69 AD: The Year of Four Emperors
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Licinius Proculus, 93–94, 117, 121, 124–25, 127–30, 132, 134, 137, 139–40, 150
Lingones, 41, 54, 81, 85
Livia Drusilla, 15, 34–35
Livia Ocellina, 31–32
Livy, 196, 274, 277
Lucceius Albinus, 147, 258
Luceria, 74
Sex. Lucilius Bassus, 161, 169, 196, 198. 200–201, 215, 268
Lucus Augusti, 87, 122
Lugdunensis. See Gallia
Lugdunum, 22, 27, 41, 85–86, 147, 149–51, 217
Q. Lutatius Catulus, 31, 35
Machaerus, 176
Manlius Valens, 50, 81, 86
Marcianus, 40
Maritime Alps, 104, 221
A. Marius Celsus, 60, 67, 93, 96, 102, 111, 117–20, 125, 127–30, 132, 134, 137–39, 150–51, 160, 303n.7, 307n.6, 309n.8
Marius Maturus, 104, 221
Marricus, 147, 259
Martius Macer, 116–18, 121–22, 131–32, 155, 309n.8
Masada, 176, 226, 270
Mauretania, 126, 147, 258
Mediolanum, 84, 88, 112
Mediomatrici, 85
Messallina, 17, 76
L. Mestrius Florus, 132–33, 271
Mevania, 219, 232–34, 236
military chest (savings), 3, 192, 265
military oath, 6, 16, 29–30, 40–42, 54–56, 66, 69, 151, 181, 184, 210, 264
military pay, 29, 94, 155–56, 162, 265–66, 309n.10
Milvian Bridge (Rome), 43, 158, 251, 260
Minturnae, 233
Misenum, fleet of, 28, 43, 102, 161, 188, 231, 233–34, 303n.8
Mithridates, 43
Moesia, 98, 101, 190, 223–24, 259
Mogontiacum, 23, 55, 62, 87, 260
Mons Vocetius, 88
Mont Genèvre Pass, 84
Moselle (river), 85
Mount Carmel, 177–78, 181
Mummia Achaica, 31
C. Musonius Rufus, 250
Mutina, 146, 168, 219
Narbo Martius, 38–39
Narbonensis. See Gallia
Narnia, 219, 234, 236–38
NERO, 1, 3, 6, 11–12, 15–22, 24–30, 34, 37–38, 47–48, 50, 57–60, 64, 66, 73, 78–79, 92, 99, 141, 149, 159–60, 172–77, 186, 234, 265, 268–69, 278, 286–87, 289, 291–92
NERVA, 266, 272, 275–76, 312n.4
Nicaea, 280
Noricum, 89, 195
Novaesium, 260
Novaria, 88, 112
Numisius Lupus, 98, 198–99
Nursia, 171
Nymphidius Sabinus, 29–30, 39–41, 43, 64, 266–67, 285–86, 303n.5
Obultronius Sabinus, 38
Ocriculum, 219, 249
Octavia, 17, 37
Oea, 258
Ofonius Tigellinus, 18, 29, 39, 46, 94, 96
Onesimus, 48
Onomastus, 63–65
Opitergium, 196
Orfidius Benignus, 136, 138
Ostia, 103, 106–7
OTHO, 1, 3–5, 7, 26, 36–38, 57–60, 62–71, 74, 83–85, 88, 91–103, 106–112, 117, 123–25, 127–30, 132–34, 137–47, 180–81, 190, 192, 196, 198, 217, 232, 262–63, 265, 271–72, 275, 281, 284, 286–90, 306n.7, 10, 308n.1, 309n.4, 313n.5
Pannonia, 13, 64, 101, 169, 195, 306n.6
Parthiians, 52, 75, 175, 186–87
Patavium, 196, 199
Patrobius, 72
Pedanius Costa, 309n.8
Q. Petillius Cerialis, 236–37, 249–51, 257, 260
Petronia, 77, 153
P. Petronius Turpilianus, 28, 43
Petronius Urbicus, 89
Phaon, 30
Picarius Decumus, 106, 258
Pisa, 221
Placentia, 112–18, 120, 132, 140, 144–45, 192, 219, 260
Pliny the Elder, 246, 273, 275, 282
Pliny the Younger, 212, 273, 275, 277
Plotius Firmus, 93–94, 139, 141, 144–45
L. Plotius Grypus, 227, 230
Po (river), 88, 102, 112–14, 116–17, 131–34, 201, 227
Poetovio, 192–93
Pompeii, 212
Pompeius Propinquus, 60, 84
M. Pompeius Silvanus, 51, 228, 268
Pompeius Vopiscus, 97
Pompey the Great, 207
Pontine Marshes, 262
Pontus, 188, 224, 258
Poppaea Sabina, 17–18, 37, 99, 289
Porcius Septiminus, 195
Portus Herculis Monoeci, 221
Postumian Way (Via Postumia), 116, 118–20, 133–37, 197, 202–3, 205. 208, 219, 226
programmatic actions, 96, 153, 160, 196, 257; cf. 289
Pseudo-Nero, 258
Ptolemy (astrologer), 37
Publilius Sabinus, 161, 215
Puteoli, 233
C. Quinctius Atticus, 160, 235, 243, 247–48, 309n.8
Quintilian, 272
Raetia, 84, 88, 195
Ravenna, fleet at, 112, 161, 168–69, 188, 196, 198, 200–201, 219–21, 229–30
Reate, 171, 173
Regium Lepidum, 144
Rhône (river), 22, 85, 222
Rhoxolani, 98, 190, 198, 223
Romulus, 11, 119, 160
Rosius Regulus, 216
Rubrius Gallus, 28, 145. 167, 224, 268
Salarian Way (Via Salaria), 249, 251
Sallust, 104, 203
Salonina, 113
Salvia (Otho’s sister), 36, 143
M. Salvius Cocceianus (nephew), 143, 258
L. Salvius Otho (father), 26–27, 36
L. Salvius Titianus (brother), 36–37, 97, 100, 111, 117–18. 121, 124–25, 127–30, 132, 134, 137–39, 150
Saône (river), 85
Sarmatian Iazyges, 195
Saxa Rubra, 249
Secundus (rhetorician), 128–29
Sedochezi, 225
Sempronius Densus, 71
Seneca, 17, 274
Septicius Clarus, 278
SEPTIMIUS SEVERUS, 280
Sequani, 20, 23, 41, 51
SEVERUS ALEXANDER, 263, 280
Sextilia, 51, 75, 77, 100, 149, 153, 159, 238
P. Sextilius Felix, 195, 310n9.3
Silius Italicus, 240
Sinuessa, 96
Sisenna, 229
Smyrna, 271
Sostratus, 180
speculator(es), 59, 71, 111, 304n.2
Sporus, 281
Statilia Messallina, 143
Stoechades Islands, 222
Suebi, 195
T. Suedius Clemens, 103–4, 268
Suetonius Laetus, 15, 91, 136, 277
C. Suetonius Paulinus, 101–2, 111, 117, 124–28, 130, 132, 134, 137, 139–40, 150, 307n.4
Sulpicii Camerini, 147
C. Sulpicius Galba (father), 31, 302n.1
C. Sulpicius Galba (brother), 32
Syria, 52, 75, 174–75, 185, 258, 264
L. Tampius Flavianus, 51, 195, 198–99, 268
Tarracina, 214, 234, 237, 248, 260
Tarraconensis. See Hispania
Tartarus (river), 197, 201
Tertulla, 171
Tettius Julianus, 98, 192
Thrasea Paetus, 48, 160
Tiber (river), 110, 255, 260
TIBERIUS, 13, 15–17, 31–32, 34–36, 63, 75, 78, 160, 172, 263–64, 267, 269, 275–76, 287
Ticinum, 112, 122–23, 156
Tiridates of Armenia, 186
TITUS, 79, 161, 170, 173, 175, 178–80, 186, 259, 268, 270, 310n.6
Tolosa, 192, 268
TRAJAN, 131, 259, 266, 271, 274–76
Trapezus, 224
M. Trebellius Maximus, 81, 154
C. Trebonius, 301n.2
Treveri, 41, 54, 81, 105
Triaria, 76, 152–53, 217, 248
Tullum, 85
Tungrians, 105–6
Turullius Cerialis, 116
C. Umbricius, 65
M. Ulpius Traianus, 180
Urvinum Hortense, 238
D. Valerius Asiaticus, 81, 149
Valerius Festus,
166, 225, 234
Valerius Marinus, 309n.8
Valerius Paulinus, 221–22
Varius Crispinus, 106–7, 109
Vascones, 22
Vedius Aquila, 137, 196
Vellocatus, 222
Venutius, 222
Verania, 60, 72
Vercellae, 88, 112
L. Verginius Rufus, 20, 22–25, 27–30, 42, 53–54, 97, 143, 145, 156, 268, 273, 302n.5
Verona, 114, 116, 168, 196–99, 201, 227–28. 230
Verulana Gratilla, 243
Vesontio, 23–24, 27
Vespasia Polla, 171–72
Vespasian, 1, 34, 73, 79, 147–48, 154–55, 165–67, 169–89, 190. 192–93, 196–200, 211, 213–14, 217, 221–23, 225, 227, 230, 236, 238–43, 245, 247, 254–55, 257–59, 261, 263, 265–71, 278, 282, 287, 291–92
Vestal Virgins, 250
T. Vestricius Spurinna, 114, 116–17, 132
Vesuvius, 212, 275
Vetera, 260
M. Vettius Bolanus, 154, 166
Veturius, 64, 304n.7
Q. Vibius Crispus, 151
Vicetia, 79, 113
Vienna (Vienne), 22, 86, 97, 122, 149–50
Vindonissa, 23, 84, 226
Vinia, 29, 39, 46, 58, 72
T. Vinius, 11, 20, 35–36, 39, 41, 45–47, 58, 60, 63, 67–71, 79, 91, 94, 164, 267, 285–86, 304n.6
C. Vipstanus Apronianus, 97
Vipstanus Messalla, 7, 190, 192, 199, 203–4, 208, 213, 226–27, 282–83
Virdius Geminus, 225
Vitellia (daughter), 77–78, 81, 149, 249, 258
VITELLIUS, 1, 3, 8–9, 51, 53–56, 60, 71, 74–80, 83, 88, 91–94, 99–101, 109–12, 124, 127, 129–30, 136–37, 139–41, 143–73, 180–83, 190, 192–93, 195–200, 210, 214–18, 221–22, 230–43, 245–51, 253–55, 260–65, 271, 275, 277–79, 281, 285, 309n.9, 311n.2, 4
Vitellius (son), 78, 149–50, 217–18, 241, 258
A. Vitellius (uncle), 75
L. Vitellius (brother), 76, 100, 111, 127, 146, 151, 214–18, 231–32, 234–35, 248–49, 253, 256
L. Vitellius (father), 51, 149
P. Vitellius (grandfather), 74
P. Vitellius (uncle), 75
Q. Vitellius (great uncle), 75
Q. Vitellius (uncle), 75
Vitellius Petronianus (son), 77
Vocontii, 87
Vologaeses I of Parthia, 186
C. Volusius, 209