staunch advocacy – Lud-in-the-Mist was reissued by Gollancz in 2018, but her earlier novels remain out of print.
‘Paris and Lud’ – On 17 August 1972, Henig wrote to Mirrlees proposing that she write Hope’s biography: ‘You are a great writer and I admire that; and you have known some of the most important writers of the century which makes you a very important person in literary history. Your biography, in a way, would be a kind of pivotal one of the century because all the others could be brought in too … Would you feel I would be invading your privacy because you said to me, “I am a private person” and would it distress you if I asked a lot of personal and possibly embarrassing questions … But, of course, though we have not spoken of it, I am sure you know I am aware of A GREAT DEAL MORE about you than I have let on. I have spent too many years studying Bloomsbury not to have learned all the skeletons. And despite our gossiping, I carry many confidences entrusted to me by people who know, rightly, I would never divulge them without their permission … I think you are a fascinating, brilliant, erudite person and it would please me immensely if you permitted me to do it. Be assured you could not have a more sympathetic, sensitive or admiring biographer.’ Newnham HM.
‘stimulated others’ – Gilbert Murray to Jessie Stewart, 5 November 1953. Newnham.
‘like a benign grandmother’ – Mary Beard, The Invention of Jane Harrison, p. xiii.
‘an originary and radical’ – ibid., p. 162.
‘It has been borne’ – DLS to Lady Florence Cecil, 12 March 1941.
‘the idea that’ – DLS to Father Herbert Kelly, 4 October 1937.
‘bleating public’ – DLS to Nancy Pearn, 19 February 1946.
‘boldly undertook’ – DLS to Milton Waldman, 12 December 1938.
‘as public and universal’ – DLS, Introductory Papers on Dante, p. xv.
‘a detective novelist’ – DLS to Eunice Frost, September 1949.
‘Historically, the thing’ – DLS to Barbara Reynolds, 9 April 1953.
‘personal and psychological’ – DLS to her son, 7 June 1951.
‘vulgar gossip’ – In 1954 she wrote to Eric Whelpton, knowing that he was being interviewed about her, requesting that he ‘avoid the anecdotal’ if possible: ‘the craze for the “personal angle” and the “human touch” is rapidly eating away the brains of the common reader and reducing history to the level of the gossipcolumn and the criticism to something worse.’
‘both my mother’ – Quoted in Barbara Reynolds (ed.) Letters, vol. 2, pp. 437–41.
‘every act’ – DLS, Thrones, Dominations. Wheaton.
‘more alive’ – H. D. to Marianne Moore, 24 September 1940. Beinecke.
‘The past is’ – Matte Robinson and Demetres P. Tryphonopoulos (eds), H. D., Hirslanden Notebooks, p. 30.
‘that outer threat’ – H. D., ‘H. D. by Delia Alton’, p. 192.
‘new-world reconstruction’ – ‘The Walls Do Not Fall’, in H. D., Trilogy, p. 22.
‘violent and final’ – H. D. to John Cournos, 5 February 1929. Houghton JC. The quarrel had taken place during a holiday with the Lawrences. Aldington stayed in touch with Frieda after Lawrence’s death, visiting her and her new partner in New Mexico. On 23 May 1950, he wrote to H. D.: ‘I had a letter from Frieda yesterday, in which she wrote: “Hilda; how is she? I shall always be grateful to her.” … For what it is worth to you, what you did for Lorenzo in 1917 is remembered with gratitude by many who think he is the one great writer in English in this century.’
‘It may seem’ – H. D. to John Cournos, 5 February 1929. Houghton JC.
‘strangely embalmed’ – H. D. to George Plank, 20 May 1929. Beinecke GP.
‘thunderbolt’ – H. D. to George Plank, 27 January 1937. Beinecke GP.
‘a sort of Byron’ – H. D. to Frances Gregg, 10 February 1937. Beinecke.
‘I look on it’ – H. D. to Jessie Capper, 1 February 1937. Beinecke.
‘a clear-up’ – H. D. to George Plank, 19 February 1937. Beinecke GP.
‘concentrate and say’ – H. D. to George Plank, 18 May 1938. Beinecke GP.
‘“divorce” from’ – H. D. to George Plank, 3 August 1938. Beinecke GP.
supreme generosity – In another act of unwarranted kindness, Bryher also sent money to Flo Fallas. Fallas and Aldington had lost touch after 1918, but met again in London around 1931, and remained in contact thereafter. In a letter after Aldington’s death in 1962, Flo told Bryher that he ‘has been a loyal friend – much loved by us – for almost fifty years … It’s unbelievable what a blank there is now his letters have ended.’ She told Bryher that she remembered H. D. in Devon well: ‘very tall, fine eyes and slightly wonderfully madly poetic. She had recently had her baby and lost it, and so had I. How one wonders how it would have been if their child had lived. No good, it would never be as we think.’
‘It’s awfully good’ – Richard Aldington to H. D., 7 January 1953. Beinecke.
‘Olympian, gigantic’ – Alfred Satterthwaite, ‘John Cournos and “H.D.”’, p. 395.
‘illiterate bunny-brained whore’ – In an interview with Walter Lowenfels, Arabella spoke about the affair for the first time. She described Bid Me to Live as ‘very libellous’, and was scathing about H. D.: ‘I think she felt in love with Richard inasmuch as she was capable of loving anybody.’ She echoed Aldington’s lines from the book: ‘He had married her as a mind, not as a woman.’ Beinecke.
‘pure bitchiness’ – Annotations by Cournos in a copy of Bid Me to Live. Beinecke. ‘What drivel!’ ‘What tosh!’ ‘Execrable English for a poetess!’ ‘Bid Me to Live – the story of a hysteria recollected in hysteria.’ On 5 October 1960, he wrote to H. D. from New York, sarcastically expressing sorrow that Lawrence ‘pulled your leg unmercifully’ and left her in the unfortunate position of ‘a woman scorned’: ‘Odd of him, wasn’t it, to prefer fat Frieda to you?’ He concluded: ‘I trust your Greek preoccupations do not involve you with the ghosts of Clytemnestra, Medea and other murderesses on the Greek scene who had the good fortune to exist before Freud could analyse them … I have an idea, though, that faith in Freud is in itself a complex, perhaps the supreme complex. The harm Freud has done Literature is incalculable. He has killed spontaneity, the drama of intuition as Dostoevsky performed it, doing truthfully and creatively that which writers today do falsely and scientifically. Sounds like a paradox, but any authentic artist will understand me.’
‘There still remains’ – JEH, ‘Scientiae Sacra Fames’, Alpha and Omega, p. 119.
‘seems to me’ – EP to DLS, 1 June 1938. Wheaton.
‘baroque fantasy’ – Telegraph, 28 June 1938.
‘to save one of London’s’ – The Sketch, 13 July 1938.
‘mania for destruction’ – Netta Syrett to the Telegraph, 8 November 1937.
‘secure these gardens’ – London’s Squares and How to Save Them (The London Society, 1927). A plaque still stands outside the former site of the Foundling Hospital, expressing gratitude to Harold Viscount Rothermere for saving the land ‘for the use and welfare of the children of Central London’.
‘a delightful little’ – The Times, 10 March 1950.
‘one of the finest’ – Douglas Goldring to the Telegraph, 8 November 1937.
‘of a pompous’ – G. F. Sheere and R. Grainger to The Times, 29 March 1950.
‘our fathers’ – VW, Three Guineas, p. 130.
SELECT BIBLIOGRAPHY
Editions cited are those of first publication, unless quotations refer to a later edition.
TIME AND PLACE
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1939 (Virago, 1983)
Sara Blair, ‘Local Modernity, Global Modernism: Bloomsbury and the Places of the Literary’, English Literary History 71 (2004), pp. 813–38
Chiara Briganti and Kathy Mezei, Domestic Modernism, the Interwar Novel, and E. H. Young (Ashgate Publishing, 2006)
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Catherine Clay, British Women Writers, 1914–1945: Professional Work and Friendship (Ashgate Publishing, 2006)
Paul Cohen-Portheim, The Spirit of London (B. T. Batsford, 1935)
Susan David Bernstein, Roomscape: Women Writers in the British Museum from George Eliot to Virginia Woolf (Edinburgh UP, 2013)
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—, Novel Grounds: Nineteenth-Century Fiction and the Production of Bloomsbury (Palgrave Macmillan, 2018)
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Emma Liggins, Odd Women?: Spinsters, Lesbians and Widows in British Women’s Fiction (Manchester UP, 2014)
Terri Mullholland, British Boarding Houses in Interwar Women’s Literature (Routledge, 2017)
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H. D.
Richard Aldington, D. H. Lawrence: Portrait of a Genius, But … (Heinemann, 1950)
—, Death of a Hero (Chatto & Windus, 1929)
—, Life for Life’s Sake: A Book of Reminiscences (Viking, 1941)
Cynthia Asquith, Lady Cynthia Asquith Diaries 1915–1918 (Hutchinson, 1968)
A. E. Barlow, Imagism and After: A Study of the Poetry (Durham University thesis, 1975)
Bryher, The Heart to Artemis: A Writer’s Memoirs (Collins, 1962)
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Helen Carr, The Verse Revolutionaries: Ezra Pound, H. D. and the Imagists (Jonathan Cape, 2009)
Nephie J. Christodoulides and Polina Mackay (eds), The Cambridge Companion to H. D. (CUP, 2011)
Diana Collecott (guest ed.), Agenda 25.3–4: H. D. Special Issue (1988)
—, H. D. and Sapphic Modernism 1910–1950 (CUP, 1999)
John Cournos, Autobiography (G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1935)
—, Miranda Masters (Knopf, 1926)
Charles Doyle, Richard Aldington: A Biography (Palgrave Macmillan, 1989)
Carl Fallas, The Gate is Open (Heinemann, 1938)
Elaine Feinstein, Lawrence’s Women: The Intimate Life of D. H. Lawrence (Flamingo, 1994)
John Gould Fletcher, Life Is My Song: The Autobiography of John Gould Fletcher (Farrar & Rinehart, 1937)
Cecil Gray, Musical Chairs: An Autobiography (Home & Van Thal, 1948)
—, Peter Warlock: A Memoir of Philip Heseltine (Jonathan Cape, 1934)
Pauline Gray, Cecil Gray: His Life and Notebooks (Thames Publishing, 1989)
Eileen Gregory, H. D. and Hellenism: Classic Lines (CUP, 1997)
Barbara Guest, Herself Defined: H. D. and Her World (Doubleday, 1984)
H. D., Asphodel (Duke University Press, 1992)
—, Bid Me to Live (Virago, 1984)
—, Collected Poems 1912–1944, ed. Louis L. Martz (New Directions, 1983)
—, End to Torment: A Memoir of Ezra Pound, with the poems from Hilda’s Book by Ezra Pound, eds Norman Holmes Pearson and Michael King (New Directions, 1979)
—, The Gift, ed. Jane Augustine (University Press of Florida, 1998)
—, ‘H.D. by Delia Alton’, The Iowa Review 16.3 (Fall, 1986)
—, Helen in Egypt (Grove Press, 1961)
—, HERmione (New Directions, 1981)
—, Hirslanden Notebooks, eds Matte Robinson and Demotes P. Trypohnopoulos (ELS Editions, 2015)
—, Magic Mirror, Compassionate Friendship, Thorn Thicket: A Tribute to Erich Heydt, ed. Nephie Christodoulides (ELS Editions, 2012)
—, Paint It Today (NYU Press, 1992)
—, Palimpsest (Houghton Mifflin Harcourt, 1926)
—, Tribute to Freud (Carcanet, 1985)
—, Trilogy (New Directions, 1973)
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Donna Krolik Hollenberg, ‘Art and Ardor in World War One: Selected Letters from H. D. to John Cournos’, The Iowa Review 16.3 (Fall 1986)
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—, Kangaroo (Penguin, 1950)
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Susan Stanford Friedman (ed.), Analyzing Freud: The Letters of H. D., Bryher and Their Circle (New Directions, 2002)
—, Penelope’s Web: Gender, Modernity, H. D.’s Fiction (CUP, 1990)
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Caroline Zilboorg (ed.), Bid Me to Live (University Press of Florida, 2011)
—, Richard Aldington and H. D.: Their Lives in Letters, 1918–61 (Manchester UP, 2003)
DOROTHY L. SAYERS
E. C. Bentley, Those Days (Constable, 1940)
—, Trent’s Last Case (Nelson, 1913)
James Brabazon, Dorothy L. Sayers: A Biography (General Publishing Co., 1981)
Vera Brittain, Testament of Youth (Gollancz, 1933)
—, The Women at Oxford: A Fragment of History (George G. Harrap, 1960)
John Cournos, Babel (Boni & Liveright, 1922)
—, The Devil is an English Gentleman (Farrar & Rinehart, 1932)
Martin Edwards, The Golden Age of Murder (HarperCollins, 2015)
— (ed.), Taking Detective Stories Seriously: The Collected Crime Reviews of Dorothy L. Sayers (Tippermuir Books, 2017)
Rosamund Essex, Woman in a Man’s World (Sheldon Press, 1977)
Ruth Hall, Dear Dr Stopes: Sex in the 1920s (Penguin, 1981)
Richard Hand and Michael Wilson, London’s Grand Guignol and the Theatre of Horror (Exeter UP, 2007)
Susan J. Leonardi, Dangerous by Degrees: Women at Oxford and the Somerville College Novelists (Rutgers UP, 1989)
Virginia Nicholson, Singled Out: How Two Million Women Survived Without Men After the First World War (Viking, 2007)
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