Hemp for Health
Page 23
16. Hare, Practical Therapeutics, 181.
Reproduction, Metabolism, and Topical Applications
1. J. P. Purvis, Through Uganda to Mt. Elgon (London: Fisher Unwin, 1909), 336–37.
2. C. Leger and G. Nahas, “Kinetics of Cannabinoid Distribution and Storage with Special Reference to Brain and Testes,” Journal of Clinical Pharmacology (1981).
3. J. Zias, et al., “Early medical use of cannabis,” Nature 363 (1993): 215.
4. J. M. Watt and M. G. Breyer-Brandwijk, The Medicinal and Poisonous Plants of Southern Africa (Edinburgh: E&S Livingstone, 1932).
5. N. Goundry, trans., Da Ma. Translations from the Ben Cao Gang Mu (Madeira Park, B.C., 1995).
6. G.B.Wood and F. Bache, Dispensatory of the United States (Philadelphia, PA: Lippincott, Brambo and Co., 1854), 339.
7. R. Batho, “Cannabis Indica,” British Medical Journal (1883): 1002.
8. E. Abel, Marihuana.
9. “Women of Atala capture men and induce them to drink an intoxicating beverage made with cannabis indica. This potion endows the men with great sexual prowess, of which the women take advantage for enjoyment. A woman will enchant him with attractive glances, intimate words, smiles of love and then embraces. In this way she induces him to enjoy sex with her to her full satisfaction. Because of his increased sexual power, the man thinks himself stronger than 10,000 elephants and considers himself almost perfect.” Bhagavat-puran, 5:24:16.
10. A. Gottlieb, Sex, Drugs and Aphrodisiacs (Berkeley, CA: 20th Century Alchemy, 1973), 1993.
11. W. E. Dixon, “The Pharmacology of Cannabis indica,” 1354–57.
12. G. Biernson, “Data on Storage of Marijuana in the Body,” Drug Awareness Information Newsletter (March 1988).
13. J. P. Morgan, “Marijuana Metabolism in the Context of Urine Testing,” 107–15.
14. Peat, et. al., “The disposition of -9-THC.”
15. Lemberger, et al., “Marihuana: Studies on the Disposition and Metabolism of -9-THC in Man,” Science 170 (1970): 1320–22.
16. J. P. Morgan, Marijuana Metabolism in the Context of Urine Testing,” 107–15.
17. J. Navrátil, “Effectiveness of C. indica in Chronic Otitis Media” (in Czech) Acta. Univ. Palack. 6 (1955): 8; J. Jubácek, “A Study of the Effect of C. indica in Oto-rhinolaryngology” (in Czech) Acta. Univ. Palack. 6 (1955): 83; J. Jubácek, “A Contribution to the Treatment of Sinusitis Maxillaris” (in Czech) Acta. Univ. Palack. (1961): 207; S. Cohen, “Marijuana as Medicine,” Psychology Today (1978): 60.
18. L. Ferenczy, L. Gracza, and I. Jakobey, “An Antibacterial Preparation from Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.)” (in German) Naturwissenschaften 45 (1958): 188; J. Kabelik, Z. Krejci, and F. Santavy, “Cannabis as a Medicament,” UN Bulletin on Narcotics 12 (1960): 5-23; Z. Krejci, “On the Problem of Substances with Antibacterial Action: Cannabis Effect,” Casopis Lekaru Ceskych. 43 (1961): 1351–54; A. Radosevic, M. Kupinic, and L. Grlic, “Antibiotic Activity of Various Types of Cannabis Resin,” Nature 195: 1007–1009.
19. P. Lansky, “Marijuana as Medicine?”Health World (February 1991): 46–49.
20. Lancz, et al., “Interaction of -9-THC with Herpes V iruses and Cultural Conditions Associated with Drug-Induced Anti-Cellular Effects,” Drugs of Abuse, Immunity and Imunodeficiency, H. Friedman, et al., eds. (New York: Plenum Press, 1991), 287–304; Lancz, Specter, and Brown, “Suppressive Effect of -9-THC on Herpes Simplex Cir us Infectivity In Vitro, Proceedings of the Society for Experimental Biology and Medicine 196 (1991): 401–404.
21. L. S. Harris, A. E. Munson, and R. A. Carchman, “Antitumor Properties of Cannabinoids,” The Pharmacology of Marihuana, Braude and Szara, eds., (New York: Raven Press), vol. 2, 773–76.
22. Herodotus. Histories IV. 450 B.C. (Cambridge, MA: University Press, 1906), 74–76.
23. R. S. Lees and M. Karel, eds., Omega-6 Essential Fatty Acids in Health and Disease (New York: Marcel Dekker, 1990).
24. Encyclopaedia Britannica, “hemp.”
25. M. Marcandier, A Treatise on Hemp (Boston, MA: 1766).
Nutritious, Healthy Hempseed
1. C. Sagan, The Dragons of Eden (London: H&J Publishing, 1977).
2. House Committee on Ways and Means, National Institute of Oilseed Products Testimony to Congress. HR 6385, April and May, 1937.
3. U. Erasmus, Fats that Heal, Fats that Kill (Burnaby, B.C.: Alive Books, 1993), 44.
4. N. Goundry, trans., Da Ma.
5. Furr, Marion, and Mahlberg, “Histochemical Analyses of Laticifers and Glandular Trichomes in Cannabis sativa,” Journal of Natural Products 44 (1981): 153–59; Hemphill, Turner, and Mahlberg, “Cannabinoid Content of Individual Plant Organs from Different Geographical Strains of C. sativa L.,” Journal of Natural Products 43 (1980): 112–22; G. M. Petwardhan, et al., “Gas-chromatographic Detection of Resins in Cannabis Seeds,” Indian Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences 40 (1978): 166–67.
6. Original Sources, Box 7137, Boulder, CO 80306.
7. L. Osburn, “Hempseed: The Most Nutritionally Complete Food in the World. Part 1,” Hemp Line Journal 1 (1992): 14.
8. J. St. Angelo, et al., “Isolation of Edestin from Aleurone Grains of Cannabis sativa,” Archives of Biochemistry and Biophysics 124 (1968): 199–205.
9. Vichery, Smith, and Nolan, “A Substitute for Edestin,” Science 92 (1940): 317–18.
10. L. Osburn, “Hempseed: The Most Nutritionally Complete Food in the World,” 12, 14.
11. Erasmus, Fats that Heal, Fats that Kill, 127, 236–37, 285–291, 304.
12. Lees and Karel, Omega-6 Essential Fatty Acids in Health and Disease.
13. Adapted from K. Jones, Nutritional and Medicinal Guide to Hemp Seed. (Gibsons, B.C.: Rainforest Botanical Laboratory, 1995); D. F. Horrobin and M. S. Manku, Omega-6 Essential Fatty Acids (Alan R. Leis, 1990), 21–53.
14. A. Weil, “Therapeutic Hemp Oil,” Natural Health (March/April, 1993): 10–12.
15. “If we were deprived of the use of hempseed, it would affect all the pigeon producers in the US, of which there are upwards of 40,000.” R. G. Scarlett, of W.G. Scarlett Corp. of Baltimore, MD, House Committee on Ways and Means, Transcript of the Hearing on HR 6385, April and May, 1937.
16. J. D. Socias, Cáñamo: El Maravilloso Mundo de las Hierbas (Barcelona, Spain: Ed. Dalmau Socias, 1982, 1988).
17. Marcandier, Treatise on Hemp, 8–9.
Holistic Health and Hemp
1. B. Silver, “Deformed Frogs Alarm Students, Scientists,” San Francisco Examiner (October 10, 1996).
2. G. A. Lower, “Flax and Hemp: From the Seed to the Loom,” Mechanical Engineering (Feb. 26, 1937).
3. “Auto Body Made of Plastics Resists Denting under Hard Blows,” Popular Mechanics (December 1941); “Car-maker Turns to Cannabis—for fibre,” Nature 384 (1996): 95.
4. C. Conrad, Hemp, Lifeline to the Future (Los Angeles, CA: Creative Xpressions, 1994).
5. L. H. Dewey and J. L. Merrill, “Hemp Hurds as Paper-Making Material,” USDA Bulletin 404. (Washington, D. C.: U.S. Govt. Printing Office, 1916).
6. House Committee on Ways and Means, Transcript of the Hearing on HR 6385, April and May, 1937.
7. FBN Director Harry Anslinger to Asst. Sec. Treasury Stephen B. Gibbons, Feb. 1, 1936, see D. F. Musto, The American Disease: Origins of Narcotic Control (Clinton, MA: Colonial Press Inc., 1973), 224.
8. Yearbook of the U.S. Department of Agriculture, 1930 (Washington, DC: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1931).
9. Dewey, “Hemp,” 305–326.
10. J. Herer, Hemp and the Marijuana Conspiracy: The Emperor Wears No Clothes. (Van Nuys, CA: HEMP Publishing, 1991).
11. “The mighty hemp plant enters as savior of the moor lands. It grows quick and large and helps cultivate the land.… It keeps the moor ground dark and healthy.” Die Lustige Hanffibel (Berlin, Germany: Reich’s Nutritional Institute, 1943).
12. T. W. Harvey, USDA Extension Service Handbook on Agriculture and Home Economics (Washington, DC: U.S. Govern
ment Printing Office, 1926), 616–17.
13. T. Morton, New English Canaan (1632), 64.
14. T. Paine, Common Sense (1776).
15. W. Brune, Soil Conservation Service. Testimony to the Senate Committee on Agriculture and Forestry (July 6, 1976); S. King, “Iowa Rain and Wind Deplete Farmlands,” New York Times (Dececember 5, 1976), cited in Vegetarian Times (March 1985): 45–47.
16. USDA Soil Conservation Service. Summary Report, 1987 National Resources Inventory. Statistical Bulletin 790, December 1989.
17. F. M. Lappe, Diet for a Small Planet (New York: Ballantine Books, 1982), 80.
18. A. Barnum, “Many Mammal Species Described as Endangered,” San Francisco Chronicle (October 4, 1996).
19. The 1930 drought had a good effect on hemp grown in Kentucky, Illinois, and Wisconsin. USDA, The Official Record (December 25, 1930): 3.
20. B. Goldman, The Truth About Where You Live (New York: Times Books, 1991); “Warning: Unsafe for Human Life,” Longevity (August 1991): 22ff.
21. Cross, et al., “Current Issues in Food Production: A Perspective on Beef as a Component in Diets for Americans,” National Cattleman’s Association (April 1990): 526.
22. J. Cavender, cited in J. Phillips, “Authorities Examine Pot Claims,” Athens News (November 16, 1989).
23. “EPA Study Reinforces Link between Dioxin and Cancer,” Buffalo News (September 12, 1994).
24. “Hole in Ozone Layer Is Bigger than Ever, UN Official Says,” San Francisco Chronicle (November 28, 1996).
25. Dewey, “Hemp,” 305–26.
26. M. Hayes and H. Wilbur, Reports at National Research Council Conference (Irvine, CA: 1990); R. Cowen, “Vanishing Amphibians,” Science News (1990).
27. Only 20% of the hurd was used to fuel the plant. Sackett and Hobbs, Hemp: A War Crop (New York: Mason and Hanger Co., 1942).
28. N. Strawn, “Alcohol Fuels: Alternatives for Today and the Future,” Biologue (September 1990): 13–16.
29. D. Pimentel and M. Pimentel, Food, Energy and Society (1979), 59.
30. L. Brown of Worldwatch Institute. 1974 estimates, adjusted using 1988 figures from USDA Agricultural Statistics, 1989. Tables 74, High protein feeds, and 75, Feed concentrates fed to livestock & poultry; B. Resenberg, “Curb on US Waste Urged to Help the World’s Hungry,” New York Times (October 25, 1974); EarthSave, Realities for the 90s (Santa Cruz, CA: 1991).
31. I. Molotosky, “Animal Antibiotics Tied to Illness in Humans,” New York Times (February 22, 1987).
32. P. Baraniecki, L. Grabowska, and J. Mankowski, Biorohstoff Hanf (Nova Inst., 1995).
33. A. Teramura, “University of Maryland Study,” Discover (September 1989).
34. A. Haney and B. B. Kutscheid, “An Ecological Study of Naturalized Hemp (Cannabis sativa L.) in East-Central Illinois,” American Midland Naturalist 93 (1975).
35. HIA, PO Box 1080, Occidental, CA 95456. (500) 442-4367 (500-HIA-Hemp).
The Age of Deceit
1. Quoted by Jack Anderson, Washington Post (June 24, 1972).
2. “Deglamorising cannabis,” Lancet 346 (1995): 1241.
3. “Should the World Go to Pot?” New Times (February 7, 1991).
4. W. E. Dixon, “The Pharmacology of Cannabis indica,” 1354–57.
5. Sallan, et al., “Antiemetics in Patients Receiving Chemotherapy for Cancer,” 135; Vinciguerra, Moore, and Brennan, “Inhalation Marijuana as an Antiemetic for Cancer Chemotherapy,” 525–27.
6. Doblin and Kleiman, “Marihuana as Anti-emetic Medicine: A Survey of Oncologists’ Attitudes and Experiences,” 1275–80.
7. “Scientists Unlocking Secrets of Marijuana’s Effects,” Los Angeles Times (December 6, 1996).
8. Soderstrom, et al., “Marijuana and alcohol use among 1023 trauma patients,” Archives of Survey 123 (1988): 733–37.
9. H. Robbe and J. O’Hanlon, HS 808 078: Marijuana and Actual Driving Performance (Springfield, VA: US DOT Nat. Technical Information Service, 1993), 1.
10. “They kind of forget about the rest of the world. They’re not intentionally cutting somebody off, [they’re] just not seeing them.” John Violanti, who helped conduct the study. “Sunday,” San Francisco Chronicle (March 24, 1996).
11. A. Freco and L. Jenkins of the London Times, quoted in “Scientists Link Asthma, Cancer to Cell Phones,” San Francisco Examiner (June 3, 1996).
12. D. Baum, Smoke and Mirrors (New York: Little, Brown and Co., 1996), 237, 240; A. Hoffman and J. Silvers, Steal this Urine Test (New York: Viking Press, 1987), 121, 123.
13. J. P. Morgan, “Marijuana Metabolism in the Context of Urine Testing,” 107–15.
14. R. C. Kolodny, “Depression of Plasma Testosterone Levels after Chronic Intensive Marijuana Use,” NIDA Research Monograph Series No. 2 (1974): 30–31.
15. J. H. Mendelson, New England Journal of Medicine (November 1974).
16. G. Lean of the London Independent, quoted in “Low Sperm Counts May Be Due to Pesticides,” San Francisco Examiner (June 30, 1996).
17. “Should the World Go to Pot?” 15.
18. “Teen Drug Use Highest in Study’s History,” San Francisco Chronicle (September 26, 1996); J. Brown, “Teenagers’ Use of Drugs May Be Underestimated; Degree of Abuse Found to Be Far in Excess of Current Federal Estimates,” San Francisco Examiner (September 26, 1996).
19. K. Fagan, “Just Say No groups Mark 10 Effective Years,” San Francisco Chronicle (October 4, 1996).
20. L. Beil, “New Meaning for Chocolate High: Study Hints Sweet Is Similar to Marijuana,” San Francisco Examiner (August 22, 1996); D. Piomelli, et. al., Nature (August 22, 1996).
The Legal Prognosis
1. T. Jefferson, “A Summary View of the Rights of British America (1774), in Jefferson Writings, M.D. Peterson, ed. (New York: The Library of America, 1984), 110.
2. Report of the President’s Advisory Commission on Narcotics and Drug Abuse (1963).
3. P. Anderson, High in America: The true story behind NORML and the politics of marijuana (New York: Viking Press, 1981), 54.
4. Baum, Smoke and Mirrors, 9.
5. Speech at Anaheim, California (September 16, 1968).
6. Operations in Laos, under CIA operatives Theodore Shackley, Thomas Clines, and Richard Secord, were carried out by anticommunist Chinese Nationalists soldiers. A. McCoy, The Politics of Heroin in Southeast Asia.
7. Baum, Smoke and Mirrors, 54–55.
8. National Commission on Marihuana and Drug Abuse, Marihuana: A Signal of Misunderstanding (Washington, DC: U.S. Govt. Printing Office, 1972).
9. Constitution of the United States of America, Article VI.2.
10. Charter of the United Nations, Article 2.7.
11. Charter of the United Nations, Preamble.
12. Universal Declaration on Human Rights, Article 25.1.
13. Single Convention Treaty on Narcotic Drugs, Preamble, Article 28.
14. H. Anslinger, Testimony from Marijuana Tax Act Hearings (1937).
15. Sen. Robert LaFollette (1945).
16. The official hempseed sample of the United States is kept at the USDA Seed Bank in Colorado Springs, CO. DEA form 225 and a permit are required to possess fertile seed here.
17. F. Young, DEA Chief Administrative Law Judge, In the Matter of Marijuana Rescheduling Petition, Docket No. 86-22. (Washington, DC: September 6, 1988).
18. Silberman, Buckley, and Henderson, Circuit Judges, In the Matter of Marijuana Rescheduling Petition, Ninth circuit court of appeals (April 1991).
19. National Association of Attorneys General, Therapeutic use of marijuana, Committee on Criminal Law and Law Enforcement XI (June 25, 1983).
20. U.S. v. Randall, 104 Wash. DC Superior Court (1976), Daily Law rep. 2249; Florida v. Musikka, No. 88-4395 CFA, 17th Judicial Circuit Court (December 28, 1988).
21. S. Hadly, “Ex-Moorpark Official gets probation,” Los Angeles Times (July 4, 1996).
22. T. Mauro, “Legalize Marijuana, Prominent Jurist Says,” USA Today (September 14, 1
995).
23. “State Should be Allowed to Study Medical Pot Use,” Seattle Times (December 13, 1996).
24. “Government Extinguishes Marijuana Access, Advocates Smell Politics,” JAMA 267 (May 20, 1992): 2573.
25. “Pall of Turmoil and Concern Over Medical Marijuana Law: Good Judgment of Doctors is Only Real Protection for Now,” Los Angeles Times (November 10, 1996).
26. Signed ballot arguments, California Ballot Pamphlet (August 12, 1996): 60–61.
27. San Francisco Chronicle (September 28, 1996).
28. San Francisco Chronicle (November 10, 1996).
29. G. Martin, “Both Sides Say 215 Decriminalizes Pot Use,” San Francisco Chronicle (November 7, 1996).
30. “Pall of Turmoil and Concern Over Medical Marijuana Law: Good Judgment of Doctors is the Only Real Protection for Now,” Los Angeles Times (November 10, 1996).
31. Los Angeles Times (December 16, 1996).
32. R. Salladay, “Lungren Lays Down Medical Pot Law,” Oakland Tribune (December 4, 1996).
33. AMA, Code of Medical Ethics, 2.17 (1994).
34. “Scientists Advocate Marijuana for the Ill,” Reuter (November 15, 1994).
35. R. Doblin, “AIDS Wasting Syndrome Protocol Update,” MAPS Bulletin (Summer 1996): 67.
36. E. Larson, A.J. Ellsworth, and J. Oas, “Randomized Clinical Trials in Single Patients During a 2-Year Period,” Journal of the American Medical Association 270 (December 8, 1993): 2708–2712.
37. D. Spyker, CDER Research Proposal RFP: Multicenter single-patient randomized clinical trials of -9-THC (Submitted Febr uary 12, 1991).
38. C. Lochhead, “Lungren in Washington for Briefing on Pot Law,” San Francisco Chronicle (December 14, 1996).
39. G. Martin, “Prop 215 Attacked in US Senate,” San Francisco Chronicle (December 3, 1996).
40. “Governor Ponders Vetoes of 200, 201,” Arizona Republic (November 6, 1996).
41. Marijuana Policy Project, How Can a State Legislature Enable Patients to Use Medicinal Marijuana Despite Federal Prohibition, PO Box 77492, Washington, DC, 20013. 202-462-5747. Internet: http://www.mpp.org.
42. Washington Post Service, “Night Goggles Illuminate Military’s Drug Role,” Oakland Tribune (November 30, 1996).