The Myths of Mexico & Peru (Illustrated) (Myths and Legends of the Ancient World Book 5)

Page 36

by Spence,Lewis

TECUMBALAM. Bird in the Kiche story of the creation, 209

TELPOCHTLI (The Youthful Warrior). A name of Tezcatlipoca, 66

TEMACPALCO. Place mentioned in the myth of Quetzalcoatl’s journey to Tlapallan, 65

TEMALACATL. The Mexican gladiatorial stone of combat, 100

TEMPLE OF THE CROSS NO. I, THE, at Palenque, 185, 186;

No. II, 186

TEMPLE OF INSCRIPTIONS, THE, at Palenque, 185

TEMPLE OF THE SUN, THE.

I. At Palenque, 185.

II. At Tikal, 196

TENAYUCAN. Chichimec city, 26

TENOCHTITLAN. Same as Mexico, which see

Teo-Amoxtli (Divine Book). A Nahua native chronicle, 45–46

TEOCALLI. The Mexican temple, 30

TEOCUINANI. Mountain; sacred to Tlaloc, 77

TEOHUATZIN. High-priest of Huitzilopochtli, 75

TEOTIHUACAN. Sacred city of the Toltecs, 18, 47;

the fiend at the convention at, 18;

the Mecca of the Nahua races, 32;

architectural remains at, 32, 33;

rebuilt by Xolotl, Chichimec king, 33;

Charnay’s excavations at, 33

TEOTLECO (Coming of the Gods). Mexican festival, 68–69

TEOYAOMINQUI. Name given to the image of Chicomecohuatl by early investigators, 88;

Payne on the error, 88–90

TEPEOLOTLEC. A distortion of the name of Tepeyollotl, 102

TEPEYOLLOTL (Heart of the Mountain). A god of desert places, 102–103;

called Tepeolotlec, 102

TEPOXTECATL. The pulque-god of Tepoztlan, 105, 117

TEPOZTLAN. Mexican city, 105

TEQUECHMECAUIANI. A pulque-god, 104

TEQUIUA. Disguise of Tezcatlipoca, 63

TERNAUX-COMPANS, H. Cited, 4

TETEOINNAN (Mother of the Gods). Mexican maize-goddess, known also as Tocitzin, and identical with Centeotl the mother, 85, 90

TEZCATLIPOCA (Fiery Mirror). Same as Titlacahuan and Tlamatzincatl. The Mexican god of the air, the Jupiter of the Nahua pantheon, 37, 59, 67;

tribal god of the Tezcucans, 59;

development of the conception, 59–60;

in legends of the overthrow of Tollan, 60;

adversary of Quetzalcoatl, 60, 79;

plots against Quetzalcoatl, and overcomes him, 60–61;

as Toueyo, and the daughter of Uemac, 61–62;

and the dance at the feast in Tollan, 63;

as Tequiua, and the garden of Xochitla, 63;

and the legend of the amusing infant and the pestilence, 63–64;

as Nezahualpilli, 66;

as Yaotzin, 66;

as Telpochtli, 66;

as usually depicted, 66;

Aztec conception of, as wind-god, 66;

as Yoalli Ehecatl, 66;

extent and development of the cult of, 67–68;

as Moneneque, 67;

and the Teotleco festival, 68–69;

the Toxcatl festival of, 69–70, 74;

in the character of Tlazolteotl, 107, 108

TEZCOTZINCO. The villa of Nezahualcoyotl, 133–136

TEZCUCO.

I. Chichimec city, 26, 47;

rivalry with Azcapozalco, 49;

its hegemony, 49;

conquered by Tecpanecs, 51;

allied with Aztecs, 52;

Tezcatlipoca the tribal god, 59;

the story of Nezahualcoyotl, the prince of, 125–128.

II. Lake, 26;

in legend of the foundation of Mexico, 28;

the cities upon, 47, 49–50

TEZOZOMOC, F. DE A. On Mexican mythology, 58

THEOZAPOTLAN. Mexican city, 203

THLINGIT. Indian tribe, 83

THOMAS, PROFESSOR C. Research on Maya writing, 162;

on God L, 176

THOMAS, ST. The Apostle; Cortés believed to be, 7;

associated with the Maya cross, 187, 275;

and the wooden cross found in the valley of the Chichas, 274

THONAPA. Son of the creator in Peruvian myth; in connection with stone-worship, 293;

myths of, 319–320

THUNDER-GOD, Peruvian, 299–302

TIAHUANACO. Prehistoric city of the Andeans, 249–250;

the great doorway at, 249;

in a legend of Manco Ccapac, 256;

in Inca creation-myth, 258;

and legend of Thonapa the Civiliser, 293

TIÇOTZICATZIN. In the story of Princess Papan, 140

TIKAL. Maya city; architectural remains at, 196

TITICACA.

I. Lake, 249;

settlements of the Quichua-Aymara on the shores of, 254;

Manco Ccapac and Mama Oullo Huaca descend to earth near, 256;

regarded by Peruvians as place where men and animals were created, 298;

called Mamacota by people of the Collao, 298;

idols connected with, 298–299.

II. Island on Lake Titicaca;

the most sacred of the Peruvian shrines, 270;

ruined palace on, 270;

sacred rock on, the paccarisca of the sun, 293, 309;

sun-worship and the Rock of Titicaca, 309–311;

the Inca Tupac and the Rock, 309–310;

effect on the island of the Inca worship of the Rock, 310;

pilgrimage to, 310–311;

Thonapa on, 320

TITLACAHUAN. Same as Tezcatlipoca, which see

TITLACAHUAN-TEZCATLIPOCA, 123

TIYA-MANACU. Town in Peru; Thonapa at, 320

TLACAHUEPAN. Mexican deity; plots against Quetzalcoatl, 60;

and the legend of the amusing infant and the pestilence, 63–64

TLACHTLI. National ball-game of the Nahua and Maya, 33, 220, 224, 227

TLACOPAN. Mexican city, 26, 50;

Aztecs allied with, 52

TLAELQUANI (Filth-eater). A name of Tlazolteotl, which see

TLALHUICOLE. Tlascalan warrior; the story of, 136–138

TLALOC. The Mexican rain-god,or god of waters, 29, 75;

and the foundation of Mexico, 29;

in association with Huitzilopochtli, 74;

as usually represented, 75–76;

espoused to Chalchihuitlicue, 75;

Tlalocs his offspring, 75;

Kiche god Hurakan his prototype, 76;

manifestations of, 76;

festivals of, 77;

human sacrifice in connection with, 76–77;

and Atamalqualiztli festival, 77–78;

similarities to, in other mythologies, 78

TLALOCAN (The Country of Tlaloc). Abode of Tlaloc, 76

TLALOCS. Gods of moisture; and Huemac II, 16;

offspring of Tlaloc, 75

TLALXICCO (Navel of the Earth). Name of the abode of Mictlan, 95

TLAMATZINCATL. Same as Tezcatlipoca, which see

TLAPALLAN (The Country of Bright Colours). Legendary region, 11;

Nahua said to have originated at, 11;

the Toltecs and, 11;

Quetzalcoatl proceeds to, from Tollan, 64–65, 79

TLAPALLAN, HUEHUE (Very Old Tlapallan). In Toltec creation-myth, 119

TLAPALLANTZINCO. Place in Mexico; Toltecs at, 12

TLASCALA (or TLAXCALLAN). Mexican city, 47, 48;

and the “bloodless battle” with Mexico, 48, 98, 99;

decline, 49

TLASCALANS. Mexican race, offshoot of the Acolhuans, 26;

helped Cortés against Aztecs, 26, 47

TLAUIZCALPANTECUTLI (Lord of the Dawn). Name of the planet Venus; myth of Quetzalcoatl and, 80, 96;

Quetzalcoatl called, 84;

worship of, 96;

in the Mexican calendar, 96

TLAXCALLAN. Same as Tlascala, which see

TLAZOLTEOTL (God of Ordure) (or TLAELQUANI). Mexican goddess of confession, 106–108

TLENAMACAC (Ordinary Priests). Lesser order of the Mexican priesthood, 116

TLOQUE NAHUAQUE (
Lord of All Existence). Toltec deity, 119

TOBACCO. Use of, among the Nahua, 45

TOCHTEPEC. Place in Mexico; Toltecs at, 12

TOCITZIN (Our Grandmother). See Teteoinnan

TOHIL (The Rumbler). Form of Quetzalcoatl, 84;

guides the Kiche-Maya to their first city, 152;

the god assigned to Balam-Quitze in the Kiche myth of the creation, 230;

gives fire to the Kiche, 230–231;

turned into stone, 231

TOLLAN. Toltec city, modern Tula; founded, 13, 26;

its magnificence, 14;

afflicted by the gods, 16–17;

Huehuetzin’s rebellions, 18, 19;

overthrown, 19;

Charnay’s excavations at, 34;

Tezcatlipoca and the overthrow of, 60;

Quetzalcoatl leaves, 64, 79

TOLLANTZINCO. City of the Acolhuans, 48;

Toltecs at, 12

TOLTECS. First Nahua immigrants to Mexico, 11;

whether a real or a mythical race, 11, 20–22;

at Tlapallan, 11, 12;

migration route, 12;

their migration a forced one, 12;

imaginative quality of their myths, 13;

elect a king, 14;

progress in arts and crafts, 14, 23;

under plagues, 17;

their empire destroyed, 19, 20;

and the civilisation of Central America, 20;

Dr. Brinton’s theory, 21;

Quetzalcoatl king of, 21;

possible influence upon Nahua civilisation, 22;

Acolhuans may have been, 26;

Tezcatlipoca opposes, and plots against, 60–65;

and creation-myth recounted by Ixtlilxochitl, 119;

theory that the Maya were, 143

TONACACIUATL (Lady of our Flesh). A name of Omeciuatl, which see

TONACATECUTLI (Lord of our Flesh). A name of Ometecutli, which see

TONALAMATL (Book of the Calendar), 107

Torito. A bird-maiden; in the myth of origin of the Canaris, 319

TORQUEMADA, FATHER. His work on Mexican lore, 57;

on Mitla, 199

TOTEC (Our Great Chief). A sun-god, 101–102;

his feast, the chief solar festival, 101–102

TOTEMISM. Among the primitive Peruvians, 291–292

TOTONACS. Aboriginal Mexican race, 23;

and the sun, 82

TOUEYO. Tezcatlipoca’s disguise, 61–63

TOVEYO. Toltec sorcerer; and the magic drum, 16

TOXCATL. Festival; of Tezcatlipoca, 69–70;

of Huitzilopochtli, 74

TOXILMOLPILIA. Mexican calendar ceremony; and the native dread of the last day, 41

TROANO CODEX. Maya manuscript, 160;

Dr. Le Plongeon and the reference to Queen Móo in, 246

TUCUMAN (World’s End). Name given by the Quichua-Aymara to their land of origin, 254

TULAN (or TULAN-ZUIVA). City; the starting-point of the Kiche migrations, 157–158, 231;

the Kiche arrive at, and receive their gods, 230;

parallel with the Mexican Chicomoztoc, 230;

the Kiche confounded in their speech at, 231

TUMIPAMPA. Sometime centre of the northern district of Peru, 286, 289, 290

TUPAC-ATAU-HUALLPA (The Sun makes Good Fortune). Son of Huaina Ccapac, 289

TUPAC-YUPANQUI (Bright). Tenth Inca, son of Pachacutic, 252–253, 287–288;

achievements as ruler, 287;

and the Huarcans, 288;

and the Rock of Titicaca, 309–310

TUTUL XIUS. Ruling caste among the Itzaes; found Ziyan Caan and Chichen-Itza, 153;

expelled from Chichen-Itza by Cocomes, 153;

settle in Potonchan, build Uxmal, and regain power, 154;

again overthrown, and found Mani, 155;

finally assist in conquering the Cocomes, 156

TZITZIMIMES. Demons attendant on Mictlan, 96

TZOMPANTITLAN. Place mentioned in the myth of Huitzilopochtli’s origin, 71

TZOMPANTLI (Pyramid of Skulls). Minor temple of Huitzilopochtli, 31

TZUNUNIHA (House of the Water). One of the first women of the Popol Vuh myth, 230

TZUTUHILS. A Maya people of Guatemala, 158, 159

U

UAYAYAB. Demon who presided over the nemontemi (unlucky days), 177;

God N identified with, 177

UEMAC. Tezcatlipoca and the daughter of, 61–63

UITZLAMPA. Place in Mexico; in myth of Huitzilopochtli’s origin, 72

URCO-INCA. Inca superseded by Pachacutic, 284

URICAECHEA, M. His collection of Chibcha antiquities, 277

UXMAL. Mexican city, founded by Tutul Xius, 154;

abandoned, 155;

ruins at, 191–194;

primitive type of its architecture, 194

V

VATICAN MSS., 37;

description of the journey of the soul in, 37–38

VEGA, GARCILASSO EL INCA DE LA. Hist. des Incas, cited, 7;

on the gods of the early Peruvians, 291

VENUS. The planet; worship of, 96–97;

the only star worshipped by Mexicans, 96;

Camaxtli identified with, 111;

temple of, at Cuzco, 262

VERA CRUZ. Quetzalcoatl lands at, 6

VERAPAZ. District in Guatemala, 158

VETANCURT, A. DE. On Mexican mythology, 58

VILLA-COTO. Mountain; in a Peruvian flood-myth, 323–324

VILLAGUTIERRE, J. DE SOTO-MAYOR. And the prophecy of Chilan Balam, 8

VIOLLET-LE-DUC, E. On the ruined palace at Mitla, 197

VIRACOCHA.

I. Eighth Inca, 284, 318.

II. Peruvian deity;

temple of, at Cacha, 270;

regarded as son of the sun, 306;

worshipped by Quichua-Aymara as a culture hero, and called Pachayachachic, 307.

III. A higher class of sacred objects of the Peruvians, 294.

IV. Name given to any more than usually sacred being, 301

VITZILLOPOCHTLI. Same as Huitzilopochtli; in an Aztec migration-myth, 233

VOC. A bird, the messenger of Hurakan; in Popol Vuh myth, 225

VOTAN. Maya god, identical with Tepeyollotl; God L probably is, 176

VUKUB-CAKIX (Seven-times-the-colour-of-fire). A sun-and-moon god (Dr. Seler); in a Kiche myth recounted in the Popol Vuh, 210–213;

possibly an earth-god, 237

VUKUB-CAME. One of the rulers of Xibalba, the Kiche Hades, 220, 221, 224

VUKUB-HUNAPU. Son of Xpiyacoc and Xmucane; in the myth in the second book of the Popol Vuh, 220–221, 224, 225, 227

W

“WALLUM OLUM.” Records of the Leni-Lenape Indians; a migration-myth in, resembles Kiche and Aztec myths, 233–234

WIND-NINE-CAVE. Mixtec deity; in creation-myth, 120–121, 122

WIND-NINE-SNAKE. Mixtec deity; in creation-myth, 120–121, 122

WOMEN OF THE SUN. Women dedicated to the service of the sun in Peru, 308

WRITING. Of the Nahua, 34–35;

of the Maya, 159–166;

Dr. Le Plongeon and the Maya hieroglyphs, 239

X

XALAQUIA.

I. Festival of Chicomecohuatl, 86–87.

II. The victim sacrificed at the Xalaquia festival, 87, 90

XALISCO. District in Mexico Toltecs in, 12

XALTOCAN. Mexican city, 50

XAN. An animal mentioned in Popol Vuh myth, 225

XAQUIXAHUANA. Place in Peru, 284

XAUXA. Place in Peru, 285

XBAKIYALO. Wife of Hunhun-Apu, 220

XBALANQUE (Little Tiger). A hero-god, twin with Hun-Apu; in a Kiche myth, 211–219;

in the myth in the second book of the Popol Vuh, 220, 223–227;

mentioned, 237

XECOTCOVACH. Bird in the Kiche story of the creation, 209

XIBALBA.

I. A semi-legendary empire of the Maya, 144.

&nb
sp; II. The Kiche Hades, “Place of Phantoms”; in the myth in the second book of the Popol Vuh, 220–222, 225–227;

possible origin of the conception, 229;

properly a “place of the dead,” 229;

origin of the name, 229

XIBALBANS. In the myth in the second book of the Popol Vuh, 221, 225–227;

the originals of, 228–229;

nature of, 229

XILONEN. Form of Chicomecohuatl, 85

XIMENES, FRANCISCO. Copied and translated the Popol Vuh, 207

XIPE (The Flayed). Mexican god, 91–92;

his dress assumed by Aztec monarchs and leaders, 91–92;

Xolotl has affinities with, 95;

God A thought to resemble, 174

XIUHTECUTLI (Lord of the Year). A name of the Mexican fire-god, 95

XIUMALPILLI. In Mexican calendar, 40

XIYAN CAAN. City in Yucatan, 153

XMUCANE (Female Vigour). The mother-god in the Kiche story of the creation in the Popol Vuh, 209;

in the Vukub-Cakix myth, 212–213;

in the myth in the second book of the Popol Vuh, 220–225;

equivalent to the Mexican Omeciuatl, 236

XOCHICALCO (The Hill of Flowers). A teocalli near Tezcuco, 33–34

XOCHIMILCOS. Aztec tribe, 233

XOCHIPILLI. A name of Macuilxochitl, which see

XOCHITLA. A flower-garden near Tollan; the legend of Tezcatlipoca and, 63

XOCHITONAL. Monster in the Mexican Other-world, 38

XOCHIYAYOTL (The War of Flowers). Campaign for the capture of victims for sacrifice, 98–99, 100

XOLOTL.

I. King of the Chichimecs, 20;

Teotihuacan rebuilt by, 33.

II. A sun-god, 93–94;

of southern origin and foreign to Mexico, 93;

probably identical with Nanahuatl, 93;

representative of human sacrifice, 93;

has affinities with Xipe, 93;

representations of, 94

XPIYACOC. The father god in the Popol Vuh story of the creation, 209;

in the Vukub-Cakix myth, 212–213;

in the myth in the second book of the Popol Vuh, 220;

equivalent to the Mexican Ometecutli, 236

XQUIQ (Blood). A princess of Xibalba, daughter of Cuchumaquiq; in Popol Vuh myth, 222

XULU. A sorcerer mentioned in Popol Vuh myth, 227

Y

YACATECUTLI. Tutelar god of travellers of the merchant class in Mexico, 114;

the Maya Ekchuah probably parallel with, 177

YAHUARHUACCAC. Seventh Inca, 283

YAHUAR-PAMPA (Plain of Blood). Battle of, 285

YAMQUISUPA. Village; Thonapa and, 319

YANACACA. Rocks; in a myth of Paricaca, 327

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