Wisdom Wide and Deep
Page 48
320 M. 106:10 Āneñjasappāya Sutta: The Way to the Imperturbable
321 Vism. XXI:65
322 Vism. XXI:64
323 Vism. XXII:9
324 D. 11:85 Kevaddha Sutta: About Kevaddha. I have modified the translator’s use of the phrase “name and form” to “mentality and materiality” in order to conform with Venerable Pa-Auk Sayadaw’s use of terminology and maintain consistency throughout this book.
325 S. 43:14–43
326 Ud. 5:5
327 Vism. XXII:14
328 Vism. XXII:11
329 S. 55:24
330 M. 1 Mūlapariyāya Sutta: The Root of all Things
331 Sn. 3:11(714) Nālaka Sutta: Nālaka
332 M. 105 Sunakkhatta Sutta: To Sunakkhatta
CHAPTER 19: OF LASTING BENEFIT: PRACTICE IN THE MIDST OF DAILY LIFE
333 Sn 5:11(1098) Jatukaṇṇīmānavapuccha: Jatukaṇṇis’s Question
334 S. 9:14(795–801)
335 Sn. 5:11(1099) Jatukaṇṇīmānavapuccha: Jatukaṇṇi’s Question
336 Dhp. verse 183
337 S. 9:9(783–784)
338 M. 151:2 Pindapataparisuddhi Sutta: The Purification of Almsfood
Bibliography
PRIMARY SOURCES
Pa-Auk Tawya Sayadaw. Knowing and Seeing, revised edition, Kuala Lumpur: WAVE Publications, 2003.
–––. The Workings of Kamma, Singapore: Pa-Auk Meditation Centre, 2008.
TRANSLATIONS OF PALI CANON AND ANCIENT BUDDHIST COMMENTARY
Bodhi, Bhikkhu, ed. Abhidhammattha Sangaha: A Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma, Pariyatti edition, Seattle: Buddhist Publication Society, 2000.
–––, trans. The Connected Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Saṃyutta Nikāya, Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2000.
Ehara, N. R. M., Soma Thera, and Kheminda Thera, trans. The Vimuttimagga: The Path of Freedom by Arahant Upatissā, Kandy: Buddhist Publications Society, 1977.
Fronsdal, Gil, trans. The Dhammapada: A New Translation of the Buddhist Classic, Boston: Shambhala Publications, 2005.
Ireland, John D., trans. The Udana and the Itivuttaka: Inspired Utterances of the Buddha and the Buddha’s Sayings, Kandy: Buddhist Publication Society, 1997.
Ñāṇamoli, Bhikkhu, trans. Visuddhimagga: The Path of Purification: The Classic Manual of Buddhist Doctrine and Meditation, by Bhadantācariya Buddhaghosa, Kandy: Buddhist Publications Society, 1991.
–––. The Dispeller of Delusion: Sammohavinodanī Parts I and II, Oxford: Pali Text Society, 1996.
–––. The Middle Length Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Majjhima Nikāya (ed. and rev. Bhikkhu Bodhi), Boston: Wisdom Publications, 1995.
Nyanaponika Thera and Bhikkhu Bodhi, trans. and ed. Numerical Discourses of the Buddha: An Anthology of Suttas from the Aṅguttara Nikāya, Walnut Creek: Alta Mira Press, 1999.
Mendis, N. K. G., The Questions of King Milinda: An Abridgement of the Milindapañha, Kandy: Buddhist Publications Society, 2001.
Saddhātissā, H., trans. Sutta Nipāta, London: Curzon Press, 1994.
Thanissāro, Bhikkhu, trans. Handful of Leaves, Vols. 1–4, San Diego: Mettā Forest Monastery, 2002–2003.
Walshe, Maurice, trans. The Long Discourses of the Buddha: A Translation of the Dīgha Nikāya, Boston: Wisdom Publications, 1995.
CONTEMPORARY TEACHINGS
Analayo. Satipaṭṭhāna: The Direct Path To Realization, Burmingham: Windhorse Publications, 2004.
Buddhadasa, Bhikkhu. Handbook for Mankind, Bangplad: Dhammasapa, 1998.
Catherine, Shaila. Focused and Fearless: A Meditator’s Guide to States of Deep Joy, Calm, and Clarity, Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2008.
Flickstein, Mathew. Swallowing the River Ganges: A Practice Guide to the Path of Purification (reprinted in 2007 as The Meditator’s Atlas), Boston: Wisdom Publications, 2001.
Matara Sri Ñāṇārāma Mahāthera. The Seven Stages of Purification and the Insight Knowledges, Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publication Society, 1983.
Ñāṇamoli, Bhikkhu. Life of the Buddha According to the Pali Canon, Kandy, Sri Lanka: Buddhist Publications Society, 1992.
Poonja, H. W. L. The Truth Is, San Anselmo, CA: VidyaSagar Publications, 1998.
Ronkin, Noa. Early Buddhist Metaphysics: The Making of a Philosophical Tradition, London: Routledge Curzon Press, 2005.
Thānissaro, Bhikkhu. The Shape of Suffering, Valley Center, CA: Metta Forest Monastery, 2008
U Jotika, Sayādaw. A Map of The Journey, Yangon, Myanmar: Waterfall Publishing House, 2004.
Glossary of Pali Terms and Buddhist Concepts
Abhidhamma A comprehensive analysis of empirical reality. The “third basket” (piṭaka) or group of texts in the Buddhist canon which emphasizes an analytical consideration of dhammas.
Abhidhammattha Saṅgaha The Comprehensive Manual of Abhidhamma, literally translated as “a compendium of things contained in the Abhidhamma,” was probably composed by Ācariya Anuruddha sometime between the tenth and twelfth centuries in Sri Lanka. It has become the most widely used introduction to the Abhidhamma.
abhinīhāra kusala Skill in resolution.
adhimokkha Decision, conviction.
adosa Nonhatred.
āhāraja ojaṭṭhamaka kalāpa Eight-factored material kalāpa that contains nutritive essence as the eighth factor, and is produced by nutriment.
ahirika Shamelessness of wrongdoing. A willingness to do evil actions based on an absence of self-respect.
ājīva Livelihood.
ākāsa Space. The aspect of materiality that defines the borders, gaps, and apertures surrounding other material phenomena. Can also refer to spatial concepts that point to areas void of perceptible matter.
akusala Unwholesome, unskillful, unprofitable.
alobha Nongreed.
amoha Nondelusion. Seeing things as they actually are, free from misperception. Often used synonymously with paññā, ñāṇa, and vijjā.
anāgāmī Nonreturner. One who has attained the third stage of enlightenment. An anāgāmī has uprooted the defilements of greed for sense desires and anger. This person will experience no more rebirths in sensual realms.
ānāpānasati Mindfulness with breathing.
anattā Not-self. The absence of inherent or independent self-existence; the lack of self-essence. The third of three characteristics common to all conditioned phenomena. The recognition of anattā is dependent upon anicca and dukkha.
Aṅguttara Nikāya The Incremental Discourses or The Numerical Discourses. A canonical collection of Buddhist discourses that are organized by numerical list.
anicca Impermanence. The first of three characteristics common to all conditioned phenomena.
anipphannarūpa Nonconcrete or unreal materiality. Refers to ten qualities or modes of corporeality.
anottappa Fearlessness of wrongdoing. A willingness to do evil actions based on an absence of respect for others.
anusaya Underlying tendencies, tendencies toward.
anussati Recollection.
āpo Water.
arahant Fully enlightened being. One who has uprooted all the defilements and experiences no more mental suffering. Having attained the fourth and final stage of enlightenment, he or she will not be reborn.
ārammaṇa Object, basis, condition, ground, cause, support. Refers to the various meditation objects included in this training, but more broadly, it refers to any object that consciousness arises in dependence upon.
ārammaṇa kusala Skill in the object.
ārammaṇaghana Compactness of object.
ariya Noble, noble one.
ariyamagga Noble path consciousness. The culmination and goal of vipassanā practice. The experience of the cessation of matter and mind, that is, the temporary cessation of all conditioned experience. There are four levels of noble path consciousness, each one uproots particular defilements.
ariyaphala Fruition, noble fruit. Refers to the consciousness moments that follo
w a noble path consciousness. In this state the mind experiences the peaceful cessation of mental and material constructions and may dwell with nibbāna as the object for an extended period of time.
arūpa Immaterial.
āsava Taint, corruption, influx, outflow. Refers to four defilements that obstruct liberation: 1) taint of sensual desire, 2) taint of desiring existence, 3) taint of ignorance, 4) taint of wrong view.
asubha Repulsive. Lit. “not beautiful.”
avijjā Ignorance. Not seeing what is true—namely, the impermanence, unsatisfactoriness, and not-self characteristics of things; and seeing what is not true—namely, the erroneous assumption that objects and experiences possess permanence, happiness, and self-nature.
bhava Becoming, existence.
bhāva Nature. Refers to sexual characteristics of the body. A commentarial term that refers to the material faculties of femininity and masculinity.
bhāva dasaka kalāpa Ten-factored material kalāpas that contain sex-determining materiality as the tenth factor.
bhāvanā Mental development.
bhavaṅgacitta Life-continuum consciousness. A kamma resultant type of consciousness that functions to link cognitive processes.
bhikkhu Full male renunciate. A male monk in the Buddhist order who keeps the 227 rules of the Vinaya, shaves his head, wears robes, and lives dependent on alms. Sometimes refers to both lay and ordained practitioners who keep away from the dangers of worldly life to seek release from samsaric existence.
bhikkhunī Full female renunciate. A female nun in the Buddhist order who observes the Vinaya for women, shaves her head, wears robes, and lives dependent on alms.
bodhi Awakening, enlightenment.
brahmaloka A type of divine realm. A brahma is a denizen of that realm.
brahmavihāra Divine abode. Refers to four qualities or boundless states: loving-kindness, compassion, appreciative joy, equanimity.
Buddha One who is awakened. The historical Buddha lived in northern India between the fourth and fifth centuries BCE.
Buddhānussati Recollection of the virtues of the Buddha.
cakkhu Eye.
cetanā Intention, volition.
cetasika Mental factor. Refers to the mental factors that are associated with any moment of consciousness.
cakkhu dasaka kalāpa Ten-factored material kalāpas that contain eye-sensitivity materiality as the tenth factor.
chanda Desire. The willingness to act. This can be toward wholesome or unwholesome pursuits.
citta Mind, consciousness, mental state. Sometimes used synonymously with manas or viññāṇa.
cittaja ojaṭṭhamaka kalāpa Eight-factored material kalāpa that contains nutritive essence as the eighth factor, and is produced by mind.
cuticitta Death consciousness. This is a process-freed type of consciousness that occurs at the moment of death.
dāna Generosity, giving, donation, offering. Considered a fundamental practice for those who want to diminish the force of craving.
deva Celestial being, radiant being, angel, deity.
dhamma The nature of things, natural law, or fundamental truth. The teaching of the Buddha, the practice of virtue, meditation, and wisdom, the liberating path. (Sanskrit: Dharma)
Dhammapada Verses on the teaching. A canonical compilation of brief teachings that are quoted as popular sayings of the Buddha.
dhammas (dhammā) Objects, natural phenomena, qualities. A philosophical word that refers to any conditioned mental or material object or the unconditioned. In the early Discourses of the Buddha, the singular form (dhamma) was primarily used to refer to the doctrine of the Buddha’s teachings. With the development of Abhidhamma theory, the plural form (Pali, dhammā; English-Pali fusion, dhammas) was used to refer to all experiential phenomena.
dhātu Element. May refer to material or immaterial elements.
Dīgha Nikāya The Long Discourses. A collection of Discourses of the Buddha that are comparatively long.
diṭṭhi View, opinion. Often refers to the wrong view that takes something to be substantial and permanent when in fact it is impermanent and not-self.
domanassa Grief. Refers to mental pain.
dosa Hatred, aversion, anger, animosity, hostility, not-wanting. The state of mind that turns away from a painful experience. Along with lobha and moha, one of the three forces that perpetuate suffering.
dukkha Unsatisfactoriness, suffering, pain, stress. The second of three characteristics common to all conditioned phenomena. Results from impermanence and craving.
dvāra Door. Refers to the sense doors of eye, ear, nose, tongue, body, and mind.
ekaggatā One-pointedness of mind that unifies consciousness with a single object.
gandha Odor.
ghana Mass, compact, solid, thick, dense.
ghāna Nose.
gocara Range, domain, resort, pasture, arena, field.
gocara kusala Skill in the range.
hadaya dasaka kalāpa Ten-factored material kalāpas that contain heart-base materiality as the tenth factor.
hadayarūpa The material heart.
hadayavatthu Heart base. Material basis for consciousness. Theravāda tradition believes that mind processes arise dependent upon sensitivities within blood in a chamber of the heart.
hetu Cause, reason, condition. Often used in conjunction with mūla, which means root.
hiri Shame of wrongdoing that is based on self-respect.
iddhi Success, power. Refers to accomplishments in concentration and insight, or psychic powers.
indriya Faculty.
issā Envy, jealousy. The wish that others not experience happiness or success.
itthibhāva indriya Femininity faculty. The material element that determines the features, signs, and ways of the female.
jarā Aging, decay.
jāti Birth.
javana Impulsion. Refers to the phase of the cognitive process in which consciousness experiences the object most vividly.
jhāna Meditative absorption in which the mind is single-pointedly unified with a single perception. Four primary jhānas are emphasized in this book, each of which is defined by specific mental factors.
jīva Life.
jivhā Tongue.
jīvita navaka kalāpa Nine-factored material kalāpa that contains life faculty as the ninth factor. Functions as “digestive fire.”
jīvitindriya; jīvita Life faculty, vitality. The factor responsible for maintaining the existence of other material elements and mental factors.
kalāpa Group, unit, cluster.
kallitā kusala Skill in pliancy.
kāma Sensuality, desire for sense objects.
kāmacchanda Sensual desire. The term for the first hindrance.
kāmarāga Sensuous lust.
kamma Action. Wholesome or unwholesome action that leads to results. (Sanskrit: karma)
kamma vipāka The results of action.
kammaññatā Workability, wieldiness. A feature of material elements and mental states expressed by pliancy, strength, and adaptability.
kammanta Action. Right action refers to restraint from killing, stealing, and sexual misconduct.
kammasatti Force of action, potency, potential. Refers to the potential for causes to bring results.
kammaṭṭhāna Lit. “working-ground.” The term refers to the various subjects of meditation such as breath, color, space, compassion, repulsive corpse, etc.
kammavaṭṭa Kamma round. Refers to the kamma force produced by both wholesome and unwholesome actions.
karuṇā Compassion. The wish that beings not suffer. The second of the four brahmavihāras.
kasiṇa Lit. complete or whole. Refers to the ten expanded concentration subjects that include four colors and six elements.
kāya Body. May refer to the anatomical body or to a grouping of either material or immaterial things as we might refer to “a body of water,” or “a body of knowledge.” In this book I render kāya sometimes liter
ally as “body” and other times more descriptively as “mental body” or “associated mental factors.”
kāya dasaka kalāpa Ten-factored material kalāpas that contain body-sensitivity as the tenth factor.
kāyaviññatti Bodily intimation. The material property that manifests as a bodily display of intention such as through gestures and movement.
khandha Aggregate. The five aggregates that constitute a being include: materiality, feeling tone, perception, formations, and consciousness.
kiccaghana Compactness of function.
kilesa Defilement. A torment of mind.
kilesavaṭṭa Defilement round. Refers to the ignorance, craving, grasping, and wrong views that perpetuate future existence.
kukkucca Worry, remorse.
kusala Wholesome, skillful, profitable.
lahutā Lightness. A feature of material elements and mental states expressed by quickness, agility, and mobility.
lakkhaṇa Characteristic. The salient quality of the phenomenon. The three characteristics of existence include: anicca, dukkha, anattā.
lobha Greed, attachment. The mind’s grasping on to a pleasant experience. Along with dosa and moha, one of the three forces that perpetuate suffering.
loka World.
macchariya Possessiveness, avarice, stinginess, miserliness. The wish not to see others as happy as one is oneself; manifests in the unwillingness to share.
magga Path. Word for the productive moment of enlightenment when the mind takes nibbāna as the object and defilements are uprooted.
Majjhima Nikāya The Middle Length Discourses. A collection of Discourses of the Buddha that are primarily presented in narrative structures and are of moderate length.
māna Conceit, pride. Often manifests through comparisons of better, worse, or equal to.
manas (mano) Mind, consciousness. May be used synonymously with citta or viññāṇa.
manasikāra Attention.
manodvāravajjana Mind-door adverting consciousness. Functions to receive and recognize the impact of mental data. In a mind-door cognitive process this functions similar to the voṭṭhabbanacitta in a sense-door process.
māra A metaphorical figure in Buddhist scripture that personifies the hindrances that obstruct concentration or insight. The lord of all conditioned realms who attempts to keep beings tied to sensual existence. Is sometimes called the evil one, the tempter, king of death. Derived from maraṇa, the Pāli term for “death.”