Genius in the Shadows

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by William Lanouette


  Georgetown University School of Medicine, 454

  George Washington University, 185, 305

  Germany and atomic bomb, 140, 180, 206, 221, 243

  Austria annexed by, 172

  bombing of London by, 231

  Czechoslovakia annexed by, 176, 193

  economic collapse of, 104, 118

  inflation in, 65

  inevitability of war with, 126

  Nazis’ rise to power in, 104, 116 1936

  Olympic Games in, 166

  Poland invaded by, 214

  Spartacist revolt in, 48, 54

  Weimar, 99, 249

  in World War I, 37, 40, 59

  Gibbons, John H., 494

  Gibson, Margaret Brenman, 463, 478

  Goebbels, Joseph, 119

  Goethe, Johann Wolfgang von, 24, 29

  Goldberger, Marvin, 474

  Goldhaber, Maurice, 150, 163, 169, 170

  Goldschmidt, Bertrand, 229, 444

  Goodman, Leo, 484

  Goodyear Tire and Rubber Company, 249

  Göttingen University, 124

  Gowing, Margaret, 319

  Gracian, Baltasar, 255

  Grand Hotel (Baum), 14, 159

  Great Depression, 83

  Green, Howard, 412

  Grodzins, Morton, 336, 379, 464

  Gromyko, Andrei, 367

  Groth, Wilhelm, 198

  Groves, Gen. Leslie R., 236, 311, 343, 385

  Guggenheim Foundation, 231

  Gunn, Ross, 194

  Gurdjieff Movement, 350

  Gurinsky, David, 242

  GuteKamerad, Der (magazine), 27

  Haber, Fritz, 59

  Hahn, Otto, 163, 180, 283

  Haldane, John B. S., 100, 110, 386

  Hanford Reservation, 238

  Hanle, Wilhelm, 198

  Hanstein, H. B., 197

  Hapsburgs, 44

  Hardy, G. H., 124

  Harriman, W. Averell, 449, 474

  Harper & Brothers, 407

  Harper’s (magazine), 421

  Harteck, Paul, 198

  Hartog Committee, see Jewish Board of Deputies

  Hartshorne, Charles, 285

  Harvard University, 308

  Law School, 459

  Hauser, Philip, 290

  Hausmann, Gertrude, 330, 344

  Hausmann, Kathy, 330

  Havenner, Franck, 302

  Hawkins, David, 356

  Heidelberg, University of, 122

  Heine, Heinrich, 29

  Heisenberg, Werner, 96, 110, 198, 232, 283

  Heller, Paul, 55

  Henderson, Frances, 313

  Henkin, Lew, 470

  Hershey, Alfred, 398

  Herter, Christian, 432

  Hertz, Gustav, 59

  Hickenlooper, Bourke B., 329, 365

  Higgins, Marguerite, 420

  High Wind in Jamaica, A (Hughes), 350

  Higinbotham, William, 294, 379, 437

  Hilberry, Norman, 244, 270

  Hill, Archibald V., 124, 131, 386

  Hill, R. D., 175

  Hindenburg, Paul von, 116

  Hinter Pflug und Schraubstock (Van Eyck), 36

  Hiroshima, 238, 271, 283–287, 291, 294, 304, 311, 317, 351, 366

  Hirst, Hugo, 144

  Hitchcock, William, 432

  Hitler, Adolf, 55, 92, 116, 144

  Hocking, William, 291

  Hogness, Thorfin, 288

  Holdren, John, 383

  Holiday (magazine), 479

  Holifield, Chet, 295

  Holography, 61, 98

  Holst, Erich von, 402

  Hoover, Com. Gilbert C., 216

  Hoover, Herbert, 104, 173

  Hoover, J. Edgar, 230, 320, 357, 371, 448

  Hopkins, Harry, 227

  Hopkins Marine Station, 393

  Hopwood, F. L., 149

  Horthy, Adm. Miklós, 50

  House of Representatives, US, 289

  Military Affairs Committee, 291, 292, 295, 367

  Un-American Activities Committee (HUAC), 355, 356

  Houtermans, Fritz, 241

  Howell, Charlotte, 349

  Hughes, Richard, 350

  Hume, James P., 260

  Humphrey, Hubert, 376, 422

  Hungarian Association for Mathematics and Physics, 39,

  Hungarian Association of Socialist Students, 48, 49, 54

  Hungary, 438

  end of Dual Monarchy in, 44

  post-World War I unrest in, 48

  Revolution of 1848, 6

  Soviet Union and, 272

  Hutchins, Robert M., 285, 333, 341, 488

  Huxley, Julian, 100, 110, 386, 391

  Hydrogen bomb, 277, 290, 323

  I. G. Farben, 96

  Ickes, Harold, 296

  Idiot, The (Dostoyevski), 72

  Illinois, University of, 174

  Illinois Institute of Technology, 247

  Imperial Chemical Industries (ICI), 149, 171

  Imperial College of Science, 142

  Independent Citizens Committee for the Arts, Sciences, and Professions, 295

  India, 23, 47, 58, 75, 76, 112, 113, 125, 127, 128, 143, 332, 424, 437

  Information theory, 66–68, 338, 339

  Institute for Policy Studies, 472, 479

  Institute for Theoretical Physics (Copenhagen), 110

  International Committee of Intellectual Cooperation, 145

  International Latex Corporation, 335, 347, 404

  International Physicians for the Prevention of Nuclear War, 494

  International Student Service (ISS), 121

  Iran, 382, 424

  Italian Communist party, 439

  Jackson, C. D., 433

  Jacob, François, 390, 408, 471

  Jacobson, Sylvia, 82

  Jánossy, Lajos, 362

  Japan atomic bombing of, 265, 274, 275, 278

  China invaded by, 108

  Pearl Harbor attacked by, 234

  surrender of, 286

  Jastrow, Ignatz, 122

  Jászi, Oszkár, 45

  Jeffries, Zay, 265, 276

  Jewish Board of Deputies, 124

  John XXIII, Pope, 469

  John Birch Society, 489

  Johns Hopkins University, 186

  John Simon Guggenheim Memorial Foundation, 231

  Johnson, Edwin C., 292, 307

  Johnson, Lyndon B., 476

  Joliot-Curie, Frédéric, 141, 170, 220

  Joliot-Curie, Iréne, 141

  Jones, L. W., 126

  Journal of Applied Physics, 214

  Judson, Horace Freeland, 390

  Justice Department, US, 327

  Kac, Mark, 484

  Kahn, Louis, 478

  Kaiserling, Rabbi, 10

  Kaiser Wilhelm Institute, 59, 76, 80, 81, 86, 90, 93, 104, 114, 115, 180, 198, 204, 221, 222

  Kalckar, Herman, 409

  Kapitza, Pyotr, 126, 155

  Kapitza Club, 162, 164

  Kaplan, Martin, 470

  Karl, Emperor, 44

  Karman, Dr., 12

  Karolinska Institute, 411

  Károlyi, Mihály, 45

  Kaysen, Carl, 443, 453, 472, 474

  Keaton, Buster, 81

  Kennan, George, 371, 3764

  Kennedy, John F., 419, 422, 459

  Kennedy, Robert F., 470

  Keresztury, Dr., 167

  Khrushchev, Nikita, 364, 381, 384, 411, 423–424, 426–439, 443, 448–450, 453, 455, 458, 460, 466, 469–471, 474–475

  Killian, James R., 421

  Kinetics, 68

  King, W. L. Mackenzie, 302

  Kirz, Emma, 360

  Kissinger, Henry, 449, 450, 470, 474

  Kistiakowsky, George, 432, 469

  Klein, George, 412

  Klein, Lawrence, 306

  Klopstock, Joseph, 8

  Kluver, Heinrich, 250

  Knopf, Alfred A., 418

  Knowland, William, 296

  Koestler, Arthur
, 82, 352

  Kogel, Dean Marcus, 480

  Korean War, 480

  Kornfeld, Albert (AlbiKorodi), 57

  Koshland, Daniel, 302

  Kossuth, Louis, 18

  Kowarski, Lew, 195

  Kraus, Lili, 100

  Krewer, Semyon, 189

  Krokodil (magazine), 419

  Kuhnwald, Gottfried, 122

  Kun, Bela, 49, 438

  Kuper, J. B. H., 214

  Kurti, Nicholas, 165, 485

  Labour party, British, 123, 304

  Ladenburg, Rudolph, 112, 232

  Lall, Betty Goetz, 488

  Landau, Lev, 82

  Lange, Fritz, 143, 145, 152

  Langsdorf, Alexander, 286, 406

  Langsdorf, Martyl, 286

  Lapp, Ralph, 278

  Laski, Harold, 123, 304

  Laue, Max von, 59, 78, 84, 128, 338

  Laurence, William L., 191, 199, 303

  Lausanne, University of, 76

  Lavender, Capt. Robert A., 258

  Lawrence, Ernest O., 105, 156, 229, 237, 271, 304, 364

  League of Nations, 65, 140, 146

  International Co-operation Section of, 125, 145

  Lebanon, 382

  Lederberg, Esther, 398

  Lederberg, Joshua, 323, 392, 469

  Leghorn, Richard, 380, 422

  Lehman, Kitty, 347

  Lehman Corporation, 207

  Leibniz, Gottfried Wilhelm von, 77

  Leiden University, 129

  Lennox, Edwin, 408, 490

  Lerman, Leonard, 398

  Lerner, Max, 311, 334, 347, 421

  Levi, Edward, 293, 370, 392

  Levi, Kate, 392

  Levi-Montalcini, Rita, 485

  Lewis, Warren K., 251

  Libby, Willard, 471

  Liebowitz, Benjamin, 124, 172, 188, 219, 248, 416

  Liège University, 125

  Life, 363, 367, 385, 415, 421, 445, 451, 452, 491

  Lighthearted Student, The (Bryher and Weiss), 76

  Lilienthal, David, 290, 329, 366

  Lilly, John C., 410, 424

  Limited Test Ban Treaty, 452

  Lincoln, Abraham, 479

  Lindbergh, Charles, 208

  Lindemann, Frederick A. (later Lord Cherwell), 149, 256

  Linear accelerator, 105

  Ling, Don, 470

  Lippmann, Walter, 294, 365, 368, 376

  Litván, Josef, 438

  Liverpool University, 143

  Livingston, Robert, 410, 418, 470, 490

  Lloyd, Harold, 81

  Logan Act, 371, 443

  London, University of, 127, 131, 142, 149, 152, 386

  London blitz, 231

  London School of Economics (LSE), 122, 304

  London Times, The, 136

  Looking Backward (Bellamy), 36, 196

  Look (magazine), 423

  Lorenz, Konrad, 402

  Los Alamos Laboratory, 263, 313, 356

  Lovett, Robert A., 371

  Lozada, Enrique de, 348

  Luce, Clare Boothe, 302

  Lukács, George, 362

  Luria, Salvador, 323, 387, 398, 446

  Lustig, Sigmund, see Vidor, Sigmund

  Lwoff, André, 390

  Lyons, Leonard, 316

  Maas, Werner K., 399

  McCarthy, Joseph, 329, 357

  McCloy, John J., 443

  MacDuffie, Marshall, 371, 427

  McGee, Gale, 489

  McGovern, George, 465

  McGraw-Hill, 294

  McKellar, Kenneth, 296

  MacLeish, Archibald, 372

  Macleod, John James Richard, 263

  McMahon, Brien, 289, 297, 313

  McNamara, Robert, 466, 479

  Macpherson, Annie Winifred, 76

  Macpherson, Kenneth, 76

  Madách, Imre, 24

  Manchester Guardian, 145

  Manchester University, 115

  Mandl, Otto, 99, 109

  Manhattan Project, 181, 187, 229, 236, 237, 244, 251, 258, 262, 263, 267, 271, 273, 276, 279, 286, 288, 290, 294, 300, 303–305, 311, 313, 316, 319–321, 337, 343, 349, 354, 356, 358, 359, 367, 369, 379, 385, 386, 412, 422, 437, 447, 463, 471, 487

  Mann, Norene, 322

  March of Dimes, 407

  March of Time (film series), 305, 367

  Marcus, Philip, 404

  Mark, Hermann, 77, 80, 85, 93, 121, 153, 398

  Mark, Mimi, 80

  Marschak, Jacob, 80, 122, 306, 326, 330

  Marshall, Gen. George C., 274

  Marshall, John, Jr., 233, 246, 259

  Marshall, Leona Woods, 259

  Marx, Samuel, 367

  Massachusetts Institute of Technology(MIT), 389

  “Massive retaliation,” 376, 382

  Mathematics programming, 80

  Max und Moritz (Busch), 36

  Maxwell, James Clerk, 64

  Maxwell’s demon, 60, 63–68, 339, 412, 485

  May, Andrew Jackson, 292

  May, Elaine, 463

  May, Karl, 27

  Mayer, Joseph, 359

  May-Johnson bill, 293, 295, 296, 297, 299–302, 304, 306, 307, 312, 313,

  Meier, Richard L., 403

  Mein Kampf (Hitler), 93

  Meitner, Lise, 104, 105, 107, 109, 145, 152, 163, 183, 197

  Memorial Hospital, see Sloan-Kettering Memorial Cancer Center

  Mendel, Gregor, 391

  Menke, John, 337

  Menshikov, Mikhail A., 427

  Meselson, Matthew, 401, 489, 495

  Metro-Goldwyn-Mayer, 305

  Meyers, R. C., 186

  Michigan, University of, 200

  Microbe Hunters, The (de Kruif), 109, 386

  Midwest Phage, Marching and Chowder Society, 398

  Miller, Byron, 303

  Millikan, Robert A., 156, 173

  Millikan, Eugene D., 306

  Mises, Richard von, 60

  Molecular biology, 323, 338, 386, 387, 388, 390, 398, 409, 411, 449, 473

  Molnár, Ferenc, 81

  Molotov, Vyacheslav, 308

  Monod, Jacques, 326, 389, 471, 494

  Moore, Thomas V., 245

  Morgan, Edward P., 419

  Morrison, Philip, 278, 294, 355, 365, 383, 389

  Morse, Wayne, 472

  Mossadegh, Mohammad, 382

  Muller, Hermann J., 466

  Muller, Steven, 474

  Mundt, Karl, 465

  Munich Pact, 176

  Murray, Gilbert, 145, 146

  Murray, Lady, 145

  Murray, Thomas, 420, 444

  Murrow, Edward R., 420, 447

  Mussolini, Benito, 166

  Nagasaki, 238, 271, 283, 285, 287

  Nation, The, 308

  National Academy of Sciences (NAS), 156, 227, 233, 234, 445, 446

  Proceedings of, 484

  National Association of Engineers, 23

  National Bureau of Standards, 216, 226, 228, 301

  National Carbon Company, 202, 203, 228

  National Committee for Atomic Information (NCAI), 364

  National Committee for Civilian Control of Atomic Energy, 333

  National Defense Research Committee (NDRC), 227

  National Institutes of Health (NIH), 356, 394, 409, 418

  National Live Stock and Meat Board, 173

  National Science Foundation (NSF), 324, 406, 407

  National Security Council, 446, 453

  Nature (magazine), 136, 138, 141, 151–153, 161, 164, 194, 197, 198, 411

  Navy, US, 468, 469

  Navy Department, US, 296

  Nazis, 55, 105, 113, 116, 117, 119, 120, 122, 126, 140, 172, 195, 216, 221, 260, 438

  propaganda of, 166

  rise to power of, 116, 126

  NBC, 319, 421

  Nehru, Jawaharlal, 351

  Nernst, Walther, 59, 149

  Neutrality Act, 214, 215

  New American Library (NAL), 418

  New Deal, 207, 272

&nb
sp; New Jersey Bell Telephone Company, 290

  Newman, Arnold, 479

  Newman, James, 296, 297

  New Republic, The, 372, 451, 453

  New Scientist (magazine), 399

  Newsweek, 189, 194, 257, 258, 373, 391, 396, 399, 419, 421, 456, 462, 465

  Newtonian physics, 59

  New York Academy of Sciences, 346

  New York Herald Tribune, the, 348, 365, 426, 445

  New York Hospital, 413

  New York Newspaper Guild, 421

  New York Post, 303, 316, 421

  New York Times, the, 189, 191, 199, 221, 301, 303, 306, 337, 348, 365, 375, 427, 462, 491

  New York University, 89, 108, 124, 143, 188, 229, 337, 399, 412

  New York World’s Fair, 204

  Nichols, Col. Kenneth D., 275

  Nichols, Mike, 463

  Nickson, James J., 414 1984 (Orwell), 330

  Nixon, Richard, 334

  Nobel Prize, 59, 78, 92, 98, 132, 142, 155, 156, 180, 181, 198, 229, 326, 386, 390, 399, 436, 494

  Nolde, Emil, 82

  Non-proliferation of Nuclear Weapons Treaty (1968), 383

  North Atlantic Treaty Organization (NATO), 332, 373

  Novick, Aaron, 328, 330, 334, 341, 385, 484

  Nuclear Development Associates, 337

  Oak Ridge, 238, 277, 280, 288, 294–297, 300, 302, 316, 412

  O’Donnell, Kenneth, 448

  Office of Scientific Research and Development, 260, 279

  Office of War Mobilization and Reconversion, 303

  Office of Technology Assessment (OTA), 494

  Oliphant, Mark, 146, 151, 233, 379

  Olympic Games, 166

  O’Neill, John J., 365

  One World or None (book), 320, 358, 365, 366

  Open Conspiracy, The (Wells), 99

  Oppenheimer, Frank, 278

  Oppenheimer, J. Robert, 263, 313, 356, 364

  Oram, Harold, 367, 370, 462

  Oregon, University of, 412, 463

  Orgel, Leslie, 395, 401, 486

  Orlans, Harold, 473

  Orwell, George, 330

  Outland, George, 295

  Oxford University, 149, 154, 173

  Clarendon Laboratory, 149

  Pacifica radio network, 463

  Pageant magazine, 462

  Palatine Joseph Technical University, 39

  Pan American Health Organization, 454, 479

  Paramount, 305

  Paris, University of, 125

  Pasternak, Boris, 439

  Pasteur Institute, 389, 400, 404, 412, 471

  Patton, James, 464

  Pauli, Wolfgang, 110

  Pauling, Linus, 379, 412

  Pearl Harbor, 222, 234

  Pearson, Drew, 365

  Pearson, Lester, 302

  Pegram, George B., 181

  Peloponnesian War, 36, 332

  Pendergast, Tom, 271

  Penn, Arthur, 463

  Perazich, George N., 355

  Perrin, Jean Baptiste, 254

  Philipsborn, Gerda, 75, 76, 82, 113

  Physical Review, 175, 197, 201, 221, 226

  Physiology (McLeod), 263

  Pickler, Julius, 45

  PIC magazine, 233

  Pinchot, Cornelia, 301

  Pinchot, Gifford, 301

  Pinkson, Ruth, 464, 471

 

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