Fateful Lightning: A New History of the Civil War & Reconstruction

by Allen C. Guelzo

  Appalachian Mountains, 203

  Appomattox Court House, Virginia, 478–79, 480, 488, 524, 527, 532

  Appomattox River, 434, 435, 476

  Appomattox Station, Virginia, 478

  Arapaho (tribe), 388

  aristocracy, 233–34, 290, 372, 534

  Arkansas, 131, 146, 346, 368, 382, 455, 491, 492, 510

  Army of Northern Virginia (C.S.), 259, 291, 327, 329, 333, 334, 335, 340, 345, 346, 367, 371, 412, 415, 423–26, 428–29, 431, 434, 442, 468–69, 470, 475, 476, 479–80

  and desertion from, 469, 477

  and Stonewall Brigade, 238, 256, 544

  Army of the Cumberland (U.S.), 347, 348, 351, 353, 354, 365, 415, 421, 424, 440

  and 14th Corps, 440

  and 20th Corps, 440

  Army of the James (U.S.), 426

  Army of the Ohio (U.S.), 440

  and 4th Corps, 440

  and 23rd Corps, 440

  Army of the Potomac (U.S.), 156, 159, 164, 168, 185, 259, 263, 265, 266, 268, 271, 315, 327, 329, 330, 331, 334, 342, 343–44, 355, 402, 475, 476, 479

  and 2nd Corps, 331, 429, 430, 431, 432

  and 3rd Corps, 534

  and 5th Corps, 332, 343, 429, 476, 477, 514

  and 6th Corps, 429, 431, 432, 448

  and 9th Corps, 429

  and 11th Corps, 333, 343

  and 12th Corps, 332

  and 24th Corps, 477

  and 25th Corps, 477

  and Irish Brigade, 263

  and Philadelphia Brigade, 263

  Army of Tennessee (C.S.), 346, 348, 349, 351, 355, 356, 370, 425, 440, 441, 442, 443, 470

  Army of the Tennessee (U.S.), 398, 424, 445

  and 16th Corps, 440

  and 17th Corps, 440

  and Society of the (veterans’ organization), 532

  Army of Virginia (U.S.) 168, 170, 314, 342

  army organization

  brigade, 263

  corps, 263–64

  division, 263

  infantry, 249–56

  regiments, 262–63

  See also artillery; cavalry; Volunteers

  Arnold, Isaac Newton, 173

  Articles of Confederation, 6–7

  artillery, 249, 256–58, 441, 479

  and canister, 258

  1st New Jersey Artillery, 277, 534

  and “Napoleon” gun-howitzer, 257–58

  2nd Connecticut Heavy Artillery, 432–33

  and shrapnel, 257

  10th Massachusetts Artillery, 240

  and 3” Ordnance Rifle, 257

  Ashley, James, 499–500, 505

  Atlanta, Georgia, 153, 346, 399, 425, 426, 436, 439, 440–42, 445, 446, 531

  and Decatur, 443

  and Ezra Church, 443

  and Jonesboro, 443

  and Peachtree Creek, 443

  and siege of (1864), 442–44, 467

  Atlanta Constitution, 523

  Augusta, Georgia, 321, 346, 444

  Augusta Constitutionalist, 130

  Augusta Daily Chronicle and Sentinel, 121

  Austin, Moses and Stephen, 59

  Austria, 286, 317

  and Emperor Franz Josef I, 292

  Azores, 294, 309

  Bacot, Ada, 398

  Ball’s Bluff, battle of (1861), 434

  Baltimore, Maryland, 121, 144, 342, 386, 421

  Bancroft, George, 216

  banks, 16–17, 19, 22, 25, 54, 84, 99–100, 115, 129, 219, 362, 485, 519

  and Bank of the United States, 16, 17, 219, 221

  and National Banking Act (1863), 221

  Banks, Nathaniel P., 421–22, 425, 426

  and Red River campaign (1864), 421–22, 426

  “Barbara Frietchie” (poem), 528

  Barksdale, Ethelbert, 370, 503

  Barlow, Samuel, 159

  Barnes, Albert, 413

  Bartness, Jacob W., 265

  Barton, Clara, 404

  Bassett, Samuel, 322

  Bates, Edward, 122, 160, 452

  Baton Rouge, Louisiana, 393, 398, 401

  Battle, Cullen, 492

  battle, sounds of, 271–72

  Battle, Wesley Lewis, 334

  “Battle Cry of Freedom, The” (song), 529

  “Battle Hymn of the Republic, The” (poem), 529, 530

  Bayard, James, 228

  Beard, Charles amd Mary, 531, 534

  Beaufort, South Carolina, 302

  Beauregard, Pierre Gustave Toutant, 137, 140, 155

  and Shiloh, 205–7, 208

  Bee, William C., 311

  Beecher, Catharine, 390–91

  Beecher, Henry Ward, 403

  Beecher, Lyman, 74

  Bell, John, 121, 126

  Bellard, Alfred, 275

  Belvidere Baptist Church, 325

  Benet, Stephen Vincent, 529

  Benjamin, Judah P., 121, 361, 362

  Benning, Henry L., 281, 357–58

  Bentonville, North Carolina, battle of (1865), 480

  Berdan, Hiram, 251, 261, 275

  Bermuda Hundred, Virginia, 426

  Berrien, John, 46

  Bierce, Ambrose Gwinnett, 207–8, 528

  Bigelow, John, 95

  Billings, John D., 240, 266, 268–69

  Bismarck, Otto von, 290

  Bissell, William, 9

  Black Kettle, 387

  Blaine, James, 230

  Blair, Francis Preston Blair, Sr., 165

  Blair, Francis Preston, Jr., 462

  Blake, Henry, 276

  Blanchard, Jonathan, 523

  Bledsoe, Albert Taylor, 27

  blockade, 224–25, 278–82, 286, 288, 300–302, 310–13, 362, 369

  and closure of ports, 283

  See also international law

  Boker, George Henry, 379–80

  Bonaparte, Napoleon, 17, 18, 26, 46, 338

  “Bonnie Blue Flag, The” (song), 411

  Booth, John Wilkes, 482–83, 489

  Boston, Massachusetts, 182, 180, 383, 405, 414, 461

  and draft riot of 1863, 418–20

  Boston Journal, 419

  Boutwell, George S., 474

  Bowdoin College, 74, 139, 479

  Bowling Green, Kentucky, 153, 193

  Boyd, Belle, 395

  Boys in Blue (veterans’ organization), 523

  Boys’ and Girls’ Stories of the War (1863), 411

  Bragg, Braxton, 209, 267, 294, 345, 347–49, 351, 352, 355, 360, 361, 366, 367, 428, 440, 441

  Breckinridge, John C., 121, 126

  Brice’s Crossroads, battle of (1864), 442

  Bridges, Dillon, 246

  Brierfield Furnace, 318

  Bright, John, 289, 296

  Brinton, Dr. John, 201

  Brooklyn Navy Yard, 305

  Brooks, Noah, 334

  Brooks, Preston, 82, 175

  Brooks Brothers, 314

  Brown, John, 81, 116, 120, 123, 127, 129, 239, 390, 473

  and Harpers Ferry raid, 117–18, 119, 123

  and Pottawatomie massacre, 81, 116

  Brown, Joseph Emerson, 38, 127, 131, 364, 489, 505

  Brown, Joseph Newton, 233, 235

  Brown, William Wells, 180

  Brownell, Katy, 394

  Browning, Orville Hickman, 190, 214

  Brownlow, William Gannaway “Parson,” 9, 204, 497, 503

  Brownson, Orestes, 215, 405

  Bruton, George Asbury, 152, 207, 270, 272

  Bryant, John Emory, 502

  Buchanan, Franklin, 304

  Buchanan, James, 86, 90, 93, 97, 108, 113–16, 120–21, 123, 132, 133, 134, 136, 506

  Buckner, Simon Bolivar, 200

  Budd, William, 301

  Buell, Don Carlos, 159, 161, 194, 195, 204, 205, 209, 347, 349, 438

  Buffalo, New York, 377

  Bulloch, James, 293, 297–98, 309

  “Burial of Latané, The” (poem), 411

  Burns, Anthony, 74

  Burnside, Ambrose Everett, 159, 229, 328–30, 331, 426, 4
29

  and “Mud March” (1863), 330

  Bushnell, Horace, 413

  Butler, Andrew, 82

  Butler, Benjamin F., 176, 177, 179, 399, 425, 426

  Butler, Pierce, 138

  Butterfield, Daniel, 271

  Cabot, Stephen, 419–20

  Cadwalader, George, 223–24

  Calhoun, John Caldwell, 20–22, 50, 51, 52, 65, 66, 69, 70, 71, 82, 87, 359

  California, 41, 62, 67, 68, 71, 194, 386

  Calvinism, 98, 103, 213

  Cameron, Simon, 146, 314

  Camp Chase, Ohio, 241

  Camp Curtin, Pennsylvania, 241, 248, 458

  Camp Dennison, Ohio, 242

  Camp Harrison, Ohio, 242

  Camp Moore, Louisiana, 152, 243

  Camp Morton, Indiana, 241–42

  Campbell, James H., 231

  Canada, 285, 287, 296

  and Canadian Militia Act, 288

  Cape Fear River, 278

  capitalism, 12–14, 48, 323, 327, 451, 466, 486, 489, 508, 517, 518–19, 521, 523, 534

  and corporations, 17, 520–22, 534–35

  Carlisle, Pennsylvania, 342, 343

  Carney, William H., 381

  Carondelet (gunboat), 198

  Carpenter, Francis B., 465

  Carver, George Washington, 385

  Casey, Silas, 246

  Cashtown, Pennsylvania, 343

  Cass, Lewis, 66

  Castle Pinckney, 135

  Cater, Douglas, 232, 440–41, 443

  cavalry, 249, 258–61, 331, 343, 349–50, 352, 373, 384, 398, 440, 444, 443, 463, 477, 489

  5th Massachusetts Cavalry, 235

  1st Michigan Cavalry, 395

  2nd New York Cavalry

  3rd Texas Cavalry, 232

  13th Indiana Cavalry, 246

  Cecile (blockade-runner), 278–80, 311

  Chamberlain, Daniel H., 506, 513

  Chamberlain, Joshua Lawrence, 139, 344, 479–80

  Chambersburg, Pennsylvania, 324, 343, 448

  Chancellorsville, Virginia, 430

  and battle of (1863), 332–34, 339, 408, 528

  Chandler, Zachariah, 84, 451, 453

  Chapman, Conrad Wise, 529

  Chapman, John A., 246

  Charleston Mercury, 322

  Charleston, South Carolina, 120, 121, 124, 136, 137, 159, 281, 286, 300, 302, 308, 311, 380, 396, 439, 445, 480, 481, 487

  Chase, Katharine Jane, 449

  Chase, Salmon Portland, 77, 85, 113, 217, 218–22, 225–26, 284, 375, 449–50, 452, 473, 483, 505

  Chattanooga, Tennessee, 153, 346, 351–52, 353, 354, 436, 440, 441, 442, 467

  and battle of (1863), 355–56, 421

  Chavez, Manuel, 389

  Cheatham, Benjamin F., 349

  Cherbourg (France), 309, 463

  Cherokee Hill, Georgia, 374

  Cherokees (tribe), 387

  Chesapeake Bay, 154, 162, 163, 301, 302, 305

  Chesnut, James, 130

  Chesnut, Mary Boykin, 25, 32, 397, 399–400

  Chester, Thomas Morris, 531

  Cheyenne (tribe), 388

  Chicago, Illinois, 119, 122, 189, 213, 346, 462, 502, 517

  Chicago Tribune, 203, 505

  Chickahominy River, 164, 166, 432

  Chickamauga, battle of (1863), 352, 354, 428, 442

  Chickasaw Bayou, 212

  Chimborazo Hospital (Richmond), 268

  Christiana, Pennsylvania, 73

  Cincinnati (gunboat), 198

  Cincinnati, Ohio, 187, 228

  Cincinnati Enquirer, 206, 227

  Civil Rights Act (1875), 508

  Clarksville, Tennessee, 195

  Clay, Henry, 18–19, 22, 52, 56, 57, 61, 68, 69–70, 71, 73, 83, 85, 92, 99, 105, 107, 181, 188, 197, 214, 226, 231, 284, 534

  Clay, Hugh Lawson, 131

  Clayton, Powell, 510

  Cleburne, Patrick R., 233, 235, 349, 370

  Clem, Johnny, 237

  Clemens, Samuel L. See Twain, Mark

  Cleveland, Grover, 450

  Cleveland, Ohio, 462, 496

  Cobb, Howell, 370

  Cobb, Thomas Read Rootes, 32

  Cobb, Thomas Willis, 56

  Cobden, Richard, 289, 296

  Cockeysville, Maryland, 223

  Cold Harbor, Virginia, battle of (1864), 432–33, 435

  Coles, Cowper, 306

  Colfax, Louisiana, 508

  Colfax, Schuyler, 124, 375

  College of William & Mary, 409

  Colorado (territory), 389

  Colored Soldiers Leagues (veterans’ organization), 523

  Columbia, South Carolina, 130, 374, 470, 513

  Columbus, Ohio, 228

  Comanche (tribe), 388

  Coming Crisis of the World, or The Great Battle and the Golden Age, The (1861), 414

  Compton, Elizabeth, 394

  Concord, Massachusetts, 239

  Confederate Primer (1861), 411

  Confederate Speller (1861), 411

  confiscation, 452, 490

  and First Confiscation Act (1861), 176

  and Second Confiscation Act, 177

  Conkling, James Cook, 382

  Connecticut, 250

  conscription, 232, 364–65, 418, 458–60

  and bounty system, 458–459

  and commutation, 460

  Conservative Army and Navy Union (veterans’ organization), 523

  Constitution (C.S.), 358–59

  Constitution (U.S.), 7, 64, 65, 72, 90, 115, 128, 129, 130, 131, 175, 191, 223, 225, 227, 234, 300, 406, 455, 462, 471, 484, 508

  and 13th Amendment, 473, 484, 490, 498, 499, 516, 530

  and 14th Amendment, 493, 495–96, 497, 503, 508

  and 15th Amendment, 505, 507

  Cooke, Jay, 222, 508, 519

  Cooper, Peter, 189

  Cooper, Samuel, 469

  Corinth, Mississippi, 204, 205, 207, 208

  Cornwall, Connecticut, 241

  cotton, 24–25, 28, 34–53, 59, 294, 295, 296, 327, 362, 368, 422, 502, 517

  Couch, Darius, 331

  Cox, Jacob Dolson, 140, 146, 148, 156

  Cox, Samuel S., 228

  Crane, Stephen, 528

  Craven, Avery, 95

  Creeks (tribe), 387

  Crimean War, 149, 154, 196, 201, 250, 256, 263, 288, 303, 401

  and Alma, battle of the (1854), 252, 344

  and siege of Kars, 425

  and siege of Sevastopol, 147, 162, 201, 425

  Crittenden, John J., 133–34, 135, 193