The Sun King

by Nancy Mitford

  MACAULAY, Lord, History of England, 1849–1861

  LOUGH, John, Introduction to Seventeenth-Century France, London, 1954

  CHATEAUBRIAND, François René de, Vie de Rancé, Paris, 1955

  LAVALEE, Théophile, Histoire de la Maison Royale de St Cyr, Paris, 1853

  MONGREDIEN, Georges, Mme de Montespan et l’affaire des poisons, Paris, 1953. Vie de Colbert, Paris, 1963. La vie quotidienne sous Louis XIV, Paris, 1948

  D’HAUSSONVILLE, G. P. Othenin de Cléron, La Duchesse de Bourgogne, Paris, 1898

  ST GERMAIN, Jacques, La Reynie, Paris, 1962

  LAVISSE, Ernest, Histoire de France, vols. VII and VIII, Paris, 1911

  BRÉMOND, Abbé, Apologie pour Fénelon, Paris, 1910

  BOISLISLE, Jean de, Portraits et Caractères dans Bulletin S. H. de France, Paris, 1896

  BRENTANO, Funck, L’Affaire des Poisons, Paris

  MARESCHAL, Georges, Mareschal de Bièvres, Paris, 1906

  LA FORCE, Duc de, Les Caumont de La Force, Paris, 1960

  CHURCHILL, Rt Hon. Sir Winston, Marlborough, his Life and Times, London, 1947

  KNOX, Mgr, Enthusiasm, Clarendon Press, 1950

  LENOTRE, G., Versailles au Temps des Rois, Paris, 1950. En France Jadis, Paris, 1938

  LOUIS XIV, Oeuvres de, 6 vols. Paris, 1806

  INDEX

  The links below refer to the page references of the printed edition of Reveille in Washington. While the numbers do not correspond to the page numbers or locations on an electronic reading device, they are retained as they can convey useful information regarding the position and amount of space devoted to an indexed entry. Because the size of a page varies in reflowable documents such as this e-book, it may be necessary to scroll down to find the referenced entry after following a link.

  Académie des Sciences, 21

  Académie Française, 20, 93

  Adéláide de France, Princess (1732–1800), daughter of Louis XV, 36, 68

  Aix-la-Chapelle, Peace of (1668), 15

  Albemarle, Arnold Joost van Keppel, 1st Earl of (d. 1718), 124, 125, 131, 165

  Albert, Prince Consort of Queen Victoria (1819–60), 123

  d’Allone, secretary to Portland, 124

  d’Alluye, Marquise: involved in poisons scandal, 58

  Alsace: surrender by France demanded by the Grand Alliance, 155

  Ambassadors’ Staircase, Versailles, 67, 68

  America, 16, 20, 25; gold and bullion from, 137, 164; North, 122; South, 122, 129, 136

  Amsterdam, United Provinces, 16, 20

  amusements at Versailles, 40, 92

  Andrea del Sarto (1486–1531), 39

  Andromaque (Racine) (1667), 109

  d’Angoulême, Marie-Françoise,

  Duchesse (1630–96), and poisons scandal, 56

  d’Anjou, Philippe see Philip V

  Anne (1665–1714), Queen of England, Scotland and Ireland from 1702, 143, 145

  Anne of Austria (1601–66), daughter of Philip III of Spain, m. Louis XIII of France (1615), 9, 14, 23, 32f, 73, 87, 148

  Antilles, the, 122

  d’Antin, Louis-Antoine de Gondrin de Pardaillon, Marquis, later Duc, 86, 90, 163

  appartement at Versailles, 40, 68, 145

  Aragon ancestors of Louis XIV, 13, 14

  Arcueil, Aqueduct of (Seine), 25

  d’Arnauld, Mère (Jacqueline Marie), Angélique (1591–1661), 98

  Arnaulds of Port Royal, 117

  Arran, Milord, 86

  Asia, 16

  Athalie (Racine: 1690), 114

  Atlantic coast frozen (1709), 153

  d’Aubigné, Agrippa (Mme de Maintenon’s grandfather), 80

  d’Aubigné, M. (Mme de Maintenon’s father), 80

  d’Aubigné, Mme de, 80

  d’Aubigné, Charles, Comte (1634–1703)

  (Mme de Maintenon’s brother), 80, 81, 93; his wife, 81, 93, 129; for his daughter, see Noailles, Françoise, Duchesse de

  d’Aubigné family, 80f.

  Augsburg, League of (1686), 98

  Augustine of Hippo, Saint (354–430): Dames of Saint-Cyr transformed into nuns of the community of, 116

  Augustus II (1670–1733), Elector of Saxony, King of Poland from 1697, 89

  Austria, 112, 136, 145, 164; Archduchess of, see Margaret Theresa, Empress

  d’Auvergne, Prince, 124

  Avignon (Vaucluse), 125

  d’Ayen, Comte, see Noailles, Adrien-Maurice, Duc de

  Bains, Appartement des, Versailles, 36; given to Mme de Montespan, 82

  Balbien, Nanon (Mme de Maintenon’s maid), 62, 148

  Balearic Islands, 122

  Barbary Wars, 20, 137

  Barclay, Sir George (fl. 1696), 126

  Barèges, Haute-Pyrénées, spa, 49, 103

  Bart, Jean (1650–1702), 89

  Bartet, Isaac (King’s secretary), 101

  Bassano, Jacopo (c. 1510–92), 39, 75

  bassette: game played at Versailles, 51

  Bastille, 58, 86, 97; Mme Guyon in, 121

  Baulot (or Baulieu), Jacques (1650–1720), quack, 102

  Bavaria, Elector of, see Maximilian II; Joseph Ferdinand, Prince of (1692–99), 122, 131, 136; coat of arms, 83

  Beaumont, Marquis de (a heavy gambler), 40

  Beauvilliers, Henriette-Louise Colbert, Duchesse de (1657–1733), 93ff, 118, 138, 166

  Beauvilliers, Paul, Comte de Saint-Aignan, Duc de (1648–1714), 38, 93ff, 118, 120, 136, 149, 152, 159; death of two sons from smallpox, 166; his death, 166

  Bedford, John Russell, 4th Duke of (1710–71), 130

  Belle-Isle, Charles-Louis-Auguste Fouquet, Duc et Maréchal de (1684–1761), 10

  Bérain, Jean (1639–1711), 90

  Bernard, Samuel (1651–1739), financier, 154

  Bernini, Giovanni Lorenzo (1598–1680): designs for Louvre not approved 13; bust of Louis XIV, 13f; and statue, 13f

  Berri, Charles de France, Duc de (1685–1714), 3rd son of the Grand Dauphin, 41, 83, 135, 160; Fénelon appointed his tutor, 115; suggested by Louis XIV as heir to a Spanish crown, 129, 138; his marriage, 146; and behaviour and character, 146–7, 149–50; grief at death of his father, 158; death, 166

  Berri, Marie-Louise d’Orléans (Mlle de Valois: 1695–1719), m. Charles Duc de Berri (1710), 146, 162, 167; and the Grand Dauphin’s death, 158; birth of dead daughter, 160; King’s dislike of, 162; birth and death of a son, 162–3, 166

  Berry, Province of, 116

  Berwick, James Fitzjames, Duke of (1670–1734), 116, 145

  Béthune, Marie Fouquet, Duchesse de (1650–1716), 10

  Béthune-Charost, Armand II, Duc de (1663–1747), 66

  billiards: Louis XIV’s preferred game, 40

  ‘black daughter’ of the King and Queen, 33

  black masses, 45, 48, 59, 61

  Black Prince, Edward, the (1330–76), 149

  Blainville, Marquis de (son of Colbert), 21

  Blenheim, Battle of (1704), 145, 150

  Blois, Mlle de: see d’Orléans, Françoise Marie, Duchesse

  Boileau (called Boileau-Despréaux), Nicolas (1636–1711), 107, 109f

  Bolingbroke, Viscountess Marie Claire Deschamps de Marcilly (1665–1750), Marquis de Villette: married Henry St John, Viscount Bolingbroke (1678–1751), 111

  Bolognese school of painting, 39

  Boneuil, M. de, and the Duke of Portland, 127–8

  Bontemps, Alexandre (1626–1701), Louis XIV’s head valet, and his family, 25, 78, 142–3

  Bordes, Père, 97

  Boose, Mme: involved in poisons scandal, 55f; death by burning, 57, 60

  Bossuet, Jacques Bénigne (1627–1704), Bishop of Meaux from 1681: 23, 34, 43f, 76, 94, 112, 132; tutor of the Grand Dauphine, 42, 84; praises Revocation of Edict of Nantes, 95; death, 102 and Saint-Cyr, 116, 118–20; portrait, 155; quotes, 63, 157

  Boucherat, Louis (1616–90), 55, 58

  Boufflers, Louis-François, Marquis, later Duc and Maréchal de (1644–1711), 123, 125

  Bouillon
, Emmanuel-Théodore de La Tour d’Auvergne, Duc d’AIbret (1645–1715), Cardinal de, 85f, 90

  Bouillon, Marie-Anne Mancini, Duchesse de (1646–1714), 56, 58

  Bouillon, Godefroid-Maurice de La Tour d’Auvergne, Duc de (1641–1721), 58, 85f

  Boulle (or Buhl), André-Charles (1642–1732), cabinet maker, 71

  Bourbon, spa, 46, 102, 111, 143, 150

  Bourbon, Louis III de Condé, Duc de (1668–1710), Monsieur le Duc, 64, 104; marries daughter of the King and Mme de Montespan, 87f; appearance and character, 88, 104; madness and death, 154, 159

  Bourbon, Louise-Françoise (Mlle de Nantes), Duchesse de (1673–1743), eldest daughter of the King and Mme de Montespan, Madame la Duchesse, 47, 91, 132, 158, 159, 163, 164, 168; marries Monsieur le Duc, 87–8; nursed through smallpox by the Grande Condé, 88, 104; love for François Louis, Prince de Conti, 88–9, 152, 154

  Bourbon family, 10; as parvenus, 31

  Bourdaloue, Père Louis (1632–1704), preaches at court, 76, 115

  Bourgogne, Louis de France, Duc de (1682–1712), eldest son of the Grand Dauphin, 41, 157, 163, 166, 169; birth, 73–4, 78; Fénelon appointed tutor to him and his brothers, 115, 120; marriage, 124, 133, 134–5; his brother Anjou’s love for him, 138; birth of a son, 145; in love with his wife, 147; character, 147, 148–50, 161; at the war, 150–2; his father’s death, 158–9; becomes Dauphin, 160; death from measles, 161–2

  Bourgogne, Marie-Adélaide of Savoy, Duchesse de (1685–1712), 14, 127, 138, 154, 158–9, 160, 161; character and appearance, 133–5; lessons at Saint-Cyr, 135–6; grief at Monsieur’s death, 141; birth of a son, 145; becomes a star at court, 146; way of behaving, 146–8; and the Marquis de Maulévrier, 147; change in her character, 148; Spannheim’s estimate of her character, 149–50; insists on disgrace of Vendôme, 152; stops balls at Versailles, 155; catches measles, 161–2, 169

  Boyne, Battle of the (1690), 97

  Brancas, Louise-Françoise de

  Clermont-Gallerande, Duchesse de, widow of Louis Antoine, Duc de Villars-Branca, 64

  Brandenburg, 96

  bread riots in Paris, 154

  Brémond, Abbé Henri (1865–1933), 118

  Bretagne, Louis, Duc de (1707–12), elder brother of Louis XV, 157, 160; catches measles and dies, 162

  Breteuil (magistrate), 56

  Breteuil, Louis-Nicolas Le Tonnelier, Baron de (1648–1728), 112

  Brinon, Marie de (d. 1701): and the Saint-Cyr school, 160–11 passim; writes words of ‘God Save the King’, 108f; removed by a lettre de cachet, 111, 120

  Brinvilliers, Antoine Gobelin, Marquis de, 54

  Brinvilliers, Marie-Madeleine d’Aubray, Marquise de (1639–76), poisoner, 53f

  Brouais, Comte de: defender of Lille (1667), 66

  Brown, John (d. 1883): Scottish servant of Queen Victoria, 23

  Brussels: flight of Comtesse de Soissons and Marquise d’Alluye to, 58

  Buckingham Palace, London: author’s presentation at, 36

  Bussy, Roger de Rabutin, Comte (1618–93), 57

  Cabinet Doré, Versailles, 36

  Calais, Pas-de-Calais, 30

  Cambrai (Nord): Fénelon made Archbishop of (1695), 119f

  Candida, Saint: Pope Innocent XI sends Mme de Maintenon relics of, 78; taken to Saint-Cyr, 108

  Caravaggio, Michelangelo Amerighi da (c. 1570–1609), 39

  Carmelite, Louise de La Vallière becomes a, 39

  Carracci, Annibale (1560–1609), 39

  Carracci Gallery, Palazzo Farnese, Rome, 22

  Cassini, Giovanni Domenico (1625–1712), astronomer, 21

  Cavendish, Lord, 124

  Cavoye, Louis d’Oger, Marquis de (c. 1639–1716), 110

  Caylus, Marthe Marguerite Le Valois de Villette de Murçay, Marquise de (1673–1729), cousin of Mme de Maintenon, 79

  Cessac, Comte de: involved in poisons scandal, 56, 58

  Chaillot, Convent of, 28, 31; Palais de, 28

  Chambord (Loir-et-Cher), 9

  Chambre Ardents (1679–82), 55f, 59f

  Chamillart, Michel I (1652–1721), contrôleur-général des Finances, 1699, ministre d’état, 1700, 95, 136

  Champagne, Duc de Vivonne made governor of, 30

  Champs-Elysées, Paris, 23

  Chantilly (Oise), 23, 86

  chapel at Versailles, 155

  Chapelin, abortionist, 60

  Charles II (1630–85), King of England, Scotland and Ireland from 1660, 16, 86, 97, 126

  Charles II (1661–1700), King of Spain from 1665, 113, 122, 128–9; death, 136; leaves everything to Anjou, 137; for his wives see (1) Marie-Louise d’Orléans; (2) Maria Anna of Neuburg

  Charles V (Abbé de Choisy), 149

  Charles V (1500–58), Holy Roman

  Emperor from 1519, King Charles I of Spain (1516–56), 14

  Charles VI (Abbé de Choisy), 149

  Charles VI (1685–1740), Archduke of Austria, Holy Roman Emperor from 1711, 122, 137, 145, 155, 164

  Charost, Duc de, see Béthune-Charost, Duc de

  Chartres (Eure-et-Loir), Bishop of: see Godet des Marais, Paul

  Chartres, Duc de, see d’Orléans, Philippe II, Duc

  Chartres, Duchesse de, see d’Orléans, Françoise-Marie de Bourbon, Duchesse

  Château d’Anet, 151

  Chateaubriand, François René, Vicomte de (1768–1848), quoted, 18, 132

  Châtelet, Gabrielle-Emilie Le

  Tonnelier de Breteuil, Marquise de (1706–49), 112

  Chevreuse, Charles-Honoré d’Albert, Duc de (1646–1712), 93, 118, 120; death, 166

  Chevreuse, Jeanne-Marie Colbert, Duchesse de (1652–1743), 38, 93, 118, 120

  childbirth, 101

  Choin, Marie Thérèse Joly de (c. 1670–c. 1732): marries the Grand Dauphin, 87, 157–8, 159–60

  Choisy, Abbé de, 149

  Churchill, Arabella (1648–1730), sister of Marlborough, 126

  Churchill, Sir Winston (Leonard Spencer: 1874–1965), 146, 151

  Citizen King, see Louis-Philippe

  Clagny, Château de, near Versailles, 9; Mme de Montespan’s house at, 30, 44f, 46, 50, 59, 62, 63; appropriated by the Duc du Maine, 132

  Clement XI, Giovanni Francesco Albani (1649–1721), Pope from 1700, 144

  Clément, surgeon, delivers the Dauphine, 72–4

  Clérambault, Mme de, 101

  Clermont-Chaste, François-Alphonse, Comte de (1661–1740), 56, 87

  Clermont-Chaste, Comtesse de, 87

  Colbert, Jean-Baptiste (1619–83), 11, 13, 18ff, 28, 63, 76, 89, 93, 136, 139, 145; descent and relations, 21; affected by the poisons scandal, 61

  Colbert de Croissy: see Croissy, Charles Colbert, Marquis de

  Condé (Nord), 155

  Condé, Louis II de Bourbon, Prince de (1621–86), Le Grand Condé, 16f, 70, 84, 104, 136, 155; one of his cooks, 25; crossing the Rhine (1672), 66; marries his granddaughter to François-Louis, Prince de Conti, 86; marriage of his grandson to daughter of the King and Mme de Montespan, 86; she captivates him, 88; death, 105

  Condé, Louis III, Prince de, see Bourbon, Louis III de Condé, Duc de

  Condé family, 84

  confessor of Louis XIV, see La Chaise, François de; Le Tellier, Père Michel

  Constantinople, 85

  Conti, Armand, Prince de (1629–66), 84

  Conti, François, Louis de Bourbon,

  Prince de (1664–1709), 140, 152; character, 84f; goes to fight the Turks, 85; succeeds brother, marries granddaughter of the Grand Condé, exiled from Versailles, 86, 104; restored to favour, 88f; in love with the Duchesse de Bourbon, 88; fails to secure crown of Poland, 89; death, 153–4, 159

  Conti, Louis-Armand de Bourbon, Prince de (1661–95), 84; goes to fight the Turks, 85; death, 86

  Conti, Louise-Marie Martinozzi, Princesse de (niece of Mazarin), 84

  Conti, Marie-Anne de Bourbon, Princesse de (1666–1739), daughter of Louis XIV and Mme de la Vallière, 14, 28, 84, 86, 88, 91, 132, 134, 135, 138, 157, 159, 163, 168; refused as
wife by William III of Orange, m. to Louis-Armand, Prince de Conti, 16; on the Dauphine, 83; rebuked by the King, 84, 85; contracts smallpox, widowed at 19, 86; nurses the Dauphin in smallpox, 158

  Conti, Marie-Thérèse de Bourbon-Condé, Princesse de (1666–1732), granddaughter of the Grand Condé, 87ff

  Coypel, Antoine (1661–1722), artist, 155

  Coysevox, Antoine (1640–1720), sculptor, 13

  Crenan, Mlle de, sent to the Bastille, 86

  Croissy, Charles Colbert, Marquis de (c. 1626–96), 21f, 71f, 76, 125

  Cromwell, Oliver (1599–1658), Lord Protector of the Commonwealth of England, Scotland and Ireland from 1653, 126

  Crozat, Antoine, Marquis du Châtel (1655–1738), financier, 151

  Cuthbert, Saint (c. 635–687), 21

  Dagobert, Good King (d. 639), 107

  Dangeau, Philippe de Courcillon, Marquis de (1638–1720), 40, 45f, 90

  Dangeau, Sophia Maria of Bavaria, Gräfin von Löwenstein, Marquise de (d. 1736), 95

  Danzig, 89

  Darbay, François (1634–97), architect, 23

  Daubray, Chief of Paris police, 53f

  Dauphin, Le Grand, see Louis (1661–1711)

  Dauphine, see Victoire of Bavaria

  Delobel brothers, embroiderers, 65

  Denain, French victory of (1712), 153, 165

  Denmark, 145

  Devil, the: live babies sacrificed to, 52, 57, 60, 61; personal appearance of, 58; Mme de Montespan seeks to avoid, 132; see also Satan

  Dévolution, la Guerre de (1667–8), 15

  Diane de Poitiers, Duchesse de Valentinois (1499–1566), 48

  Divertissement at Versailles (1664), 15f, 29; (1668), 27

  Domenichino (1581–1641), 39

  Dordogne river, 20

  Doré, Mlle, a mistress of Louis XIV, 75

  Douai (Nord), captured by Villars (1712), 165

  Dreux, Mme, and poisons scandal, 56f

  Dunkirk (Nord), 155, 165

  Dunlop, Ian, book on Versailles, 155

  Esctasy of St Paul (Poussin), 80

  d’Effiat, Marquis (1638–1719), favourite of Monsieur, 34, 130

  Egypt, 16

  Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate: see d’Orléans, Elisabeth Charlotte of the Palatinate, Duchesse

  Emperor(s), see Charles VI; Joseph I; Leopold I

  d’Enghien, Mlle, see Vendôme, Duchesse de

  England, 19, 34, 97f; Portland’s embassy to France, 123–31; Louis acknowledges James Francis Edward as King of, 143–4; and the War of the Spanish Succession, 145, 151, 155–6; peace preliminaries signed (1711), 164; gains, 165