Chomsky, Noam
Chontalpa
chonta palm
Christian ritual, wine in
CHRM2 gene
chrysanthemum
Ciliegiolo
Circe
Cistercians
Claviceps. See ergot
climate change, Neolithic revolution and
cloudberries
clover
Clovis culture
club moss
coca
Coda di Volpe
Coleman, Robin
Coleridge, Samuel Taylor
Columella
Conchopata
Confucianism
Conrad, Joseph: Heart of Darkness
containers
Abydos wine jars
Andean chicha vessels
Canaanite jars
Çatal Höyük jars
Cerro Baúl winemaking vats
Chinese
clay seals and stoppers
Egyptian beerbottles
at Egyptian brewing facilities
from Godin Tepe
Hajji Firuz Tepe jars
mash tuns
Mediterranean, in northern Europe
from Midas tumulus
at Monte Verde
Myrtos jars
northern European
opening/unsealing techniques
Persian
from Pithekoussai tombs
from Scorpion I tomb
sealing techniques
wine-related inscriptions on
wooden barrels
coriander
Coriandrum
corks
corn. See maize
corn beer. See chicha
cornelian cherry
Cornus officialis. See cornelian cherry
corozo palm
Côte d’Or
cotton
Cougnac cave
cowberries
coyol palm
cranberries
crane bones: at Çatal Höyük
Jiahu flutes
Pecos flutes
crane dances
cranes
on Göbekli Tepe pillar
Crataegus. See hawthorn
CREB protein
Crete
kykeon
Myrtos
Cryptomeria
Cucurbita (squash or gourds)
Cueva de los Murciélagos
cultural diffusion
along Silk Road
fermented-beverage technology across Eurasia
fermented-beverage technology within Africa
wine culture
Cunninghamia lanceolata
currant
custard apple
cyclic AMP responsive element binding protein
cylinder seals: beverage consumption on
Egyptian
impressions on Abydos wine-jar seals
Cymbopetalum penduliflorum
cypress
Cyprus
Cyrus the Great
Czech Republic: Pavlov
dance and dancers
in African rock paintings
alcohol-stimulated
crane dances
European depictions of
in Incan ceremony
Near Eastern depictions of
Däniken, Erich von
Danube
Daoism
D’Aquili, Eugene
Darfur, date beer in
Darius the Great
Darwin, Charles
date palm, dates
date beer
dates in Egyptian beverage residues
date wine
Datura stramonium
Da Yu
deadly nightshade
Denmark, Danish sites: bog artifacts and burials
drinking vessels from
depression
Descent of Man (Darwin)
Diamond, Jared
diastase
Díaz del Castillo, Bernal
dibromoindigo. See Tyrian purple
Dido
digestives
Dikili Tash
diktamon
Dillehay, Thomas
Dineley, Graham
Dineley, Merryn
Diodorus Siculus
Dionysos/Dionysus
Dionysus temple, Beidha
Discover magazine
distillation
Djibouti, palm wine in
DNA analysis techniques
Dock Street Brewery
Dogfish Head Craft Brewery
dogs
Dolní Věstonice
dom palm
dopamine
Draper, Paul
DRD2 gene
drinking. See fermented-beverage consumption
drinking culture: northern vs. southern Europe. See also wine culture
drinking methods: Celtic
straws and tubes
drinking vessels: Anatolian
Baden culture drinking sets
for cacao beverages
for chicha
Chinese
for communal drinking
Etruscan
Greek
Hochdorf tomb
horns
human skulls as
Mediterranean, in northern Europe
Mehrgarh goblets
Mesopotamian
from Pazyryk kurgan burials
Persian
Phoenician wine sets
from Scandinavian sites
Wari
Dr. Khen shelter paintings
Drosophila melanogaster
drugs. See mind-altering beverages; psychoactive plants and compounds; specic types
drums
artistic depictions of
as burial goods
drunken monkey hypothesis
Dudley, Robert
Dumuzi
Dunand, Maurice
Dunhuang
Mogao caves
dye, Tyrian purple
Eanna
early humans: arrival in Americas
drunken monkey hypothesis
earliest Mediterranean settlement
hominid diets
migration out of Africa
Palaeolithic hypothesis
ecstasy
Egtved burial
Egypt: beer in
boats and shipping
bread in
cereals in
Egyptian mythology
honey and mead in
modern bouza
Nabta Playa
Tutankhamun’s tomb
viticulture and winemaking in
Wadi Kubbaniya
wine trade between Egypt and Levant. See also Abydos
Egyptian avocado
Eight Immortals of the Wine Cup
Einan
einkorn wheat
Ek Chuah
El
Elaeis guineensis. See oil palm
el-Amarna
stela from
elderberry
elemi family
elephants
Eleusinian Mysteries
Eliot, T. S.
Elissa shipwreck
elites. See social status
El Sec shipwreck
emmer wheat: Central Asia
Egypt
Near East
northern Europe
Spain
β-endorphins
England
enkephalins
entoptic phenomena
ephedra
ephedrine
Epic of Kings (Shahnameh)
ergot
Ergul, Ali
Erlitou
eroticism, in Bacchic poetry
ethanol
ethanol poisoning
Ethiopia
beer
honey beverages
Etruria, Etruscans
Euboea
Eugeissona tristis
Euphoria longyan
Eurasian grape. See grape, Eurasian
Eurip
ides
Europe
Baden culture
binge drinking in
bog burials and artifacts
cereal agriculture in Britain
drinking vessels
fermented-beverage diffusion across
grapes and winemaking in
Indo-European migration into
Mediterranean drinking vessels in
Phoenicians in northern Europe
wine trade with Mediterranean. See also Mediterranean entries; specific regions and sites
European beverages
available ingredients
beer
ceremonial associations
evidence from Scotland
evidence from Spain
honey mead
imported grape wine
medieval and modern mixed beverages
mixed (Nordic grog)
psychoactive additions
Evans, Arthur
Exekias cup
extraterrestrial alcohols
extreme beverages. See mixed beverages
Feigl, Fritz
felt
Ferdousi
Fergana Valley
fermentation
occurrence in nature. See also saccharification; yeast inoculation methods; yeasts
fermented-beverage consumption: ancient Persia
areas lacking
Aztecs
beer in sub-Saharan Africa
binge drinking
in Canaanite art and texts
from communal vessels
cultural associations
drunken monkey hypothesis
Egyptian workers
genetics and physiology of
Greeks on foreign drinking habits
Incas
Mesopotamia
music and dance and
on Near Eastern cylinder seals
near-universality of
northern European
Mediterranean wine trade and
overconsumption
Palaeolithic hypothesis
in poetry
religious associations
straw or tube usage
toasts. See also alcoholism; altered consciousness; ceremonial beverages; intoxication; social status; specific beverage types
fermented-beverage technology: diffusion across Eurasia
diffusion within Africa
distillation
New World production techniques
refinement/specialization pattern
transfer between Near East and China. See also beer making; viticulture and winemaking; specific beverage types
Fianco
Ficus carica. See figs
figs: Egypt
Near East
pollination
sub-Saharan Africa
Filipendula vulgaris. See meadowsweet
finger millet
fir
fire
fire temples, Zoroastrian
firethorn
fishing, Sahel and Sahara peoples
Flaming Mountains
Flaming Stone Beer
flax
Flinders Petrie, W. M.
flower additives
flower burial
flutes
American sites
European sites
Jiahu
fly agaric
fonio
FOXP2 gene
Foxtail grape
foxtail millet
France: Font de Gaume cave paintings
Isturitz cave flutes
Laussel Venus
viticulture in
Vix tomb. See also Gaul
frankincense
Franklin, Benjamin
Front-Facing God
fruit: additions of, to stimulate fermentation
in Chinese beverages
in early hominid diets
fruits available in New World
fruits available in northern Europe
natural fermentation in
in Near Eastern beverages
sub-Saharan Africa
tartaric acid sources. See also fruit wines; specific fruits
fruit fly
fruit wines: Africa
banana wine
date wine
ease of production
northern Europe. See also grape wine; specific fruits
fuel, biofuels
fulachta fiadh
funerary rituals: Canaanite
China
Egyptian
Near East
sub-Saharan Africa
fungi: ergot
hallucinogenic mushrooms
puffball fungus
for saccharification
Funnel Beakers
funnels
GABA (γ-aminobutyric acid)
Gaia Estate Ritinitis
Gallagher, Larry
Gamkrelidze, Thomas
Gann, Thomas
Garnacha
Garstang, John
Gaul, Gauls
wine trade
Gaza
Geissenklösterle flutes
Geller, Jeremy
General History of the Things of New Spain (Sahagún)
genetics: alcohol consumption and
DNA analysis techniques
language capacity and
Genghis Khan
Genó.
Geography (Strabo)
Georgia. See also Transcaucasia
Gerhart, Mike
germander
Germany (including archaeological sites): Baden culture beakers
Geissenklösterle flutes
Hochdorf
Hohmichele and Glauberg
Lichterfelde
Tacitus on German drinking habits
viticulture
Gesher
Geshtinanna
gibbons
Gibraltar
Gilgal I
Gilgamesh epic
ginseng
Giryama people
Giza
Glauberg
glutamate
glycolysis. See also fermentation
goats
Göbekli Tepe
Gobi Desert
Godin Tepe
barley beer
geographic setting
wine and winemaking facilities
God L
gold artifacts: from European sites
Incan drinking vessels
Nestor’s cup
Uluburun shipwreck
golden eagle
Goldstein, David J.
Gonur Depe/Gonur South
Gordion: Midas tumulus
gorillas
Gossypium
Gotland sites
Gouais Blanc
gourds
Gourliea decorticans
grain. See cereals; malt; mashing techniques and facilities; specific grain types
Gram, Bille
grape, Eurasian (Vitis vinifera)
in Central Asia
domestication and earliest viticulture
in Egypt
in Europe
in Levant
in Mesopotamia. See also grape wine; viticulture and winemaking
grape hyacinth
grapes
American varieties
Central Asian Eurasian variety
for Chateau Jiahu re-creation
Chinese varieties
domestication of
from Egyptian and Levantine sites
on Exekias cup
grapevine in Egyptian mythology
in Jiahu grog
at Myrtos
at Persian sites
Saccharomyces cerevisiae on
as tartaric acid source
wild grapes in Levant. See also grape, Eurasian; viticulture and winemaking
grape wine: Anatolia
Canaanite and Phoenician
Caucasus
in Jiahu grog
Mesopotamia
in Midas tumulus grog
in northern Europe
in Persia
raisined wines
from Scorpion I tomb, Abydos
sociocultural associations
in Tutankhamun’s tomb. See also grapes; resinated beverages; viticulture and winemaking; Vitis vinifera; wine culture; wine trade
grasses, See also cereals; specific plants
Great Khorasan Road
Great Pyramids, Giza
Great Wall of China
Greco di Tufo
Greece, Greeks
Crete
Dionysos and Bacchic festivals
Greek containers from northern European sites
in Italy
sacred marriage ceremony (hieros gamos)
wine corks
Greek beverages: beer
grape wine
kykeon
Grewia flavescens
grog
Chateau Jiahu re-creation
Etruscan
Jiahu
Nordic
Phrygian. See also mixed beverages
groundsel
gruit
Grus. See cranes
Grus japonensis. See red-crowned crane
Grüss, Johannes
guanabana
Guasave Indians
Guasch, Maria Rosa
Guatemala
Guns, Germs and Steel (Diamond)
Gyps fulvus. See vultures
hackberry
Hajji Firuz Tepe
Hall, Gretchen
Hallan Çemi
hallucinogens, hallucinations
Australia
Eleusinian mysteries
New World
Siberia. See also altered consciousness; mind-altering beverages; psychoactive plants and compounds
Harbottle, Garman
Hastorf, Christine
Hathor
Hattori, Atsuko
Hattusha
Hauptmann, Harald
Havor
hawthorn
in Chateau Jiahu recreation
in Chinese grogs
Haya people
hazelnuts
health benefits of alcohol consumption
wine
Heart of Darkness (Conrad)
heather
Hebrides
Hejiacun Treasure
Helbon wine
hemp/marijuana
Central Asia
China
northern Europe
in Pazyryk kurgan burials
henbane
Henderson, John
herbs, herbal additives
Abydos wine
Chinese wines
Circe’s kykeon
European beverages
for mead
Sumerian beer
vermouth
herding, herding cultures
Herodotus
Hero Twins
he vessels
wines found in
Heyerdahl, Thor
Hierakonpolis
hieros gamos (sacred marriage ceremony)
High Road
Hinduism
Hiram I
History (Herodotus)
Hittite wine vessels
Hochdorf sites
Hodder, Ian
Hoffmann, Roald
hog plum
Hohmichele tomb
“The Hollow Men” (Eliot)
holly
hollyhock
Homer
hominid diets, alcohol consumption and
Honduras, chocolate vessels from
honey
in Americas
in braggot
in Chateau Jiahu re-creation
in Egypt
honey hunters in rock paintings
in Jiahu grog
Uncorking the Past Page 39