Winter 1921
The Lenin quotation is from a speech given on the anniversary of the revolution, 6 November 1921, CW XXXIII, 120. The quotation from Einstein is from a letter to Emmanuel Carvallo, 12 March 1921, CPAE XII, 155–156.
DUBLIN: ‘looks ten years older’: Peter Hart, Mick: The Real Michael Collins, 2005, 264. ‘Long Whoor’: Coogan, De Valera, 202. • CHICAGO: ‘lying on an application’: Hemingway mis-states his age as twenty-four rather than twenty-one, mentions a commission in the Italian army and fails to mention his time in the American Red Cross: to Chicago Daily Tribune, 29 November 1920, LEH I, 250–251. ‘poems of Siegfried Sassoon’: to Hadley Richardson, 23 December 1920, 258. ‘dope on Rooshia’: to Grace Hemingway, 10 January 1921, EHC, Series 2, Box OC01, EHPP-OC01-013–003. • LONDON: Sheridan, Mayfair to Moscow, 216–223. • GORKI: ‘party is sick’: ‘The Party Crisis’, article in Pravda, written 19 January 1921, CW XXXII, 43–53, 43. ‘Syndicalist deviation’: ibid., 53. ‘transmission belts’: speech to Communist delegates, 30 December 1920, CW XXXII, 19–37, 21. ‘receives maps’: Pipes, Russia under the Bolshevik Regime, 373. • FIUME: ‘Wagner’s wife once played’: Hughes-Hallett, 572. • PRAGUE: for Einstein’s visit see Frank, 206–212. ‘deliberate poisoning’ to ‘psychological illness of the masses’: speech in Munich, 3 January 1921, SA, 283–287, 286. ‘should be murdered’: see entry for 9 January 1921 in the chronology in CPAE XII, 424. • DEARBORN: ‘show business’: ‘How Jews Capitalized a Protest against Jews’, Dearborn Independent, 22 January 1921. ‘prejudice and hatred’: ‘Issue a Protest on Anti-Semitism’, New York Times, 17 January 1921. • INÖNÜ: McMeekin, 451. • MUNICH: ‘Die Türkei–der Vorkämpfer’, Völkischer Beobachter, 6 February 1921. • MOSCOW: for the visit to Varya, and Lenin’s preference for Pushkin over Mayakovsky, see Fischer, Lenin, 488–489; and Elizarova, Reminiscences of Lenin by his Relatives, 201–207. ‘the letters of Marx’ to ‘this dirty lot’: to D. B. Ryazanov, 2 February 1921, CW XLV, 80–81. • CLONMULT: ‘Clonmult’: Peter Hart, The IRA and its Enemies: Violence and Community in Cork, 1916–1923, 1998, 97–98. ‘area of active lawlessness’ to ‘Catholic reformatory’: ‘Survey of the State of Ireland for the Week Ending February 28th 1921’, NA, CAB 24/120/71. ‘Irish woman in County Cork’: the case of Mary Lindsay is briefly described in Townshend, 240, but the story itself has been told and retold many times (for example, in Sean O’Callaghan, Execution, 1974) and even spawned a television drama. For a broader view, including the pushing out of Protestants from Cork, see Gerard Murphy, The Year of Disappearances: Political Killings in Cork, 1921–1922, 2010. ‘house in which Michael Collins was born’: Collins’s own account in Coogan, Michael Collins, 177–178. ‘train carrying British soldiers’: Townshend, 241. ‘Irish cheddar’: BMH, Witness Statement 1713, James O’Donovan, 12. • MUNICH: ‘brass band’: Joachimsthaler, 282. ‘get close to the Communists’: Ernst Deuerlein, Der Aufstieg der NSDAP in Augenzeugenberichten, 1974, 131. ‘war wounded go free’: advertisement for a speech on 2 February 1921, SA, 310. ‘blue suit and trench coat’: Hellmuth Auerbach, ‘Hitlers Politische Lehrjahre und die Münchener Gesellschaft, 1919–1923’, Vierteljahrshefte für Zeitgeschichte, 25/1, 1977, 1–45, 22. • PARIS: for the play itself: Pierre Palau, Les Détraquées, 1958. For Breton’s reaction: André Breton, Nadja, 1960 (trans. Richard Howard), 40–51. Breton had a signed copy of Babinski’s 1917 book on hysteria at home, with a note promising André a great medical career: Polizzotti, 56. • MOSCOW: ‘Disaster is imminent’: to the Politburo, 12 February 1921, CW XXXII, 134–136. ‘proletarian class = the Communist Party’: Read, Lenin, 274. ‘soldiers’ shoes’: Figes, 760. ‘Kronstadt batteries’: Paul Avrich, Kronstadt 1921, 1970, 96–97. ‘proclamation’: Figes, 760. ‘nerves are kaput’: Kotkin, 410. • BERLIN: ‘whole world looks on you’ to ‘Jewish faithlessness’: from Fritz Haber, 9 March 1921, CPAE XII, 124–127. ‘only for my name’ to ‘seats have already been booked’: to Fritz Haber, 9 March 1921, CPAE XII, 127–130. • CHICAGO: ‘nothing in the wide world’: speech, 1 February 1921, MG III, 149–156, 149. ‘as long as they understand’: report by Bureau of Investigation agent, 10 February 1921, MG III, 173–175. ‘carry mortar’ to ‘build up in Africa’: speech, 4 February 1921, MG III, 161–162. ‘trying to develop a business relationship’: Grant, 280–283. ‘in fact steel’: the retraction was printed in The Crisis, March 1921. ‘temperamental, unscrupulous’: speech, 16 February 1921, MG III, 206–218, 206. • VIENNA: see Martin A. Miller, Freud and the Bolsheviks: Psychoanalysis in Imperial Russia and the Soviet Union, 1998; Freud’s letters to Osipov: 169–175. • KRONSTADT FORTRESS: ‘exiled leaders’: Avrich, 116. ‘White plot cooked up in Paris’: Pipes, Russia under the Bolshevik Regime, 382. ‘bared their fangs’: Avrich, 95. ‘clemency, Mr Trotsky’ to ‘shot like partridges’: ibid., 145–146. ‘issues its own retort’: the full statement is in ibid., 241–243. ‘a gun’: summing-up speech to the Tenth Congress of the Communist Party, 9 March 1921, CW XXXII, 188–207, 206. For Lenin’s speech on trades unions jibing Trotsky on 14 March 1921 see CW XXXII, 210–213. ‘fetish of democratic principles’ to ‘temporary vacillations’: Deutscher, Prophet Armed, 508–509. ‘bureaucratic distortions’: speech as before on 14 March 1921, CW XXXII, 210–213. ‘may have made mistakes’ to ‘no alternative’: summing-up speech to the Tenth Congress of the Communist Party on the tax in kind, 15 March 1921, CW XXXII, 229–238, 233–234. ‘turning back towards capitalism’: report on the tax in kind, 15 March 1921, CW XXXII, 214–229, 218. ‘theoretically it is conceivable’: ibid., 220. ‘must do a bit of starving’: Service, Lenin, 426. ‘inch of its life’ to ‘hobble about’: report on the tax in kind, 15 March 1921, CW XXXII, 214–229, 224. ‘Crocodiles are despicable’: ibid., 222. ‘pulls off his masterstroke’: Service, A Political Life, Vol. 3, 184; for the congress generally, ibid., 176–184. ‘temperamental man’ to ‘hasn’t got a clue’: summary of remarks at the Tenth Communist Party Congress, 16 March 1921, Lenin, Unknown Lenin, 123–124. ‘Quotation Marks’: Avrich, 244–246. ‘canned horsemeat’: ibid., 201. ‘public health risk’: ibid., 210. ‘notes one revolutionary exile’: Goldman, Living my Life, Vol. 2, 886. • NEW YORK: ‘playing charades’: Clare Sheridan, My American Diary, 1922, 21. ‘force as an element’ to ‘mind cannot grasp it’: ibid., 40. ‘made British Ambassador’: Service, Spies and Commissars, 276. ‘kill off all Bolsheviks’ to ‘wonderfully emptier world’: Sheridan, American Diary, 51. ‘Russian cab driver’: ibid., 75. • MOSCOW: ‘very petty incident’ to ‘butcher generals’: remarks to a journalist from the New York Herald, reported in the Petrogradskaya Pravda, 26 March 1921, CW XXXVI, 538. ‘hoping for more trade’: see Service, Spies and Commissars, 308–317. ‘best port wine’: Kotkin, 398. • BERLIN: for events in Saxony see Dirk Schumann, Political Violence in the Weimar Republic, 1918–1933: Fight for the Streets and Fear of Civil War, 2009 (trans. Thomas Dunlap), 59–76. For Hitler’s Bavarian tour see speeches 15–21 March 1921, SA, 353–355. • PARIS: Littérature, No. 18, March 1921. • ISTANBUL: ‘angry and depressed’ to ‘mad-house’: personal letter from Horace Rumbold to Lord Curzon, 23 March 1921, NA, FO 800/157/91. The full official communication is in DBFP, First Series, Vol. XVII, 87–91, with ‘Macedonian revolutionary’ at 89. • MUNICH: ‘introduces him to Erich Ludendorff’: Kellogg, 128. See also Weber, Becoming Hitler, 225–226. • MILAN: ‘airplane and the bomb’: Falasca-Zamponi, 73. ‘Mantua’: Christopher Duggan, The Force of Destiny: A History of Italy since 1796, 2007, 428. ‘jack-in-the-boxes’ to ‘gigantic, barbaric, universal’: speech in Trieste, 6 February 1921, OO XVI, 150–160, 156–157. • PARIS: this description is drawn mostly from Brook-Shepherd, Last Habsburg, 248–275, which is based principally on Karl Werkmann, Aus Kaiser Karls Nachlass, 1925. • DOORN: ‘give up their art collections’: the Kaiser’s doctor, quoted in Röhl, Into the Abyss, 1234.
Spring 1921
MOSCOW: ‘peat industry’: to Lunacharsky, 9 April 1921, CW XXXV, 484–485. ‘give orders’: Le
nin to Skylansky, 9 April 1921, TP II, 444–446. ‘harder to concentrate’: Felshtinsky, 189–190. • KINGSTON: ‘faces criticism’: Grant, 289–290. ‘good-for-nothing Jamaicans’: speech by Garvey, 26 March 1921, MG III, 280–285, 281. • INÖNÜ: ‘thunderous majesty’: Mango, 311. ‘hot snow or wooden iron’: Ihrig, 30. • PHILADELPHIA: for an account of the origins of Shuffle Along see Cary D. Wintz and Paul Finkelman (eds.), Encyclopedia of the Harlem Renaissance, 2004, Vol. 2, 1108–1110. ‘too dark’: Baker and Bouillon, 27. • NEW YORK: for an account of Einstein’s trip to America and Britain in the spring of 1921 see Fölsing, 495–509. For his media reception see József Illy, Albert Meets America: How Journalists Treated Genius during Einstein’s 1921 Travels, 2006. ‘not finished yet’ to ‘political motives’: ‘Professor Einstein Here, Explains Relativity’, New York Times, 3 April 1921. ‘psychopathological’: ‘Psychopathic Relativity’, New York Times, 5 April 1921. ‘handbook’: Grundmann, 191. ‘official is congratulated’: ‘Jewish World Notes’, Dearborn Independent, 23 April 1921. ‘going to respond to every attack’: ‘Fervid Reception to Zionist Leaders’, New York Times, 11 April 1921. • DUBLIN: ‘laughs at de Valera’: Coogan, Michael Collins, 208. ‘forty-six casualties’: ‘Weekly Survey of the State of Ireland for Week Ended March 28th, 1921’, NA, CAB 24/121/83. ‘Castleconnell’: Walsh, Bitter Freedom, 257. ‘Nemesis may follow’: ‘Fight Between Parties of Police’, Guardian, 19 April 1921. • JERUSALEM: ‘All of us here today’: remarks to a Palestinian Arab delegation, 2 April 1921, WSC IX, 1419–1421. ‘full of sympathy for Zionism’: remarks to a Zionist delegation, 2 April 1921, WSC IX, 1421–1422. ‘moderate, friendly and statesmanlike’: cabinet memorandum, 2 April 1921, WSC X, 1428–1431. • DOORN: ‘compares his own dear Kaiserin’: diary entry, 11 April 1921, Ilsemann, Vol. 1, 173–174. ‘every common worker’: letter of Wilhelm dated 17 April 1921, in Röhl, Into the Abyss, 1205. ‘band of veterans of the war of 1870’: ‘Kaiserin’s Body Back in Germany’, New York Times, 19 April 1921. ‘American newspapers estimate’: ‘Extol Hindenburg at Kaiserin’s Bier’, New York Times, 20 April 1921. ‘Workers in Potsdam’: ‘Kundgebungen in Potsdam’, Vossische Zeitung, 20 April 1921. • ISTANBUL: ‘If it weren’t such a tragedy’ to ‘family menagerie’: letter to her parents by Clover Dulles, 4 April 1921, AWD, Subseries 6B, Box 120, Folder 3. For the French offer and Wrangel’s response see ‘Repatriation of Cossacks in “Rechid Pasha” by French under False Pretences’, NA, ADM 137/2500/A 307, and HIA, Vrangel Collection, Box 138, File 10. ‘intercepting short-wave radio transmissions’: Grose, 78–79; a large collection of General Wrangel’s intelligence reports are held as part of the Vrangel Collection at the Hoover Institution. • BERLIN: for the Silesia crisis see F. Gregory Campbell, ‘The Struggle for Upper Silesia, 1919–1922’, Journal of Modern History, 42/3, 1970, 361–385. ‘well-armed Polish-speaking soldiers’: ‘Allies Fighting Polish Invaders in Upper Silesia’, New York Times, 5 May 1921. • WASHINGTON DC: ‘reminders of his former position’: details about the house, and a description of how it was purchased and so forth, can be found in Cooper, Wilson, 576; and Edith Wilson, 320–324. The house itself is now a museum open to the public. Woodrow’s bedroom is just as Edith left it. She died in 1961. One of her last engagements was to invite the wife of newly elected President John F. Kennedy (born 1917) to tea to discuss the job of being the nation’s First Lady. ‘insists on hanging prominently’: Cooper, Wilson, footnote on 665. ‘seems not to want to know’ to ‘self-consuming mind’: diary of Ray Stannard Baker, 25 May 1921, WW LXVII, 288–289. ‘business partner is duly dispatched’: the partner is Woodrow Wilson’s Secretary of State, Bainbridge Colby, who engages in ‘the toils of the plasterers and carpenters’ to get things ready. WW LXVII, from Bainbridge Colby, 9 July 1921, 347. ‘or she did!’: diary of Ray Stannard Baker, 27 May 1921, WW XLVII, 295. • PRINCETON: ‘Marx Brothers comedy is enacted’: ‘Princeton Honors Fuss Dr. Einstein: Theory of Relativity Easier for German Scientist Than Getting a Degree–Grins at His Mistakes’, Evening Bulletin, 10 May 1921, in Illy, 171–172. ‘Kinertia’: ‘Kinertia versus Einstein’, Dearborn Independent, 30 April 1921; for a discussion see Wazeck, 171–175. ‘America is interesting’ to ‘a wonderful sense’: to Michele Besso, before 30 May 1921, CPAE XII, 182–183. • MUNICH: the letter is from Rudolf Hess, dated 17 May 1921, Deuerlein, Aufstieg, 132–133. • ROME: ‘Papal letter’: Dermot Keogh, The Vatican, the Bishops and Irish Politics, 1919–1939, 1986, 70. ‘the hills of Ireland could be levelled’: Michael Collins to Kitty Kiernan, 20 June 1921, Coogan, Michael Collins, 121. • VIENNA: ‘bronze doppelgänger’: to Ferenczi, 8 May 1921, FR/FER III, 55–56. • MOSCOW: ‘Aren’t you ashamed?’: to A. V. Lunacharsky, 6 May 1921, CW LXV, 138–139. Quotations from 150,000,000 are taken from Vladimir Mayakovsky, Selected Poems, 2013 (trans. James H. McGavran III), 196–247. ‘Can’t we stop this?’: to M. N. Pokrovsky, 6 May 1921, CW LXV, 139. ‘Is it being done?’ to ‘exact details’: to Y. A. Litkens, 6 May 1921, CW XXXV, 489. • PARIS: for a detailed account of proceedings see Sanouillet, 186–194. • SAINT-CYR: Lacouture, 115. • ROME: Bosworth, 130. • CROTON-ON-HUDSON: Sheridan, American Diary, 129–130.
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