No Such Thing As Society
Page 46
28. Fiona Maddocks, Independent, 27 February 1989.
29. Margaret Thatcher, press conference, 30 May 1985. Full text on the website of the Margaret Thatcher Foundation at www.margaretthatcher.org/speeches/ displaydocument.asp?docid=106060.
30. Lord Justice Taylor, The Hillsborough Stadium Disaster 15 April 1989, Inquiry by the Rt Hon Lord Justice Taylor, Interim Report, Home Office, London, 1989, p. 15.
31. Lord Justice Taylor, The Hillsborough Stadium Disaster, pp. 16–17.
32. Phil Scraton, Hillsborough, The Truth, Mainstream Publishing, Edinburgh, 2009, p. 99.
33. Peter Chippindale and Chris Horrie, Stick it up Your Punter – The rise and fall of the Sun, Mandarin, London, 1992, p. 292.
34. Colin Ward, All Quiet on the Hooligan Front, Eight Years that Shook Football, Headline, London, 1996, pp. 23–58.
35. Guardian, 8 September 1989.
36. Hansard, 11 September 1989.
37. Independent, 22 September 1989.
38. Lord Justice Taylor, The Hillsborough Stadium Disaster, p. 44.
39. Ibid., p. 49.
40. Ibid., p. 4.
41. Tom Bower, Broken Dreams – Vanity, Greed and the Souring of British Football, Simon & Schuster, London, 2007, pp. 61–8.
42. Jason Cowley, The Last Game – Love, Death and Football, Simon & Schuster, London, 2009, p. 270.
CHAPTER 17
1. Paddy Ashdown, The Ashdown Diaries, Volume 1: 1988–97, Allen Lane, London, 2000, p. 50.
2. Margaret Thatcher, ‘Speech to Conservative Party Conference’, 12 October 1990, full text on the website of the Margaret Thatcher Foundation, www. margaretthatcher.org/speeches/displaydocument.asp?docid=108217.
3. Margaret Thatcher, interviewed in the Sunday Times, 21 February 1990.
4. Daily Telegraph, 12 February 1990.
5. Margaret Thatcher, ‘Speech to Young Conservative Conference’, 10 February 1990. The full text is available on the website of the Margaret Thatcher Foundation, www.margaretthatcher.org/speeches/displaydocument.asp?docid= 108011.
6. Hansard, 18 November 1990, col. 1375.
7. Margaret Thatcher, ‘Speech to the Board of Deputies of British Jews’, 18 February 1990. The full text is available on the website of the Margaret Thatcher Foundation at www.margaretthatcher.org/speeches/displaydocument.asp?docid=108017.
8. Sunday Times, 18 February 1990.
9. Daily Express, 20 February 1990.
10. Margaret Thatcher, ‘Speech to the Konigswinter Conference’, 29 March 1990. The full text is available on the website of the Margaret Thatcher Foundation at www.margaretthatcher.org/speeches/displaydocument.asp?docid=108049.
11. Christopher Tugendhat, Making Sense of Europe, Viking, London, 1986, p. 122.
12. Nigel Lawson, The View from No.11: Memoirs of a Tory Radical, Bantam, London, 1992, p. 900.
13. Hansard, 13 November 1990, col. 463.
14. Nicholas Ridley, My Style of Government, Hutchinson, London, 1991, p. 160.
15. Spectator, 13 July 1990.
16. Nigel Lawson, The View From No.11, p. 900.
17. Max Hastings, Max Hastings, Editor, An Inside Story of Newspapers, Pan, London, 2003, pp. 107–8.
18. Margaret Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, HarperCollins, London, 1993, p. 701.
19. Nigel Lawson, The View From No.11, p. 789.
20. Margaret Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, p. 701.
21. Geoffrey Howe, Conflict of Loyalty, Macmillan, London, 1994, p. 583.
22. Daily Telegraph, 26 July 1989. Although Ingham’s remarks were reported here, he was not named because of the convention all his lobby briefings were off the record. I was present at Ingham’s briefing, in 10 Downing Street on the morning of 25 July, as a correspondent of the Daily Mirror. He was named in the Independent on 26 July as the source of the disparaging comments about Howe, but not quoted verbatim, because the Independent did not go to his briefings.
23. ‘Competing for Prosperity’, report of the Policy Review Group on A Productive and Competitive Economy, Meet the Challenge, Make the Change: A New Agenda for Britain, Labour Party, London, 1989, p. 14.
24. Andy McSmith, John Smith: A Life 1938–1994, Mandarin, London, 1994, pp. 197–200.
25. Hansard, 24 October 1989, col. 689.
26. The Walden Interview, LWT, broadcast 29 October 1989. The full text is available on the Thatcher Foundation website at www.margaretthatcher.org/speeches/ displaydocument.asp?docid=107808.
27. Margaret Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, p. 830.
28. Bruce Anderson, John Major, Headline, London, 1992, p. 207.
29. Hansard, 30 October 1990, col. 873.
30. Hansard, 30 October 1990, col. 865.
31. Hansard, 13 November 1990, cols 463, 465.
32. Alan Watkins, A Conservative Coup: The Fall of Margaret Thatcher, Duckworth, London, 1992, p. 178.
33. Margaret Thatcher, The Downing Street Years, p. 852.
34. Independent, 27 November 1990.
35. Margaret Thatcher, interview in Thatcher: the Downing Street Years, BBC1, 10 November 1993.
36. Women’s Own, 31 October 1987.
EPILOGUE
1. Financial Times, 19 November 1990.
2. Economist, 9 December 1979.
3. This statistic and others that follow are drawn from the Annual Expenditure Survey 1990, Office of National Statistics, London, 1992.
4. For me, the image of these huge devices will always be associated with a heroic little immigration official at Heathrow who was on duty when Margaret Thatcher returned from an overseas trip in 1990 in a plane full of civil servants, advisers and political journalists. This man insisted that the whole party, apart from Margaret and Denis Thatcher, must go through passport control, on the far side of the airport, to check that there were no illegal immigrants on board. No amount of pleading by Thatcher’s staff would budge him. We all had to be driven across Heathrow by coach so that we could file through passport control, watched by a bored officer who sat with arms folded and feet up. The official who showed such zeal in enforcing the rules had a huge mobile phone that he held close to his left ear all the time, in case it rang. It seemed to give him confidence.
5. Independent, 12 November 1990.
6. Guardian, 5 September 1982.
7. Financial Times, 11 September 1982.
8. Guardian, 21 June 1988.
9. The Times, 24 November 1990.
10. TUC annual reports, 1980 and 1990.
11. Independent, 3 July 1989.
12. Birmingham Evening Mail, 2 January 1990.
13. Independent, 22 July 1990.
14. The standard source on acid house is Matthew Collin, Altered State: The Story of Ecstasy Culture and Acid House, Serpent’s Tail, London, 1997.
15. Jonathan Coe, The House of Sleep, Penguin, London, 1998, p. 216.
16. Guardian, 27 December 1990.
INDEX
A
Abbott, Diane ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
acid-house parties ref1
Adam and the Ants ref1
Adams, Gerry ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
AIDS and HI ref1, ref2
alcohol and drug taking ref1, ref2, ref3
Aldington, Lord ref1
Allen, Jim ref1
Allen, Vic ref1
‘Allo, ‘Allo ref1
Andrew, Prince ref1, ref2, ref3
apartheid ref1, ref2 see also Mandela, Nelson
Archer, Jeffrey ref1
Argentina ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
attack HMS Coventry ref1
attack HMS Sheffield ref1, ref2
attack HMS Sir Galahad ref1
football ref1
General Belgrano destroyed ref1
Ashdown, Paddy ref1
Ashley, Jack ref1
Ashworth, Andrea ref1
Aston, Jay ref1
Atkin, Sharon ref1, ref2
Atkins, Humphrey ref1
Atkinson
, Rowan ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Auf Wiedersehen, Pet ref1
B
Baker, Cheryl ref1
Baker, Kenneth ref1
Band Aid ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
banking ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
‘Black Monday’ ref1
barcodes ref1
Barnett, Lady Isobel ref1
Bazoft , Farzad ref1
BBC (British Broadcasting Company) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11 see also programmes by name
The Beat ref1
Becker, Boris ref1
Bell, Sir Ronald ref1
Benn, Tony ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13
Bercow, John ref1
Berlin Wall ref1, ref2 see also East Germany
Berners-Lee, Timothy ref1
Bettaney, Michael ref1
Biffen, John ref1
Black, Conrad ref1, ref2, ref3
Blackadder ref1
Blair, Tony ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Bleasdale, Alan ref1, ref2
Blitz (nightclub) ref1, ref2
Blunkett, Daid ref1
Bono ref1, ref2
The Boomtown Rats ref1, ref2 see also Geldof, Bob
Botham, Ian ref1
Bow Wow Wow ref1
Bowie, Daid ref1
Boy George ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Boys from the Black Stuff ref1
Bradford stadium fire ref1, ref2
Bragg, Billy ref1, ref2
Branson, Richard ref1, ref2, ref3
Brecht, Bertolt ref1
British Army ref1, ref2, ref3 see also Argentina; Falklands war; Royal Nay
British Petroleum (BP) ref1
British Steel ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
British Telecom (BT) ref1, ref2, ref3
Brixton race riots ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Broadwater Farm riots ref1
Bronski Beat ref1
Brown, Gordon ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Bucks Fizz ref1
Buerk, Michael ref1
Bullingdon Club ref1, ref2
Bush, George (Senior) ref1
Butt, Ray ref1
C
Callaghan, James ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Cameron, David ref1, ref2, ref3
Campbell, Alistair ref1, ref2
Carrington, Lord ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Carter, Jimmy ref1, ref2, ref3
cash machines and ATMs ref1, ref2
censorship ref1
Central Television ref1, ref2
Charles, Prince ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Christopherson, Romola ref1, ref2
Church of England ref1, ref2, ref3 see also Runcie, Robert
City of London see banking
Clark, Alan ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Clarke, Kenneth ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Clause ref1 ref2, ref3
Clough, Brian ref1
CND (Campaign for Nuclear Disarmament) ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Coe, Sebastian ref1
comedy ref1 see also comedians by name; programmes by name
Comedy Store ref1, ref2
Comic Relief ref1
Comic Strip ref1
computer technology ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
Conservative Party ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13
Clause ref1 ref2, ref3
football hooliganism ref1, ref2, ref3
immigration and race riots ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
and local authorities ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
miners’ strike ref1, ref2
Moscow Olympics ref1
nuclear arms ref1
poll tax ref1
see also economy; Falklands war; politicians by name; privatization; taxes; Thatcher, Margaret; unions
Correspondent ref1
Cortonwood Colliery, Brampton ref1
Costello, Elvis ref1, ref2
Cowling, Maurice ref1
cricket ref1
cruise missiles see nuclear arms
Culture Club ref1, ref2, ref3 see also Boy George
Currie, Edwina ref1
Curtis, Richard ref1, ref2
D
Daily Express ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
Daily Mail ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Daily Mirror ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11, ref12, ref13, ref14, ref15, ref16
Daily Star ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Daily Telegraph ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
Dalyell, Tam ref1, ref2, ref3
Dammers, Jerry ref1
Delors, Jacques ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Democratic Unionist Party ref1, ref2
Diana, Princess ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7
Duran Duran ref1, ref2, ref3
E
Ealing Vicarage rape case ref1
East Germany ref1, ref2, ref3
Economist ref1, ref2
economy ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
inflation ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
monetarism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6
property prices ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
see also banking; European Union; taxes
Edmondson, Ade ref1, ref2
education ref1
Edwards, Eddie ‘the Eagle’ ref1
Elizabeth II, Queen ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8
Elms, Robert ref1, ref2
Elton, Ben ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
EMI ref1, ref2
Enfield, Harry ref1
Ethiopia ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4 see also Band Aid; Geldof, Bob; Lie Aid
ethnic minorities ref1, ref2 see also immigrants and immigration; racism and race riots
European Union ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9
Eurythmics ref1
Evening Standard ref1
expenses scandal ref1
Ezra, Derek ref1
F
Fairbairn, Sir Nicolas ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Falklands war
background to conflict ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
attack on HMS Coventry ref1
attack on HMS Sheffield ref1, ref2
attack on HMS Sir Galahad ref1
General Belgrano destroyed ref1
post war ref1, ref2
war ref1, ref2, ref3
feminism ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Greenham Common protests ref1
Yorkshire Ripper protests ref1, ref2
Ferguson, Sarah ref1
Filofaxes ref1
Financial Times ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5
Findlay, Alexander ref1
Fish, Michael ref1
Fleet Street ref1 see also newspaper industry
Fletcher, PC Yvonne ref1, ref2
Fluck, Peter ref1, ref2
Follows, Sir Denis ref1, ref2
Foot, Michael ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4, ref5, ref6, ref7, ref8, ref9, ref10, ref11
football ref1, ref2, ref3
Hillsborough disaster ref1, ref2, ref3
hooliganism ref1, ref2
Fowler, Norman ref1
France ref1, ref2, ref3, ref4
Frankie Goes to Hollywood ref1
French, Dawn ref1, ref2, ref3
Friday Night Live ref1, ref2
Friedman, Milton ref1, ref2, ref3
Fry, Stephen ref1, ref2
G