After the Fall
Page 25
11. “Nixon’s Nemesis: Political Prankster Dick Tuck Dead at 94,” Tucson Sentinel, May 29, 2018.
12. Nixon post-presidential papers.
13. Anson, Exile: The Unquiet Oblivion of Richard Nixon, 197.
14. Jonathan Aitken, Nixon: A Life (Washington, Regnery 1993), 544.
15. Ibid., 546.
16. Ibid., 547.
17. Ibid.
18. Ibid., 552.
19. Stephen Ambrose, Nixon: Ruin and Recovery 1972–1990 (New York: Simon & Schuster), 522.
20. William F. Buckley, National Review, December 22, 1978.
21. Nixon post-presidential papers.
Chapter Eight: The Move to New York
1. Author interview of Hugh Hewitt, July 9, 2011.
2. Ibid.
3. Conrad Black, Richard Nixon: A Life in Full (New York, PublicAffairs 2007), 1,021.
4. Stephen Ambrose, Nixon: Ruin and Recovery 1972–1990 (New York: Simon & Schuster), 525.
5. Ibid., 526.
6. Ibid., 526.
7. Nixon post-presidential papers.
8. Ibid.
9. Author interview of Loie Gaunt, April 5, 2011.
10. Author interview of Ken Khachigian, April 3, 2011.
11. “The Ex-President’s Men Reunite at San Clemente,” New York Times, September 4, 1979.
12. Nixon post-presidential papers.
Chapter Nine: The 1980 Election
1. Author interview of Ken Khachigian, April 3, 2011.
2. “Nixon and Walters,” Washington Post, May 9, 1980.
3. Author interview of Ken Khachigian.
4. Author interview of Ed Cox, August 1, 2009.
5. Author interview of Robert Odle, November 10, 2008.
6. Washington Post, July 28, 1980.
7. Richard M. Nixon, letter to the editor, New York Times, July 17, 1980.
8. “Why Nixon Believes We Are Losing the Race on Land, on Sea and in the Air,” Parade, October 5, 1980.
9. Nixon post-presidential papers.
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. Ibid.
14. Ibid.
15. Robert Sam Anson, Exile: The Unquiet Oblivion of Richard Nixon (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984), 238.
Chapter Ten: Advisor to the President
1. Nixon post-presidential papers.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. Robert Sam Anson, Exile: The Unquiet Oblivion of Richard Nixon (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984), 252.
11. Nixon post-presidential papers.
12. Ibid.
Chapter Eleven: A Home for the Nixon Library
1. New York Times, April 27, 1975, https://www.nytimes.com/1975/04/27/archives/nixon-library-plan-hailed-at-usc.html.
2. Bill Peterson, “Nixon Library Proposal Stirs Ruckus at Duke,” Washington Post, August 31, 1981, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1981/08/31/nixon-library-proposal-stirs-ruckus-at-duke/547961ee-8ea1-4464-bb2c-16dce23a85a3/?utm_term=.d605acde0252.
3. Ibid.
4. Judith Cummings, “San Clemente Eager for Nixon Library,” New York Times, May 28, 1983, https://www.nytimes.com/1983/05/28/us/san-clemente-eager-for-nixon-library.html.
5. Mariann Hansen, “San Clemente Closes Book with Finger-Pointing,” Los Angeles Times, November 29, 1987, https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1987-11-29-me-25421-story.html
6. Ibid.
Chapter Twelve: Navigating the Turbulence
1. Richard Nixon, Leaders (New York, Random House 1982), 8.
2. Telford Taylor, “A President on His Peers,” New York Times, October 31, 1982, http://movies2.nytimes.com/books/98/06/14/specials/nixon-leaders.html.
3. Nixon post-presidential papers.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid.
Chapter Thirteen: The Evil Empire
1. Anthony Lewis, “Abroad at Home; Onward, Christian Soldiers,” New York Times, March 10, 1983, https://www.nytimes.com/1983/03/10/opinion/abroad-at-home-onward-christian-soldiers.html.
2. Nixon post-presidential papers.
3. Ibid.
4. Jonathan Aitken, Nixon: A Life (Washington: Regnery, 1993), 556.
5. Nixon post-presidential papers.
Chapter Fourteen: The 1984 Election
1. Morley Safer, CBS, April 8, 1984.
2. Nixon post-presidential papers.
3. Ibid.
4. New York Times, May 10, 1984, https://www.nytimes.com/1984/05/10/us/nixon-wins-applause-from-newspaper-editors.html.
5. Jonathan Friendly, “Nixon Wins Applause from Newspaper Editors,” New York Times, July 26, 1984, https://www.nytimes.com/1984/07/26/us/nixon-returns-for-kitchen-debate.html.
6. John Herbers, “After Decade, Nixon Is Gaining Favor,” New York Times, August 5, 1984.
7. Nixon post-presidential papers.
8. Ibid.
9. Ibid.
10. Ibid.
11. Ibid.
Chapter Fifteen: The Sage of Saddle River
1. “He’s Back: The Rehabilitation of Richard Nixon,” Newsweek, May 1986.
2. “Lunch Visit by Nixon Thrills a Burger King,” New York Times, April 4, 1986, https://www.nytimes.com/1986/04/04/nyregion/lunch-visit-by-nixon-thrills-a-burger-king.html.
3. Gary Lee, “Nixon Meets with Gorbachev,” Washington Post, July 19, 1986. https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1986/07/19/nixon-meets-with-gorbachev/4ddd28e0-f1e4-4164-9008-76e09a342e60/?utm_term=.c6278735dae4.
4. Nixon post-presidential papers.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Ibid.
9. Bill Peterson, “Nixon: This Isn’t a Watergate,” Washington Post, December 10, 1986, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/politics/1986/12/10/nixon-this-isnt-a-watergate/db343ba0-2f74-4b86-b11e-b83b0fcfb6df/?utm_term=.3936da9455e7.
10. Nixon post-presidential papers.
11. Linda Kay, “Nixon on Hayes: ‘Not an Ordinary Man,’ ” Chicago Tribune, March 18, 1987, https://www.chicagotribune.com/news/ct-xpm-1987-03-18-8701210563-story.html
Chapter Sixteen: The Public Critic
1. Richard M. Nixon and Henry Kissinger, “To Withdraw Missiles, We Must Add Conditions,” Los Angeles Times, April 26, 1987.
2. James Reston, “Washington; Nixon and Kissinger,” New York Times, April 29, 1987, https://www.nytimes.com/1987/04/29/opinion/washington-nixon-and-kissinger.html?mtrref=www.google.com&gwh=E0DC7E4A53EAA69BE372B9C264B44DBE&gwt.
3. Nixon post-presidential papers.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.
7. Jonathan Aitken, Nixon: A Life (Washington: Regnery, 1993), 556.
8. Ibid., 556.
9. Jake H. Thompson, Bob Dole: The Republicans’ Man For All Seasons (New York, Donald I. Fine, 1994), 223.
10. Nixon post-presidential papers.
11. Ibid.
12. Ibid.
13. Aitken, Nixon, 565.
14. Paul Kennedy, “Richard Nixon’s Vision of the Future,” Washington Post, April 17, 1988, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/entertainment/books/1988/04/17/richard-nixons-vision-of-the-future/cd99c040-2781-40c1-bd00-c40608fd9511/?utm_term=.2da478b75343.
15. David Johnston, “Nixon’s Big Regret: Bombing Delay,” New York Times, April 11, 1988, https://www.nytimes.com/1988/04/11/us/nixon-s-big-regret-bombing-delay.html?mtrref=www.google.com&gwh=4804A5DC85C24A0CEF0E288D949196E6&gwt=pay.
16. George Will, “Détente, Reagan-Style,” Washington Post, May 26, 1988, https://www.washingtonpost.com/archive/opinions/1988/05/26/detente-reagan-style/144d71e1-cf2c-4b82-aa67-c599fab804b1/?utm_term=.fb6e93327d38.
17. Nixon post-presidential papers.
18. Richard Nixon, “Dealing with Gorbachev,” New York Times Magazine, March 1988, https://www.nytimes.com/1988
/03/13/magazine/dealing-with-gorbachev.html?mtrref=www.google.com&gwh=8A86D9AC885B6115D5BA997641A6B6EA&gwt=pay.
Chapter Seventeen: The 1988 Election and the Bush Administration
1. Nixon post-presidential papers.
2. Ibid.
3. Ibid.
4. Ibid.
5. Ibid.
6. Ibid.
7. Ibid.
8. Celestine Bohlen, “Commuter Nixon Pulling Out of Manhattan,” New York Times, September 22, 1988, https://www.nytimes.com/1988/09/22/nyregion/commuter-nixon-pulling-out-of-manhattan.html.
9. Michael Korda, “Nixon, Mine Host,” New Yorker, May 1994, https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/1994/05/09/nixon-mine-host.
10. Richard M. Nixon, “China Policy: Revulsion Real, Reprisal Wrong,” Los Angeles Times, June 25, 1989, https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-1989-06-25-op-6087-story.html.
11. Nixon post-presidential papers.
12. Andrew Rosenthal, “Nixon Tells of China at White House Dinner,” New York Times, November 7, 1989, https://www.nytimes.com/1989/11/07/world/nixon-tells-of-china-at-white-house-dinner.html.
13. John F. Stacks and Strobe Talbott, “Interview with Richard Nixon. Paying the Price,” Time, April 2, 1990, http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,969732-1,00.html
14. Richard Nixon, In the Arena: A Memoir of Victory, Defeat and Renewal, (New York, Simon & Schuster 1990), 72.
15. Ibid., 336.
16. Ibid., 354.
17. Ibid., 42–43.
18. Nixon post-presidential papers.
19. R. W. Apple, “Another Nixon Summit, at His Library,” New York Times, July 20, 1990, https://www.nytimes.com/1990/07/20/us/another-nixon-summit-at-his-library.html.
20. Ibid.
21. Author interview of Richard Norton Smith, September 20, 2010.
22. Jonathan Aitken, Nixon: A Life (Regnery, 1993), 569.
Chapter Eighteen: The Last Mile
1. Nixon post-presidential papers.
2. Monica Crowley, Nixon in Winter: The Final Revelations (New York: I.B. Tauris, 1998), 16–17.
3. Ibid., 22.
4. Ibid., 25–26.
5. Ibid., 221–22.
6. Ibid., 224.
7. Ibid., 229.
8. Richard M. Nixon, “Why,” New York Times, January 6, 1991, https://archive.nytimes.com/www.nytimes.com/ref/opinion/15opclassic.html?_r=3&scp=6&sq=richard%2520kind&st=cse.
9. Crowley, Nixon in Winter, 224.
10. Ibid., 237.
11. Ibid., 244.
12. Nixon post-presidential papers.
13. Crowley, Nixon in Winter, 43.
14. Ibid., 44.
15. Ibid., 14.
16. Richard M. Nixon, “Gorbachev’s Crisis—and America’s Opportunity,” Washington Post, June 2, 1991.
17. Crowley, Nixon in Winter, 66.
Chapter Nineteen: The Greatest Honor
1. Monica Crowley, Nixon in Winter: The Final Revelations (New York: I.B. Tauris, 1998), 275.
2. Ibid., 68.
3. Nixon post-presidential papers.
4. Thomas L. Friedman, “Nixon’s ‘Save Russia’ Memo: Bush Feels the Sting,” New York Times, March 11, 1992, https://www.nytimes.com/1992/03/11/world/nixon-s-save-russia-memo-bush-feels-the-sting.html?mtrref=www.google.com&gwh=B473589692C42E88712DCEC39C5A9D67&gwt=pay.
5. Nixon post-presidential papers.
6. Ibid.
7. Crowley, Nixon in Winter, 83.
8. Ibid., 86–87.
9. R. W. Apple Jr. “For Clinton and Nixon, a Rarefied Bond,” New York Times, April 25, 1994, https://www.nytimes.com/1994/04/25/us/for-clinton-and-nixon-a-rarefied-bond.html?mtrref=www.google.com&gwh=866E856F05F1C6A3FEAFC1C9FECDC614&gwt=pay.
10. Nixon post-presidential papers.
11. Nixon post-presidential papers.
12. Crowley, Nixon in Winter, 127.
13. Ibid., 128–29.
14. Ibid., 131.
15. Nixon post-presidential papers.
16. Ibid.
17. Ibid.
18. New York Times, January 10, 1993, https://www.nytimes.com/1993/01/10/us/nixon-is-80-and-elvis-joins-party.html?mtrref=www.google.com&gwh=7FC9D46D565215B4BB8F879709499F96&gwt=pay.
19. Crowley, Nixon in Winter, 393.
20. Author interview of Richard Norton Smith, September 20, 2010.
21. Nixon post-presidential papers.
22. Crowley, Nixon in Winter, 154.
23. Ibid., 401.
Afterword
1. Author interview of Stephen Ambrose, November 2, 2001.
2. Ibid.
Selected Bibliography
The research in this book primarily came from the Nixon post-presidential files at the Richard Nixon Library in Yorba Linda, California, and from interviews with Nixon’s aides and members of his family. In addition, the following books also provided helpful insight into Nixon’s later years.
Aitken, Jonathan. Nixon: A Life. Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 1993.
Ambrose, Stephen. Nixon: The Education of a Politician 1913–1962. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1979.
_____. Nixon: The Triumph of a Politician 1962–1972. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989.
_____. Nixon: Ruin and Recovery 1973–1990. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1991.
_____. Nixon: The Triumph of a Politician 1962–1972. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1989.
Anson, Robert Sam. Exile: The Unquiet Oblivion of Richard M. Nixon. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1984.
Black, Conrad. Richard Nixon: A Life in Full. New York: Public Affairs, 2007.
Buchanan, Patrick J. Right from the Beginning. Washington, D.C.: Regnery, 1990.
Crowley, Monica. Nixon in Winter: The Final Revelations. New York: I.B. Tauris, 1998.
_____. Nixon Off the Record. New York: I.B. Tauris, 1995.
Dallek, Robert. Nixon and Kissinger: Partners in Power. New York: HarperCollins, 2007.
Dean, John. Blind Ambition: The White House Years. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1975.
Haldeman, H. R. The Haldeman Diaries: Inside the Nixon White House. New York: Putnam, 1994.
Hoff, Joan. Nixon Reconsidered. New York: Harper Collins, 1994.
Eisenhower, Julie Nixon. Pat Nixon: The Untold Story. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1983.
Ehrlichman, John. Witness to Power: The Nixon Years. New York, Simon & Schuster, 1982.
Lungren, John C. Healing Richard Nixon: A Doctor’s Memoir. Lexington, Kentucky: University Press of Kentucky, 2003.
MacMillan, Margaret. Nixon and Mao: The Week That Changed the World. New York: Random House, 2007.
Morris, Roger. Richard Milhous Nixon: The Rise of an American Politician. New York, Henry Holt, 1990.
Nixon, Richard. 1999: Victory Without War. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1988.
_____. Beyond Peace. New York: Random House, 1994.
_____. In the Arena: A Memoir of Victory, Defeat and Renewal. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1990.
_____. Leaders. New York: Random House, 1982.
_____. No More Vietnams. New York: Avon, 1985.
_____. Real Peace. New York: Little, Brown, 1983.
_____. The Real War. New York: Warner Books, 1980.
_____. RN: The Memoirs of Richard Nixon. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1978.
_____. Seize the Moment: America’s Challenge in a One-Superpower World. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1992.
Perlstein, Rick. Nixonland: The Rise of a President and the Fracturing of America. New York: Scribner, 2009.
Reeves, Richard. President Nixon: Alone in the White House. New York: Simon & Schuster, 2001.
Reston, James Jr. The Conviction of Richard Nixon: The Untold Story of the Frost/Nixon Interviews. New York: Harmony Books, 2007.
Safire, William. Before the Fall: An Inside View of the Pre-Watergate White House. New York: Random House, 1977.
Small, Melvin. The Presidency of Richard Nixon. Lawrence, Kansas: University of Kansas Press, 1999.
Strober, Gerald S. and Deborah Har
t Strober. Nixon: An Oral History of His Presidency. New York: HarperCollins, 1994.
Thompson, Jake H. Bob Dole: The Republicans’ Man for All Seasons. New York: Donald I. Fine, 1994.
White, Theodore. Breach of Faith: The Fall of Richard Nixon. New York: Antebellum, 1975.
Wicker, Tom. One of Us: Richard Nixon and the American Dream. New York: Random House, 1991.
Wills, Garry. Nixon Agonistes: The Crisis of the Self-Made Man. New York: Houghton Mifflin, 1969.
Woodward, Bob and Carl Bernstein. The Final Days. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1975.
INDEX
A note about the index: The pages referenced in this index refer to the page numbers in the print edition. Clicking on a page number will take you to the ebook location that corresponds to the beginning of that page in the print edition. For a comprehensive list of locations of any word or phrase, use your reading system’s search function.
A
ABC News, 110, 252
Abplanalp, Bob, 41–42, 45, 248
Adenauer, Konrad, 150
Agnew, Spiro, 15
Airborne Warning and Control System (AWACS), 138
Air Force One, 9–10, 15, 26
Aitken, Jonathan, 92–94, 244–45
Albertazzie, Ralph, 10–11
Allan, Ken, 47
Allen, George, 143
Allen, Richard, 118, 138, 152–53
Ambrose, Stephen, 219, 244, 252
American Society of Newspaper Editors, 168
American Spectator, 132
Anderson, John, 118, 153
Anderson, Martin, 109
Andrews Air Force Base, 9, 136
Andropov, Yuri, 161
Annenberg, Walter, 23, 52
Anti-Ballistic Missile Treaty (1972), 159–60
Appalachian Motel, 87
Apple, R. W., 218–19
Arbor House, 172
Atkins, Ollie, 2, 8–9
Atlantic Monthly, 153
Aziz, Tariq, 227
B
Baker, Howard, 192
Baker, James A., 175, 205–9, 223–29, 238–39
Barker, Wiley, 33
Becker, Benton, 18, 20–23
Begin, Menachem, 138
Ben-Gurion, David, 150
Bernstein, Carl, 56, 214
Beverly Hilton, 66
Beyond Peace, 245, 247
Blair House, 128
Blake, Robert, 94
Boland Amendment, 183
Bolshevik Revolution, 125
Booknotes, 236
Bork, Robert, 17
Breen, John, 114
Brennan, Jack, 13, 25, 43, 47–48, 54, 65–66, 72–73, 80–81, 90, 104, 106, 118