Heritage and Foundations
Page 47
[←334 ]
Three Ortho-deductions which are Disputed by the World. — Tr.
[←335 ]
Released in French as Le cerveau d’acier (The Steel Brain). — Tr.
[←336 ]
Benoist is referring to the French translation which appeared in 1952: Cybernétique et Société; the English original appeared in 1950, two years after the previous book. — Tr.
[←337 ]
Correcting centaines (hundreds) in the French citation for certaines (certain, some), per the original English edition. — Tr.
[←338 ]
Thermodynamics, Cybernetics, and the Evolution of the Cosmos, in General Review of Sciences. — Tr.
[←339 ]
Treatise on Man. — Tr.
[←340 ]
Usually given as: L’organisation de la matière dans ses rapports avec la vie (1922) (The Organisation of Matter in its Relationships with Life). — Tr.
[←341 ]
Microscopic Man. — Tr.
[←342 ]
Man in Equation. — Tr.
[←343 ]
Cybernetics and its Theorists. — Tr.
[←344 ]
English translation: Chance and Necessity: Essay on the Natural Philosophy of Modern Biology (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1971). — Tr.
[←345 ]
English edition: Biological Order (Cambridge, MIT Press, 1962). — Tr.
[←346 ]
English edition: The Logic of Life: A History of Heredity (New York: Vintage, 1976). — Tr.
[←347 ]
I.e. the French edition: La double hélice. — Tr.
[←348 ]
French edition: Biologie moléculaire du gène (Ediscience). — Tr.
[←349 ]
The Genesis of Life. — Tr.
[←350 ]
The Biological Revolution. — Tr.
[←351 ]
German: Dialektik der Natur, French: La dialectique de la nature. — Tr.
[←352 ]
French edition: Populations, espèces, et evolution. — Tr.
[←353 ]
Monte Carlo is a card game akin to Patience or Solitaire, but also a mathematical method using randomness to generate numerical results. — Tr.
[←354 ]
Fr. identitaire et hétérogénéisante. — Tr.
[←355 ]
Contradiction and New Understanding. — Tr.
[←356 ]
Against Monod. — Tr.
[←357 ]
angélisme’. — Tr.
[←358 ]
Journal of the Two Worlds. — Tr.
[←359 ]
Négritude is an anticolonial and African identitarian movement emerging in Francophone literature and philosophy since the 1930s. — Tr.
[←360 ]
English translation: Chance and Necessity: Essay on the Natural Philosophy of Modern Biology (New York: Alfred A. Knopf, 1971). — Tr.
[←361 ]
From Aristotle to Darwin and Back Again: An Essay on Some Constants of Biological Philosophy. Translated into English with the following (sub)title: From Aristotle to Darwin and Back Again: A Journey in Final Causality, Species, and Evolution (University of Notre Dame Press, 1984) — Tr.
[←362 ]
The Limits of Modern Biology’s Natural Philosophy. — Tr.
[←363 ]
The Ideology of Chance and Necessity. — Tr.
[←364 ]
Chance and Certainty: Transformism and Current Biology. — Tr.
[←365 ]
God, This Unknown.–Tr.
[←366 ]
Autopsy of Chance. — Tr.
[←367 ]
English edition: The Order of Things: An Archaeology of the Human Sciences (Vintage: New York, 1973). — Tr.
[←368 ]
English edition: Biological Order (Cambridge, MIT Press, 1962). — Tr.
[←369 ]
English edition: The Logic of Life: A History of Heredity (New York: Vintage, 1976). — Tr.
[←370 ]
You, This Little God! — Tr.
[←371 ]
buissonnement. — Tr.
[←372 ]
Theoretical Biology. — Tr.
[←373 ]
mis en condition. — Tr.
[←374 ]
French edition: Le cheval dans la locomotive (Calmann-Levy, 1968).
[←375 ]
Mechanisms of Evolution, in The New Medical Press. — Tr.
[←376 ]
Literally: a ‘raising of the shields’ (une « levée de boucliers »). — Tr.
[←377 ]
The Living Being, Creator of its Evolution. — Tr.
[←378 ]
Creation and Finality in Biology. — Tr.
[←379 ]
English edition: Yale University Press: New Haven, Connecticut, 1962; French edition: L’homme en evolution (Paris: Flammarion, 1966). — Tr.
[←380 ]
English edition: Biology and Knowledge (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1971).
[←381 ]
The Problems of Life: An Essay on Modern Biological Thought. — Tr.
[←382 ]
English edition: Evolution of Living Organisms (New York: Academic Press, 1977). — Tr.
[←383 ]
The Defeat of Love or the Triumph of Freud. — Tr.
[←384 ]
Populations, Species, and Evolution. — Tr.
[←385 ]
English edition: The Logic of Life: A History of Heredity (New York: Vintage, 1976). — Tr.
[←386 ]
English edition: Soviet Genetics and World Science: Lysenko and the Meaning of Heredity (London: Chatto & Windus, 1949). — Tr.
[←387 ]
Major Currents in Biology. — Tr.
[←388 ]
Palaeontology and Transformism. — Tr.
[←389 ]
Michurin-Lysenko. — Tr.
[←390 ]
The School and the Nation. — Tr.
[←391 ]
Thought. — Tr.
[←392 ]
English edition: The Rise and Fall of T. D. Lysenko (New York: Columbia University Press, 1969). — Tr.
[←393 ]
The Social Contract. — Tr.
[←394 ]
New Eclipse of Lysenko; Biology in Monitored Freedom; The Misdeeds of Lysenko; Lysenko or the End of an Imposture. — Tr.
[←395 ]
Lyssenko: The True History of a Proletarian Science. — Tr.
[←396 ]
Latin: ‘for internal use’. — Tr.
[←397 ]
Lysenko: A Scientist Made to Measure. — Tr.
[←398 ]
Research. — Tr.
[←399 ]
Genetic Agrobiology: Selection and Production of Seeds. — Tr.
[←400 ]
Scientific Responsibility. — Tr.
[←401 ]
credits affectés aux recherches. — Tr.
[←402 ]
The Children of Cain. — Tr.
[←403 ]
French edition: Essais sur le comportement animal et humain. — Tr.
[←404 ]
French edition: L’aggression. Flammarion, 1969.
[←405 ]
The Programmed Man: The Innate, A Determining Factor in Human Behaviour, being the French translation of Der vorprogrammierte Mensch. Das Ererbte als bestimmender Faktor im menschlichen Verhalten. Wien: Molden, 1973). I am unaware of an English edition. — Tr.
[←406 ]
German: Das sogenannte Böse. Zur Naturgeschichte der Agression (Wien: Borotha-Schoeler, 1963) 1963), French: L’Agression, une histoire naturelle du mal (Paris:
Flammarion, 1977). — Tr.
[←407 ]
German: Idee zu einer allgemeinen Geschichte in weltbürgerlicher Absicht (1784); English edition, Immanuel Kant, Idea for a Universal History from a Cosmopolitan Point of View, in On History, trans. Lewis White Beck (Indianapolis: The Bobbs-Merrill Co., 1963). — Trans.
[←408 ]
Natural Law. — Tr.
[←409 ]
German edition: So kam der Mensch auf den Hund (Wien: Borotha-Schoeler, 1950), French edition: Tous les chiens, tous les chats (Paris: Flammarion, 1970). — Tr.
[←410 ]
French edition: Evolution et modification du comportement, L’inée et l’acquis (Payot, 1970). — Tr.
[←411 ]
German edition: Über tierisches und menschliches Verhalten. Aus dem Werdegang der Verhaltenslehre. Gesammelte Abhandlungen aus den Jahren 1931–1963. Band I und II (München: Piper, 1965), French edition: Essais sur le comportement animal et humain : Les leçons de l’évolution de la théorie du comportement (Paris: Seuil, 1970). — Tr.
[←412 ]
Subtitled: A Personal Investigation into the Animal Origins and Nature of Man (New York: Atheneum, 1961), French edition: Les enfants de Caïn (Paris: Stock, 1963). — Tr.
[←413 ]
German edition: Der vorprogrammierte Mensch. Das Ererbte als bestimmender Faktor im menschlichen Verhalten (Wien: Molden, 1973), French edition: L’homme programmé. L’inné, facteur déterminant du comportement humain (Paris: Flammarion, 1976). I am unaware of any English edition. — Tr.
[←414 ]
French Edition: L’agressivité necessaire (Paris: Laffont, 1969). — Tr.
[←415 ]
English edition: (New York: McGraw-Hill, 1967, French edition: Le singe nu (Paris: Le livre de poche, 1971). — Tr.
[←416 ]
Benoist gives monde spécifique (specific, particular, or individual world) for von Uexküll’s Umwelt, literally ‘environment’ or ‘surrounding world’. — Tr.
[←417 ]
In Studies in Animal and Human Behaviour (Essais sur le comportement animal et humain). — Tr.
[←418 ]
On Aggression, German: Das sogenannte Böse. Zur Naturgeschichte der Agression (Wien: Borotha-Schoeler, 1963) 1963). — Tr.
[←419 ]
German edition: Über tierisches und menschliches Verhalten. Aus dem Werdegang der Verhaltenslehre. Gesammelte Abhandlungen aus den Jahren 1931–1963. Band I und II (München: Piper, 1965). — Tr.
[←420 ]
Ethology: The Biology of Behaviour (New York: Holt, Rinehart and Winston, 1975). — Tr.
[←421 ]
French edition: Contre l’agression. — Tr.
[←422 ]
German edition: Der vorprogrammierte Mensch (Wien: Molden, 1973), French edition: L’homme programmé. L’inné, facteur déterminant du comportement humain (Paris: Flammarion, 1976). I am unaware of any English edition. — Tr.
[←423 ]
New York: The Viking Press, 1979; German edition: Krieg und Frieden aus der Sicht der Verhaltensforschung (München: Piper, 1975); French edition: Guerre et paix dans l’homme (Stock, 1976). — Tr.
[←424 ]
London: Royal Society, 1966. — Tr.
[←425 ]
Chatto & Windus, London; French edition: La génétique soviétique (Paris: Stock, 1950). — Tr.
[←426 ]
French edition: Religion sans révélation (Paris: Stock, 1968) — Tr.
[←427 ]
Discussion on Ritualization of Behaviour in Animals and Man (London: Royal Society, 1966). — Tr.
[←428 ]
Benoist gives retournement (reversal, turnaround) for Umschlag (transition, turnover). — Tr.
[←429 ]
The dates given here are for the French editions: Les huit péchés capitaux de la civilisation, and L’envers du miroir : Une histoire naturelle de la connaissance. The German originals both appeared in 1973: Die acht Todsünden der zivilisierten Menschheit, and Die Rückseite des Spiegels. Versuch einer Naturgeschichte menschlichen Erkennens. The English editions appeared in 1974 and 1973 respectively. — Tr.
[←430 ]
French edition: La loi naturelle (Stock, 1971). — Tr.
[←431 ]
Journal for Applied Psychology and Character Studies. — Tr.
[←432 ]
Agression et violence dans le monde modern (Calmann-Lévy, 1972). — Tr.
[←433 ]
Ironically, the German word for joy is Freude. — Tr.
[←434 ]
Reading pré-cromanien for pré-Cro-Magnon — Tr.
[←435 ]
Civilized Man’s Eight Deadly Sins (New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1974), German: Die acht Todsünden der zivilisierten Menschheit (München: Piper, 1973). — Tr.
[←436 ]
French: L’envers du miroir : Une histoire naturelle de la connaissance (Paris: Flammarion, 1975), German: Die Rückseite des Spiegels. Versuch einer Naturgeschichte des menschlichen Erkennens (München: Piper, 1973). — Tr.
[←437 ]
The Hidden Dimension (Garden City, NY: Doubleday, 1966). — Tr.
[←438 ]
French edition: Le langage silencieux (Mame, 1973). — Tr.
[←439 ]
Discourse on the Origin and Foundations of Inequality Among Men. — Tr.
[←440 ]
The Social Contract: A Personal Inquiry into the Evolutionary Sources of Order and Disorder (London: Collins, 1970). — Tr.
[←441 ]
Latin: desire to know, lust for knowledge. — Tr.
[←442 ]
The auricular tubercle, also known as Darwin’s tubercle. — Tr.
[←443 ]
Reading hominiote as hominide. — Tr.
[←444 ]
French edition: La dimension humaine: réponse à Konrad Lorenz (Paris: Seuil, 1974). — Tr.
[←445 ]
Man: His Nature and his Place in the World; Early Man and Late Culture; The Soul in a Technical Age; Anthropological Research; Morality and Hypermorality; Insights. — Tr.
[←446 ]
Genealogy of Morality, II, 16. — Tr.
[←447 ]
The term dressage, from the verb dresser, means ‘to train’, or ‘to straighten’, with an implied sense of ‘final correction’, much as in ‘finishing schools’; cf. the English use of dressage as the ‘highest expression of horse training’. — Tr.
[←448 ]
The Human Imperative (New York: Columbia University Press, 1972). — Tr.
[←449 ]
Anti-Nature. — Tr.
[←450 ]
Aggression and Human Nature. — Tr.
[←451 ]
So-called Aggression. — Tr.
[←452 ]
Aggression and Racism — Elementary Behaviours? — Tr.
[←453 ]
Clarification on Aggression. — Tr.
[←454 ]