Domestic Soldiers
Page 32
5 ‘Letters from the Home Front’, Woman’s Own, 20 November 1942, p. 18.
6 Priestley, Postscripts, p. 68.
7 Lord Woolton, BBC broadcast, 8 April 1940. Joanna Bourke and Tim Piggott-Smith, BBC Eyewitness 1940–1949 (London: BBC Audiobooks, 2004).
8 Ministry of Fuel advertisement, Good Housekeeping, September 1943, p. 25.
9 Ministry of Food advertisement, Woman’s Own, 5 March 1943, p. 2.
10 Abram Games, Imperial War Museum, IWM PST 2865 in online collections, http://www.iwmcollections.org.uk.
11 Braithwaite, Walsh and Davies, eds, The Home Front, p. 72.
12 The National Archives maintains a website exploring Second World War propaganda and art, illustrating many propaganda messages listed here. See National Archives, The Art of War http://www.nationalarchives.gov.uk/theartofwar/prop/home_front/
13 Braithwaite, Walsh and Davies, eds, The Home Front, p. 78.
Chapter Six: A Few Hours of Happiness
1 Quoted in Claire Langhamer, ‘Adultery in Post-War England’, History Workshop Journal, vol. 62 (2006), p. 103.
2 Ibid., p. 100.
3 Rosita Forbes, ‘Be a Success’, Woman’s Own, 22 June 1940, p. 28.
4 Quoted in Phil Goodman, ‘“Patriotic Femininity”: Women’s Morals and Men’s Morale During the Second World War’, Gender and History, vol. 10, no. 2 (August 1998), p. 282.
Chapter Seven: The Sun Never Sets
1 Quoted in Arthur Herman, Gandhi and Churchill: The Epic Rivalry that Destroyed an Empire and Forged our Age (New York: Random House, 2008), p. 500.
2 Clementine Churchill, quoted in Mary Soames, Winston and Clementine: The Personal Letters of the Churchills (New York: Houghton-Mifflin Harcourt, 2001), p. 460.
3 Winston Churchill, The Second World War: Vol. 3, The Grand Alliance (New York: Houghton-Mifflin Harcourt, 1986), p. 551.
4 Quoted in Christopher Alan Bayly and Timothy Norman Harper, Forgotten Armies: the Fall of British Asia, 1941–1945 (Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press, 2005), p. 120.
5 Churchill, Vol. 3, The Grand Alliance, p. 539.
6 Anne O’Hare McCormick, ‘Churchill Rises to “Grand Proportions” of History’, New York Times, 27 December 1941, c18.
7 ‘Churchill Speech Hailed in Congress’, New York Times, 27 December 1941, p. 3.
8 Quoted in Herman, Gandhi and Churchill, p. 478.
9 Churchill, Never Give In!, p. 330.
10 Quoted in Calder, The People’s War, p. 274.
11 Quoted in Herman, Gandhi and Churchill, p. 481.
12 Calder, The People’s War, p. 272.
13 Quoted in Herman, Gandhi and Churchill, p. 489.
14 Quoted in ibid., p. 489.
15 Quoted in ibid., p. 493.
16 Herbert Morrison, in Hansard Parliamentary Papers, Written Answers, 23 September 1943.
17 Edith Summerskill, in Hansard Parliamentary Papers, Written Answers, 7 August 1941.
18 Winston Churchill, The Second World War: Vol. 4, Hinge of Fate (New York: Houghton-Mifflin Harcourt, 1986), p. 344.
19 Quoted in Calder, The People’s War, p. 305.
Chapter Eight: Fight Like Hell Until All Are Equal
1 Priestley, Postscripts, p. 42.
2 Ibid., p. 21.
3 Ibid., p. 7.
4 Ibid., p. 33.
5 Ibid., p. 45.
6 George Orwell, Homage to Catalonia (New York: Houghton-Mifflin Harcourt, 1980), p. 104.
7 ‘Beveridge Plan Criticized’, The Times, 8 May 1942 p. 4E; ‘Parliament and the Beveridge Plan’, The Times, 6 October 1942, p. 5E.
8 Jose Harris, William Beveridge: A Biography (Oxford: Clarendon Press, 1997; 2nd edn), p. 376.
9 Calder, The People’s War, p. 527.
10 Quoted in Harris, William Beveridge, p. 413.
11 Quoted in ibid., p. 413.
12 ITMA transcript, 4 December 1942, BBC Written Archives Centre, Caversham Park.
13 Quoted in Michael Bromley, ‘Was it the Mirror Wot Won it? The Development of the Tabloid Press During the Second World War’, in. Nick Hayes and Jeff Hill, eds, ‘Millions Like Us’? British Culture in the Second World War (Liverpool: Liverpool University Press, 1999), p. 114.
14 Harris, William Beveridge, p. 366.
15 Ibid., p. 420.
16 Quoted in Calder, The People’s War, p. 530.
17 Harris, William Beveridge, p. 429.
18 William Beveridge, ‘Social Insurance and Allied Services Report – Executive Summary’, Cmd 6404, November 1942, at http://www.fordham.edu/halsall/mod/1942beveridge.html
19 Woman’s Own, 5 March 1943, p. 7.
20 Good Housekeeping, March 1943, p. 1.
21 Calder, The People’s War, pp. 547–9.
22 Winston S. Churchill, His Complete Speeches, 1897–1963: Vol. 7, 1943–1949, ed. Robert Rhodes James (New York and London: Chelsea House Publishers, 1974), 21 March 1943, pp. 6755–65.
Chapter Nine: Don’t Let’s Be Beastly to the Hun
1 Quoted in Thomas R. Brooks, The War North of Rome: June 1944–May 1945 (Cambridge, MA: Da Capo Press, 2003), p. 2.
2 Winston S. Churchill, The Second World War: Vol. 5, Closing the Ring (New York: Houghton-Mifflin Harcourt, 1986), p. 380.
3 Quoted in Nicola Lambourne, War Damage in Western Europe: The Destruction of Historic Monuments During the Second World War (Edinburgh: Edinburgh University Press, 2001), p. 140.
4 Quoted in Martin Gilbert, The Second World War: A Complete History (New York: Macmillan, 2004), p. 500.
5 Keith Lowe, Inferno: The Fiery Destruction of Hamburg, 1943 (New York: Scribner, 2007), p. 64.
6 ‘Hamburg Smoke Four Miles Up’, The Times, 31 July 1943, p. 4 col. F.
7 ‘Evacuation of Hamburg’, The Times, 2 August 1943, p. 4 col. G.
8 Lyrics in Noel Coward, The Complete Lyrics, ed. Barry Day (Woodstock, NY: Overlook Press, 1998), p. 207.
9 William Gallacher, Hansard Oral Answers to Questions, 4 November 1943.
10 Quoted in Francis L. Loewenheim, Harold D. Langley and Manfred Jonas, eds, Roosevelt and Churchill: Their Secret Wartime Correspondence (New York: E.P. Dutton, 1975), p. 10.
11 Winston Churchill, Hansard Oral Answers to Questions, 4 November 1943.
12 ‘Housekeeping Savings’, The Times, 9 November 1943, p. 2, col. D.
13 Stephen Michael Cretney, Family Law in the Twentieth Century: A History (Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2003), p. 117.
14 George Woods, Hansard Commons Sittings, 1 December 1943.
15 Kevin Jefferys, The Churchill Coalition and Wartime Politics, 1940–1945 (Manchester: Manchester University Press, 1995), p. 122.
16 Brains Trust transcript, 13 September 1943, BBC Written Archives Centre, Caversham Park.
Chapter Ten: Can You Beat That?
1 ‘Lady Bountiful Fraud Charge’, Daily Mirror, 5 February 1944.
2 ‘Jekyll–Hyde Mind of Lady Bountiful’, Daily Mirror, 17 March 1944.
3 Herbert Morrison, Hansard Oral Answers to Questions, 16 December 1943.
4 Calder, The People’s War, p. 407.
5 Edward Smithies, Crime in Wartime: A Social History of Crime in World War Two (London: George Allen and Unwin, 1982), p. 62.
6 Ibid., p. 74.
7 ‘Rescue Squad Men Guilty of Looting’, The Times, 13 February 1941, p. 2 col. D.
8 Quoted in Calder, The People’s War, pp. 178–9.
9 ‘Bombs in Cargo of Oranges’, The Times, 15 January 1944, p. 2 col. D.
Chapter Eleven: Worst Raid Ever Last Night
1 Quoted in Lambourne, War Damage in Western Europe, p. 150.
2 Quoted in Fred Taylor, Dresden, Tuesday February 13, 1945 (New York: HarperCollins, 2004), p. 128.
3 Quoted in Gilbert, The Second World War, p. 319.
4 Jörg Friedrich, The Fire: The Bombing of Germany, 1940–1945 (New York: Columbia University Press, 2008), p. 169.
5 Gardiner, Wartime Britain, p. 547.
6 Quoted in Ibid.,
p. 610.
7 Churchill, His Complete Speeches, 1897–1963: Vol. 7, 1943–1949, 26 March 1944, p. 6907.
Chapter Twelve: Oh! What a Leisurely War
1 Gardiner, Wartime Britain, p. 620.
2 Stephen Ambrose, D-Day, June 6, 1944: The Climactic Battle of World War II (New York: Simon & Schuster, 1994), p. 54.
3 Gardiner, Wartime Britain, p. 620.
4 Ambrose, D-Day, p. 44.
5 Quoted in Gardiner, Wartime Britain, p. 146.
6 Quoted in Anthony Cave Brown, Bodyguard of Lies: The Extraordinary True Story Behind D-Day (New York: Harper and Row, 1975; reprinted New York: HarperCollins, 2002), p. 769.
7 Gardiner, Wartime Britain, p. 638.
Chapter Thirteen: Anyone Want Two Tin Hats and Two Gas Masks?
1 Quoted in Donald L. Miller and Henry Steele Commager, The Story of World War Two (New York: Simon & Schuster, 2006), p. 242.
2 Milton Bracken, ‘Alsace Nazi Prison Neat and Efficient’, New York Times, 5 December 1944, p. 7.
3 Quoted in Ben Flanagan and Donald Bloxham, Remembering Belsen: Eyewitnesses Record the Liberation (London: Vallentine Mitchell, 2005), p. xii.
4 Quoted in Ann M. Sperber, Murrow, His Life and Times (New York: Fordham University Press, 1996), p. 251.
5 Ibid., p. 253.
6 Quoted in Gilbert, The Second World War, p. 678.
Conclusion: Who’d a Thought It?
1 Churchill, His Complete Speeches, 1897–1963: Vol. 7, 1943–1949, 4 June 1945, pp. 7169–74.
2 Quoted in Gardiner, Wartime Britain, p. 677.
3 ‘Labour Case to Socialism: Mr. Attlee’s reply to Mr. Churchill’, The Times 6 June 1945, p. 2, col. A.
4 Ibid.
5 Quoted in David Kynaston, Austerity Britain, 1945–1951 (London: Bloomsbury, 2007), p. 72.
6 For example, ‘Vigilante Fined: “Complete Defiance of Law and Order”’, The Times, 17 August 1945, p. 2, col. D.
Epilogue
1 Quoted in Ben Highmore, Everyday Life and Cultural Theory: An Introduction (London: Routledge, 2002), p. 87.
BIBLIOGRAPHY
For nearly thirty-five years, Angus Calder’s The People’s War (1969) has stood as the definitive social history of Britain in wartime. Only Juliet Gardiner’s Wartime Britain (2005) comes close to providing a recent work that can stand with it. Both were indispensable in my writing of the historical background in this book.
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