271. Grattan, William, Adventures with the Connaught Rangers 1809–1814, Edinburgh, R&R Clark Ltd, 1902, p65.
272. Ibid. p67. Wallace’s comment here is very revealing. The prospect of fighting in the confined streets was horrific but a retreat over difficult ground with the barrier of a deep gorge to cross was even less appealing.
273. Ibid. p68.
274. Ibid. p69.
275. Ibid. p71.
276. Schaumann, op.cit. p303.
277. Fortescue, Volume VIII, p172.
278. Jones, Parquin, op.cit. p135.
279. Grattan, op.cit. p76.
280. Schaumann, op.cit. p302. Considering the paucity of supplies in the area and the enormous logistical difficulties the French were subjected to, this was almost certainly bravado on the part of the Colonel.
281. Butler, Arthur John (Ed. & trans.), The Memoirs of Baron Thiebault, Volume II,London, Smith, Elder & Co., 1896, p329.
282. Wellington’s Supplementary Dispatches, Volume VII, p123.
283. Jones, Parquin, op.cit. p135.
284. Butler, Thiebault, Volume II, op.cit. p328.
285. Fortescue, Volume VIII, op.cit. p173.
286. Napier, Volume III, op.cit. pp154–155.
287. Fletcher, Ian (Ed.), For King and Country – The Letters and Diaries of John Mills, Coldstream Guards, 1811–1814, Staplehurst, Spellmount, 1995, p46.
288. Larpent, Seymour F., The Private Journal of F.S. Larpent, Esq: Judge Advocate General of the British Forces in the Peninsula, attached to the head-quarters of Lord Wellington during the Peninsular War, from 1812 to its close, London, Richard Bentley, 1854, p65.
289. Wellington’s Supplementary Dispatches, Volume VII, pp176–177. Though the Government may have taken some inference from his failure to send a victory dispatch, the escape of Almeida’s garrison stole some of the glory from Wellington’s achievement.
CHAPTER 11 - THE END OF THE OLD FOX
290. Koch, Gćnćral, Mćmoires de Massena, Volume VII, Paris, Paulin et Lechevalier, 1848–1850, p604.
291. Marshal-Cornwall, James, Marshal Massena, London, Oxford University Press, 1965, p251. Napoleon’s greeting translates as: ‘Ah, good! So Prince of Essling, it seems that you are no longer Massena!’
292. Stanhope, Philip Henry, Notes of Conversations with the Duke of Wellington,1831–1851, London, John Murray, 1889, p90. Nevertheless, the footnotes of casualties appearing in The Times from Monday 3 June 1811 onwards spoke volumes.
293. Wellington’s Supplementary Dispatches, Volume VII, p177.
294. The Annual Register for the Year 1811, p106.
295. Chandler, David, On the Napoleonic Wars, London, Greenhill Books Limited, 1999, originally 1994, p113.
296. Marshal-Cornwall, op.cit. p251. Massena still had his devoted supporters. Thiebault, hearing of his old chief’s reappointment, immediately tried to gain a command within the Army of Portugal, but desisted when he heard of Massena’s illness – Butler, Arthur John (Ed. & trans.), The Memoirs of Baron Thiebault, Volume II, London, Smith, Elder & Co., 1896, p370.
297. Marshal-Cornwall, op.cit. p252.
298. Ibid. p254.
299. Stanhope, Philip Henry, Notes of Conversations with the Duke of Wellington, 1831–1851, London, John Murray, 1889, pp162–163.
300. Longford, Elizabeth, The Years of the Sword, London, World Books, 1971, pp440–441.
301. Marshal-Cornwall, op.cit. p256.
302. Koch, Gćnćral, Mćmoires de Massena, Volume I, Paris, Paulin et Lechevalier, 1848–1850, pLXVI.
303. Marshal-Cornwall, op.cit. pp263–264.
304. Ibid. p264.
305. The Gentleman’s Magazine, April 1817, p380.
306. Ibid. p380.
307. Junot, Laura, Memoirs of Madame Junot Duchess of Abrantes Volume IV, London, Richard Bentley & Son, 1893, p185.
308. Oman, Charles, A History of the Peninsula War, Volume III, Oxford, Clarendon Press, 1908, pp207–208.
309. Chandler, David, On the Napoleonic Wars, London, Greenhill Books Limited, 1999, originally 1994, p113.
310. Pool, Bernard (Ed.), The Croker Papers 1808–1857, London, B.T. Batsford Ltd, 1967, p174.
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