A Country I Do Not Recognize
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84. See “U.S. Military Aid Tied to Court Immunity” (Aug 14, 2002), at Cable News Network, http://www.cnn.com/2002/ALLPOLITICS/08/14/aid.criminalcourts/.
85. See, e.g., “Human Rights Watch, EU Commitment to Criminal Court Facing Test” (Aug. 28, 2002) at Human Rights Watch, http://www.hrw.org/press/2002/08/article98-0828.htm.
86. Declaration of Independence, par. 2.
Index
Abington School District v. Schempp, xvn9, 89, 94–96, 98
abortion, xiv, xxx, 20–22, 48, 50, 76, 135;
restrictions on, 38;
Warren Court and, 33
activist decisions, 35
Adamson v. California, 62n18
Adkins v. Children’s Hospital, 67n38, 79n98
aggression, 173
Agostini v. Felton, 100
Aguilar v. Felton, 99–100
aid, to religious schools, 23, 28
Albright, Madeline, 172
Albright v. Oliver, 81n101
Alden v. Maine, 36n88
Alien Tort Claims Act (ATCA), xxxv;
first invoked, 160;
forgotten statute of, 160–62;
introduction, 159–60
Allende, Salvador, 153
Allgeyer v. Louisiana, 66n34
amendment process, 50–51
American citizenry, xii;
legitimacy of, xiv, xix
American Civil Liberties Union, xvi, 27
American Communist Party, 30
American flag, burning of, 29;
desecration of, xxvi
Amish, 106
anticontraception law, 20, 28
anti-intellectualism, xxv
antinationalists, 5
Arbour, Louise, 180n81
Argentine Republic v. Amerada Hess Shipping Corp., 163
arms control, 121
Articles of Confederation, 12
ATCA. See Alien Tort Claims Act
Atkins v. Virginia, 34n80
Axworthy, Lloyd, 120–21, 123
Bailey v. Drexel Furniture Co., 25n51
Baldwin v. Missouri, 80n99
Barron v. Baltimore, 68n42, 78n87
Bassiouni, Cherif, on universal jurisdiction, 137–38
Belgian weltmacht, 156–59
Belgium, universal jurisdiction in, 156–59
Benton v. Maryland, 17n34
Bible, xv, 12, 94
Bill of Rights, xviii, 10n16, 13, 18–19, 70, 93, 115;
Fourteenth Amendment and, 68;
guarantees of, 71n56
birth control, 70–71, 135
Black, Galen, 106
Black, Hugo, 16, 27, 30, 62n18, 69, 75–76, 88–89, 92–93, 98, 103
Blackmun, Harry A., xviii, xix, 24, 41;
on family rights, xvii
blame, shame, name, 125
Blatchford, Samuel, 62
blue laws, 102
BMW of North America v. Gore, 81n101
Board of County Commissioners, Wabaunsee County, Kansas v. Umbehr, xin3
Board of Education v. Allen, 97–98
Bork, Robert H., 52, 162–63, 165–66
Bourquin, Maurice, 116
Bowers v. Hardwick, xvii, 72n58, 73–74, 80, 83
Brandeis, Louis, xiii, 60–63
Brecht, Bertolt, xiv–xv
Brennan, William J., Jr., 3, 24, 27, 33n73, 41, 71n56, 94
Breyer, Stephen, 35
Brown v. Allen, 20, 28n56, 41–42;
nondiscrimination principle of, 43–44
Brown v. Board of Education, xn1, 22–23, 22n43, 26–27
Brutus, on independence of judges, 5–6
Buckley, William, F., Jr., 4
Burger Court, 32–34, 37
Burger, Warren Earl, 27, 103;
desegregation and, 44
Burke, Edmund, 25
Bush, George, H. W., 99, 127, 158
Bush, George W., 123, 136, 174;
Supreme Court appointments of, 51
Bush v. Gore, 35
busing, 45, 48;
costs of, 48n117
Calder v. Bull, 63n20, 77
Caminetti v. United States, 37n93
Cantwell v. Connecticut, 85–86, 105
capital punishment, 38, 41;
Rehnquist Court and, 34;
Supreme Court and, 24
Cardozo, Benjamin, 68
Carolene Products Co. v. United States, 16, 68
Casey, Lee A., xxxiii–xxxv
CCW. See Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons
Chase, Samuel, 7, 63n20, 77
Cheney, Dick, 158
Chicago, Milwaukee, and St. Paul Railway Co. v. Minnesota, 62n18, 66
choice of law issues, 164
Church of the Lukumi Babalu Aye, Inc. v. Hialeah, 107–8
Churchill, Winston, 53, 144
church-related schools, public aid to, 97–102
City of Boerne v. Flores, 33n73, 107
City of Indianapolis v. Edmond, 34n78
Civil Rights Act (1875), 25
Civil Rights Act (1964), xxiv, 25–26;
opponents of, 42;
Title IV, 45;
Title VI, 41, 44, 46;
Title VII, 46, 46n112
Civil War Amendments, 13
Clark, Tom, 94
Clark, Wesley, 172
Clinton, William Jefferson, 99, 123, 128–29, 136, 174;
Supreme Court appointments of, 51
Coalition for the International Criminal Court, 122
Cohen v. California, xxviii, 29n57
Cold War, 30, 113, 133
Collins v. Collins, 24n47
Colorado Constitution, 34
Commentaries on the Constitution of the United States (Story), xxi, 78
Commission on Global Governance, 127
common law system, 82
Communism, xxiii, 30
complementarity, 176
Conference on Disarmament, 121
Conference on Environment and Development (1992), 124
conservative activism, 36
conservatives, 33;
identified in Supreme Court, 35
constitutional adjucation, 76
constitutional amendments, 50–51
constitutional federalism, 37n93
constitutional history, 76–77
constitutional judicial review, meaning of, 14;
origin of, 5–8
constitutional language, 15;
liberty and, 63
constitutional law, xii, 75;
contending forces in, xxix;
defined, 2;
derelicts of, 82;
homogenization of, xxxv;
irrelevance of U.S. Constitution to, 11–24;
point of, 33;
as series of political impulses, xxv;
as similar to international law, xxxi;
social policy choices and, 27–28;
U.S. Constitution overthrown by, 2–5;
values v., ix
constitutional revolution, of 1937, 15–16
constitutional self-government, 59, 80;
erosion of, 82
constitutionalism, 6;
justification for, 9;
meaning of, 8
constructive ingenuity, 59
Contracts Clause, 10n18
Convention on Certain Conventional Weapons (CCW), 121
Cooper v. Aaron, 47n114
County of Allegheny v. ACLU, 103–4
court-packing plan, 15
courts, deconstruction by, x;
as ultimate law-givers, xii
Cox v. Louisiana, 29n59
Craig v. Boren, 15n27
crimes, against humanity, 173;
against peace, 145
cultural elite, 3–4;
judicial review and, 38–47;
speaking and, 40
culture war, xxvi, 3, 38
Curtis, Benjamin, 79
Curtis Publishing v. Butts, 30n63
Danbury Baptists, 89
&nbs
p; Davenport, David, xxxii–xxxiv
Davey, Joshua, 108–9
Davidson v. New Orleans, 14n25
Day v. Trans World Airlines, 169n66
death penalty, international law and, 130
Declaration of Independence, 115
Demjanjuk v. Petrovsky, 143n11, 152n32
democracy, fragility of, 48;
theory of, 39
democratic federalism, 38
Democratic Republic of the Congo, 157
Democratic Republic of the Congo v. Belgium, 147
Denver Area Educ. Telecomm. Consortium, Inc. v. FCC, 29n57, 34n80
deprivation of property, without due process, 66
Derbyshire, John, on judicial elites, x
derelicts of constitutional law, 82
desegregation, 43–45
Devlin, Patrick, xix
Dickerson v. United States, 34n77, 35n83
Dirty War (Argentina), 153–54
discrimination, racial, 26, 30, 42;
sex, xxiii, 30, 33, 34;
viewpoint, 108;
in work place, 46, 46n112
Doe v. Bolton, 75n75
Doe v. Unocal Corp., 162n50
Dolan v. City of Tigard, 36n86
domestic tort law, 164
Douglas, William O., xiii, 16, 18–19, 27, 30, 71n56, 75, 89, 92;
substantive due process and, 70
Dred Scott v. Sandford, 21, 24–26, 79, 82;
substantive due process and, 65
Drug Enforcement Administration, 166
due process, 14–15, 53;
boundaries of, 72–73;
deprivation of property without, 66;
natural law and, 62n18;
personal rights v. property rights and, 69;
Scalia and, 81;
technical meaning of, 64–65. See also substantive due process
Duncan v. Louisiana, 17n30
Eakin v. Raub, 8n11
Eastland, Terry, xv, xvi, xxii
Edwards, Harry, 161–62, 164–65
Eichmann, Adolph, xxxiv;
trial of, 149–53
Eisenstadt v. Baird, 71n56
Elementary and Secondary Education Act of 1965, Title I, 99–100
Elfbrandt v. Russell, 30n62
elites, ix–x;
Supreme Court justices as, 4
Elk Grove Unified School District v. Newdow, 104, 109
Employment Division v. Smith, 33n73, 106–7
enemies, of all mankind, 138–42
Engel v. Vitale, 17n32, 92–94, 96
Equal Access Act, 97
equal protection, 53
Equal Rights Amendment, 30, 31
equality, xii–xiii
Erie R. Co. V. Tompkins, 168
Ervin, Sam, on desegregation, 45
EU. See European Union
European Convention on Human Rights, 130
European model, xv
European project, 180–83
European Union (EU), xxxv, 114, 120, 127;
priority of, 181
Everson, Arch, 88, 91
Everson v. Board of Education, 87, 89–91, 97, 102
evolutionism, xxix–xxx
extradition, 154
Falklands War (1982), 163
family, sacredness of, xxvi;
value of, xvii
federal common law, 161, 168
Federal Maritime Comm’n v. South Carolina Ports Auth., 36n88
Federal Tort Claims Act (FTCA), 166
federalism, 12
The Federalist, 73
Ferguson v. Skrupa, 16n28, 69–70
Fifteenth Amendment, 13–14, 54
Fifth Amendment, 18, 36, 71n56;
due process clause of, 23, 58, 64
Filartiga v. Pena, 160–65
Final Solution, 149
First Amendment, xiii, xv, xxx, 17, 23, 30, 61, 67, 71n56, 85, 87–89, 93;
accommodationist view of, 92;
establishment clause of, 86, 94, 98, 104, 109–10;
free exercise clause of, 86, 94, 107, 109–10;
free speech clause of, 108;
religion clauses of, 23;
religion treatment in, 86;
as Supreme Court weapon, 29
First Congress (1789), 90, 93, 167
First English Evangelical Lutheran Church v. County of Los Angeles, 36n86
flag-salute ceremony, 87
Fletcher v. Peck, 63n21
Florida Prepaid Postsecondary Educ. Expense Bd. v. Coll. Sav Bank, 36n88
force, 6
Ford, Gerald R., 49
foreign languages prohibition, 67
Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976 (FSIA), 159;
exception to, 163
Fourteenth Amendment, xviii, xxi, 9, 13–14, 23, 31, 36, 53–55, 65, 67, 68n42, 70, 72, 75, 80, 85;
Bill of Rights and, 68;
due process clause of, 17, 21, 58, 62, 68;
equal protection clause of, xxiv, 19, 23;
judicial review and, 54;
privileges/immunities clause of, 14
Fourth Amendment, xxix–xxx, 71n56
Frankfurter, Felix, 92;
on U.S. Constitution and Supreme Court, 10n17
Franks, Tommy, 158
freedom, matrix of, 68
French Court of Cassation, 157
Frontiero v. Richardson, 31n65
FSIA. See Foreign Sovereign Immunities Act of 1976
FTCA. See Federal Tort Claims Act
functional judicial review, 16
Furman v. Georgia, 28n54
Garzon, Balthazar, 153–54
Geneva Conventions, 155, 172
genocide, 155, 171, 173
Genocide Convention, 155
Ginsburg, Ruth Bader, 31, 35, 41
Gitlow v. New York, 67n39, 68n42
global governance, 124, 127, 133
global security, 133
global warming, price-tag on preventing, 129
globalists, xxxiv, 125;
treaty-based agenda of, 134
Gobitis, Walter, 87
Goering, Hermann, 144
Goldberg, Arthur, 27
Good News Club v. Milford Central School, 108n39
Graglia, Lino A., xiii, xv
Graham v. Richardson, 15n27, 31n68
Grand Council of Ayatollah, Supreme Court compared to, 3
Green v. County School Board, 42–43, 52
Gregg v. Georgia, 24n47
Griggs v. Duke Power Co., 46
Griswold v. Connecticut, xiiin5, 18, 20, 23–24, 28, 41n96, 60n11, 67, 69–71, 73–75
group identity, x
Grutter v. Bollinger, 4n3, 35n82, 36, 41n98;
compared to United States v. Virginia, xxiii–xxiv
Hague Convention, 146n17
Hall, Kermit, 99
Hamburger, Philip, 91
Hamilton, Alexander, 6, 8, 10, 25, 27, 47–48, 64, 73
Hammer V. Dagenhart, 25n51
Hand, Learned, 39
Harlan, John Marshall, on due process, 69
Hedges, Charles, 139
Heydrich, Reinhard, 149
Himmelfarb, Gertrude, xxvi
Himmler, Heinrich, 149
Hitler, Adolph, 143–44
Holmes, Oliver Wendell, 79–80
Holocaust survivors, 29
Home Building and Loan Ass’n v. Blaisdell, 10n18
homosexuality, xxi, xxx, 34–35, 58, 73, 76
House of Lords, 154–55, 157
Hughes, Charles Evans, 47;
on due process, 67n41
Human Rights Commission, 127
human security, national security v., xxxiii
Humphrey, Hubert, 44–45
Hussein, Saddam, 137, 172
ICC prosecutors, 179–80
ICC. See International Criminal Court
ICJ. See International Court of Justice
Ikle, Fred, xxxin31
ILC. See International Law Commission
ill humor
s, 9–10
immunity, 147–49;
rule of, 157–58
impeachment, 7;
of Supreme Court justices, 48–49
Imperial Judiciary, 76
impunity, 182
IMT. See International Military Tribunal
infringement, of ambassadorial rights, 165, 167
integration, 42–44
International Campaign to Ban Land Mines, 121
International Committee of the Red Cross, 121
international community, 175
International Convention against Torture and Other Cruel, Inhuman, or Degrading Treatment or Punishment of 1984 (Torture Convention), 154
International Court of Justice (ICJ), xxxiii, 147;
universal jurisdiction and, 157
International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights, 167
International Criminal Court (ICC), xxxii, xxxv, 114;
authority of, 176;
creation of, 173–74;
jurisdiction of, 136, 173, 176n74;
prosecutors, 179–80;
role of, 136;
U.S. and, 182
International Criminal Tribunal for Rwanda, 180n81
International Criminal Tribunal for the Former Yugoslavia, 180n81
international diplomacy, 113
international law, American interpretation of, 169;
American values/interests challenged by, 128–33;
as crystallization of international politics, 116;
as customary law, 159;
death penalty and, 130;
discontents and, 115–17;
expansion in, xxxii–xxxiii, 114;
movement away from U.N., 131;
ordinary rule of, 142;
as similar to constitutional law, xxxi;
threat to U.S. sovereignty, 132;
three-way expansion of, 124–28;
top-down nature of, 115–16;
U.S. law v., 115–17
International Law Commission (ILC), 122
International Military Tribunal (IMT), xxxiv, 143;
Article 6, 145;
Article 7, 145
international prosecutors, 179
international tribunals, xxxi
Internet, pornography and, 34
interstate transportation, 68
Iraq war, 156
Iredell, James, 77
Israeli Supreme Court, 150, 154
Jackson, Andrew, on judges, 7n8
Jackson, Robert, 20, 88, 92;
on federal prosecutors, 177–78
Japan, war crimes and, 148
Japanese Instrument of Surrender, 148n25
Jaworski, Leon, 46
Jefferson, Thomas, 7–8, 88, 90–91;
on judges, 7n8
Jehovah’s Witnesses, 87
JOUAM. See Junior Order of United American Mechanics
judge-made law, 83
judges, as dangerous, 12;
independence of, 5–6;
protection from, 7;
role of, ix