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The Hunting And Gathering Survival Manual

Page 23

by Tim MacWelch


  salves, 207

  side effects, 210

  teas, 201–204

  tincture recipes, 208

  menus, planning, 174–177

  milkweed, 125

  mint, covering scents with, 058

  moose, 032

  morel mushrooms, 118

  mulberries, 124

  multifora rose, 121

  mushrooms, 114, 135

  to avoid, 115

  dos and don’ts, 116

  identifying, 114–118

  spore prints, 117

  muskrats

  flavor, 049

  trapping, 072

  mustards

  covering scents with, 058

  wild, 120

  muzzleloaders, 039, 040

  N

  names of plants, learning, 109

  needles, defensive adaptations, 130

  negative stereotypes of traps, 062

  nightshade berries (poison), 132

  noodling, 011, 014

  notching

  arrows, 046

  bows, 045

  nutrition of game, 100

  nuts

  acorns (oak nuts), 136

  buckeye nuts (poison), 132

  pine for tea, 031

  tree, 119

  O

  oak compresses, 212

  oak nuts (acorns), 119, 136, 138

  oats, wild, 123

  oils

  cooking, 171

  defensive adaptations of plants, 130

  infusing herbal, 205

  olives, autumn, 124

  omnivores, trapping bait for, 060

  onions, covering scents with, 058

  opossums

  flavor, 049

  nutrition of, 100

  scat, 543

  trapping, 074

  optics, rifles, 037

  ovens

  building stone, 160, 161

  cooking in Dutch, 163

  oxalates (poison), 134

  ox-eye daisy, 125

  oyster mushrooms, 118

  oyster plant, 125

  P

  packing

  first aid kits, 102

  survival kits, 102

  Paiute deadfalls, 080

  parks, gathering plants in city, 141

  pasta, 17

  patterns

  branch, 110

  leaves, 112

  paw paws, 124

  peg snares, 084

  peppermint tea, 204

  percussion, bipolar, 166

  perennial plants, 190. See also plants

  permanent smoke houses, 030

  persimmons, 124

  personal safety, 128

  pests, preparing pantry for, 173

  pine trees, 031

  covering scents with needles, 058

  pine needle teas, 204

  pits, building steam, 162

  planning

  gardens, 184

  menus, 174–177

  plantain, 120, 143, 209

  planting. See gardening

  plants

  allergies, 131

  berries, 121

  botany basics, 108

  cattails, 127

  chameleon, 129

  in cities, 140–142

  dandelions, 113

  defensive adaptations of, 130

  drying, 196

  Echinacea, 200

  edible roots, 126

  fruits, 124

  gardening. See gardening

  global varieties of, 143

  grains and seeds, 123

  herbs, 190

  high-calorie, 192

  learning names of, 109

  leaves, 110. See also leaves

  mushrooms, 114, 135

  pine trees, 031

  poison berries, 132

  trees, 122

  vegetables, 125

  weeds, 105

  wild greens, 120

  wild onions, 077

  yarrow, 182

  plugs (fishing lures), 004

  points, adding to arrows, 046

  poison

  berries, 132

  first aid, 132

  mushrooms, 115

  types of, 134

  pokeweed berries (poison), 132

  porcupine scat, 053

  poultice, 209

  pound-test fishing line, 003

  povidone iodine, 146

  pre-packaged survival kits, 005

  preparation of food, 174–181

  preserving

  brine, 027

  fish, 024

  prints, mushroom spore, 117

  processing

  drying foods, 196

  small game, 096–99

  pump-action rifles, 039

  purslane, 125, 143

  Q

  quarries, hunting, 032, 047

  queen bees, 218

  R

  rabbits, 032

  flavor, 049

  nutrition of, 100

  scat, 053

  shotguns, 051

  tracks, 052

  trapping, 073

  raccoons

  fishing like a, 019

  flavor, 049

  nutrition of, 100

  scat, 053

  tracks, 052

  trapping, 076

  ramps (wild leeks), 126

  raspberry, 121

  rats

  preparing pantry to keep out, 173

  scat, 53

  recipes. See also cooking

  balms, 206

  brining fish, 027

  canning meat, 181

  cicadas, 093

  compost tea, 186

  Echinacea tinctures, 200

  eggs, 087

  insects, 091

  jewelweed tea, 202

  krauts, 198

  making jerky, 178

  maple wine, 217

  pine nut/needle tea, 031

  poultice, 209

  salves, 207

  smoking fish, 024

  tinctures, 208, 211

  recurve bows, 041

  redbud trees, 122

  red foxes

  scat, 053

  tracks, 052

  rendering fats, 179

  rice, 123, 171

  rifles

  adjusting for wind, 038

  cleaning, 036

  ranges of, 035

  scopes, 037

  types of, 039

  rocks

  building stone ovens, 160, 161

  types of, 167

  rods and reels, 001, 006. See also fishing

  rolling snares, 084

  roots

  dandelion, 113

  edible, 126

  gardening, 185

  ropes

  body-grip traps, 067

  tying knots, 168

  rotating pantry stock, 176

  rules, mushrooms, 116

  S

  salads, wild, 175

  salt, 171

  brining fish, 027

  and spice marinades, 027

  sap, pine for glue, 031

  sassafras trees, 122

  saving seeds, 194

  saw palmetto, 125

  scales (fish), cooking, 022

  scaling fish, 020. See also fishing

  scaly chanterelle mushrooms, 115

  scat, 053

  scents

  covering, 058

  de-scent with allium, 077

  hiding human, 057

  using pine to hide, 031

  scopes for rifles, 037

  scouting hunting grounds, 034

  sea grapes, 124

  seasons

  food availability through the, 169

  hunting, 032, 033

  trapping, 033, 056

  seeds, 123

  planting, 189. See also gardening

  saving, 194

  storing, 195

  self-bows, 041

  semiautomatic rifles, 039

  setting fishing traps, 008

  shaping bows, 045<
br />
  sharpening stone spears, 165–167

  sheds, building fish, 029

  sheep sorrel, 120

  shellfish, 016

  shells, cooking eggs in, 089

  shelter, 015, 104

  shooting. See also rifles

  ranges of rifles, 035

  small game, 048

  shoots, collecting for arrows, 046

  shotguns, 050, 051

  showy flamecap mushrooms, 115

  sickener mushrooms, 115

  sight adjustments, 036

  signaling, 104, 144

  single shot rifles, 039

  skinning carcasses, 098

  skunk scat, 053

  slugs, eating, 090

  small game. See also game

  dressing, 094

  hunting, 047

  nutrition of, 100

  processing, 096–99

  shooting, 048

  shotguns, 050

  tracks, 052

  smoking fish

  building smokers, 030

  chips for, 025

  cold/hot techniques, 024

  hanging, 025

  smooth sumac, 121

  snails, eating, 091

  snares, 055, 081–082

  bait-free, 084

  baits, 083

  soda bottle traps, 010

  Solomon’s seal, 126

  space blankets, 144

  sparks, lighting fires, 155

  spearmint, 143

  specific plant names, 109

  spicebush, 121

  spincast reels, 001

  spinners (fishing lures), 004

  spinning reels, 001

  spits, 158

  spoons (fishing lures), 004

  sporting rifles, 039

  spring beauty (edible roots), 126

  spruce trees, 122

  squirrels, 032

  flavor, 049

  nutrition of, 100

  pole-snare traps, 082

  shotguns, 051

  tracks, 052

  staples, storing, 171

  steam pits, building, 162

  stills, building water, 148

  stir-fry, weed, 175

  stocking up pantries, 170–173, 177

  stone ovens, 160, 161

  stone spears, 165

  storing

  seeds, 195

  vegetables, 199

  straightening arrows, 046

  strategies, hunting, 032

  stringing bows, 045

  stumping, 011

  styptics, yarrow, 182

  sugars, 171, 213–217

  sulphur shelf mushrooms, 118

  survival kits, 005, 102, 144

  survival pantries

  rotating pantry stock, 176

  stocking up, 170–173, 177

  survival to-do lists, prioritizing, 104

  surviving three days in the wild, 144

  T

  tapping maple trees, 213, 214

  teas, 171, 201–204

  brewing, 203

  compost, 186

  jewelweed, 202

  medicinal plants, 201

  pine nuts and needles, 031

  types of, 204

  vitamin, 175

  yarrow, 204

  teepees (setting up fires), building, 154

  termites, eating, 090

  thorns, defensive adaptations, 130

  tillers, bows, 045

  tinctures

  Echinacea, 200

  iodine, 146

  recipes, 208, 211

  side effects, 210

  treatments, 211

  tinder. See also cooking; fire

  dandelions, 113

  selecting, 151

  sources of, 152

  tools

  beekeeping, 219

  gardening, 191

  toothwort, 126

  tracks, small game, 052

  trails, leaving, 101

  trapping, 054–084

  bait, 060

  beavers, 075

  body-grip traps, 064, 065

  deadfalls, 078

  foothold traps, 061, 063

  hiding human scents, 057

  laws, 056

  live-catch traps, 068

  muskrats, 072

  negative stereotypes, 062

  opossums, 074

  rabbits, 073

  raccoons, 076

  seasons, 033

  selecting traps, 055

  snares, 081–082, 083–084

  tips, 059

  types of traps, 054

  traps

  adding weirs to, 009

  fishing, 008

  soda bottle, 010

  treadle snare, 084

  treatments, tinctures, 211

  trees, 122

  firewood, 150–153

  nuts, 119

  pine, 031

  sugars, 213–217

  that produce sugars, 216

  trolling reels, 001

  trout lilies, 126

  trucker’s hitch knot, 168

  turkeys, 032, 100

  tying knots, 168

  U

  utensils

  cooking, 158

  griddles, 159

  V

  vegetables, 125. See also gardening

  brining, 197

  krauts, 198

  storing, 199

  violets, 120

  Virginia creeper berries (poison), 132

  vitamin teas, 175

  W

  walnuts, 119

  water, 104

  disinfecting, 144, 146–149

  filters, 147

  fishing case study, 015

  gardening, 187

  medicinal teas, 201

  sources, 145

  watercress, 120, 143

  waterline pocket set, foothold traps, 063

  weapons

  archery. See archery

  rifles. See rifles

  shotguns, 050, 051

  weeds, 105. See also plants

  gardening, 193

  stir-fry, 175

  weirs, adding to traps, 009

  wheat, wild, 123

  white baneberry fruit (poison), 132

  wild carrot, 126, 143

  wild edibles, planning menus, 175

  wild ginger, 126

  wild grapes, 124

  wild leeks (ramps), 126

  wild lettuce, 120

  wild mustard, 120

  wild oat, 123

  wild onions, 077

  wild rice, 123

  wild wheat, 123

  wind

  adjusting rifle scopes for, 038

  brewing maple, 217

  location of fire, 155

  wine, stocking up, 177

  winter sprouts of cattails, 127

  wood, selecting for making bows, 045

  wood sorrel, 120

  woody plants, 108. See also plants

  worker bees, 218

  Y

  yarrow, 143, 182

  covering scents, 058

  teas, 204

  yew berries (poison), 132

  FROM THE AUTHOR

  This one is for my students! Your years of support and encouragement have been both humbling and empowering. It’s always a good time when we go out into the woods, hunt down wild edible plants, make medicines and wild brew, track animals, and chow down on a primitively cooked feast—but it’s more than just fun for me. You have let me live my dream, and for that, I gratefully offer this book as my way of saying thanks.

  I’d also like to thank my team at Outdoor Life: John Taranto, Andrew McKean, Alex Robinson, Gerry Bethge, and Martin Leung. It’s a privilege to work with you guys every week. And thank you to my friends at Weldon Owen Publishing. Bridget Fitzgerald, you have been a phenomenal editor, helping me to find the words that you knew I meant to say. And to the artists of the group, Barbara Genetin, William Mack, and Conor Buckley, your talent with photos and illustrations has made this book even better than I could have imagine
d.

  Thanks also to my family, for continuing to put up with me when I’m in “writer mode” (grouchy). And to you, the reader, I thank you most of all. I hope this book will give you that push out the door to practice these skills, and bring you a greater sense of meaning and appreciation for the wild things around you.

  ABOUT TIM MACWELCH

  Tim MacWelch is the author of the Prepare for Anything Survival Manual and has been an active practitioner of survival and outdoor skills for over 26 years. His love of the outdoors started at a young age, growing up on a farm in the rolling hills of Virginia. Eating wild berries, fishing, and learning about the animals of the forest were all part of country life. Tim became interested in survival skills and woodcraft as an offshoot of backpacking as a teen—while out in remote areas, it seemed like a smart plan to learn some skills. The majority of his training over the years has involved testing survival skills and devising new ones, but the biggest leaps forward came from his experience as a teacher.

  Tim’s teaching experiences over the years have been rich and diverse, from spending hundreds of hours volunteering to founding his own year-round survival school 18 years ago. He has worked with Boy Scouts, youth groups, summer camps, and adults in all walks of life, as well as providing outdoor skills training for numerous personnel in law enforcement, search and rescue organizations, all branches of the United States Armed Forces, the State Department, and the Department of Justice and some of its agencies. Tim and his wilderness school have been featured on Good Morning America and several National Geographic programs, and featured in many publications including Conde Nast Traveler, the Washington Post, and American Survival Guide.

  Since late 2010, Tim has written hundreds of pieces for Outdoor Life and many other publications. Tim’s current and past articles and galleries can be found at survival.outdoorlife.com and you can learn more about his survival school at www.advancedsurvivaltraining.com.

  ABOUT OUTDOOR LIFE

  Since it was founded in 1898, Outdoor Life magazine has provided survival tips, wilderness skills, gear reports, and other essential information for hands-on outdoor enthusiasts. Each issue delivers the best advice in sportsmanship as well as thrilling true-life tales, detailed gear reviews, insider hunting, shooting, and fishing hints, and much more to nearly 1 million readers. Its survival-themed Web site also covers disaster preparedness and the skills you need to thrive anywhere from the backcountry to the urban jungles.

  A NOTE TO READERS

  The information in this book is presented for an adult audience and for entertainment value only. While every piece of advice in this book has been fact-checked and, where possible, field-tested, much of this information is speculative and highly situation-dependent. The publisher and author assume no responsibility for any errors or omissions and make no warranty, express or implied, that the information included in this book is appropriate for every individual, situation, or purpose. Before attempting any activity outlined in these pages, make sure you are aware of your own limitations and have adequately researched all applicable risks. This book is not intended to replace professional advice from experts in survival, combat techniques, weapons handling, disaster preparedness, or any other field. Always follow all manufacturers’ instructions when using the equipment featured in this book. If your equipment’s manufacturer does not recommend use of the equipment in the fashion depicted in these pages, you should comply with the manufacturer’s recommendations. You assume the risk and responsibility for all of your actions, and the publisher and author will not be held responsible for any loss or damage of any sort—whether consequential, incidental, special, or otherwise—that may result from the information presented here.

 

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