by Scott McGill
Nazianzen 202, 204
Nemesius of Emesa 335, 574
neologisms 144
Neoplatonism 11, 224, 338
Nepotianus, Januarius 444
Nestorianism 49, 113, 169, 172, 336, 409, 441
Nestorius (theologian of the East Syriac Church) 50, 54, 335, 409, 536
Neuwirth, Angelika 137
New Persian literature 577
New Testament 64, 80, 202 see also Jesus Christ
compared to Old Testament 34
Florilegia 440
Greek 603, 607
and poetry 34, 230, 231, 232, 271
pseudepigraphy 531
and sermons 344
translation 11, 17, 49, 113, 533, 534, 535
Nicaea I (325) (ecumenical council) 11
Nicaea II (787) (ecumenical council) 11
Nicaeno‐Constantinopolitan creed 335, 336
Nicander 393
Nicene Creed 330, 334, 339
Nicene faith 15, 50, 168, 333, 336, 409
Nicomachus 525, 527
Nicomedia, earthquake of 201
Nicostratus of Trebizond 146
Nikephoros (806–815) 561
nineteenth‐ and twentieth century writing 627–641 Beat Generation 636–638
decadent and aesthetic late antique literatures 628–633
Modernism 633–636
present and future late antique literatures 638–639
Nino (holy woman) 93, 94
Nonnos of Panopolis (fl. ca. 430) 13 Christian poetry 264
epic poetry 221, 223, 224, 227
epigrams and occasional poetry 252, 256
nonsense syllables 289
O.Cairo 44674.118 483–484
occasional poetry 245–246
O.Col.inv. 766 482–483
Odes of Solomon 49, 50
Ojneci’i, Yovhannes (650–729) 81
Old Arabic 127, 128, 129
Old Syriac (Syriac version of individual Gospels) 48
Old Testament 202 see also Exodus; Genesis
biblical commentary 318
Cain and Abel 226
commentaries 48
compared to New Testament 34
Florilegia 440
and Greek literature 11
Isaac, sacrifice of 226
miracles 586
paraphrase 260
Peshitta translation 15, 48, 49, 533
and poetry 34, 227, 231, 232, 271
Olympiodorus of Thebes 154, 155, 224, 406, 407
Oman 126
On Celestial Signs (Lydus) 540, 541, 542, 543, 548
On God/Against the Sects (Eznik Kolbac’i) 79, 80, 91
On Human Life (George of Pisidia) 226, 256
On Months (Lydus) 540, 541, 542, 543, 548
On the Priesthood (Chrysostom) 350, 353
oracles, in verse 262
oral culture 297
“Oral Formulaic” verse 130
oral literary tradition 104
oration, festal 197, 202–204
oratory epideictic see epideictic oratory
panegyrical and secular, in Latin works 28–30
Ordo Salutationis (legal text) 419, 420
Orestes (mythological work) 32
Organon, The, (Aristotle) 526
Oribasius of Pergamum 147, 493, 495, 496
Orientius (Bishop of Auch) 255, 272, 273
Origen (ca. 186–254) 31, 63, 80, 231, 315, 318, 323, 378, 379, 408 Contra Celsum 12, 333
De principiis 332–333, 334, 339
Homilies on Genesis 314, 317
sermons 345–346
Orosius (d. post 418) 29, 153, 186, 334, 368, 591
orthography 456
Ostrogothic administration 420
Otto of Freising (d. 1158) 591
Ovid 32, 244, 251, 319, 425
P. Bouriant 1 480–481
P. Cotsen‐Princeton 1 481–482
Pabst, Bernhard 281
Pacatus Drepanius 215
Pachomian federation 69, 70
Pachomius (Christian monastic founder) 10, 67, 70
paganism/pagan beliefs 79, 89, 96, 147, 251, 270, 328, 560 antiquarian literature 545, 549
Armenia 79, 83
and Christianity 261, 263, 269, 270
literary material 436
Pahlavi (Middle Persian) literature 103–121 apocalyptic and visionary texts 108–110
Avesta, commentary on 106–107, 111
Christian and Manichaean literature 113–114
cultural texts 112–113
dictionaries 113
didactic texts 110
earliest remains 104
geographical and epic texts 110–111
Greek and Sanskrit literature, contact with 114–115
inscriptions 104
and Islam 103–106, 110, 111, 114–115, 116
legal texts 111–112
Manichaean literature 574–575
philosophical and debate texts (Pahlavi) 108
prose fiction, translation 530, 531
Psalms 105
Sasanian period (224–651 CE) 103, 106, 107, 114, 115
scientific terminology 114
technical religious terminology 114
Zoroastrianism 103, 105–107, 109, 112, 116
Pahlavī Rivāyats 107 Pahlavi Rivāyat of Adurfranbay 110
Pahlavi Rivāyats Accompanying the Dādestān ī Dēnīg 110
Palaemon, Remmius 453, 454
Palatine Anthology 224, 263, 264
Palestine, 17, 88
Palladius 377, 493, 498
panegyrical (laudatory discursive) works 209–220 consular 228
epic poetry 228–229
flowery style (stylum pingue atque floridum) 29, 30, 34
fourth century 28
Greek 14
hexameter 209
inscriptions 512
legal texts 427–429
mini‐panegyrics 36
oratory, Latin works 28–30
poetry 223–225
as propaganda 217
prose 29
verse 29, 30, 32
Panegyrici Latini 29, 195, 212, 215, 217
panegyricus 215
Panegyricus (Pliny) 212
Pange lingua (Fortunatus) 273
Panhellenic games 197
Pannartz, Arnold 601
Pannonius subagrestis 150
papal letters 35
papyri 298 Arabic 136
Bodmer papyrus 225
consularia 178
Egyptian 10, 524
Greek and Coptic languages 10–11
transition from papyrus roll to codex 144, 432
parabiblical texts 534
paradise 108
paradoxical encomium 204
paradoxography 204
parahistoriographical genres 162
paraphrase 226, 243–244 biblical 264, 314
Christian poetry 260, 263
philosophical commentary 302–303
Psalms 271
Paraphrase of the Gospel of John (Nonnus) 227, 264
Paraphrase of the Psalms 264, 411
Parentalia (Ausonius) 32
Paris, Julius 431, 444
Parkinson, Thomas 636, 638
Parmenides 297
parody 291
P’arsman (K’art’velian royalty) 91
Parthians, acculturating 95, 96
Paschale Campanum 182, 187
Paschale Carmen 231, 232
Passion of Habo (Iovane Sabanis‐że’) 90
Passion of Šušanik, The, (hagiography) 89, 94
past, the perspectives on 544–547
and the present 548–550
presenting 540–543
Pater, Walter 631, 632, 633
Patricius 264
Patrologia Graeca (Migne) 263
Paul (biblical) 80, 329
Paul of Tamma 66
Paul the Deacon (d. 799) 591, 592
Paul the Silentiary 224, 264
Paula (aristocrat
ic traveler) 361, 362
Paulina, Fabia Aconia 253, 254
Paulinus of Béziers 272
Paulinus of Nola (ca. 354–431) 33, 395, 635 and Christian poetry 270, 273
epigrams and occasional poetry 247, 249
and Western Middle Ages 587–588
Paulinus of Pella (d. post 461) 27, 33, 249, 272, 376
Paulinus of Périgueux 232, 273
Paulus of Tyre 474
Paulus Silentarius 245, 256
Pelagia of Antioch 381
Pelagius 606
Pentadius 243, 253
Pentateuch 524, 586
Pergamene Temple of Apollonis, Cyzicus 252
Pericles, funeral oration of 202
periegeseis and periploi 366–368
Periochae Homeri Iliadis et Odyssiae 443
Peristephanon (verses on Christian martyrs by Prudentius) 33
Peshitta biblical translation 15, 48, 49, 533
Peter of Cluny (d. 1156) 589
Petrarch, Francesco 599
Petronius 288
Peutinger, Konrad 365
Peutinger map 365, 366
Pharr, Clyde 418
Philip II of Macedon 198, 444
Philip of Side 165
Philo of Alexandria 329
Philoponos, John 12, 574
philosophy see also specific Greek philosophers, such as Plato
commentary see commentary
dispute between Christians and Neoplatonic philosophers 12–13
Greek 11–12, 54, 297
Latin literature 31–32
Pahlavi (Middle Persian) literature 108
and poetry 286, 287
and prosimetra 285–286
Syriac literature 56–58
systematization of 11
translation 525–526
Philostorgius (ca. 424–438) 154, 162, 164, 168, 169
Philostratus 210
Philoxenian translations (ca. 507/508) 15
Philoxenus of Mabbug (d. 523) 48, 49, 52, 53, 55
phonemic vowels 129
Photios/Photius 146, 154, 437, 440, 442, 549, 559, 564 Bibliotheke 145, 558, 559
Physics (Aristotle) 303, 306, 572
Piacenza pilgrim 39, 364
Piccione, Rosa 441
pilgrims 363, 364, 518
Pisentius of Koptos (569–632) 71
Plato 12, 57, 80, 284, 285, 331, 402, 473, 577, 580 philosophical commentary 297, 299–302, 305
Protagoras 297
Republic 65
Timaeus 303
Platonic Theology (Proclus) 304–305
Pliny the Elder (23–79 CE) 434, 442, 495, 496, 501
Pliny the Younger (61–112 AD) 29, 34, 212, 213, 495, 614 and letters/letter collections 390, 391, 393–398
Plotinus (205–270 CE) 12, 299–300, 301, 302, 306, 525
Plutarch 289, 304, 440, 473, 486, 559
Pluto 230, 255
Pocock, J.G.A. 612
Poemata Arcana 263
poetry see also epigrams; verse
Arabian literature 129–133, 138
autobiographical 264
biblical 34, 226, 231 New Testament 34, 230, 231, 232, 271
Old Testament 34, 227, 231, 232, 271
Christian 225–227, 259–280 Greek 260–266
classical 28, 259, 377, 496
elegiacs 248, 249, 250, 587, 588
encomiastic 248
epic see epic poetry
epigraphic 251, 253–254
female poets 133, 231
figural 242, 243, 266
formal 125
Greek 5, 251
Hebraic 264
hexameters see hexameters
iambics see iambics
immoral 261
Latin 5, 266–273
liturgical 13, 261–262
minor 255
occasional 241, 245–246
panegyrical 223–225
and philosophy 286, 287
poetic middle way 261
poetics, Christian 260–261
polemical 263
public 29
quasi‐tragedies 376
short‐form 130, 241
spiritual uses 262
Syriac literature 5, 49–51
theological 49
translation 529–530
“wandering poets” 245
wedding 198
polemical poems 263
Polemon 316
Polybius 162
Polycarpus 97
polymetry 248
polytheism 93, 135, 362
Pomerius, Julianus 30
Pompeius 454–455
Pomponius 242
Pontius Pilate 410
Porphyry 12, 16, 81, 458, 525, 560 philosophical commentary 300, 302, 304, 309
Porter, Peter 639
Possidius 39
Pound, Ezra 631, 634, 635
P.Oxy. 1786(hymn) 261
practicability, pursuit of 500–502
Praeparatio evangelica 334
Praetextatus, Vettius Agorius 216, 253, 254, 269, 525, 545
Praetorian Prefecture 540–541
Praise of Baldness (Synesius of Cyrene) 204
Praise of Folly (Erasmus) 205
praise speeches see panegyrical (laudatory discursive) works
preaching 344, 346, 347, 349, 354 see also sermons
apostolic 345
audiences 352–353
missionary 345
scriptural commentary 345
précis 434, 464
priests 84, 94, 144, 348, 353, 526, 571 see also bishops
and Pahlavi literature 106, 110
Zoroastrian 103, 116, 575
print culture 601
Prior Analytics 525
Priscian 209, 247, 303 and grammar 453, 457, 461, 462, 463, 464
Priscianus, Theodorus 495, 500
Priscus of Panium 155
Prisoner’s Philosophy, The, (Relihan) 282
Pro lege Manilia (Cicero) 212
Proba, Anicia Fultonia 254
Proba, Faltonia Betitia 231, 242, 267, 268, 436, 496
Probus, Petronius 254
Probus, Titius 444
Proclus 249, 304–305
Procopius of Gaza (ca. 465–525) 13, 14, 89, 163, 368, 393, 441 and classicizing of history/historical epitomes 144, 155–156
epigrams and occasional poetry 247, 248
Proculus, L. Aradius Valerius 508–509, 510, 512, 513, 518 statue of 517
Prohaeresius (rhetorician) 77
Prokopios 562
Propempticon ad libellum (Sidonius Apollinaris) 495
Propertius 425
prophecy 345
prose Armenian ecclesiastical and theological works in 79–81
epideictic oratory 193
epitaphios (prose eulogy) 202
free psalmic 248
hagiography 264
and mixed‐meter satire 283
panegyrical works 29
prose fiction, translation 530–532
theological 80–81
and verse see prosimetra
proselytizing 345
prosimetra 281–295 Consolation 285–287
literary shifts in the second century 287–289
mixed‐meter satire 283–285
pre‐Boethian and post‐Boethian traditions 291–292
sympotic literature 289–290
prosopography 510
Prosper, Vatican epitome 182
Prosper of Aquitaine (d. ca. 455) 33, 38, 184, 187, 244, 255, 587
Protagoras (Plato) 297
Protestantism 173, 603, 608
Proverbs 64, 66, 78
Providential History 37
Prudentius (d. ca. 405) 33, 242, 250, 255, 270–271, 273, 587, 614, 635
Psalms 64, 105, 244, 346 and Christian epics 264
and Greek epic poetry 226–227
paraphrase 271
Psellos/Psellus 256, 558, 563, 566, 568
pseudepigraphy (f
alsely‐attributed works) 401–415 alchemical writings 405
ascriptions deliberate or not 402
definitions/terminology 401
forgeries 402, 407, 408–409, 410, 411
genuine religious 407–408
Hellenistic era 403, 405
historical texts 406
imitation of canonical models, in Greek education 403
innocent 408
intentionality 402
late antique pseudepigraphy 404–411
medical, technical and similar texts 404–406
New Testament 531
origins in antiquity 402–404
scholarly canons 403–404
typology 402
Pseudo‐Apuleius 495
Pseudo‐Aristotle 525
Pseudo‐Augustine 453
Pseudo‐Callisthenes 406
Pseudo‐Caper 462
Pseudo‐Clementine 408, 410
Pseudo‐Dionysius 16, 52, 57, 337, 338, 339, 560
Pseudo‐Galen 405
Pseudo‐Isidorian Decretals 411
Pseudo‐Isocrates 473
Pseudo‐Joshua the Stylite 167
Pseudo‐Probus 453
Pseudo‐Soranus 405
Pseudo‐Thessalus 405
Pseudo‐Zachariah 165, 171
Psychomachia (allegorical text by Prudentius) 33, 271
Ptolemy 525, 527, 528, 577
public poems 29
Pus ī Dāneš Kāmag (The Youth in Desire of Knowledge) 108
Pythagoras 525
qāfiya (rhyme of final consonants) 130
qaṣıdas (odes) 130, 133, 135
Quadratus 332
quadriga Messii 460
quadrivium (arithmetic, geometry, astronomy, and music) 27
Quaestiones medicinales 405
quasi‐tragedies 376
Quenneshre, monastery of 54
Querolus (theatrical work) 33
Question 45 (Ambrosiaster) 314, 320
Quintilian 195, 215, 316, 333
Quintus 222
Quodvultdeus of Carthage 352
Qurʾān 123, 124, 136, 137–138, 531–532, 570
Raby, F.J.E. 635