by Yitzhak Arad
Gutman-1963. Yisrael Gutman, Mered Hanezurim (“Revolt of the Besieged”), Tel Aviv, 1963.
Hellwig. YVA, TR-10/1112, the Zimmermann trial, testimony of Otto Hellwig.
Helman. YVA, 0-3/2267, testimony of Shlomo Helman.
Hilberg, Raul. The Destruction of the European Jews, Chicago, 1967.
Hoffman. YVA, TR-10/1061, the trial against J. Hoffman.
Hohme, Heinz. The Order of the Death’s Head, London, 1970.
Ich, Adolf Eichmann, Ein historischer Zeugenbericht, Leoni am Starnberger See, 1980.
Jablonski, Mroz, Zabierowski, et al. Glowna Komisja Badania Zbrodni Hitlerows-kich w, Polsce, Warsaw, April 1983, International Scientific Session.
Kahana, David. Yoman getto Lvov (“The Lvov Ghetto Diary”), Jerusalem, 1978.
Kaplan, Chaim Aharon. Scroll of Agony, Tel Aviv, 1966.
Katz, Abraham. Testimony to the Israel Police, 1221.
KL Auschwitz seen by the SS Höss, Broad, Kremer, 2d ed., Museum w Oswiecimu, 1978.
Klarsfeld, Serge. Memorial to the Jews Deported from France 1942–1944, New York, 1983.
Kleiman. YVA, 0-16/118, testimony of Moshe Kleiman.
Kogon, Eugen. Der SS-Staat, Bonn, 1974.
Kogon 1950. Eugen Kogon, The Theory and Practice of Hell, London, 1950.
Kon, Stanislav. “The Uprising in Treblinka,” in Sefer Milchamot Ha-Getaot (“The Ghetto War Book”), Yitshak Zukerman and Moshe Basok, eds., Tel Aviv.
Korbonski, Stefan. W Imieniu Rzeczypospolitej, Paris, 1954.
Krolikowski, Jerzy. Budowalem most Kolejowy w poblizu Treblinki, B.Z.I.H., No. 49, 1964.
Kszepicki, Abraham. Treblinka, B.Z.I.H., No. 43–44, 1962.
Kszepicki-Donat. See Donat.
Kudlik. YVA, 03/550, testimony of Alexander Kudlik.
Lerner. Testimony of Yehuda Lerner, in Sobibor, Martyrdom and Revolt, Miriam Novitch, ed., New York, 1980.
Lerner-YVA. YVA, 0-3/4137, testimony of Yehuda Lerner.
Lewin, Abraham. Pinkaso shel Hamore Mihudia (“Notes from the Teacher of Judea School”), Tel Aviv, 1969.
Lewkowicz. YVA, 0-3/1560, testimony of Sonia Lewkowicz. (See also YVA, 0-3/4181.)
Lichtman, A. YVA, L-11/5, testimony of Ada Lichtman.
Lichtman, Y. YVA, 127/3688, testimony of Yitzhak Lichtman.
Lindwaser. Mishpat Eichman, Eduyot B (“The Eichmann Trial, Testimonies, B”), Jerusalem, 1974; see testimony of Abraham Lindwaser, therein.
Margolis. Testimony of Abraham Margolis, in Collective Evidence Sobibor, YVA, 0-3/2352.
Margolis-YVA. YVA, 3688/127, testimony of Abraham Margolis.
Marszalek, Jozef. Majdanek, Warszawa, 1981.
Matkowski, Alexander. The Destruction of Macedonian Jewry in 1943, Yad Vashem Studies, Volume III, 1959.
Mazower. Testimony of Ida Mazower, in Survived Majdanek.
Menche. YVA, M-1/E-651, testimony of Chaskel Menche.
Milgroim, David. Testimony in Miparashat Hashoa.
Miparashat Hashoa (“The Holocaust Account”), Extermination Camps in Poland, Israel Kloisner, ed.; see testimony of David Milgroim.
Museum of the Combatants. Pirsumei Muzeon Halochamim u-Partizanim (“Publication of the Museum of the Combatants and Partisans”), Tel Aviv, April 1973.
Nationalsozialistische Massentötungen durch Giftgas, Frankfurt am Main, 1983.
Neiberg, Arie. Haacharonim (“The Last”), Merchavia, 1958.
Novitch. Sobibor, Martyrdom and Revolt, Miriam Novitch, ed., New York, 1980.
Nowe Tory. YVA, M-10, the underground newspaper Nowe Tory (“New Tracks”).
Nuremberg Documents.
Obozy Hitlerowskie na ziemiach polskich 1939–1945, Warszawa, 1979.
Oif der Vach. YVA, M-10, the underground newspaper Oif der Vach.
Pankiewicz, Tadeusz. Apteka w getcie Krakowskim, Krakow, 1982.
Papers of the Delegatura. Krystyna Marczewska, Wladyslaw Wazniewski, “Treblinka w swietle akt Delegatury Rzadu na Kraj, Biuletyn glownej Komisji Badania Zbrodni Hitlerowskich w Polsce, XIX, Warsaw, 1968.
Pechersky, Alexander. Der Ufshtand in Sobibor (“The Uprising in Sobibor”), Moscow, 1946.
Pechersky-Homeland. Sovietish Heimland (“Soviet Homeland”), 1970, No. 5, article by Pechersky. A Yiddish publication in the Soviet Union.
Pechersky-radio. YVA, 2688/127-0, Pechersky’s story as told on a Soviet radio station.
Pechersky-Russian. YVA, 033/1052, Pechersky’s memoirs in Russian.
Perelsztain. YVA, 0-16/106, testimony of Leon Perelsztain.
Piotrkowski, Stanislaw. Misja Odyla Globocnika, Warszawa, 1949.
Platkiewicz. Plock—Toldot Kehilla Atikat Yomin Be-Polin (“Plock—The History of an Ancient Community in Poland”), testimony of Marian Platkiewicz, Tel Aviv, 1967.
Rajgrodski, Jerzy. Jedenascie Miesiecy w Obozie Zaglady w Treblince, B.Z.I.H., No. 25, 1958.
Rajzman. YVA, 0-3/547, testimony of Shmuel Rajzman.
Rajzman-Dokumenty. Dokumenty i Materialy, Obozy, p. 188, testimony of Shmuel Rajzman.
Rajzman -Wengrow. Shmuel Rajzman, “The Uprising in Treblinka,” in Kehillat Wengrow, Sefer Zikaron (“Memorial Book of the Community of Wengrow”), Tel Aviv.
Rashke, Richard. Escape from Sobibor, Boston, 1982.
Reder, Rudolf. Belzec, C.Z.K.H., Krakow, 1946.
Reichman. YVA, 0-3/3816, testimony of Yechiel Reichman.
Reitlinger, Gerald. The Final Solution, 2d ed., London.
Rosenfeld. YVA, 0-33/1047, testimony of Semion Rosenfeld.
Rotenberg. YVA, 0-3/4141, testimony of Izak Rotenberg.
Rotkirchen, Livia. Churban Yahadut Slovakia (“The Destruction of Slovak Jewry”), Jerusalem, 1961.
Rozenberg. YVA, 0-3/4039, testimony of Eli Rozenberg (in German).
Ruckerl, Adalbert. NS-Vernichtungslager in Spiegel deutscher Strafprozesse, DTV Dokumente, München, 1977.
Rutkowski, Adam. Ruch oporu w hitlerowskim Obozie stracen Sobibor, B.Z.I.H., No. 65–66, 1968.
Salomea. YVA, 0-62/27, testimony of Hanel Salomea.
Schepanisky, Israel. Luach Hashoa shel Yahadut Polin (“The Holocaust Calendar of Polish Jewry”), New York, 1974.
Schwarzbart Collection. YVA, M-2/196, the Schwarzbart Collection.
Sefer Lida (“The Lida Book”), Tel Aviv, 1970.
Sefer Milchamot Ha-Getaot (“The Ghetto War Book”), Yitshak Zukerman and Moshe Basok, eds., Tel Aviv.
Sereni, Gitta. Into the Darkness, London, 1974.
Shneidman. YVA, 03/1560, testimony of Wolf Shneidman.
Shperling, Heniek. Fun Letzten Churbn (“From Last Destruction”), No. 6, München, 1947.
Sobibor-Bolender. YVA, TR-10/1069, the Sobibor-Bolender trial, Düsseldorf.
Stone Collection. YVA, S-3688/127, the Stone Collection.
Strawczinski. YVA, 0-3/3131, testimony of Oscar Strawczinski.
Streibel. YVA, TR-10/1102, the trial of Streibel.
Sukno, Bronka. Testimony to the Israel Police, file PL/01121.
Survived Majdanek. Przezyli Majdanek, testimonies of survivors of Majdanek, published by the Museum of Majdanek, Lublin, 1980.
Taffet, Gerszon. Zaglada Zydow Zolkiewskich, Lodz, 1946.
Tiagman. YVA, 0-3/1586, testimony of Kalman Taigman.
Tomin-Sinelnikov. Valentin Tomin and A. Sinelnikov, Vozvrashchenie nezhelatelno, Moscow, 1964.
Trager. YVA, 3688/127, testimony of Israel Trager.
Treblinka-Franz. YVA, TR-1C/1074, the first Treblinka trial, the Kurt Franz trial Düsseldorf. (See also YVA, TR-10/833.)
Treblinka-Stangl. YVA, TR-10/1074, the second Treblinka trial, the Franz Stangl trial.
Tshenstochow. Encyclopaedia of the Jewish Diaspora, The Tshenstochow Book B, Jerusalem, 1967. See Aron Gelberd, 19 Teg in Treblinke (“Nineteen Days in Treblinka”), therein.
Turowski. YVA, 2941/64-T, testimony of Eugeny Turowski.
Wang. YVA, 3688/127-0, the testimony of Abraham Wang.
War Crimes in Poland. S. Da
tner, J. Gumkowski, K. Leszczinski, War Crimes in Poland, Genocide 1939–1945, Warsaw, 1962.
Weinberg. YVA, 0-3/565, testimony of Boris (Kazik) Weinberg.
Wengrow. Kehillat Wengrow, Sefer Zikaron (“Memorial Book of the Community of Wengrow”), Tel Aviv.
Widmann. YVA, TR-10/959, the trial against Dr. Widmann.
Wiernik, Jacob (Yankel). A Yor in Treblinka (“A Year in Treblinka”), New York, 1944.
Wilenberg-Moreshet. Shmuel Wilenberg, Treblinka—Hamachane ve-Hamered (“Treblinka—The Camp and the Uprising”), Yalkut-Moreshet, No. 5, Tel Aviv, 1966.
Wilenberg-Yad Vashem. Shmuel Wilenberg, “Uprising in Treblinka,” Yad Vashem News, 25/26, 1961.
Wirth. YVA, 0-68, Christian Wirth’s personal file. The original is in the Berlin Documentation Center.
Yad Vashem Studies.
Yediot. YVA, M-10, the underground newspaper Yediot (“News”).
YVA. Yad Vashem Archives.
Zabecki, Franciszek. Wspomnienia dawne i nowe, Warszawa, 1977.
Zabecki -Biuletyn. Biuletyn Glownej Komisji Badania Zbrodni Hitlerowskich w Polsce, XIII, 1960, pp. 86–87, a testimony given by Franciszek Zabecki on December 21, 1945.
Zaremba, Jan Alexander. Treblinka, Kielce, 1945.
Zeszyty Majdanka, No. VI, Lublin, 1972; No. IX, Wydawnictwo Lubelskie, 1977.
Zukerman. YVA, 016/1187, the testimony of Hershl Zukerman.
Notes
Chapter One
1. Yad Vashem Archives (hereafter, YVA), 0-18/245.
2. Raul Hilberg, The Destruction of the European Jews (hereafter, Hilberg), Chicago, 1967, pp. 218–219, 646.
3. Nuremberg Documents, PS-510.
4. Nationalsozialistische Massentötungen durch Giftgas (hereafter, Nationalsozialistische Massentötungen), Frankfurt am Main, 1983, p. 62.
5. Ibid., p. 31.
6. Ibid., p. 57.
7. KL Auschwitz seen by the SS Höss, Broad, Kremer, second edition, Museum w Oswiecimu, 1978, pp. 92–95.
8. YVA, TR-10/959, pp. 45–47, the trial against Dr. Widmann; Nationalsozialistische Massentötungen, pp. 81–82.
9. Edward Serwanski, Oboz Zaglady w Chelmnie nad Narem (hereafter Chelmno), Poznan, 1964, p. 45; Nationalsozialistische Massentötungen, p. 84, gives the, number of 50–60 people in the Saurer car and 25–30 people in the Diamond car.
10. Nationalsozialistische Massentötungen, pp. 84–86.
11. Nuremberg Documents, PS-510.
12. Ibid., PS-2233.
13. Ibid., NG-2586.
Chapter Two
1. Eugen Kogon, The Theory and Practice of Hell, London, 1950, p. 172.
2. Josef Marszalek, Majdanek (hereafter, Marszalek), Warszawa, 1981, pp. 17–21; Zeszyty Majdanka IX, Wydawnictwo Lubelskie (hereafter, Zeszyty Majdanka), 1977, pp. 83–86, 90–91.
3. Nuremberg Documents, NG-2586-G; Documents on the Holocaust, Y. Arad, Y. Gutman, A. Margaliot, eds. (hereafter, Documents on the Holocaust), Yad Vashem, Jerusalem, 1981, p. 256.
4. Nuremberg Documents, PS-1919.
5. Adalbert Rückerl, NS-Vernichtungslager in Spiegel deutscher Strafprozesse, DTV Dokumente (hereafter, Rückerl), Munchen, 1977, pp. 117–119.
6. Nuremberg Documents, NO-426. Affidavit of Viktor Brack, trial no. 1, at the so-called Doctors’ Trials.
7. Nuremberg Documents, NO-205; Rückerl, p. 132.
8. Gitta Sereni, Into the Darkness (hereafter, Sereni), London, 1974, p. 85.
9. Rückerl, pp. 125–126.
10. Marszalek, pp. 54–55; Zeszyty Majdanka, VI, Lublin, 1972, pp. 22–23.
11. YVA, TR-10/1102-1, pp. 21–23, the trial of Streibel (hereafter, Streibel).
12. United States District Court, Southern District of Florida, Case 77-2668-Civ-NRC, 25/7/1978. USA, Plaintiff, vs. Feodor Fedorenko, Defendant.
13. Streibel, p. 32a.
14. Ibid., pp. 22–23; YVA, TR-10/1102-2, pp. 2–3, 8–9.
Chapter Three
1. Obozy hitlerowskie na ziemiach polskich 1939–1945 (hereafter, Obozy Hitlerowskie), Warszawa, 1979, p. 94.
2. YVA, TR-10/517, pp. 7–8, the trial of Josef Oberhauser (hereafter, Belzec-Oberhauser), Landgericht München.
3. Belzec-Oberhauser, Band 9, pp. 1782–1783.
4. Nuremberg Documents, PS-1553, statement by Gerstein (hereafter, Gerstein); Hilberg, pp. 571–572.
5. Belzec-Oberhauser, Band 6, pp. 1129–1130.
6. Ibid., p. 1131.
7. Ibid., p. 1116; Rückerl, p. 136.
8. Ich, Adolf Eichmann, Ein historischer Zeugenbericht, Leoni am Starnberger See, 1980, pp. 178–179.
9. Belzec-Oberhauser, Band 7, pp. 1288, 1384; Band 8, p. 1465.
10. Ibid., Band 8, p. 1508.
Chapter Four
1. Streibel, TR/1102-2, pp. 28–29.
2. Sereni, pp. 109–111.
3. Rückerl, p. 163.
4. YVA, 1284/1255, Sonia Guter’s testimony, Rejowiec.
5. YVA, TR-10/1069, Band 9, p. 1784, the Sobibor-Bolender trial, Düsseldorf (hereafter, Sobibor-Bolender); Rückerl, pp. 165–166.
6. Sobibor-Bolender, Band 8, p. 1166; Rückerl, pp. 158–165.
7. YVA, TR-10/730, pp. 124–126; YVA, TR-10/567, p. 146; Sobibor-Bolender, Band 7, p. 1322.
8. Rückerl, p. 181.
9. YVA, A-361, p. 4, testimony of Dov Freiberg (hereafter, Freiberg).
Chapter Five
1. Franziszek Zabecki, Wspomnienia dawne i nowe (hereafter, Zabecki), Warszawa, 1977, p. 35.
2. YVA, TR-10/1074, Band 11, pp. 2201, 2205, 2164, the first Treblinka trial, the Kurt Franz trial, Düsseldorf (hereafter, Treblinka-Franz). For the erection of Treblinka, see also YVA, 03/1560, p. 1, testimony of Wolf Shneidman (hereafter, Shneidman); and testimony of Abraham Katz, to the Israel Police, 1221, p. 2.
3. United Nations War Crimes Commission, Registered Number 7349/P/G/1367; Polish Charges against German War Criminals, case No. 1368, page 9. January 5, 1948.
4. Rückerl, pp. 200–205.
5. Faschismus-Getto-Massenmord, Dokumentation über Ausrottung und Widerstand der Juden in Polen während des zweiten Weltkrieges (hereafter, Faschismus-Getto-Massenmord), Berlin, 1961, p. 304, photocopy of the document.
6. Sobibor-Bolender, Band 9, p. 1785.
Chapter Six
1. Dokumenty i Materialy do Dziejow Okupacji niemieckiej w Polsce: Akcje i Wysiedlenia (hereafter, Akcje i Wysiedlenia), Wydawnictwa Centralnej Zydowskiej Komisji Historycznej, Warszawa-Lodz-Krakow, 1946, pp. 32–33; Gerald Reitlinger, The Final Solution (hereafter, Reitlinger), second edition, London, p. 268.
2. Faschismus-Getto-Massenmord, p. 271.
3. Artur Eisenbach, Hitlerowska Polityka Zaglady Zydow (hereafter, Eisen-bach), Warszawa, 1961, p. 312.
4. Ibid., p. 343.
5. Nuremberg Documents, NO-5574.
6. YVA, TR-10/584, p. 204, the trial of Theodor Ganzenmüller, the Director-General of the German railways (hereafter, Ganzenmüller).
7. YVA, 04/4-2.
8. Nuremberg Documents, NO-1611.
9. Hilberg, pp. 133–134; Ganzenmüller, p. 100.
10. Ganzenmüller, pp. 103–104.
11. Heinz Höhme, The Order of the Death’s Head, London, 1970, p. 309.
12. Ganzenmüller, p. 110.
13. Okupacja i ruch oporu w dzienniku Hansa Franka 1939–1945 (hereafter, Frank’s Diaries), tom 1, Warszawa, 1972, pp. 483–484, 487.
14. Ganzenmüller, p. 208.
15. Rückerl p. 114.
16. Ibid., p. 115.
17. Nuremberg Documents, PS-3688.
18. Ibid.
19. Jean Ancel, Plans for Deportation of the Rumanian Jews, Yad-Vahsem Studies, XVI, Jerusalem, 1984, pp. 386–390.
Chapter Seven
1. Streibel, TR-10/1102-7, pp. 4–11.
2. Documents from Lublin Ghetto, Nachman Blumental, ed. (hereafter, Documents from Lublin), Jerusalem, 1967, pp. 242–243.
3. YVA, TR-10/1061, Band III, pp. 446–447, the trial against J. Hoffman (hereafter, Ho
ffman).
4. Encyclopaedia of the Jewish Diaspora, Lublin, Poland series, Jerusalem-Tel Aviv, 1957, pp. 696–701.
5. YVA, 016/17, pp. 2–4; Freiberg, pp. 2–3. For more sources about deportations from small ghettos, see Dokumenty i Materialy, I, Obozy, Nachman Blumental, ed. (hereafter, Dokumenty i Materialy, Obozy), Lodz, 1946, p. 208.
6. Streibel, TR-10/1102-7, pp. 51–54.
7. The Warsaw Diary of Adam Czerniakow, R. Hilberg, S. Staron, J. Kermisz, eds. (hereafter, Czerniakow), New York, 1979, p. 385.
Chapter Eight
1. YVA, L-ll/5, pp. 10–11. Testimony of Ada Lichtman (hereafter, A. Lichtman).
2. Abraham Kszepicki, Treblinka, Biuletyn Zydowskiego Instytutu Historycznego (hereafter, B.Z.I.H.), 1962, No. 43–44, pp. 86–89 (hereafter, Kszepicki).
3. YVA, 0-3/1846, pp. 12–13, testimony of Abraham Goldfarb (hereafter, A. Goldfarb).
4. Jerzy Krolikowski, Budowalem most Kolejowy w poblizu Treblinki, B.Z.I.H., No. 49 (hereafter, Krolikowski), 1964, pp. 47–49.
5. Elimelech Feinzilber, Churben Siedlce (“The Destruction of Siedlce”) (hereafter, Feinzilber), Tel Aviv, 1952, pp. 34–35.
6. Sereni, pp. 158–159.
7. Ganzenmüller, pp. 152–156.
8. Rückerl, p. 114.
9. Zabecki, p. 47.
Chapter Nine
1. The Goebbels Diaries, Louis P. Lochner, ed. (hereafter, Goebbels’ Diaries), New York, 1948, pp. 175–176.
2. Belzec-Oberhauser, Band 6, pp. 1147–1148; Rückerl, p. 137.
3. YVA, TR-10/517, pp. 36–37.
4. Belzec-Oberhauser, Band 8, p. 1512.
5. Rückerl, p. 139.
6. Belzec-Oberhauser, Band 8, pp. 1512–1513.
7. YVA, TR-10/517, pp. 33–34.
8. Sereni, p. 112.
9. Belzec-Oberhauser, Band 8, pp. 1483–1484.
10. Rückerl, pp. 136–137.
11. Tatiana Berenstein, B.Z.I.H., Warszawa, 1957, No. 21; B.Z.I.H., 1959, No. 30; B.Z.I.H., 1967, No. 61; Israel Schepansky, Luach Hashoa shel Yahadut Polin (“The Holocaust Calendar of Polish Jewry”), New York, 1974, No. 83–84, pp. 217–304.