by Demosthenes
Καλλισθένης Σφήττιος, Διόγνητος Θορίκιος, Μνησίθεος Ἀλωπεκῆθεν, οἴδαμεν Δημοσθένην, ᾧ μαρτυροῦμεν, κρίσιν λελογχότα Μειδίᾳ ἐξούλης, τῷ καὶ νῦν ὑπ᾽ αὐτοῦ κρινομένῳ δημοσίᾳ, καὶ ἤδη τῇ κρίσει ἐκείνῃ διαγεγονότα ἔτη ὀκτώ, καὶ τοῦ χρόνου γεγενημένον παντὸς αἴτιον Μειδίαν ἀεὶ προφασιζόμενον καὶ ἀναβαλλόμενον.”
[82] To prove the truth of this, please call my witnesses, so that you may know that, before obtaining legal redress for my former injuries, I have again been insulted in the way that you have heard.”Deposition
[We, Callisthenes of Sphettus, Diognetus of Thoricus, Mnesitheus of Alopece, know that Demosthenes, for whom we appear, has brought an action for ejectment against Meidias, who is now also being publicly prosecuted by him, and that eight years have now passed since that action, and that Meidias has been the cause of all the delay by repeated excuses and procrastinations.]”
[83] ὃ τοίνυν πεποίηκεν, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, περὶ τῆς δίκης, ἀκούσατε, καὶ θεωρεῖτ᾽ ἐφ᾽ ἑκάστου τὴν ὕβριν καὶ τὴν ὑπερηφανίαν αὐτοῦ. τῆς γὰρ δίκης, ταύτης λέγω ἧς εἷλον αὐτόν, γίγνεταί μοι διαιτητὴς Στράτων Φαληρεύς, ἄνθρωπος πένης μέν τις καὶ ἀπράγμων, ἄλλως δ᾽ οὐ πονηρός, ἀλλὰ καὶ πάνυ χρηστός: ὅπερ τὸν ταλαίπωρον οὐκ ὀρθῶς οὐδὲ δικαίως, ἀλλὰ καὶ πάνυ αἰσχρῶς ἀπολώλεκεν.
[83] Hear now what he has done, men of Athens, in the matter of the legal action and observe his insolent and overbearing conduct on each occasion. In that action — I mean the one in which I obtained a verdict against him — the arbitrator assigned to me was Strato of Phalerum, a man of small means and no experience, but in other respects quite a good fellow; but his appointment proved the unhappy man’s ruin — a ruin undeserved, unjust, and in every way scandalous.
[84] οὗτος διαιτῶν ἡμῖν ὁ Στράτων, ἐπειδή ποθ᾽ ἧκεν ἡ κυρία, πάντα δ᾽ ἤδη διεξεληλύθει ταῦτα τἀκ τῶν νόμων, ὑπωμοσίαι καὶ παραγραφαί, καὶ οὐδὲν ἔτ᾽ ἦν ὑπόλοιπον, τὸ μὲν πρῶτον ἐπισχεῖν ἐδεῖτό μου τὴν δίαιταν, ἔπειτ᾽ εἰς τὴν ὑστεραίαν ἀναβαλέσθαι: τὸ τελευταῖον δ᾽, ὡς οὔτ᾽ ἐγὼ συνεχώρουν οὔθ᾽ οὗτος ἀπήντα, τῆς δ᾽ ὥρας ἐγίγνετ᾽ ὀψέ, κατεδιῄτησεν.
[84] This Strato, acting as arbitrator, when the appointed day arrived and all the legal delays had been exhausted — counter-pleas, demurrers, and the rest of them — and there was not a trick left, at first begged me to abandon the arbitration, and then to postpone it till the next day, and at the last, as I continued to refuse and Meidias did not appear in court, and it was getting late, he gave his decision against him.
[85] ἤδη δ᾽ ἑσπέρας οὔσης καὶ σκότους ἔρχεται Μειδίας οὑτοσὶ πρὸς τὸ τῶν ἀρχόντων οἴκημα, καὶ καταλαμβάνει τοὺς ἄρχοντας ἐξιόντας καὶ τὸν Στράτων᾽ ἀπιόντ᾽ ἤδη, τὴν ἔρημον δεδωκότα, ὡς ἐγὼ τῶν παραγενομένων τινὸς ἐπυνθανόμην. τὸ μὲν οὖν πρῶτον οἷός τ᾽ ἦν πείθειν αὐτόν, ἣν κατεδεδιῃτήκει, ταύτην ἀποδεδιῃτημένην ἀποφαίνειν, καὶ τοὺς ἄρχοντας μεταγράφειν, καὶ πεντήκοντα δραχμὰς αὐτοῖς ἐδίδου:
[85] It was now evening and growing dark. Up comes this fellow Meidias to the office of the Archons, and finds them just leaving and Strato already making his way home after having handed to them his judgement of guilty by default. This I learned from one of the bystanders. Well, at first he had the impudence to try and persuade Strato to report a judgement for the defendant instead of one for the plaintiff, and he wanted the Archons to alter the record and offered them fifty drachmas.
[86] ὡς δ᾽ ἐδυσχέραινον οὗτοι τὸ πρᾶγμα καὶ οὐδετέρους ἔπειθεν, ἀπειλήσας καὶ διαλοιδορηθεὶς ἀπελθὼν τί ποιεῖ; καὶ θεάσασθε τὴν κακοήθειαν. τὴν μὲν δίαιταν ἀντιλαχὼν οὐκ ὤμοσεν, ἀλλ᾽ εἴασε καθ᾽ αὑτοῦ κυρίαν γενέσθαι, καὶ ἀνώμοτος ἀπηνέχθη: βουλόμενος δὲ τὸ μέλλον λαθεῖν, φυλάξας τὴν τελευταίαν ἡμέραν τῶν διαιτητῶν, τὴν τοῦ θαργηλιῶνος ἢ τοῦ σκιροφοριῶνος γιγνομένην, εἰς ἣν ὁ μὲν ἦλθε τῶν διαιτητῶν,
[86] But finding that they resented the offer and that he could persuade neither Archons nor arbitrator, he threatened them and blackguarded them and went off and — what do you think he did? Just observe his malignity. [He appealed against the arbitration but omitted the oath, thus allowing the verdict against him to be made absolute, and he was recorded as unsworn. Then, wishing to conceal his real object,] he waited for the last day for appeal against the arbitrators, which falls in Thargelion or Scirophorion, a day on which some of the arbitrators turned up but others did not;
[87] ὁ δ᾽ οὐκ ἦλθε, πείσας τὸν πρυτανεύοντα δοῦναι τὴν ψῆφον παρὰ πάντας τοὺς νόμους, κλητῆρ᾽ οὐδ᾽ ὁντινοῦν ἐπιγραψάμενος, κατηγορῶν ἔρημον, οὐδενὸς παρόντος, ἐκβάλλει καὶ ἀτιμοῖ τὸν διαιτητήν: καὶ νῦν εἷς Ἀθηναίων, ὅτι Μειδίας ἔρημον ὦφλε δίκην, ἁπάντων ἀπεστέρηται τῶν ἐν τῇ πόλει καὶ καθάπαξ ἄτιμος γέγονεν: καὶ οὔτε λαχεῖν ἀδικηθέντα οὔτε διαιτητὴν γενέσθαι Μειδίᾳ οὔθ᾽ ὅλως τὴν αὐτὴν ὁδὸν βαδίζειν, ὡς ἔοικεν, ἔστ᾽ ἀσφαλές.
[87] he induced the presiding arbitrator to put it to the vote contrary to all the laws, because Meidias had not appended the name of a single witness to the summons; he denounces Strato in his absence and in the absence of witnesses, and gets him struck off the roll of arbitrators and disfranchised. And so a citizen of Athens, because Meidias lost his suit by default, has been deprived of all his civic rights, and has been irrevocably disfranchised; and it is unsafe for him to bring an action against Meidias when wronged, or to act as arbitrator for him, or even, it seems, to walk the same street with him.
[88] δεῖ δὴ τοῦτο τὸ πρᾶγμ᾽ ὑμᾶς οὑτωσὶ σκέψασθαι, καὶ λογίσασθαι τί ποτ᾽ ἔσθ᾽ ὃ παθὼν Μειδίας οὕτως ὠμὸν τηλικαύτην ἐπεβούλευσε λαβεῖν τῶν πεπραγμένων παρ᾽ ἀνδρὸς πολίτου δίκην, κἂν μὲν ᾖ τι δεινὸν ὡς ἀληθῶς καὶ ὑπερφυές, συγγνώμην ἔχειν, ἐὰν δὲ μηδέν, θεάσασθε τὴν ἀσέλγειαν καὶ τὴν ὠμότητα, ᾗ καθ᾽ ἁπάντων χρῆται τῶν ἐντυγχανόντων. τί οὖν ἔσθ᾽ ὃ πέπονθεν; μεγάλην νὴ Δί᾽ ὦφλε δίκην καὶ τοσαύτην ὥστ᾽ ἀποστερεῖσθαι τῶν ὄντων. ἀλλὰ χιλίων ἡ δίκη μόνον ἦν δραχμῶν.
[88] [Now you must consider the transaction from this point of view. Estimate what loss Meidias must have suffered before he could plan such a dire revenge against a fellow-citizen; and if it was something really terrible and overw
helming, he may be forgiven, but if it was nothing of the sort, mark the insolent brutality with which he treats all whom he comes across. Well, what loss has he suffered? He was cast, you reply, in a big lawsuit, so big that he has lost all his property.
[89] πάνυ γε, ἀλλὰ δάκνει καὶ τοῦτο, φαίη τις ἄν, ὅταν ἐκτίνειν ἀδίκως δέῃ, συνέβη δ᾽ ὑπερημέρῳ γενομένῳ λαθεῖν αὐτῷ διὰ τὸ ἀδικηθῆναι. ἀλλ᾽ αὐθημερὸν μὲν ᾔσθετο, ὃ καὶ μέγιστόν ἐστι τεκμήριον τοῦ μηδὲν ἠδικηκέναι τὸν ἄνθρωπον, δραχμὴν δ᾽ οὐδέπω μίαν ἐκτέτεικεν.
[89] But the lawsuit only involved a thousand drachmas. True, you will say; but the galling thing is to be made to pay unfairly, and it was the unfairness of it that caused him to let the day of payment pass unnoticed. But he noticed his mistake the same day, which is the strongest possible proof that Strato had done him no wrong; and he has not yet paid a single drachma. But of that later.
[90] ἀλλὰ μή πω τοῦτο. ἀλλὰ τὴν μὴ οὖσαν ἀντιλαχεῖν ἐξῆν αὐτῷ δήπου, καὶ πρὸς ἐμὲ τὸ πρᾶγμα καταστήσασθαι, πρὸς ὅνπερ ἐξ ἀρχῆς ἦν ἡ δίκη. ἀλλ᾽ οὐκ ἐβούλετο: ἀλλ᾽ ἵνα μὴ Μειδίας ἀτίμητον ἀγωνίσηται δέκα μνῶν δίκην, πρὸς ἣν οὐκ ἀπήντα δέον, καὶ εἰ μὲν ἠδίκηκε, δίκην δῷ, εἰ δὲ μή, ἀποφύγῃ, ἄτιμον Ἀθηναίων ἕν᾽ εἶναι δεῖ καὶ μήτε συγγνώμης μήτε λόγου μήτε ἐπιεικείας μηδεμιᾶς τυχεῖν, ἃ καὶ τοῖς ὄντως ἀδικοῦσιν ἅπανθ᾽ ὑπάρχει.
[90] But of course he could have moved for a fresh trial on the ground of nullity, and so made me the object of his litigation as at the first. But no; that was not his game. To save him from defending a suit in which the penalty was fixed by law at ten minas — the suit in which he neglected to apppear — to save him from paying the penalty if guilty or if innocent, a citizen of Athens must needs be disfranchised, and must obtain neither pardon nor right of defence nor any sort of equitable treatment, privileges extended even to those whose guilt is established.
[91] ἀλλ᾽ ἐπειδή γ᾽ ἠτίμωσεν ὃν ἐβουλήθη, καὶ τοῦτ᾽ ἐχαρίσασθ᾽ αὐτῷ, καὶ τὴν ἀναιδῆ γνώμην, ᾗ ταῦτα προαιρεῖται ποιεῖν, ἐνέπλησεν αὑτοῦ, ἐκεῖν᾽ ἐποίησε, τὴν καταδίκην ἐκτέτεικε, δι᾽ ἣν τὸν ἄνθρωπον ἀπώλεσεν; οὐδὲ χαλκοῦν οὐδέπω καὶ τήμερον, ἀλλὰ δίκην ἐξούλης ὑπομένει φεύγειν. οὐκοῦν ὁ μὲν ἠτίμωται καὶ παραπόλωλεν, ὁ δ᾽ οὐδ᾽ ὁτιοῦν πέπονθεν, ἀλλ᾽ ἄνω κάτω τοὺς νόμους, τοὺς διαιτητάς, πάνθ᾽ ὅσ᾽ ἂν βούληται στρέφει.
[91] But now that he has disfranchised the man he wanted to, and you have indulged him in this; now that he has sated that shameless temper that prompted him to this course, has he finished the business? Has he paid the fine, to escape which he ruined the poor fellow? Not a brass farthing of it to this day! He submits rather to be the defendant in an action for ejectment. So the one man is disfranchised and ruined on a side issue; the other is unscathed and is playing havoc with the laws, the arbitrators, and everything else that he pleases.
[92] καὶ τὴν μὲν κατὰ τοῦ διαιτητοῦ γνῶσιν, ἣν ἀπρόσκλητον κατεσκεύασεν, αὐτὸς κυρίαν αὑτῷ πεποίηται: ἣν δ᾽ αὐτὸς ὦφλεν ἐμοὶ προσκληθείς, εἰδώς, οὐκ ἀπαντῶν, ἄκυρον ποιεῖ. καίτοι εἰ παρὰ τῶν ἔρημον καταδιαιτησάντων αὐτοῦ τηλικαύτην δίκην οὗτος ἀξιοῖ λαμβάνειν, τίν᾽ ὑμῖν προσήκει παρὰ τούτου λαβεῖν, τοῦ φανερῶς τοὺς ὑμετέρους νόμους ἐφ᾽ ὕβρει παραβαίνοντος; εἰ γὰρ ἀτιμία καὶ νόμων καὶ δικῶν καὶ πάντων στέρησις ἐκείνου τἀδικήματος προσήκουσ᾽ ἐστὶν δίκη, τῆς γ᾽ ὕβρεως μικρὰ θάνατος φαίνεται.
[92] Moreover, he has secured the validity of the award against the arbitrator, which he maneuvered to get without serving a summons, while the suit which he lost to me, wittingly and after due summons, this he renders invalid.] Yet if such is the vengeance that he claims from arbitrators who have given judgement against him by default, what vengeance ought you to wreak on a man who openly and wantonly transgresses your laws? [For if disfranchisement and loss of all legal and civil rights is a fitting punishment for that other offence, death seems an inadequate one for this reckless outrage.]
[93] ἀλλὰ μὴν ὡς ἀληθῆ λέγω, κάλει μοι τούτων τοὺς μάρτυρας, καὶ τὸν τῶν διαιτητῶν ἀνάγνωθι νόμον.”Μάρτυρες
Νικόστρατος Μυρρινούσιος, Φανίας Ἀφιδναῖος οἴδαμεν Δημοσθένην, ᾧ μαρτυροῦμεν, καὶ Μειδίαν τὸν κρινόμενον ὑπὸ Δημοσθένους, ὅτ᾽ αὐτῷ Δημοσθένης ἔλαχε τὴν τοῦ κακηγορίου δίκην, ἑλομένους διαιτητὴν Στράτωνα, καὶ ἐπεὶ ἧκεν ἡ κυρία τοῦ νόμου, οὐκ ἀπαντήσαντα Μειδίαν ἐπὶ τὴν δίαιταν, ἀλλὰ καταλιπόντα. γενομένης δὲ ἐρήμου κατὰ Μειδίου, ἐπιστάμεθα Μειδίαν πείθοντα τόν τε Στράτωνα τὸν διαιτητὴν καὶ ἡμᾶς, ὄντας ἐκείνοις τοῖς χρόνοις ἄρχοντας, ὅπως τὴν δίαιταν αὐτῷ ἀποδιαιτήσομεν, καὶ διδόντα δραχμὰς πεντήκοντα. καὶ ἐπειδὴ οὐχ ὑπεμείναμεν, προσαπειλήσαντα ἡμῖν καὶ οὕτως ἀπαλλαγέντα. καὶ διὰ ταύτην τὴν αἰτίαν ἐπιστάμεθα Στράτωνα ὑπὸ Μειδίου καταβραβευθέντα καὶ παρὰ πάντα τὰ δίκαια ἀτιμωθέντα.”
[93] However, to prove the truth of my statements, please call the witnesses, and also read the law concerning arbitrators.”Witnesses
[We, Nicostratus of Myrrhinus and Phanias of Aphidna, know that Demosthenes, for whom we appear, and Meidias, who is being prosecuted by Demosthenes, when Demosthenes brought his action against him for slander, chose Strato as arbitrator; and when the statutory day arrived, Meidias did not appear in court but abandoned the case. Judgement having gone by default against Meidias, we know that Meidias tried to induce Strato, the arbitrator, and us, who were at that time Archons, to reverse the judgement against him, and he offered us fifty drachmas, and, when we resented his offer, he threatened us and so departed. Also we know that on this account Strato was victimized by Meidias and was disfranchised contrary to all justice.]”
[94] λέγε δὴ καὶ τὸν τῶν διαιτητῶν νόμον.”Νόμος
Ἐὰν δέ τινες περὶ συμβολαίων ἰδίων πρὸς ἀλλήλους ἀμφισβητῶσι καὶ βούλωνται διαιτητὴν ἑλέσθαι ὁντινοῦν, ἐξέστω αὐτοῖς αἱρεῖσθαι ὃν ἂν βούλωνται διαιτητὴν ἑλέσθαι. ἐπειδὰν δ᾽ ἕλωνται κατὰ κοινόν, μενέτωσαν ἐν τοῖς ὑπὸ τούτου διαγνωσθεῖσι, καὶ μηκέτι μεταφερέτωσαν ἀπὸ τούτου ἐφ᾽ ἕτερον δικαστήριον ταὐτὰ ἐγκλήματα, ἀλλ᾽ ἔστω τὰ κριθέντα ὑπὸ τοῦ διαιτητοῦ κύρια.”
[9
4] Read also the law concerning arbitrators.”Law
[If any parties are in dispute concerning private contracts and wish to choose any arbitrator, it shall be lawful for them to choose whomsoever they wish. But when they have chosen by mutual agreement, they shall abide by his decisions and shall not transfer the same charges from him to another court, but the judgements of the arbitrator shall be final.]”
[95] κάλει δὴ καὶ τὸν Στράτων᾽ αὐτὸν τὸν τὰ τοιαῦτα πεπονθότα: ἑστάναι γὰρ ἐξέσται δήπουθεν αὐτῷ.
οὗτος, ὦ ἄνδρες Ἀθηναῖοι, πένης μὲν ἴσως ἐστίν, οὐ πονηρὸς δέ γε. οὗτος μέντοι πολίτης ὤν, ἐστρατευμένος ἁπάσας τὰς ἐν ἡλικίᾳ στρατείας καὶ δεινὸν οὐδὲν εἰργασμένος, ἕστηκε νυνὶ σιωπῇ, οὐ μόνον τῶν ἄλλων ἀγαθῶν τῶν κοινῶν ἀπεστερημένος, ἀλλὰ καὶ τοῦ φθέγξασθαι ἢ ὀδύρασθαι: καὶ οὐδ᾽ εἰ δίκαι᾽ ἢ ἄδικα πέπονθεν, οὐδὲ ταῦτ᾽ ἔξεστιν αὐτῷ πρὸς ὑμᾶς εἰπεῖν.
[95] Call also Strato, the victim of this persecution, for no doubt he will be allowed to stand up in court.
This man, Athenians, is a poor man perhaps, but certainly not a bad man. He was once a citizen and served at the proper age in all the campaigns; he has done nothing reprehensible, yet now there he stands silent, stripped not only of all our common privileges, but also of the right to speak or complain; he is not even allowed to tell you whether he has suffered justly or unjustly.