The Age of Faith

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The Age of Faith Page 185

by Will Durant


  herring, 837

  fisheries, 618

  trade, 645

  Hertford, Synod of, 487

  Hesiod, 10

  Hethum I, 652

  Hexaemeron (Ambrose), 1008

  Hexham, church at, 491

  Hezekiah, 1078

  Hibbur ha-meshihah (Abraham ben Hiyya), 403, 911

  Hierapolis, 145, 146, 147

  Higden, Ranulf, 682

  highways, 465, 621, 839

  Hilarius, 1029

  Hilary, Bishop of Aries, St., 50

  Hilary, Bishop of Poitiers, St., 57, 135, 747

  Hildebert, Archbishop of Mainz, 511

  Hildebert of Lavardin, 1018, 1023-1024, 1025, 1027

  Hildebrand, see Gregory VII Hildegarde of Bingen, St., 809-810, 998

  Hildesheim, 514, 516, 960

  Cathedral, 909

  Hillel, 226, 351, 362, 419

  Hillel II, 347

  Himilco, 82

  Himyarites, 119, 146, 156

  Hincmar, Archbishop of Reims, 403, 474, 477, 526, 531, 633, 880

  Hinnom, 355*

  Hipparchus, 242

  Hippo, 38, 67, 74, 289

  Hippocrates, 121, 240, 408, 910, 912, 923, 1070

  Hippodrome, Constantinople, 5, 6, 14, 105

  Hira, 157, 171, 188, 189

  Hisham, 195, 263, 292, 303

  Hisham II, 294, 306

  Hisham III, 296

  Hisham, ibn, 237

  Histoire de St. Louis (Joinville), 1020-1021

  Historia Britonum (Geoffrey), 1019, 1045

  Historia calamitatum mearum (Abélard), 937, 942, 944

  Historia ecclesiastica (Ordericus Vitalis), 1019

  Historia rerum in partibus transmarinus gestarum (William of Tyre), 1020

  historians, 125-126, 305, 319, 429, 495, 501, 698, 795, 804, 987, 991, 1015, 1084

  Byzantine, 312

  French, 697, 1020

  Latin, 1019

  Moslem, 237-239, 302, 304

  history, 73, 249, 315, 329, 333, 343, 352, 368, 372, 438, 478, 497, 807, 808, 894, 1015, 1016, 1022, 1083, 1084

  Biblical, 1032

  Egyptian, 285

  European, 1020

  fictional, 1019

  Islamic, 1020

  monastic, 804

  Norse, 1032

  Spanish, 698

  History of Animals (Aristotle), 912

  History of the Church (Socrates), 125

  History of the Franks (Gregory), 94

  History of the Goths (Cassiodorus), 99

  History of India (al-Biruni), 243-244

  History of the Jewish Kings in the Second Commonwealth (Abraham ibn David), 407

  History of Latin Christianity (Milman) 694*

  History of the Lombards (Paul the Deacon), 451

  History Against the Pagans (Orosius), 30

  History of the Philosophers (al-Qifti), 322

  History of the Roman Empire (Zosimus), 125

  Hitler, Adolf, 480, 759

  Hittin, 597, 598

  Hobbes, Thomas, 253, 1082

  “hocus-pocus,” 749*

  Hohenstaufens, 594, 661, 665, 726, 816

  Holinshed, Raphael, 674

  Holland, 473, 663, 886

  Holy Ghost, 528, 529, 739, 950

  Holy Grail, 1019, 1045, 1046, 1047-1048

  Holy Land, 54, 343, 602, 606, 612, 792

  Holy Lavra, monastery of, Mt. Athos, 530

  Holy Roman Empire, 468, 469-470, 479-480, 511, 512, 687, 690, 698, 707, 726, 1062

  Holy Sepulcher, 147, 389, 585, 587, 1028

  Church of, 228, 440, 716

  Holy Week, 385, 393, 752, 896

  holydays, 358-359, 402, 559, 751, 841, 863

  Holyrood, 683

  Homer, 10, 33, 268, 325, 507, 975, 1044, 1070

  homes, 271-272, 382, 420, 432, 643, 680-681, 786, 835-839, 847

  for the aged, 433

  homosexuality, 113, 220, 341, 821

  Horns, see Emesa

  honor, 360, 563, 575, 578, 701, 829, 1084

  Honoratus, St., 57

  Honoria, 40, 41

  Honorius I, Emperor, 26-28, 29, 31, 33, 35-37, 41, 56, 64, 67, 70, 80, 126

  Honorius I, Pope, 383, 524-525

  Honorius III, Pope, 479, 715, 716, 764, 775, 799, 803, 846, 956

  Honorius, Bishop of Autun, 994, 1055

  Horace, 323, 915, 1018, 1070, 1085, 1086

  Horairah, Abu, 173

  Hormizd II, 143

  Hormizd IV, 146

  horns, hunting, 840

  horoscopes, 988

  horse racing, 433, 840

  horses, 157, 298, 559

  bronze, 455

  hospices, 78, 433, 693, 839, 921-922, 927

  Hospitalers, 593, 597, 598, 601, 602, 610, 713

  hospitality, 379, 495, 518, 818, 839

  hospitals, 78, 246, 293, 311, 330, 379, 433, 435, 531, 636, 652, 693, 785, 807, 831, 837, 998, 1001-1002

  European, 1084

  foundling, 330, 824

  leper, 794, 1002

  hostages, 723, 724

  Hôtel-Dieu, Paris, 921

  houris, 179, 185

  hours, canonical, 807

  of labor, 647, 864

  House of Lords, 676*

  “House of Wisdom,” Baghdad, 240, 911

  Hrothgar, 490

  Hroswitha, 515, 1027

  Hruodland, see Roland

  Hubert de Romans, 768

  Hugh de Balsham, Bishop of Ely, 926

  Hugh, Abbot of Cluny, St., 537

  Hugh Capet, 475, 479-480, 540

  Hugh, Cardinal, 548

  Hugh the Great, 475

  Hugh of Lincoln, St., 392

  Hugh de Payens, 593

  Hugh Primas, 1025

  Hugh of St. Victor, 750, 808, 958

  Hulagu, 310, 340

  humanism, 719, 724, 894, 1086

  Humboldt, Alexander von, 1005

  Hume, David, 332, 817, 931, 983

  Humiliati, 769

  humility, 803, 1006-1007, 1060, 1075

  humor, 786, 838, 934, 1029, 1055, 1067

  Hunain ibn Ishaq, 240, 246, 910, 911

  Hundred Years’ War, 90, 565, 882, 894

  Huneric, 41

  Hungary, 37, 38, 43, 387, 444-445, 513, 535, 537, 603, 607, 612, 622, 658-659, 663, 664, 760, 762, 801, 810, 864, 892, 903

  Huns, 4, 24, 25, 26, 36, 38-41, 80, 339, 443, 445, 446, 579, 614, 659, 906, 1035

  Kotrigur, 116

  White, 144

  Hunt, Leigh, 261

  hunting, 505, 666, 691, 720, 786, 840, 1005

  husbandry, 702, 925, 1005

  Husein, son of Ali, 193, 217, 228, 252

  Hushiel, Rabbi, 269

  Husri, 307

  Huss, John, 74, 784, 1082

  hydromancy, 987

  hygiene, 356, 409, 807, 835, 1001, 1003

  “Hymn to a King’s Son,” (Julian), 15

  hymns, 264, 384, 476, 749-751, 895, 896, 1026, 1027, 1085, 1086

  Hypatia, 61, 62, 122-123, 125, 319

  Hypatius, 105-106

  Hywel the Good, 496

  Iacobus de Mandra, 916, 918

  Iacopo d’Alemannia, 888

  Iacopo da Lentino, 1056

  Iacopo de Vorágine, 1022

  Iamblichus, 9

  Iblis, 177, 1068

  Ibrahim ibn al-Mahdi, 280

  Ibrahim, son of Mohammed, 172

  Ibrahim, son of Walid I, 195

  Iceland, 81, 447, 497, 502, 504, 506, 507, 508, 509, 510, 666, 899, 1031-1036

  iconography, Byzantine, 134

  Iconoclasts, 425-427, 437, 439, 441, 528, 845, 846, 853, 858

  Id al-Fitr, 215

  Ideal City (al-Farabi), 253

  idolatry, 261, 270, 274, 410, 732

  Idrisi, 229, 230, 329, 703, 704

  Ifriqiya, 283, 285

  ignorance, 96, 442, 470, 579, 1015, 1083

  Île de France, 480-481, 869, 876, 882

  Iliad (Homer), 1
34, 269, 270, 1081

  illiteracy, 465, 578, 788, 801, 908

  Illuminati, 289

  illumination, 133-134, 277, 278, 466, 492, 499, 501, 853

  Illyricum, 3, 86, 446

  images, 356, 425-428, 467, 524, 527, 528, 531, 769, 846, 858

  Imago mundi (Pierre d’Ailly), 1010

  imam, 213

  Imans, 217, 261, 265, 284

  Immaculate Conception, 747, 973*

  immigration, 371, 446, 660, 683

  immorality, 547, 764, 784, 806, 946

  immortality, 324, 331, 332, 355, 407, 413, 415, 478, 954-955, 959, 964*, 971, 981, 1057, 1068

  immunities, clerical, 671, 927

  imprisonment, 113-114, 393, 431, 473, 568, 676, 722, 777, 781, 782, 783

  Imru’lqais, 159

  In Praise of Baldness (Synesius), 61

  In Praise of the Blessed Virgin Mary (Albertus Magnus), 961

  incantations, 416, 417, 742, 985

  Incarnation, 735, 933, 964, 980, 1069

  incest, 416, 528, 822, 824

  income, 465, 765, 767, 813

  incontinence, 460, 541, 1075, 1076

  incubation, artificial, 994

  independence, 293, 472, 637, 699, 701

  Index of Forbidden Books, 163

  Index of the Sciences (al-Nadim), 238

  India, 49, 108, 118, 119, 134, 138, 140, 143, 145, 150, 156, 157, 161, 203, 204, 206, 208, 219, 230, 231*, 238, 241, 242, 243, 244, 245, 258, 270, 271, 272, 273, 279, 282, 285, 310, 326, 343, 376, 397, 542, 616, 910, 989, 992, 1010, 1054, 1082

  north, 156*

  northwest, 196

  India (al-Biruni), 242

  Indian Ocean, 119, 283, 404

  individualism, 195, 365, 810, 854

  individuation, principle of, 968-969, 977, 981

  “Indo-European” peoples, 156*

  inductive method, 981

  indulgences, 611-612, 621, 739-740, 753, 760, 764, 767, 774, 784, 863, 945

  Indus River, 144, 196, 244, 339

  Industrial Revolution, 560, 637

  industry, 298, 308, 315, 371, 375, 429, 432, 445, 454, 456, 487, 552, 560, 565, 621-625, 642, 649, 652, 685, 686, 696, 710, 712, 731, 767, 816, 845, 915, 949, 975, 976, 1015

  Aragonese, 701

  Byzantine, 435, 436

  English, 669

  Flemish, 613

  of Florence, 728

  Islamic, 207

  Italian, 613

  of monks, 753

  Persian, 140

  socialistic, 792

  treatise on, 359

  Venetian, 710

  Ine, King, 634

  Ineffabilis amor (Boniface VIII), 813

  infanticide, 76-77, 180, 504, 505, 824, 844

  infection, 357, 1001, 1003

  Inferno (Dante), 1067, 1068, 1076

  infinity, 977

  inflections, 903-904

  Ingeborg, wife of Philip II, 689

  Ingelheim, 466, 473, 476

  inks, 906

  colored, 852

  inlay, 287, 848, 849, 908

  Innocent I, St., 69-70

  Innocent II, 702, 707, 756, 760, 791, 946-947

  Innocent III, 74, 377, 388, 469, 541, 546, 551, 567, 568, 602, 603, 604, 605, 606, 617, 631, 632, 659, 674, 675, 677, 689, 698, 708, 714-715, 716, 758, 759, 761-764, 767, 770, 771, 773, 774, 775, 777, 778, 779, 792, 793, 798, 799, 801, 805, 806, 808, 811, 817, 825, 843, 897*, 920, 955, 1002, 1085

  Innocent IV, 388, 607, 608, 612, 632, 652, 658, 723-725, 759, 765, 781, 817, 850, 919, 925, 993

  Inns of Court, 924

  Inquisition, 388, 402, 410, 416, 676, 680, 692, 721, 755, 764, 765, 769-784, 785, 802, 803, 816, 956, 958, 986, 988, 1000, 1083

  insane, 330, 1002

  Institutes (Justinian), 699

  Institutiones (Tribonian et al.), 112

  Institutiones divinarum (Cassiodorus), 99

  instruments, 901, 1008, 1010

  astronomical, 305, 991

  musical, 279-280, 342, 499, 901

  surgical, 1001

  insurance, 629, 635

  disability, 766

  intarsia, 849

  interdict, 639, 671, 675, 689, 707, 716, 723, 727, 755-756, 762, 763, 774, 812

  interest, 436

  forbidden, 377, 378, 631

  on loans, 627, 628, 630-633, 975

  rates, 120, 385, 632

  remission of, 377

  intestines, burning of, 1003

  intolerance, 373, 387, 784, 1083

  intoxication, 323, 837

  intubation, 1001

  Introduction to the Categories of Aristotle (Porphyry), 99

  Introduction to the History of Science (Sarton), 239*

  invasions, 290, 293, 456, 492, 560, 579, 775, 843, 913

  Anglo-Saxon, 533

  barbarian, 444, 453, 510, 633, 727, 728, 854, 895, 984

  of Britain, 501

  Danish, 483, 486, 492

  Germanic, 497, 499, 532, 552

  Lombard, 451, 453, 520

  Mongol, 653, 654, 657, 658, 1003

  Moslem, 458

  Norman, 472, 552, 626

  Pict, 501

  inventions, 1010, 1015

  investiture, 513-514, 546-548, 564, 661, 760, 551

  Iona, 499, 532, 534

  Ionic order, 128, 129

  Iran, see Persia

  Iraq, 136, 152, 157, 188, 191, 192, 207, 210, 226, 227, 232, 317, 348, 366, 397

  Ireland, 80, 81, 82-84, 89, 447, 465, 466, 473, 493, 495, 496-501, 502, 510, 534, 670, 675, 681-683, 735, 748, 761, 832, 841, 984, 992

  Irene, Empress, 197, 198, 200, 427, 827

  Irnerius, 630, 754, 916

  iron, 847, 848

  irrigation, 202, 206, 646

  Isa, Ali ibn, 246

  Isaac I Comnenus, 431

  Isaac II Angelus, 603, 604

  Isaac the Blind, 417

  Isaac ibn Ezra, 397, 398

  Isaac Israeli, 403, 405, 911, 963, 1006

  Isaac Judaeus, 910

  Isaac ben Meir, 401

  Isaac ben Mordecai, 404

  Isaac of Cordova, St., 301

  Isaac of Syria, St., 62

  Isaiah, 176, 965

  Book of, 398

  Isabel of Gloucester, 674

  Isabel, St., Queen of Portugal, 702

  Isabella II, Queen of Spain, 315

  Isabella of Angoulême, 674

  Isabella, wife of Frederick II, 719

  Isabella, wife of Philip II, 687

  Isabelle, wife of Edward II, 90

  Isbahan ibn Qara, 331

  Isauria, 425

  Iseult, 1049

  Isfahan, 148, 203, 232, 248, 263, 294, 309, 312, 384, 385

  Isfahani, al-, 263, 294

  Ishaq, Hunain ibn, 240, 246, 910, 911

  Ishaq, son of al-Mawsili, 280

  Ishaq, Muhammad ibn, 163, 237

  Isidore, architect, 130, 131*

  Isidore of Seville, 95-96, 738, 907, 1077

  Isidorus Mercator, 525

  Isis, 75, 746

  Islah al-majisti (ibn Aflah), 329

  Islam, 122, 137, 151, 153-344, 347, 356, 366, 367, 372, 375, 393, 402, 403, 405, 408, 414, 431, 432, 434, 450, 454, 465, 468, 529, 530, 554, 586, 594, 603, 607, 610, 612, 613, 614, 616, 617, 622, 642, 651, 652, 654, 655, 721, 738, 769, 798, 831, 840, 901, 906, 913, 919, 932, 955, 966, 977, 982, 984, 987, 989, 991, 999, 1023, 1054, 1068

  Eastern, 210, 235-281, 317, 319, 320, 338, 368, 405, 442, 989

  Spanish, 241, 291-307

  Western, 282-307, 334

  Ismaili doctrine, 261, 262, 282, 289, 309

  Isolde, 1037

  Israel, 161, 229, 353, 355, 364, 366, 396, 398-399, 410

  Eastern, 411

  Israfel, 178

  Istakhr, see Persepolis

  Italica, 96

  Italian-Byzantine school, 855

  Italians, 241, 606, 628, 817

  Italy, 3, 4, 11, 19, 22, 25, 26, 27, 28, 29, 30, 35, 36, 37, 38, 40, 41, 42-43, 47, 55, 56, 57,
80, 83, 86, 97, 98, 99, 100, 107, 109, 110-111, 114, 115, 116, 117, 128, 130, 132, 145, 147, 208, 209, 236, 264, 342, 349, 369, 376, 383, 384, 387, 393, 397, 403, 404, 423, 426, 443, 444, 445, 450, 451-458, 402, 464, 466, 473, 491, 510, 511-513, 515, 519, 520, 528, 530, 531, 537, 539, 547, 549, 550, 552, 553, 554, 563, 571, 575, 578, 586, 615, 616, 619, 622, 624, 627, 632, 633, 638, 642, 646, 648-649, 651, 661, 662, 663, 664, 665, 694, 697, 705, 725-727, 762, 766, 769, 771, 774, 779, 782, 783, 788, 791, 792, 798, 799, 808, 809, 812, 831, 840, 841, 847, 851, 854, 856, 862, 870, 876, 882, 887-890, 892, 894, 901, 903, 904-905, 906, 908, 913, 916, 919, 920, 932, 945, 951, 958, 961, 963, 990, 991, 1001, 1003, 1006, 1039, 1042, 1044, 1045, 1056, 1057, 1062, 1063, 1074, 1080, 1081

  Byzantine, 845

  central, 290, 451, 452, 525, 830, 888

  eastern, 451, 553

  Greek, 544

  Norman, 431, 452-453, 703-705

  northern, 514, 520, 550, 553, 554, 638, 724, 783, 801, 809, 888, 956, 1057, 1062

  Ostrogothic, 97-102

  pre-Renaissance, 703-731

  Renaissance, 187, 249, 341, 1085, 1086

  southern, 290, 403, 432, 440, 443, 554, 621, 663, 664, 716, 725, 761, 783, 831, 832, 912, 919, 956, 998

  Ither, 1048

  Itil, 446, 447

  Itinerarium mentis in Deum (Bonaventura), 959

  Ivan-i-Kharka, 148

  Ivo, St., Bishop of Chartres, 806, 914

  ivory, 133, 846, 847, 849

  Iwein (Chrétien), 1049

  Jabrites, 217

  Jacob ben Machir Tibbon, 415

  Jacob ben Meir, 410

  Jacob ibn Ezra, 397

  Jacob ibn Tibbon, 910

  Jacopone da Todi, 750, 897*

  Jacqueries, 869

  Jacques de Vitry, 768, 927

  Jafar, 199, 207, 233, 278

  Mosque of, 273

  Jafariya, 201

  Jaffa, 592, 600, 601, 607, 608

  Jagatai, 339

  Jahiz, Othman Amr al-, 245

  Jahwar, ibn, 296

  Jaime I, see James I

  Jalubi, 315

  James I, King of Aragon, 373, 402, 404, 698-699, 701, 783

  James II, King of Aragon, 979, 1000

  James, St., 458

  bones of, 752

  Jamshid, 269

  Janda, Lake, 97

  Japan, 140, 149, 263, 272, 910, 993

  Japheth, 370*

  Jarrow, 483, 488

  Jassas, ibn al-, 209

  Jauhar, 286

  Jean de Meung (Clopinel), 944, 1052-1053, 1055

  Jean d’Orbais, 880

  Jean le Texier, 878, 879

  Jean Petit, 952

  Jeanne of Navarre, 647

  Jeanne of Toulouse, 776

  Jehuda Halevi, see Khazari, al-

  Jehuda Hanasi, 211, 351, 352*, 364

  Jehuda ibn Daud Chayuj, 396

  Jehuda ibn Ezra, 373

  Jenghiz Khan, 339-340, 655

  Jerome, St., 45, 57-55, 57, 59, 69, 72, 78, 135, 348, 522, 526, 901, 908, 1018

  Jerome of Ascoli, 1014

  Jerusalem, 45, 59, 132, 147, 151, 156, 166, 169, 183, 185, 190, 194, 216, 218, 228, 229, 230, 270, 273, 285, 289, 319, 338, 341, 348, 350, 355*, 359, 366, 385, 389, 399, 424, 431, 440, 458, 469, 585, 586, 590, 591, 592, 593, 595, 597, 598, 600, 601, 602, 607, 608, 715, 716, 752, 754, 865, 874, 909, 1019, 1044, 1068

 

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