Napoleon's Invasion of Russia
Page 47
The city of Potsdam shall be exempt from the passage of troops and garrisoning by the French and their allies.
A company from the Potsdam garrison may be detached as a guard for the palace of Charlottemburg and another for the guard of the King's palace in Berlin.
No officer or employee may, under any pretext, enter or take up residence in the aforementioned palaces, without the permission of the government, which shall be established by His Majesty, the King of Prussia.
Art 7. The lines of operations shall be in the countryside between the Elbe and the Oder, between the Oder and the Vistula, and between the Vistula and the Memel or the Niemen. There shall be on these lines of operations no other Prussian troops other than the bourgeois militia, the gendarmerie, and those men strictly necessary for the maintenance of order.
Art 8. The French commandants who shall be established on the lines of operations shall not involve themselves directly, or indirectly, in the civil government or administration. They shall have in their sphere of authority all that concerns itself with requisitions, the supplying of material to the troops, service of the military hospitals, the police and the maintenance of order, and security of the rear of the armies concerned.
Art 9. The French administration or commandants may make, in case of need, requisitions on the local authorities or Prussian Commissariats for food and transport.
Payment will be made, in such a case, in three months by the Senior Commissariat Officer of the army. The individual receipts shall be combined into a general receipt and the cost shall be paid by a reduction of the Prussian contributions or at the end of the campaign.
Art 10. Should it become necessary to draw artillery, powder, shot, cartridges and other munitions from the Prussian fortresses, His Majesty, the King of Prussia, makes the promise to make them available to the French and their allies, with reduction in contributions or payment at the end of the campaign, all the aforementioned that His Majesty does not judge necessary for the defense of those places by his army.
Art 11. The Prussian army shall call no draft or military concentration during that time when the French army occupies its territory or that of the enemy, if it is not to the advantage of the alliance and harmony of the two powers.
Art 12. Those individuals who commit misdemeanor offenses shall be judged by the military commissions of the generals of the offended army. The defendant shall have a council for his defense from his own nation.
Art 13. In the case of a victorious outcome of the war with Russia, if, despite the vows and hopes of the contracting parties, His Majesty, the Emperor, shall engage himself to procure for His Majesty, the King of Prussia, an indemnity in territory to compensate the sacrifices and burdens taken by His Majesty for his support during the war.
Art 14. With regard to the positions at Glogau, Kustrin and Stettin, presently occupied by French troops, the expense for the garrisons and their approvisionment for siege, etc., shall date from the signing of this convention, for that of Glogau, and on the day when His Majesty, the King of Prussia, shall fill the contractual arrangements of the convention by a contribution, signed simulta-neously with those present for Stettin and Kustrin, to the charge of His Majesty, the Emperor. A specific arrangement shall be made between the sovereigns on the duration of the occupation of these places by French troops. Art 15. The present convention shall remain secret and shall in no case be made public or communicated to a foreign government by one or the other of the two contractual parties.
This shall be ratified and the ratifications exchanged in Berlin in a space of ten days or sooner if it can be done.
Signed: Duke of Bassano Signed: Baron von Krusemark
Arrangements with Prussia Relative to the Execution of the
Convention of 8 September and 5 December, 1808, and
Concerning the Payment of the Contributions Due.
His Majesty, the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the
Confederation of the Rhine, Mediator of the Swiss Confederation, and His
Majesty, the King of Prussia, wish to regulate, by a new arrangement, the execution of the convention of 8 September and 5 December, 1808, by the nomination of their plenipotentiaries as follows:
His Majesty, the Emperor of France, King of Italy, etc., Hugues Bernard, Count of Maret, Duke of Bassano, his minister of Exterior Relations.
And His Majesty, the King of Prussia, Henrich von Beguelin, Counselor of State of His Majesty, and his empowered proxy, etc.:
Whom, after having communicated their respective full powers, have agreed upon the following articles:
Art 1. During the time that the French troops are on the territory of the King of Prussia and during all the duration of the war with Russia, if Prussia comes to have place, the payment in silver of contributions remaining due by His Majesty shall be suspended; the interests being charged to His Majesty.
Art 2. His Majesty, the Emperor of the French, accepts, to the reckoning of said contributions and in lieu of money, the commodities and munitions which His Majesty, the King of Prussia, engages to furnish, upon concurrence of quantities to be determined later.
Art 3. His Majesty, the King of Prussia, engages himself:
1.) To pay by quarters, from month to month, beginning on the upcoming 1 March, in the French magazines:
200,000 quintel of rye 24,000 quintel of rice and dried vegetables
2,000,000 bottles of brandy 2,000,000 bottles of beer
2.) To pay by eights, from month to month, to be paid on 1 March in the French magazines
400,000 quintel of wheat 650,000 quintel of hay 350,000 quintel of straw 6,000,000 bushels of oats
3.) To furnish by sixths, from month to month, at the beginning of 1 March:
44,000 cattle
Among this 44,000 cattle shall be 600 draft oxen, which shall be delivered to Danzig.
4.) To be furnished by quarters, month to month, at the beginning of 1 March, 15,000 horses:
6,000 for light cavalry
3,000 for heavy cavalry
6,000 for artillery or military equipage
5.) To be furnished by quarters, month by month:
600,000 pounds of powder 300,000 pounds of lead
6.) To be furnished for the transport of the army:
3,600 drawn wagons and provisions for the drivers, each carrying a weight of 1,500, composed in 120 brigades of 30 wagons each, and formed in three divisions formed at:
1st at Magdeburg on the Oder 2nd at the Oder on the Vistula 3rd at the Vistula on the Russian frontiers
7.) To establish hospitals for 20,000 sick and to furnish for said hospital, the buildings, furniture, linen, provisions, medications, medical attendants, and health officers, who shall serve concurrently with the French health officers. Art 4. These substances shall be paid in the locations which have been designated by the managing general of the army: part shall be delivered on the Oder and the Vistula, including Modlin, and the other part at locations in eastern and western Prussia.
Art 5. These horses shall be delivered to the depots that shall be designated by the managing general of the army.
Art 6. The powder and lead shall be delivered to Modlin, Thorn, and Danzig, in proportions to be determined by the artillery commander.
Art 7. The hospitals shall be established in the places which shall be designated by the managing general of the army.
Art 8. The transport shall be delivered to the places designated by the managing general of the army.
Art 9. The assessment, as well as the price of the commodities, travel expenses, journeys of the hospitals and 3,600 wagons, shall be made voluntarily by both sides between the managing general and the commissioner of His Majesty, the King of Prussia.
Art 10. The acknowledgment of commodities which shall be paid shall be delivered in the measure of payment; the deductions shall be made every three months by the managing general of the army. The individual receipts shall be consolidated into a general receipt and esta
blish the dates of payment. He shall make an accounting of the contributions and part of the interest which ceases to run.
Art 11. All the commodities and provisions which are found in Colberg and Graudenz which exceed the quantities for the provisionment of those places during one year: in Colberg for a garrison of 4,000 and in Graudenz for a garrison of 3,000 men, shall in eight days following the ratifications of this convention, be sent to the magazines of Kustrin, Stettin and Danzig, and received towards the totals required in Article 3.
Art 12. The surety acts furnished by the States of the Prussian Provinces for the security of payment of the contributions shall be sent to His Majesty, the King of Prussia, and exchanged against an obligation of the Prussian government, by whose raising shall be the same as said surety acts.
Art 13. As soon as the payments and delivery is made in execution of this convention and have been totally met, the general accounting of their quantity and value shall be stopped, as well as the definition in capital and interests of the contributions due by the King of Prussia as defined. There shall then be made new arrangements between the two contracting parties for the acquittal of the balance which results from said accountings, to the expense of one party or the other.
Art 14. This convention shall remain secret.
Art 15. This convention shall be ratified and the ratifications shall be ex-changed in Berlin in the space of ten days or sooner if it may be accomplished.
Made and signed in Paris on 24 February 1812 Signed: Hugues Bernard
Count of Maret
Duke of Bassano
French Minister of Exterior Relations
Signed: Henrich von Beguelin
Counselor of State of His Majesty The King of Prussia
Convention Between France and Denmark 7 March 1812 Paris
His Majesty, the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, Mediator of the Swiss Confederation:
And His Majesty, the King of Denmark and Norway, etc.,
Wish by the alliance in which they unite, to come to an agreement on the measures to be taken for the common good, have named for the plenipotentiaries:
His Majesty, the Emperor of France, King of Italy, etc., Hugues Bernard, Count of Maret, Duke of Bassano, his minister of Exterior Relations.
And His Majesty, the King of Denmark and Norway, etc., Ernst-Frederick von Walterstorff, etc.;
Who, having communicated their respective full powers, have agreed upon the following articles:
Art 1. His Majesty, the Emperor and His Majesty, the King of Denmark, confirm and renew in its totality, in the most express and absolute manner, the clauses of the treaty concluded at Fontainbleau on 31 October, 1807, and notably the mutual guarantees expressed in Article 4 of said treaty.
Art 2. His Majesty, the King of Denmark, engages himself to maintain in the duchies of Holstein, Schleswig and in Jutland a force of 9,000 infantry, 1,000 cavalry and 50 cannon. These troops shall form a division of two brigades, each composed of 5,000 men and 25 guns.
One of these brigades shall be formed between Altona and the sea, near the Elbe, and be able to cross to the left bank within 24 hours. The other brigade shall be formed where it is able to join the first in as short a time as possible.
Art 3. His Majesty, the Emperor, shall maintain a division of similar force in the departments of the Bouches-de-Elbe (Mouth of the Elbe), Mecklenburg, and the Swedish Pomerania.
Art 4. The Danish division may be called upon to advance to the Weser, the Jade and the Ems, just to Delfzyl, Groningue, and Harlingen, or to any other enemy enterprise.
It can equally be called, for the same purpose, to Mecklenburg or Swedish Pomerania up to the mouth of the Oder, the isles of this river included.
It may also, in case of attack or insurrection in Holland, be required to move to the right coast of the Zuyderzee.
The Danish troops may in no case be outside the indicated territories, except with the orders of their sovereign.
Art 5. The status of this division shall be forwarded each month to the commanding general of the 32nd Military Division. This status shall contain the names of the generals and senior officers, the strengths of the different arms, the batteries of artillery with their strength present under arms and their emplacement.
Art 6. The position of Gluckstadt shall be armed and provisioned. The military edifices and gun boats of His Majesty shall not be used except in the case of the need of protection from the enemy. There shall exercise in these areas no police or other military jurisdiction, and they shall observe the military regulations of that post.
Art 7. The division of troops from His Majesty the Emperor and King, or that part of this division, which the commanding general for His Majesty, the King of Denmark, in Holstein judges sufficient, shall move in the duchies of Holstein and Schleswig and into Jutland as soon as they should be required to oppose a descent, an insurrection or any other enemy enterprise.
Art 8. If Norway or the Islands of Seeland are attacked and if the King of Denmark judges to retire his troops from Holstein he shall inform the Emperor and the commander in chief of the army. In this case he shall permit the entry of a French division or such part of said division to guard the country.
Art 9. Troops may be reciprocally requisitioned, in the case and for the reasons designated in the preceding articles, by the commanding general of His Majesty, the Emperor, or by the commander of the Danish forces in Holstein. They shall return to their respective cantonments should the case for which they were called cease to exist or should the requisitioning party no longer require their assistance.
Art 10. As soon as such troops should enter the country of the requisitioning country they shall be provided for by the requesting nation, but shall remain in the pay of their sovereign.
Art 11. To re-affirm as strongly as possible the bond that unifies these two states, there shall be concluded a commercial treaty on the basis most favorable to the mutual prosperity of the two nations.
Art 12. This present convention shall be held secret. It shall be ratified and the ratifications shall be exchanged at Copenhagen after a delay of twenty days or less if possible.
Duke of Bassano Ernst-Frederick Walterstorff
Capitulation of 28 March 1812
Napoleon, by the grace of God and the constitution, Emperor of France, King of Italy, Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, Mediator of the Swiss Confederation, having seen and examined the capitulation concluded, stopped, and signed in Berne on 28 March 1812 by Our Chamberlain, the Count August de Talleyrand, Officier of the Legion d'Honneur, Our envoy extraordinaire and minister plenipotentiary in Switzerland in full powers which we have conferred to this end, the gentleman Rodolphe de Watteville, general of the Confederation, former Landamman of the Swiss and envoy of the Canton of Berne; Jean Conrad d'Escher, Burgomeister of the Canton of Zurich; Joachim Pancrace Reutti, member of the Petit Council of the Canton of Saint-Gall; Nicholas Herr, Landamman of the Canton of Glaris, and August Pidou, member of the Petit Council of the Canton of Vaude, equally granted full powers, of which capitulation, follows:
Napoleon, Emperor of the French, King of Italy, Protector of the Confederation of the Rhine, Mediator of the Swiss Confederation, and the Helvetic Diet of the 19 Swiss Cantons, desires to establish on the most convenient bases, a draft and the organization of Swiss troops which France shall enter into her service in virtue of the military capitulation concluded on 27 September 1803 have named plenipotentiaries to this effect, as follows:
For H.M. Emperor of the French, King of Italy:
Monsieur le Count de Talleyrand, officer of the Legion d'Honneur, envoy extraordinaire and minister plenipotentiary of H.M. in Switzerland.
And for the Diet of the Swiss Confederation:
Monsieur Rodolphe de Watteville, General of the Confederation, former Landamman of the Swiss and envoy of the Canton of Berne; Jean Conrad d'Escher, Burgomeister of the Canton of Zurich; Joachim Pancrace Reutt
i, member of the Petit Council of the Canton of Saint-Gall; Nicholas Herr, Landamman of the Canton of Glaris; August Pidou, member of the Petit Council of the Canton of Vaude.
Who, having exchanged their full powers, have agreed upon the following articles:
Art 1. H.M. the Emperor of the French, King of Italy, shall retain and maintain in his service four regiments of Swiss troops, forming in total 12,000 men, less general staff.
Art 2. Each regiment shall be composed with a general staff, three field battalions, a demi-battalion for a depot, and a single artillery company.
Art 3. Each field battalion shall have six companies of 140 men each, organized such that there be one grenadier, one voltigeur and four fusilier companies. Each depot battalion shall have three companies of fusiliers with the same number of men.
Art 4. The organization of these regiments, battalions and companies shall be the same as that of the French troops.
Art 5. Conforming to the preceding article, the general staff of each regiment shall be organized in the following manner.
1 Colonel 1 Major
3 Chefs de bataillon
4 Adjutants-major 1 Quartier-maitre 1 Paymaster
1 Adjudant-major, capitaine d'habillement
(captain of uniforms) 1 Chaplain 1 Minister 1 Judge 1 Chirurgien major
3 Chirurgien aides-major
4 Chirurgien sous-aides
8 Adjudant sous-officiers (adjudant noncommissioned officers) 1 Music master
7 Musicians
1 Provost
1 Master Tailor 1 Master Armorer 1 Master Cobbler 1 Master Gaitermaker 45 Total
Each company shall be organized as follows:
1 Capitaine 1 Lieutenant 1 Sous-lieutenant 1 Sergeant-major 4 Sergeants 1 Caporal-fourrier