The End of Power
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Political science, 38
Politics, 4, 10, 13, 16, 29, 31, 61, 63, 102, 219
fragmentation of, 78, 80, 82, 90, 94, 103, 224
geopolitics, 5, 12, 13, 149–150, 157, 235
and gridlock, 77, 80, 223, 242
legal rulings in, 99–100
mandates in, 88, 91, 238
national, 76–106
paralysis of, 222–224
political bosses, 6, 91
political competition, 85, 123, 252–254, 253–254(figs.)
political liberalization, 250–254
political participation, 241–243, 250
political parties, 6, 12, 21, 29, 30, 33, 41, 51, 54, 64, 68, 77, 88–89, 93, 95, 99, 103–104, 105, 196, 220, 223, 228, 229, 232, 239–241, 242, 243, 252
political pluralism, 247
political power, 6, 77, 78, 80, 94, 100, 105, 220, 242, 247, 250
and wars, 118, 143
Polity Project/Polity Score, 250–251, 252(fig.)
Populations, 54, 58, 61, 67, 151, 240
Christian, 196
Portugal, 82, 90, 151
Poverty, 10, 15, 18, 73, 85, 198, 208, 240
decline in, 56
extreme poverty, 55
Powell, Colin, 108
Power, 9, 83
balance of power, 27, 108, 139, 202
barriers concerning, 10, 11, 17, 18, 28–30, 54, 70–74, 134, 231 (see also Barriers to entry)
and big size, 34, 38, 52, 75 (see also Bureaucracies)
channels of, 23–25, 72
concentration of, 49–50, 213–214, 220, 224, 226, 243
conversations about, 13–14, 233, 234, 237
corporate power, 37, 38, 49, 163, 167, 168, 191, 192
dangers and risks of decay of power, 221–222, 227–232
decay of, 1–2, 5, 12–15, 17–19, 50, 51, 52, 76–106, 121, 122, 127–128, 134, 135, 141, 144, 150, 152, 156, 158, 162, 193, 198, 216, 218–232, 233–244
decoupling power from size, 52 (see also Power: and big size)
definition of, 15, 16, 23
distribution of, 17, 27–28, 30, 57, 58–59, 61, 64, 69, 194, 231, 250
economic power, 47, 146, 152, 167
getting/keeping, 11, 16, 35, 72, 75, 121, 130, 158, 163, 172, 217, 236, 237, 244
of individuals, 8
vs. influence, 26–27
innate urge for, 3
market power, 30–31, 31–33, 168–171, 179, 187, 213
measuring, 16–17, 20, 21, 136
micropowers, 13, 17, 50, 51–52, 53, 70, 74–75, 77, 107–108, 191, 196–197, 237
military power, 5, 113, 115, 125, 127–128, 244
moral basis of, 69
political power, 6, 77, 78, 80, 94, 100, 105, 220, 242, 247, 250
shifts in, 1, 13, 27–28, 57, 71, 133, 134, 139, 155, 193, 216, 217, 233, 234, 242
social function of, 17
soft power, 1, 108, 125, 132, 137, 139, 141
talking productively about, 22–23
traditional model of, 71–72
Weber’s theory of, 40
Power Elite, The (Mills), 47
Prepaid phone cards, 63, 66
Prices, 31, 32, 37, 63, 101, 165, 169, 170, 176, 179, 22
price-fixing, 33, 219
share prices, 188
Prince, The (Machiavelli), 15
Princip, Gavrilo, 114
Privacy, 48
Private equity funds, 189
Privatization, 101, 102, 167, 172
Procter and Gamble, 31
Propaganda, 118, 120, 124, 153
ProPublica, 216
Prosperity gospel, 195
Protestant Ethic and the Spirit of Capitalism, The (Weber), 39
Protestants, 197. See also Religion: Evangelicals/fundamentalists/charismatics
Prussia, 41
Przeworski, A., 247, 248, 250(fig.)
Psy (rapper), 149
Public opinion, 67, 68, 85, 118, 147–148, 156, 227, 239
Pulitzer Prize, 214, 216
Puritanism, 39
Putin, Vladimir, 218
Putnam, Robert, 67
Qaddafi, Moammar, 21, 149
Qaradawi, Yusef al-, 199
Qatar, 149, 216
Quality of life, 56
Quinn, James Brian, 182
Ramachandran, Vijaya, 145
Ramirez, Alejandro, 184–185
Rare earths, 56–57
Reagan, Ronald, 88, 172, 202
Real estate, 24, 27, 118, 218
Recessions, 6–7, 54, 167. See also Economic/financial crises
Redeemed Christian Church of God, 196
Referenda, 86, 94, 95, 151
Reforms, 69, 77, 84, 96, 100, 102, 122, 167, 172, 184, 202, 223, 237, 243, 250–254
Regimes, 138, 247
Regulations/deregulation, 29, 30, 32, 36, 48, 49, 101, 167, 168, 169, 170, 172, 174, 184, 187, 190, 212, 228
Reid, Richard, 111
Religion, 4, 5, 10, 16, 18, 23, 24, 25, 33, 41, 44, 66, 67, 75, 78, 154, 193, 217, 225, 231, 233, 244
Evangelicals/fundamentalists/charismatic, 8–9, 73, 106, 194–199
and financial success, 195, 198
liberation theology, 197
See also Catholic Church; Islam
Remittances, 60, 63
Repression, 14, 53, 54, 70, 73, 85, 100, 219, 242
Republican Party, 76, 79, 95, 239. See also Tea Party movement
Reputations, 7, 162, 166, 174
Research and development (R&D), 182, 183, 229
Resource issues, 15, 18, 23, 29, 43, 52, 75, 102, 125, 169, 171, 174, 175, 226, 230, 231
Revolt of the elites, 48, 49
Revolutionary transformations, 11
Rewards, 24–25, 26, 73
Rid, Thomas, 115, 122, 127–128
Riesman, David, 46
Rights, 74, 200, 247. See also Human rights
Riis, Jacob, 43
Rio de Janeiro, 196
Rise and Fall of the Great Powers, The (Kennedy), 139
Roberts, Alasdir, 202
Robots, 120
Robson, Ray, 3
Rockefeller, John D., 42, 211
Rolex, 169
Romania, 53
Rome (ancient), 36
Royal, Ségolène, 92–93
Rules, 30, 33, 40, 136, 138, 140, 149–150, 160, 169, 172, 191, 223, 225, 228, 231
rule of law, 247
rules of war, 121–128
Runyon, Damon, 108
Rusbridger, Alan, 216
Russell, Jason, 134
Russia, 14, 49, 70, 80, 85, 108, 109, 113, 114, 131, 132, 133, 135, 140, 142, 144, 148, 151, 155, 167, 201, 235, 240. See also Soviet Union
Rwanda, 121
SABMiller, 187
Sacks, Raven E., 163
Saez, Emmanuel, 6
Sala-i-Martin, Xavier, 55
Salazar, Antonio, 82
Salvation Army, 207
Samaritan’s Purse, 5
Sanoma, 215
Sao Paulo, 196
Sarkozy, Nicolas, 92, 93
Saudi Arabia, 65, 154
Saxenian, AnnaLee, 61, 181
Scandals, 18, 85, 99, 210, 240
Scaroni, Paolo, 160
Schibsted, 215
Schumpeter, Joseph, 71, 247
Schweller, Randall, 140
Science, 9, 16, 45, 236
number of scientists, 57
Seattle, 207
Security state, 52
Seave, Ana, 181
SEIU. See Service Employees International Union
Senegal, 59
Separatism, 106, 221
Serbia, 151
Service Employees International Union (SEIU), 200, 203–204
Seven Sisters, 159, 160
Severgnini, Beppe, 79
Sex, 16, 52, 70
Shah, Apoorva, 209
Shanghai, 181, 188
SharedSolar, 178
Shell Oil, 2, 159
Shenzhen, 181
Shinawatra, Thaksin, 50, 95
Shintoism, 199
Shirky, Clay, 53
Shirtmakers, 30–31
Shunmugam, Venkatachalam, 189
Siberia, 175
Siemens, 37
Silicon Valley, 180, 181, 220
Sills, Ben, 178
Silver, Nate, 214–215
Singer, Peter, 117
Singh, Manmohan, 89, 98
Skills, 32, 123, 228–229
Skype, 63, 159, 180
Slacktivism, 230
Small countries, 151–152, 153, 156, 157
Social media, 14, 78, 102, 103, 111, 216, 230, 242. See also Facebook; Twitter
Social Ventures Partners International, 209
Sociology/social science, 38, 75, 232
Soft Power: The Means to Success in World Politics (Nye), 137
Solana, Javier, 51
Somalia, 29, 62, 107, 110, 118, 127, 143
Sony, 159
Soros, George, 8, 50, 161
South Africa, 9, 83, 90, 99, 133, 147, 148, 155, 180, 186, 195
South American Defense Council, 143
South Korea, 9, 83, 145, 149, 165, 195
Sovereign states, 81, 81(fig.), 82. See also Nation-states
Soviet Union, 3, 27, 28, 81, 119, 138, 139, 150, 153, 157, 232
ex-Soviet bloc, 249, 251, 254 (see also Warsaw Pact)
See also Cold War; Russia
Spain, 79, 82, 92, 99, 151, 159, 176, 201, 215
political parties in, 96
Specialization, 41
Speed, 177, 178
Spending, 46, 61, 115, 123, 223
military spending, 13, 108–109, 119, 122, 136, 141
Sports, 9, 208, 216, 234
Spotify, 212
Sri Lanka, 114, 186
Srivastava, Mehul, 177
St. Germain Football Club, 149
Stability, 18, 19, 23, 52, 64, 66, 101, 133, 136, 137, 138, 141, 190, 224, 228
stable democracies, 249
Stalin, Joseph, 108
Standard of living, 54, 56, 58, 64
Standard Oil, 35
Stanko, Michael, 182
Start-ups, 1, 48, 51, 61, 177, 191, 214
Steel, 7, 37, 71, 146, 168
Stein, Eduardo, 96
Stern, Andy, 203–204
Stock exchanges, 187–189, 191
Stockyards (in Chicago), 41
Stoddard, Nat, 164
Strategy Formulation: Political Concept (MacMillan), 25–17
Subcontracting, 44. See also Outsourcing
Subsidies, 155, 157
Sudan/South Sudan, 5, 59, 81, 124
Suicide bombers, 120
Sullivan, Richard, 205
Super-PACs, 94–95, 218
Surveillance, 14, 53, 112
Sweden, 63, 78, 92, 106, 201
Sweeney, Bill, 88
Switzerland, 215
Syria, 14, 53, 110, 150, 238
Taiwan, 83, 180, 182
Tal, Mikhail, 3
Taliban, 113, 126, 127, 131, 142, 236
Tamil Tigers, 114
Tangentopoli, 9
Target, 209
Tariffs, 155, 173, 183
Tasmania, 216
Taxation, 157, 172, 177, 184, 223, 236
Tea Party movement, 79, 91–92, 93, 202, 232, 236, 239
Technology, 1, 29, 36, 44, 57, 100, 116, 123, 137, 233, 236
disruptive, 173, 182
emerging technology areas, 181
information/communication technologies, 10, 13–14, 70, 102, 110, 172, 206, 243
Tehran, 219
Telemedicine, 177
Telenovelas, 148, 149
Telephony, 221, 230. See also Cellphones; Prepaid phone cards
Ten Commandments, 24
Tenner, Edward, 3
Terrible Simplifiers, 229, 236, 237, 241
Terrorism, 12, 18, 54, 108, 109, 110, 111, 112, 114–115, 118, 140, 221, 226
attacks of 9/11, 107, 114, 121, 122, 126, 127, 139
Foreign Terrorist Organizations (designation), 114
Texas Pacific Group, 189
Textiles, 37, 186
Text messaging, 53, 103, 210, 230
Thailand, 50, 97–98, 165, 172
Tharoor, Shashi, 148
Thatcher, Margaret, 172
The Gap, 176
Thermopylae, battle of, 112
Thirty Years War 135
Thom, Randall, 175
Thus Spake Zarathustra (Nietzsche), 16
Time Warner, 212, 213
Timex, 169
Tiririca, 79
“Too big to fail,” 167
Torture, 114
Tourism, 61–62, 145, 153
Toyota, 184, 205
Trade, 13, 53, 62, 73, 101, 102, 138, 144, 151, 155, 157, 183, 187, 191, 219, 235
growth of, 172–173
See also Tariffs
Tradition, 24, 27, 60, 65, 73, 78, 98, 123, 153
Trafficking, 18, 127
Trafigura trading firm, 216
Treaties, 137–138, 139, 151, 185, 228
Trends, 28, 71, 74, 84(fig.), 86–87, 90, 93, 94, 96, 109, 113–114, 158, 163, 164, 166, 184, 186, 201, 253
in number of democratic regimes, 248
regional trends in democracy, 249–250(figs.), 251
Trierweiler, Valérie, 93
Trust, 15, 68, 232, 237–239, 240, 242, 243
Tuberculosis, 43
Tunisia, 14, 57, 95, 100, 242
Turkey, 13, 147, 186, 201
Turkmenistan, 131
Tuvalu, 152
Twitter, 14, 28, 53, 62–63, 100, 125, 166, 179, 212, 216, 229
TXU energy company, 189
Tyranny, 224, 226. See also Dictators
Tyson, Ann Scott, 111
Uganda, 113, 134
Ukraine, 9, 103
Unemployment, 14, 15, 23, 130
Unions, 34, 38, 41, 45, 59, 68, 104, 193
history of, 200–202
See also Labor; under United States
United Arab Emirates, 65, 186
United Fruit Company, 178
United Kingdom. See Great Britain
United Nations, 55, 59, 62, 137, 138, 144, 227, 244
Durban climate talks, 152
Human Development Index, 57
members in, 81
Millennium Declaration, 156
peacekeeping missions of, 124
Security Council, 150, 151
United States, 9, 22, 27, 37, 57, 79, 86, 117, 144, 150, 195, 222–223
Agency for International Development (USAID), 8, 206
Chamber of Commerce hacked, 110
confirmation of appointees in, 91
decline of, 14, 131–132, 139–140, 235
defense budget/military spending, 13, 108–109, 119, 136, 141
economy, 45, 131, 223
elections in, 87, 88, 92, 241–242
favorable views of, 147
foundations in, 42–43
as hegemon, 130, 131, 136, 140, 141, 235
Hispanics in, 59
labor movement in, 59 (see also United States: unions in)
Max Weber visit to, 39–40, 41
millionaires in, 42
Pax Americana, 141, 143
philanthropy in, 205–207
Special Operations Command, 124
State Department, 114, 138
Supreme Court, 68, 94, 98
unions in, 201, 202–203
United Way, 207
Universal Postal Union, 41
Universities, 30, 34, 41, 42, 61, 65, 193, 228
Uplift Academy, 211
Uppsala Declaration, 92
Urbanization, 60–61, 69
USAID. See United States: Agency for International Development
US Institute of Peace, 14
US Steel, 71
Uttarakhand, 9
Vaden Brook, Tom, 120
Vale, 187
Valen, Henry, 90
Values, 10, 24, 69, 70, 73, 85, 93, 153
Van Agtmael, Antoine, 186
Vanhanen, Tatu, 252–253
Vatican II council, 197. See also Catholic Church
VCs, 180
Venezuela, 85, 143, 152, 154, 240–241
Venture capital, 180, 220
Vertical integration, 44–45
Vetocracy, 223, 237
Vetoes, 150–152, 223, 225, 237
Viacom, 212
Vietnam War, 48, 68, 108
Phoenix program in, 114
Violence, 23, 114, 115, 116, 122, 220, 226
drug-related, 125
Virgin Money, 161
Visa, 165
Volkswagen 2, 149
Voltaire, 112
Voting, 86, 104, 151. See also Elections
Wagstyl, Stefan, 133
Walker, Scott, 202
Wall Street, 49. See also Banks; Occupy Wall Street movement
Wall Street Journal, 6, 174, 212
Waltz, Julie, 145
Wars, 10, 16, 17, 28, 42, 48, 111, 115, 135, 243
asymmetric/irregular wars, 5, 108, 109–114, 124
generations of warfare, 116–118
rules of war, 121–128
See also Conflict; Cyber-crime/warfare; individual wars
Warsaw Pact, 139, 141, 142. See also Soviet Union: ex-Soviet bloc
Washington Consensus, 144
Washington Post, 28, 95, 162, 200
Watergate, 68
Wealth, 6–7, 8, 13, 15, 42, 46, 48, 49–50, 130, 167, 195, 197, 198, 207, 210, 236. See also Billionaires
Weapons, 44, 54, 110, 116, 118–121, 141, 144, 149
precision weapons, 111–112
See also Nuclear issues
Weber, Max, 38–42, 43, 47, 50, 52, 75, 76, 79, 103, 115, 116
Weiss, Gary, 190
Wells, Peter, 166
Welzel, Christian, 67
Westinghouse, 36
White Collar: The American Middle Classes (Mills), 47
White House, 76
White people, 67
Who Rules America? (Domhoff), 48
Wikileaks, 13, 100, 101, 130
Wilson, Scott, 119
Winfrey, Oprah, 8
Wohlforth, William, 136
Wolfe, Alan, 38
Women, 25, 33, 65, 66, 69, 70, 198
Wood, David, 214
Wood Ion, Heather, 211
Wooldridge, Adrian, 37
Woolworths, 169
Woods, Tiger, 7, 28, 207–208
World Bank, 8, 55, 56, 144, 180, 184, 206, 227, 244
World Chess Federation, 2
World Health Organization, 13, 145
World 3.0 (Ghemawat), 166
World Trade Organization, 156
World Values Survey (WVS), 67
Worldview, 65
World War I, 42, 114, 116
World War II, 45, 46, 83, 108, 114, 116–117, 136, 138, 158
postwar years, 253, 254
Yadlin, Amos (General), 121, 125
Yahoo, 212, 213
Yale, 139, 193
Yéle Haiti, 210
Yemen, 80, 110, 149
Young people, 14, 51, 57, 66–67, 69–70, 204