Southern Storm: Sherman's March to the Sea

by Noah Andre Trudeau

  Barber, Lucius W., 158

  Barnard, George N., 358

  Barnett, Nathan C., 17, 221

  Barnum, Henry A., 495–96, 498, 499

  Barr, Robert, 495

  Basinger, Elizabeth, 499

  Bay Street, 490, 504

  Bear Creek Station, Ga., November 16 fight, 102

  Beauregard, Pierre Gustave Toutant, 6, 113, 268–69, 479–80; coordinates Sherman response, 103–4, 128–9, 143, 157, 231, 255–56, 301–2, 352–53, 359, 392–93, 419, 468–69; considers Savannah expendable, 375–76, 391–92, 454, 468–69, 485–86; Davis meeting, 10–11; described, 10; Hood relationship, 65–66, 143, 231; placed in overall command of region, 11, 353; post-Savannah strategy, 516; proclamation, 128; reacts to Hood plan, 11; reacts to Sherman torpedo removal policy, 448; Savannah visits, 468–69, 479–80, 485; seeks reinforcements, 480; Wheeler replacement considered, 256

  Beaverdam Creek, 349

  Beecher, Henry Ward, 220–21

  Bennefield, Willis, 21–2

  Berry, Carrie, 68, 86, 88

  Bethany, Ga., 297

  Beulah plantation, 184, 219

  Big Sandy Creek, 205, 209

  Billings, John D., 536

  Bircher, William, 393–94

  Birdsville, Ga., 309, 311

  Black Creek, 366–67

  Black, William, 289

  Blair Jr., Frank P., 69, 148, 163, 231, 251, 280–81, 481–82

  Bloodgood, Edward, 111 bloodhounds. See dogs

  Blue Springs, Ga., 144

  Booth, John, 435 Boston Post, 516

  Boyd’s Neck, 298

  Boynton, Henry Van Ness, 33

  Bradley, George S., 325

  Bragg, Braxton, 6, 188–89, 455; Augusta defense, 249–50, 268, 359; regional defense, 228–9

  bridges, destroyed/repaired, 93, 107, 144, 263, 277, 305, 312, 316, 342, 349, 350, 358; taken intact, 97. See also pontoons

  Brier Creek Bridge, 263, 342

  Broad River, 298, 445

  Brown, A. G., 507–8

  Brown, Captain, 356

  Brown, J. H., 431, 433

  Brown, Joseph E, 510; abandons Milledgeville, 150–51; addresses Georgia legislature, 17, 113, 528–29; claims is not incapacitated, 189; disputes Confederate policies, 4; rejects Sherman overtures, 37; seeks furnishings returned, 368; seeks reinforcements, 130

  Brunner, John F., 417n

  Bryan County Court House, 367, 374

  Buck, Wilson S., 379

  Buckhead Church, 287, 288, 319

  Buckhead Creek, 287, 309, 316, 320, 322, 327; December 3 incident, 327

  Buckhead, Ga., 144

  Buell, George P., 448–49, 478

  Buffalo Creek, 241, 244–45, 246, 248

  Bull Street, 504

  Bull, Rice C., 325

  bummers, 188, 233, 265–6, 531, 536. See also foragers

  Burge, Dolly Sumner Lunt, 15, 145–6

  Burge, Sarah (Sadai), 15

  Burton, Ga. (CRR No. 9 1/2), 293

  Bussey, Jack, 215

  Buttrill Family, 105–6, 115–17

  Byers, Samuel H. M., 525–26

  Byrne, Edmund, 347

  Byrne, Garrett S., 220, 222, 261

  Cameron, Ga., 332

  Camp Lawton, Ga., 18–90, 81, 95–96, 113, 130–31, 143–44, 158, 190, 276, 358; liberation mission, 262–64; Union soldier impressions, 325–26

  Camp Sumter, Ga., 18

  Canoochee River, 358–59, 366–67

  Carlin, William P., 162, 235, 531

  Carmen, Ezra A., 133, 486; Argyle Island operations, 467–68, 471–73, 478–79, 484–85, 488–89, 494, 502–3; Monteith Swamp fight, 377–80

  Carswell, John W., 19, 287

  Carswell, Reuben W., 178

  Carswell, Sarah Ann Devine, 19, 287

  Cartersville, Ga., 46, 59

  Castle, George E., 439

  casualties, Bear Creek Station, 102; December 7 action, 362; Fort McAllister, 439; Franklin, 300; Griswoldville, 214–5; Honey Hill, 299; Nashville, 463; Reynolds plantation, 291; Sandersville, 258n; Savannah Campaign, 542–43; Waynesboro, 343

  Catterson, Robert F., 210, 212

  Cedar Creek, 182

  Central of Georgia Railroad, 3, 14, 17–19, 130, 158, 171, 190, 204, 223, 224, 232–3, 250, 255, 259, 266, 293, 296, 302, 309, 313, 317, 331, 405, 407, 506, 533

  Charleston and Savannah Railroad, 392, 414

  Charleston, S.C., 9, 189, 225, 280, 359, 375, 391, 454, 485

  Chatfield, Harvey S., 495

  Chesnut, James, 12

  Chesnut, Mary, 12–13

  Cheves’ Rice Mill, 408, 423, 425, 427, 432, 434, 436–7, 438, 439–40, 447, 455, 502, 503

  Cheves, Langdon, 408 Chicago Tribune, 95, 516

  Church of the Immaculate Conception, 87

  Cincinnati Daily Commercial, 60, 95 City Exchange, 490, 492

  Clarke, John G., 391, 451

  Clay, Thomas Carolin, 480

  Clifton Ferry, 317

  Clinch, Duncan L., 395, 407

  Clinch, Nicholas B., 437–38

  Clinton, Ga., 21, 150, 151, 152, 156, 529; November 20 fight, 156–57

  Cobb, Howell, 113, 128–9, 231; addresses Augusta audience, 11n; Davis meeting, 3–4; Macon defense, 112, 194; plantation wrecked by Sherman, 186–7; seeks reinforcements, 84–5, 112

  Coe, Albert L., 384

  Cohen, Fanny, 20, 499

  Cohen, Octavus, 20

  Colerain plantation, 415

  Colt, Mrs. Mary, 160

  Columbia, S.C., 12

  Columbus, Ga., 36

  Combahee River, 516

  Compton, John, 431, 435

  Confederate Powder Magazine (Savannah), 497

  Confederate Powder Works (Augusta), 250, 545–56

  Connolly, James A., 126, 146–7, 274–75, 284, 291–92, 308–9, 319–20, 328–29, 335–36, 344, 348, 447, 482–83; Ebenezer Creek, 382; Waynesboro, 334–36, 344

  Conyers, Ga., 109–10, 118, 126

  Cook and Brother Armory, 195

  Cook, Ferdinand W.C., 195, 200, 202, 203, 210, 454

  Cook, William C., 338

  Cooper, John, 235

  Corse, John M., 156, 174, 282, 366, 374

  Costley’s Mill, Ga., 109

  Covington, Ga., 14, 127, 134

  Cowart’s Bridge, 303

  Crew, Charles C., 165

  Cuyler plantation, December 9 fight, 384

  Cuyler, Richard R., 386, 407, 417

  Dahlgren, John A., 411–12, 432, 442, 443, 490, 493, 498, 500–501; Sherman relationship, 446–47, 455–56, 482

  D’Alvigny, Peter Paul, 87

  Dandelion (tugboat), 410, 423–4, 427, 430, 432, 438, 442, 455, 459

  Darien Road, 385

  Davies, Y. R., 435

  Davis, Jefferson (Confederate president), 156, 466, 473; advises Georgians, 128–29, 188–89, 229; Augusta visit, 10–11; Beauregard appointment, 10–11; Bragg temporary appointment, 188–89, 249, 268; Cobb meeting, 3–4; Columbia visit, 11–2; Confederate Congress address, 13; defensive scheme failure, 540–2; effigy hung, 156; Hardee meetings, 8, 9–10; Hood meeting, 5–8, Macon visit, 3–5; Montgomery visit, 8–9; opinions of Beauregard, 10; Palmetto visit, 5–8; reacts to Hood’s plans, 6, 7, 65; reassigns Hardee, 8; relaxes militia laws, 249–50; reviews Army of Tennessee, 7–8; Taylor meeting, 9

  Davis, Jefferson C. (Union general), 142, 186, 285, 292, 303, 383; defends actions, 519–20; racial incidents, 163, 327, 380–3; racial prejudice, 327, 381

  Davis, Mrs. William D., 160

  Davisboro, Ga. (CRR No. 12), 251, 270, 280, 283

  Dayton, Lewis F., 373, 439, 502

  Decatur Road, 75, 89

  Decatur, Ga., 82, 96–97

  DeGress, Francis, 417n

  Denham’s Tanyard and Leather Factory, 160, 169

  Dennis Station, Ga., 176, 184

  Dillon’s Bridge, 374, 389 dogs, 20, 98, 107

  Downey, William A., 284

  Downs, George “Wait,” 3
39

  Drake, Milly, 352

  Dublin, Ga., 232, 247

  Duncan, William, 306, 442; mission to contact fleet, 390–91, 401–2, 410–12

  Dunlap’s Hill. See Macon, Ga.

  Dunwoody, H. H. C., 58

  Early, Jubal, 293

  East Point, Ga., November 15 fight, 79

  Eatonton Factory, 152, 161

  Eatonton, Ga., 18, 20, 21, 171, 381

  Ebenezer Church, 370

  Ebenezer Creek, 363, 370; December 8 fight, 361–62; December 9 incident, 380–83

  Eden, Ga. (Bryan County Court House), 367

  Eden, Ga. (CRR No. 2), 323, 359, 367, 372

  Elkins, Mrs., 365

  Engle, Charles, 498

  Este, George P., 275

  Estes, Llewellyn G., 263–4, 278, 443

  Evans, Beverly D., 201, wounded, 212

  Evans, William, 215

  Ewing, Charles, 127, 246, 471

  Ewing, Thomas, 24

  Fair, Azora (Zora) M., 15, 137

  Fallis, Leroy S., 276, 287, 288, 290, 292

  Farrar farm, 20, 171

  fascines, 478

  Felton, Rebeca, 16

  Fenn’s Bridge, 270, 274–75

  Ferguson, Samuel W., 243, 254, 409, 491

  Fernandina, U.S.S., 443

  Firefly (steamer), 496

  Fisher, George A., 423–24, 424, 425–26, 430, 432, 438, 442–43

  Fisher, William E., 465

  Flag, U.S.S., 410

  foragers, ammunition abuse, 103, 121, 162–3, 310–11; casualties, 91, 98, 114, 133–4, 146, 175, 235–6, 248, 303, 311, 543; civilian abuse, 126, 193, 277–8, 283, 297, 310; Confederate accounts, 85, 243–4, 294, 375; confiscation, 132; importance, 539; Liberty County, 449–51, 482; payment in Confederate script, 221; regular details, 101, 110–11, 234; Union accounts, 98, 101, 107–8, 110–11, 114, 124, 126, 133, 141, 145, 146, 160, 162, 171–72, 174–75, 176, 183, 219, 234, 247–48, 259, 271, 284, 297, 310–11, 312–13, 318–19, 332, 349, 355–56, 364, 373, 392–94, 470, 477, 500. See also bummers

  Force, Manning F., 79, 107, 331

  Forrest, Nathan Bedford, 38, 461, 462

  Forsyth Park, 19

  Forsyth, Ga., 115, 125

  Fort Argyle, 374

  Fort Jackson, 496, 499–500, 513

  Fort McAllister, 376–77, 390, 397, 402, 408, 445, 455, 471, 502; December 13 assault, 421–39; torpedo removal, 448

  Foster, John G., Sherman relationship, 444–47, 476, 480–81, 486–87

  Franklin, Benjamin, 57

  Franklin, Tenn., November 30 battle, 300–301

  Frobel, B.W., 451

  Fultz, William S., 93

  Galt, Laura Talbot, 537

  galvanized Confederates/Rebels, 19, 250

  Garrett family, 126

  Gaylesville, Ala., 41

  Geary, John W., 125, 133, 140, 144, 154, 159–60, 169, 270, 412, 420, 490, 494, 496, 498; accepts Savannah surrender, 496–97; Savannah occupation, 501, 509–10

  Genesis Point, 376, 418, 424

  Georgia State Legislature, 81, 95, 129–30

  Georgia Military Institute, 151, 217

  Georgia Railroad, 14–16, 133, 144, 232–33, 533

  Georgia State troops, Home Guard/Local Defense (Athens and Augusta Battalions, 195, 473), (Ashley Dragoons, 241), (Hazzard’s Scouts, 353), (Foreign Battalion, 452–53, 469, 473), (Penal Battalion, 130, 151, 219); Militia (7th Regiment, 214–15), (29th Battalion Cavalry, 449); Reserves (1st Regiment, 493); State Line (1st and 2nd Regiments, 197, 201, 208, 209, 210)

  Georgia troops, artillery (14th Light, 197); infantry (3rd Regiment, 528), (55th Regiment, 473)

  Georgia, C.S.S., 480, 496

  Gilberg, Jacob A., 288

  Gildersleeve, Henry A., 394–5

  Gilmer, J. F., 533

  Goodman, Wiley, 115

  Gordon, Ga. (CRR No. 17), 155, 156, 161, 165, 171, 173, 174, 178, 179, 190, 191, 196, 201

  Grant, Ulysses S., 23, 34; considers Sherman proposals, 40–46; Nashville battle management, 461–63, 475; Sherman relationship, 40, 475, 544; strategic thinking, 457, 459–61

  Gray, Reverend, 127

  Greaves, Henry, 203

  Grecian, Joseph, 367

  Green, Anna Maria, 17, 161, 243

  Green, Charles, 505

  Green, Thomas F., 17

  Greensboro, Ga., 160

  Griffin, Ga., 83, 84, 87, 104, 112–13, 115

  Griswold, Samuel, 158, 202

  Griswoldville, Ga. (CRR No. 18), described, 158–9; destruction, 159; November 22 battle, 193–215

  Groce, John H., 429

  Gumm Creek, 237, 245

  Guyton, Ga. (CRR No. 3), 358, 365

  Halleck, Henry W., 41, 44, 46, 269, 298, 460–61, 518

  Hamilton, William D., 338

  Hamrick, W. F., 389

  Hanleiter, Cornelius R., 488

  Hardee, William J., 6, 128, 165, 247, 273, 279, 353; command decisions, 178–79; Davis meetings, 6, 9–10; fails to burn Savannah cotton, 506; Macon defense, 142–43, 151, 168, 174, 178–79; opinion of Hood, 6–7; Savannah defense, 143, 231–32, 250–51, 253–54, 255, 302, 323, 368, 371, 375–77, 391–92, 409, 414, 419, 451, 454, 468–69, 473–75, 485–86, 487; Savannah evacuation, 492; seeks Sherman protection for family, 517

  Hardman, Lyman, 435

  Harpath River, 300

  Harris, Joel Chandler, 21, 170, 171–72

  Harris, Judge, 136

  Harrison, Thomas H., 94

  Hartridge, Alfred L., 192, 216–17, 227, 229–30, 241

  Harvest Moon, U.S.S., 446, 447, 455, 482, 486, 493, 498, 500–501

  Harvey’s Creek, 424

  Hatch, John P., 444

  Haughawut, Wilbur F., 380

  Hawley, William, 184, 406–7, 448–49, 453

  Hayes, Edward M., 263–64

  Hazen, William B., 58, 193, 223–24, 373–74, 463; Fort McAllister operation, 418–9, 421–43

  Hazzard, Richard C., 437

  Hebron, Ga., 244

  Heidt, Reverend, 373

  Hell Gate, 430

  Henly, D. H., 215

  Henry, Joseph, 57

  Hickenlooper, Andrew, 463

  High, Emma, 15, 141, 154

  Hill, Benjamin H., proclamation, 128

  Hill, Joshua, 145

  Hillsboro, Ga., 16–17, 139, 148, 149, 151, 155, 156, 174

  Hilton Head, S.C., 269, 481, 482, 490

  Hinesville, Ga., 465, 477

  Hinkley, Julian, 468

  Hitchcock, Henry M., 58, 63–64, 87–88, 90–91, 99–100, 118, 127, 136–37, 142, 147–48, 162–63, 171, 173, 176–77, 186, 187–88, 218, 225, 236–37, 244, 247, 260, 275, 280–81, 293, 294–95, 305–6, 314, 320–21, 323, 326, 329–30, 351, 357–58, 365, 372–73, 374–75, 387, 407–8, 412, 416, 456, 487, 490, 504; campaign assessment, 527; considers Sherman’s point of view, 63–4, 78, 153, 237, 246, 273–74; December 10 incident, 398–99; Millen, 350–51; misses observing Fort McAllister attack, 423, 447, 455; Sandersville, 257–58, 259, 261; Sherman and African-Americans, 518; torpedoes, 387–89

  Hoke, Robert F., 480

  Holt family, 310

  Honey Hill, S.C., November 30 battle, 298–300, 302, 444

  Hood, Arthur, 449

  Hood, John B., 94, 460; advises Wheeler, 104, 129; argues with Sherman, 35–6; Beauregard relationship, 10–11, 63, 65–66, 143, 231, 256; Davis meeting, 5–8; described, 5; Franklin battle, 300; Nashville battle, 461–63; opinion of Hardee, 6; plan to combat Sherman, 7; post-Atlanta campaign, 41–45, 66, 300–301

  Horner, J. H., 435

  Horse Creek, 333

  hounds. See dogs

  Houtz, John W., 249

  Howard, Charles H., 229, 248

  Howard, Frances Thomas, 20, 504, 506–7

  Howard, Oliver Otis, 48–49, 69, 101, 149, 175, 188, 212, 225, 233, 264, 282, 293, 306, 321–22, 352, 366, 374, 443, 463, 502, 520, 528; command decisions, 115, 121, 125, 132–33, 138–39, 155, 164, 174, 177, 181, 196, 2
29, 230–31, 232, 251, 252, 358, 408

  Hubert, Charles F., 270

  Huffine, L. C., 434

  Hughes, Samuel T., 119

  Humes, William Y. C., 340

  Hunt, Alexander, 496, 498

  Hunter, Morton C., 292, 335

  Hurricane plantation, 186–87

  Hutchings, Richard, 152

  Hutchinson Island, 420, 476, 485, 506

  Ida (steamer), December 10 capture, 394–95

  Ihly, Jennie, 19

  Illinois troops: artillery (1st Artillery, Battery H, 417n), (2nd Artillery, Battery I, 384); cavalry (10th Regiment, 390); infantry (10th Regiment, 324, 351), (12th Regiment, 253), (20th Regiment, 124, 163), (32nd Regiment, 138), (34th Regiment, 146, 248, 285), (40th Regiment, 202), (48th Regiment, 429, 434, 439), (50th Regiment, 174, 193, 253, 267, 270, 296, 332, 488, 512, 514), (55th Regiment, 114, 264, 332, 432, 470), (63rd Regiment, 123, 124, 324, 396, 514), (64th Regiment, 83, 156, 441, 482), (66th Regiment, 312, 385), (83rd Regiment, 367), (85th Regiment, 470), (86th Regiment, 176, 248, 302–3, 395), (90th Regiment, 429, 437), (93rd Regiment, 101, 107, 123, 192, 488), (101st Regiment, 245, 325), (102nd Regiment, 140, 145, 176, 242, 272), (103rd Regiment, 198, 202–3, 208, 209, 212, 213, 304, 332, 352), (104th Regiment, 235, 303, 453), (105th Regiment, 91, 272), (111th Regiment, 426, 430, 436, 437, 439), (116th Regiment, 252, 429, 430, 435, 436), (129th Regiment, 221, 311, 349, 394, 451); mounted infantry (7th Regiment, 386), (9th Regiment, 119, 257, 394–95), (16th Regiment, 257, 383), (92nd Regiment, 102, 150, 165–67, 277, 288–89, 335–39)

  Indian Springs, Ga., 107, 125, 131

  Indiana troops: cavalry (8th Regiment, 84, 94, 108, 276, 287, 288, 290, 292, 340–41, 417); engineers (58th Regiment, 56, 77, 120–21, 127, 135–36, 245, 246, 283–84, 327, 349, 363, 370–71, 448, 478, 502, 506); infantry (22nd Regiment, 470), (25th Regiment, 469), (48th Regiment, 101, 179, 304), (59th Regiment, 107, 179, 373); (66th Indiana, 267), (70th Regiment, 171), (74th Regiment, 320), (75th Regiment, 96, 134, 183, 236, 356, 470, 477–78), (83rd Regiment, 482), (85th Regiment, 141, 370), (87th Regiment, 363), (88th Regiment, 311), (97th Regiment, 179, 198, 202, 209), (100th Regiment, 80, 131, 202, 209, 212–14, 396, 531), (101st Regiment, 120, 371)

  Indianapolis Journal, 45

  Ingraham, David P., 335

  Iowa troops: infantry (2nd Regiment, 366), (4th Regiment, 365), (5th Regiment, 525), (6th Regiment, 202, 207, 495), (7th Regiment, 365, 483), (9th Regiment, 179, 374, 488), (10th Regiment, 124, 192), (11th Regiment, 93, 113–14, 179–80, 190, 267), (25th Regiment, 179, 469), (31st Regiment, 79)