Summer 1921
SMYRNA: ‘two topics of conversation’: letter to her parents by Clover Dulles, 21 June 1921, AWD, Subseries 6B, Box 120, Folder 3. • MOSCOW: ‘quick calculation’ to ‘circulated widely’: Lenin to Skylansky, 30 May 1921, TP II, 458–461. ‘a push’: report to the Tenth All-Russian Conference of the Communist Party on the tax in kind, 26 May 1921, CW XXXII, 402–416, 415. ‘long time’ to ‘unstable equilibrium’: closing speech to Tenth All-Russian Conference, CW XXXII, 436–437. ‘if revolution occurs’ to ‘conjectures on that score’: Robert Service’s translation for the first part in A Political Life, Vol. 3, 213. ‘bandits’ to ‘measures are properly enforced’: Pipes, Russia under the Bolshevik Regime, 386–388; Figes, 768–769. • WASHINGTON DC: for the origins of the 1921 Immigration Act see John Higham, Strangers in the Land: Patterns of American Nativism, 1860–1925, 1955, particularly 300–311. ‘perverted ideas’ to ‘economic parasites’: Special Session of the Congress, March 1921, in Jonathan Spiro, Defending the Master Race: Conservation, Eugenics and the Legacy of Madison Grant, 2009, 226. ‘dash into harbour’: Higham, 312. • BERLIN: ‘Dancing couples’ to ‘theory of relativity’: Wazeck, 71. ‘rooms above a bakery’: Fölsing, 510. ‘toy dogs’ to ‘magic spell’: the remarks originally appeared in the Nieuwe Rotterdamsche Courant, and were then reported in the New York Times in the 8 July 1921 edition. ‘accursed Jew’: from an unknown sender, after 4 July 1921, CPAE XII, 214. ‘Another person in Mexico’: Sheridan, American Diary, 196. ‘several weeks in the German capital’: Thomas Friedrich, Hitler’s Berlin: Abused City, 2012 (trans. Stewart Spencer), 28. ‘not be able to lie to history’: postcard to Fritz Lauböck, 25 June 1921, SA, 435. • ISTANBUL: Cohn, 71–83. For Dulles, see Grose. • NEW YORK: ‘pre-breakfast whistling tune’: advertisement for Shuffle Along in New York Herald, 29 May 1921. ‘infectious score’: ‘Shuffle Along Premiere’, New York Times, 23 May 1921. ‘breeze of super-jazz’: review in the Evening Journal, as advertised in the New York Herald as above. ‘strange workings of the Caucasian mind’ to ‘should continue to shuffle along’: ‘Shuffle Along Latest Musical Gem to Invade Broadway’, New York Age, 4 June 1921. • MOSCOW: for a colourful account of the congress and the characters in Moscow see Serge, 158–171. ‘with us in spirit’: Zinoviev’s opening speech on 22 June 1921, To the Masses: Proceedings of the Third Congress of the Communist International, 1921 (trans. John Riddell), 2015, 74–82. ‘Petit bourgeois’: Serge, 166 (the 2012 version translates to English). ‘developing’ to ‘ripe’: ‘Theses on Tactics and Strategy’, drafted by Karl Radek, in To the Masses, as above, 924–950, 924. ‘does not develop in a straight line’: ibid., 925. ‘bêtises de Béla Kun’: Serge, 163 (Lenin spoke in French, though the 2012 version of Serge’s book translates into English). ‘an émigré myself’: note to the participants in a sitting of the commission on tactics, 7 July 1921, CW XLV, 203–204. ‘Whoever arrives in Russia’ to ‘our open enemy’: Trotsky’s intervention on a discussion of the Italian question, 29 June 1921, in To the Masses, 374–379, 378–379. ‘refusing to travel there’: Kotkin, 415. • TULSA: for a detailed account see Alfred Brophy, Reconstructing the Dreamland: The Tulsa Riot of 1921, 2002, 28–65. ‘haven’t negroes the right’: ‘Thirty Whites Held for Tulsa Rioting’, New York Times, 5 June 1921. • BELFAST: ‘appeal to all Irishmen’: Coogan, Michael Collins, 214. • MOSCOW: ‘latest calculation’: ideas about a state economic plan, 4 July 1921, CW XXXII, 497–498. ‘humanitarian appeal’: Figes, 760. ‘free of squeaks’: Volkogonov, Lenin, 410. • LONDON: ‘more ill-will’: Coogan, De Valera, 230. ‘map is of the Mercator type’: ibid., 231. ‘chant the rosary’: ‘The Premier Meets Mr De Valera’, Guardian, 15 July 1921. • ROME: for the pact of pacification see Bosworth, 131–133. ‘far horizon’ to ‘thousands of local elements’: ‘Fatto Compiuto’, Il Popolo d’Italia, 3 August 1921, OO XVII, 80–83, 83. ‘see if D’Annunzio can be persuaded’: Renzo De Felice, D’Annunzio Politico, 1918–1938, 1978, 169; and Hughes-Hallett, 581. • LONDON: for an account of the discussions see Frank Pakenham, Peace by Ordeal: An Account, from First-Hand Sources, of the Negotiation and Signature of the Anglo-Irish Treaty 1921, 1962; and Geoffrey Shakespeare, Let Candles Be Brought In, 1949. For Lloyd George speaking Welsh and de Valera speaking English, Shakespeare, 83. ‘reminded of being on a circus horse’: Shakespeare, 76. ‘draws a diagram’: Coogan, Michael Collins, 231. • ESKİŞEHİR: see McMeekin, 454–455. • NEW YORK: for an account of Garvey’s time as the ship’s purser see Grant, 295. For Garvey’s speech in New York see speech dated 20 July 1921, MG III, 532–545. ‘conquer Africa’ to ‘become so powerful’: ibid., 540. ‘Negro traitors’ to ‘like a piece of cotton’: ibid., 542–543. • LONDON: ‘trips on her high heels’: CH/CH, 237. ‘dancing in full swing’: letter from Clementine to Winston Churchill, 9 August 1921, 240. • BERLIN: for the episode with Dickel and Hitler’s resignation see Joachimsthaler, 285–287; Weber, Becoming Hitler, 263–264; and for a slightly wider view Kershaw, 160–165. ‘check these quotes’ to ‘iron leadership’: letter to NSDAP committee, 14 July 1921, SA, 436–438. ‘pamphlet’: Deuerlein, Aufstieg, 138–140. • DOORN: ‘very lively’: Röhl, Into the Abyss, 1207. ‘Chamberlain’s latest book’: letter from the Kaiser in August 1921 thanking him for his ‘wonderful’ book, in HSC II, 259. ‘order of the decent people’: Röhl, Into the Abyss, 1235. • ACROSS ANATOLIA: ‘No one is safe’: Gingeras, 285–289. ‘Foreign observers accuse’: Arnold Toynbee, The Western Question, 1922, 301. ‘“subconscious” pre-human animal’: Toynbee, 263. • LONDON: for Philip Graves’s articles from The Times demonstrating the falsity of the Protocols, see The Truth about ‘The Protocols’: A Literary Forgery, 1921. ‘thanked The Times’: speech in Rosenheim, 9 August 1921, SA, 458. • GORKI: ‘so tired’: to Maxim Gorky, 9 August 1921, CW XLV, 249. ‘disguised interventionists’ to ‘capacity for these things’: to V. M. Molotov, 11 August 1921, CW XLV, 250–251. ‘neither treatment, nor work’: to Maxim Gorky, 9 August 1921, CW XLV, 249. • DUBLIN: for the exchanges over the summer months see Official Correspondence Relating to the Peace Negotiations, June–September, 1921, 1921. ‘take to the beaches’: Walsh, Bitter Freedom, 284. ‘peaceful and undisturbed’: ‘Weekly Survey of the State of Ireland for Week Ended August 29th, 1921’, NA CAB 24/127/94. ‘find myself looking at friends’: letter to Harry Boland dated July 1921, in Coogan, Michael Collins, 232. ‘argue the matter late into the night’: Hart, 290–291. • HORTON BAY: ‘afternoon swim’: Baker, 80–81. ‘first American killed in Italy’: Meyers, Hemingway, 60. • RIVER SAKARYA: ‘three weeks in late summer’: for an account of the Battle of Sakarya see McMeekin, 456–458. McMeekin calls it ‘the last real battle of the First World War’. ‘Bon voyage’: Edib, 288 • NEW YORK: ‘messages for various world leaders’: see MG III, 585–587. ‘greatest state social event’: ‘First UNIA Court Reception’, 27 August 1921, MG III, 698–706, 698. ‘congress of rats’ to ‘disgrace to Harvard’: ibid., 606. ‘tinsel show’: enclosure dated 23 September 1921, MG IV, 74–77, 75. ‘sympathetic British politicians’: ‘Treatment of African Natives’, Guardian, 29 August 1921, and ‘The Pan African Manifesto’, Times, 30 August 1921. For an account of the congress in London and Brussels (including the presence of Belgian officials, and a trip to a museum where Congo’s great mineral wealth is advertised), see Jessie Fauset, ‘Impressions of the Second Pan-African Congress’, The Crisis, November 1921. ‘Bolshevik talk’: reproducing article from La Dépêche Coloniale et Maritime, 31 August 1921, MG IX, 158–159. ‘colored American cannot withstand’: ‘Denounce our Haiti Policy’, New York Times, 6 September 1921; Du Bois subsequently denied having said this: see, ‘Africa for the Africans’, The Crisis, February 1922. For a further account of proceedings in Paris, where a delegate from Guadeloupe declares: ‘I consider it a joy to be a member of that nation which made the revolution of 1789’, see ‘Transcription from Paris Session’, 4 September 1921, WEB, Series 1a. For Du Bois’s onward trip to Geneva see Fauset’s article,
as above. • MOSCOW: ‘recommendations for improvement’: for examples of Lenin’s hectoring communications from this period, see his notes to M. I. Friumkin and others, 17 August 1921, CW XLV, 257, and to V. S. Dovgalevsky, 2 September 1921, CW XXXV, 519–520. ‘donates all unconsecrated vessels’: Pipes, Under the Bolshevik Regime, 347. • HILDESHEIM: for an account of the gathering see Phyllis Grosskurth, ‘The Idyll in the Harz Mountains’, in Toby Gelfand and John Kerr (eds.), Freud and the History of Psychoanalysis, 1992, 341–355. ‘practical joke’: Jones, Freud, Vol. 3, 85. ‘expression of the loss of value’ to ‘form no estimate’: ‘Psychoanalyis and Telepathy’, translated from 1921 manuscript, SE XVIII, 175–193, 177. ‘if I were at the beginning’: to Hereward Carrington, 24 July 1921, in LSF (ed. Ernst L. Freud, trans. Tania and James Stern), 339–340. • DOORN: ‘Baroness Sunshine’ and ‘hardly anyone left’: Röhl, Into the Abyss, 1207.
Autumn 1921
MUNICH: ‘pacifistic, defeatist thinking’: Erich Ludendorff, Kriegführung und Politik, 1922, 332. ‘insufficient race-consciousness’: ibid., 337. ‘uplifting Dutch song’: ibid., 342. • MOSCOW: for the famine, and American relief efforts, see H. H. Fisher, The Famine in Soviet Russia, 1919–1923: The Operations of the American Relief Administration, 1927; and Bertrand M. Patenaude, The Big Show in Bololand: The American Relief Expedition to Soviet Russia in the Famine of 1921, 2002. ‘first delivery of food aid’: Fisher, 79–82. ‘new cafés for the rich’: ‘Moscow is Buying and Selling Again’, New York Times, 10 September 1921. ‘fresh pastries’ and the reappearance of produce for those that can pay under the New Economic Policy, see in particular Serge, 172; Goldman, Living my Life, Vol. 2, 897–899; and Alexander Berkman, The Bolshevik Myth, 1925, 319. • VIENNA: this account is drawn from Alfred Kardiner, My Analysis with Freud, 1977. ‘Rosenkavalier’: ibid., 91. ‘paper on the spider’: ibid., 83. ‘the imitation Freud’: ibid., 84. ‘American from Atlanta’: ibid., 75–76. ‘desist from writing’ to ‘not productive’: ibid., 85–86. ‘unanalysed’: ibid., 86. ‘I take this to be an insult’: ibid., 87. • MUNICH: ‘dragged down from the podium’: party circular dated 24 September 1921, SA, 492–493. ‘Just as during the war’: speech to SA, 5 October 1921, SA, 499. ‘any Jew takes offence’ to ‘Honour these colours’: party circular dated 17 September 1921, SA, 483–484. • MOSCOW: for the growth of different acronyms in the Soviet regime see T. H. Rigby, ‘Staffing USSR Incorporated: The Origins of the Nomenklatura System’, Soviet Studies, 40/4, 1988, 523–537; Graeme Gill, The Origins of the Stalinist Political System, 2010. ‘Don’t economise’: Angelica Balabanoff, Impressions of Lenin, 1964 (trans. Isotta Cesari), 29–30. ‘gets his wife expelled’: Robert H. McNeal, Stalin: Man and Ruler, 1988, 46. • DOORN: ‘book by an English guest’: Norah Bentinck, The Ex-Kaiser in Exile, 1921. ‘Best of all I’d like’: diary entry 16 October 1921, Ilsemann, Vol. 2, 191–195, 192. • LOS ANGELES: for Clare’s time in California see Sheridan, American Diary, 299–350. ‘apparently read her books’: ibid., 303. ‘ends up being mobbed’: ‘Charlie Chaplin in England’, Guardian, 12 September 1921, and ‘Hope to See Much of England’, Guardian, 12 September 1921, ‘much sadder place’: Sheridan, American Diary, 333. ‘not a Bolshevik’: ibid., 333–334. ‘I find him very interesting’: ibid., 341. ‘referred to as “brother”’: ibid., 343. ‘harangues the dunes’: ibid., 347. • TARRENZ BEI IMST: Polizzotti, 160–163. For Breton’s account of his meeting with Freud, ‘Interview du Professeur Freud à Vienne’, Littérature, March 1922. • WASHINGTON DC: ‘national disgrace’: unpublished statements, 20 October 1921, WW LXVII, 428. ‘insists on slowing down’: Axson, 243. ‘America First’: to Louis Dembitz Brandeis, 6 November 1921, WW LXVII, 443. • MOSCOW: ‘Why not begin to prepare’ to ‘getting off the track’: James D. White, ‘Early Historical Interpretations of the Russian Revolution, 1918–1924’, Soviet Studies, 37/3, 1985, 330–352, 344. ‘Lenintrotsky’: James H. Meisel, Counter-Revolution: How Revolutions Die, 1966, viii. • LONDON: for an overall account see Pakenham, Peace by Ordeal. For a shorter and judicious account of the negotiations and de Valera’s reaction to the result see Fanning, 108–129. For the letters and notes exchanged on the Irish side see DIFP, Vol. 1, 274–361, which lays out the progress of the negotiations in great detail. ‘Hans Place’ to ‘good-humoured Irishman’: Walsh, 311. ‘place feel less strange’ to ‘Inventions of the Devil’: Margery Forester, Michael Collins: The Lost Leader, 1971, 217. ‘in the mood for peace’: Thomas Jones, Whitehall Diary, Vol. 3, Ireland 1918–1925, 1971 (ed. Keith Middlemas), 123. ‘most difficult part’: Arthur Griffith to Éamon de Valera, 12 October 1921, DIFP, Vol. 1, 274. ‘never allow myself’: Hart, 297. ‘Fertile in expedients’: Forester, 219. ‘for love of our beautiful eyes’: Arthur Griffith to Éamon de Valera, 13 October 1921, DIFP, Vol. 1, 275. ‘Good feelings are better’: Hart, 298. ‘you have made the position’: Nicholas Mansergh, The Unresolved Question: The Anglo-Irish Settlement and its Undoing 1912–1972, 1991, 219. ‘the word “adhere”’: Pakenham, Peace by Ordeal, 177. ‘matter of drafting’: Jones, Whitehall Diary, Vol. 3, 142. • BOLOGNA: ‘My little paunch’: to Ilse Einstein, 9 November 1921, CPAE XII, 339–340. ‘still very childish’ and ‘Another pretty housemaid!’: to Elsa Einstein, 9 November 1921, CPAE XII, 344–346. • NEW YORK: ‘gray days of the revolution’: ‘Women are Real Equals in Russia, Leader Declares’, 11 October 1921, St. Louis Star and Times. ‘memorial service’: for details of the service, including Bryant’s poem, Souvenir Programme to John Reed Memorial, 17 October 1921, JRP, MS Am 1091, Series VI, 1357. ‘Russia is being crucified’: Dearborn, Bryant, 178. ‘they find devastation’: the following descriptions from Fisher, 85–111. ‘sixty-eight thousand Russians’: statistics in Fisher, 556–557. ‘Children’s flesh’: Figes, 777. ‘had enough of her’: Fisher, 97–98. ‘strategical retreat’ to ‘prelude to its victory?’: report to the Second All-Russia Congress of Political Education Departments, 17 October 1921, CW XXXIII, 60–79, 63. ‘several doors’: ibid., 65. ‘you will learn’: ibid., 72. ‘number of transitional stages’: ‘Fourth Anniversary of the Revolution’, written 14 October 1921, published in Pravda 18 October 1921, CW XXXIII, 51–59, 58. ‘wholesale merchant’: ibid., 59. ‘mass of current work’ to ‘becoming tired’: Lenin: Life and Works, 186. • LONDON: ‘spied upon at Mass’: Jones, Whitehall Diary, Vol. 3, 134. ‘lonely splendour’: Forester, 222. ‘visits an old friend in jail’: ‘Memorandum/Michael Collins/Wormwood Scrubs, October 20 1921’, NA, HO 532/8. • NEW YORK: ‘lighten her skin’: Baker and Bouillon, 28. For Baker’s hiring, see Baker and Bouillon, 31; and Haney, 37. • DUBLIN: ‘no question of our asking the Irish’: DIFP, Vol. 1, 25 October 1921, 291–292. • BIRMINGHAM: for the text of Harding’s speech quoted here see Address of the President of the United States at the Semicentennial of the Founding of the City of Birmingham, Alabama, 1921. ‘daredevil pilot’: ‘Crowds Pouring In’, Birmingham News, 25 October 1921. ‘great cheers’: ‘Harding Says Negro Must Have Equality in Political Life’, New York Times, 27 October 1921. ‘Michael King’: the father of Martin Luther King, Jr.: for this episode see Martin Luther King, Sr., Daddy King: An Autobiography, 1980, 69–71. ‘Senator from Mississippi’ to ‘Supremacist assumptions’: ‘Praise and Assail Harding Negro Talk’, New York Times, 28 October 1921. ‘Marcus Garvey welcomes’: ‘Negroes Endorse Speech’, New York Times, 27 October 1921. ‘man of great vision’ to ‘lynch and burn’: speech dated 30 October 1921, MG IV, 141–151, 143. ‘If I cannot be’: ibid., 149. ‘bleach up ourselves’ and ‘great slap’: ibid., 150 (see also 144). • LONDON: ‘great deal of good’ to ‘I was happy’: Forester, 236. ‘privately informing the King’: Jones, Whitehall Diary, Vol. 3, 156. ‘sits facing the door’: Forester, 238. • DÜBENDORF AIRFIELD: the October restoration attempt is described in Brook-Shepherd, Last Habsburg, 281–300. ‘time of the Crusades’: Zita’s diary entry date 9 November 1921, ibid., 310. ‘Not that it matters’: Zita’s diary 15 November 1921, ibid., 312. • ROME: ‘reported as news’: ‘
Dopo il Duello Mussolini Ciccotti’, Il Popolo d’Italia, 30 October 1921, OO XVII, 201–203. ‘more subtle duel’: Bosworth, 133–135. • MOSCOW: ‘after trying revolutionary methods’ to ‘confined yourselves’: ‘The Importance of Gold Now and After the Complete Victory of Socialism’, published in Pravda, 6–7 November 1921, CW XXXIII, 109–116, 110. ‘public lavatories’ and ‘kill twenty million’: ibid., 113. • KANSAS CITY: ‘America Impresses’: ‘America Impresses the Allied War Chiefs with Youth, Hope, Bigness and Fairness’, New York Times, 2 November 1921. ‘France did not want war’: ‘Foch Says World Must Have Peace’, New York Times, 5 November 1921. ‘carried by telephone cable’: ‘Cities Observe Day from East to West’, New York Times, 12 November 1921. ‘rain of ruin from the aircraft’: ‘President Harding’s Address at the Burial of the Unknown American Soldier’, slightly abbreviated, New York Times, 12 November 1921. ‘naval disarmament conference’: for the importance of the conference see Tooze, 394–407. • BUKHARA: for this final adventure of Enver Pasha see Fromkin, 479–490. • ROME: for attitudes towards Einstein’s theories in Italy see Barbara J. Reeves, ‘Einstein Politicized: The Early Reception of Relativity in Italy’, in Thomas Glick (ed.), The Comparative Reception of Relativity, 1987, 189–229. For Mussolini’s article, ‘Relativismo e Fascismo’, Il Popolo d’Italia, 22 November 1921 in OO XVII, 267–269. ‘super-relativist movement’ to ‘intuition and fragments’: ibid., 267. • MOSCOW: for accounts of this episode see McNeal, 47; Kun, 256–258; and Kotkin, 593–594. ‘worries about the Georgian’s health’: to Lydia Fotieva, 26 December 1921, PSS LIV, 99. ‘vacating of the apartment’ to ‘obstacles’: to A. S. Yenukidze, November 1921, CW XXXV, 531. ‘Stalin must have a quiet flat’ to ‘mint are being selected’: Kun, 258. • DUBLIN: ‘if you sign this thing’: Pakenham, Peace by Ordeal, 260. ‘job to be done’: Forester, 247. ‘Journalists are told’: Pakenham, 272. ‘peace or war?’: Lloyd George gives this word special resonance by rolling the ‘r’s in the Welsh fashion, as reported in Shakespeare, 53. ‘which letter am I to send?’: Pakenham, 298. ‘hung from the lamp posts’: this is Barton’s recollection reported in Hart, 318. ‘suggesting the Black and Tans be assigned a new role’: Jones, Whitehall Diary, Vol. 3, 185. ‘When you have sweated’ to ‘death warrant’: letter to O’Kane quoted in Pakenham, 166. ‘no small change’: Shakespeare, 91. ‘sits with his entourage’ to ‘Dante Alighieri’: Fanning, 122–123. • NEW YORK: ‘President Harding and Social Equality’, The Crisis, December 1921. • SFAYAT: for the story of the Russians in Tunisia see Hélène Menegaldo, ‘Les russes à Bizerte: de la Tunisie à la France, les étapes d’une intégration contrariée’, Mémoire(s), identité(s), marginalité(s) dans le monde occidental contemporain, 13, 2015, available online at http://journals.openedition.org/mimmoc/2077 ; DOI : 10.4000/mimmoc.2077. ‘Prince Yusupov’ and ‘British admiral’: HIA, Vrangel Collection, Box 141, File 17. ‘long letter to Henry Ford’ and ‘Winston Churchill’: HIA, Vrangel Collection, Box 139, File 11. • MUNICH: ‘professional boxer’: speech to the SA, 30 November 1921, SA, 527. ‘special camps could be set up’: report of a discussion dated 8 December 1921, SA, 530. This trip to Berlin is sometimes dated 1922. For a discussion see Friedrich, 30 and relevant footnotes. • THE SS LEOPOLDINA: ‘acquits himself well’: letter to the Hemingway family, 20 December 1921, LEH I, 310–311. ‘remarkable strength of the old fishermen’: Baker, 83–84. Hemingway turned his trip to Vigo into a newspaper story, ‘Tuna Fishing in Spain’, in the Toronto Star Weekly, 18 February 1922. ‘one suitcase’ and ‘younger sister’: Paul Smith, ‘1924: Hemingway’s Luggage and the Miraculous Year’, in Scott Donaldson (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Hemingway, 1996, 36–54, 39–40; and, for the detail on Miss Beach’s younger sister, Polizzotti, 78. • DEARBORN: ‘As the Jewish propagandists’ to ‘tell the truth’: ‘The Jewish Associates of Benedict Arnold’, Dearborn Independent, 8 October 1921. ‘fomenting war in Palestine’: ‘How the Jews use Power–by an Eyewitness’, Dearborn Independent, 17 September 1921. ‘game of baseball’: ‘How the Jews Degraded Baseball’, Dearborn Independent, 10 September 1921. ‘abandoned sensuousness’: ‘Jewish Jazz–Moron Music–Becomes Our National Music’, Dearborn Independent, 10 August 1921. • MANCHESTER: ‘hope in 1922’: Sam to Sigmund, 29 December 1921, JRL, Freud Collection, GB133 SSF 1/2/23. • DUBLIN: ‘fitting peace terms’ and ‘Well done all’: Times and Daily Mail quoted in Pakenham, Peace by Ordeal, 327. ‘full of blessings’: Freeman’s Journal, 9 December 1921, quoted in Ian Kenneally, ‘Truce to Treaty: Irish Journalists and the 1920–1921 Peace Process’, in Kevin Rafter (ed.), Irish Journalism before Independence: More a Disease than a Profession, 2011, 213–225, 220. ‘rejoicing in Melbourne’: ‘Prime Minister’s Message’, Sydney Morning Herald, 8 December 1921. ‘American Senators’: ‘The Peace Celebrated in America’, Guardian, 10 December 1921. ‘Indian nationalists’: there is a long history of these connections with inspiration running both ways; see, for example, Keith Jeffery, ‘The Road to Asia, and the Grafton Hotel, Dublin: Ireland in the “British World”’, Irish Historical Studies, 36/42, 2008, 243–256; and Michael Silvestri, ‘“The Sinn Fein of India”: Irish Nationalism and the Policing of Revolutionary Terrorism in Bengal’, Journal of British Studies, 39/4, 2000, 454–486. ‘Garvey sends a telegram’: reported in speech dated 11 December 1921, MG IV, 259–270, 260. ‘our own fellows’ to ‘good enough for them’: Forester, 260. ‘fiasco’ and ‘awful state’: Kathleen O’Connell’s diary in Fanning, 124. ‘steps between Ireland and her hopes’: Irish Times, 9 December 1921, in Kenneally, 221. For the Dáil debates see Fanning, 126–129. For the full text of the debates, Iris Dhail Éireann. Tuairisg oifigiúl. Díosbóireacht ar an glonnradh idir Éire agus Sasana. Do signigheadh i Lundain ar an badh lá de mhí na Nodlag, 1921. Official Report. Debate on the Treaty between Great Britain and Ireland. Signed in London on the 6th December, 1921, 1922 available online at https://www.oireachtas.ie. ‘If I am a traitor’: Official Report, 14 December 1921. ‘Michael Collins’ to ‘follow him there?’: Mary MacSwiney, Official Report, 21 December 1921. ‘gives us freedom’ to ‘living approve of it’: Michael Collins, Official Report, 19 December 1921. ‘subverting the Republic’: Éamon de Valera, Official Report, 19 December 1921. ‘men are bitter’: letter dated Christmas 1921, in Foster, 204. ‘grammarian’s formula’: Freeman’s Journal, 22 December 1921, in Kenneally, 222. ‘the worst day I ever spent’: Forester, 271. • ATLANTA: ‘kind gentleman’: Dean, 151. • MOSCOW: ‘Cheka in all languages’ to ‘stronger than us’: report to the Ninth All-Russia Congress of Soviets, 23 December 1921, CW XXXIII, 143–177, 175. ‘accuses the American Relief Administration’: ibid., 176. ‘feed one million’: Fisher, 556–557. ‘closer we approach’: Lenin’s speech as before, 176. • ZURICH: ‘nice if you could spend Christmas with us’: from Eduard and Hans-Albert Einstein, 31 December 1921, CPAE XII, 402. ‘meets a pretty Austrian girl’: Kardiner, 91–92.
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