Foucault_A Very Short Introduction
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Chapter 7
The title quote is from ‘Truth, Power, Self’, in L. H. Martin et al. (eds), Technologies of the Self: A Seminar with Michel Foucault (Amherst, MA: University of Massachusetts Press, 1988), 10.
On historians’ reactions to Foucault’s work on madness, see the references to Chapter 4 above.
Derrida criticizes Foucault’s treatment of Descartes on madness in ‘Cogito and the History of Madness’, Writing and Difference, tr. Alan Bass (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1978). Foucault responds in ‘My Body, This Paper, This Fire’, tr. G. P. Bennington, Oxford Literary Review, 4 (1979), 5–28.
For general background on the Enlightenment, see Peter Gay, The Enlightenment: The Rise of Modern Paganism, new edn. (New York: Norton, 1995). For Horkheimer and Adorno’s critique of the Enlightenment, see their Dialectic of Enlightenment, tr. John Cummings (New York: Continuum, 1976).
Regarding Foucault and Canguilhem on experience, see Gary Gutting, ‘Foucault’s Philosophy of Experience’, Boundary 2, 29 (2002), 69–86.
Chapter 8
For a good general discussion of Foucault on power and knowledge, see Joseph Rouse, ‘Power/Knowledge’, in Gary Gutting (ed.), The Cambridge Companion to Foucault, 2nd edn. (Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 2005).
For an excellent analysis and critique of Foucault as a theoretician (rather than an historian) of power, see Axel Honneth, The Critique of Power: Reflective Stages in Critical Social Theory (Boston: MIT Press, 1991).
Chapter 9
The title quote is from HS, 159.
On Foucault and gay issues, see David Halperin, Saint Foucault: Towards a Gay Hagiography (New York: Oxford University Press, 1995).
On governmentality, see the collection of essays by Foucault, François Ewald, Daniel Defert, and others in Graham Burchell et al. (eds), The Foucault Effect (Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1991).
On Herculine Barbin, see Michel Foucault (ed.), Herculine Barbin: Being the Recently Discovered Memoirs of a Nineteenth-century Hermaphrodite, tr. R. McDougall (New York: Pantheon, 1975).
An idea of the sort of material that would have gone into the subsequent volumes of the History of Sexuality can be garnered from some of Foucault’s Collège de France lectures. See, in particular, V. Marchetti and A. Salomoni (eds), Abnormal (1974–5), tr. Graham Burchell (New York: Picador, 2003) and M. Bertani and A. Fontana (eds), ‘Society Must Be Defended’ (1975–6), tr. David Macey (New York: Picador, 2003).
For some interesting work on the history of sexuality in a Foucaultian manner, see Arnold Davidson, The Emergence of Sexuality: Historical Epistemology and the Formation of Concepts (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2001).
Chapter 10
For Pierre Hadot on (especially ancient) philosophy, see his What Is Ancient Philosophy?, tr. Michael Chase (Cambridge, MA: Harvard University Press, 2002) and Philosophy as a Way of Life: Spiritual Exercises from Socrates to Foucault, ed. Arnold Davidson, tr. Michael Chase (Oxford: Blackwell, 1995).
For reactions of classicists to Foucault’s work on ancient sexuality, see David H. J. Larmour et al. (eds), Rethinking Sexuality:
Foucault and Classical Antiquity (Princeton: Princeton University Press, 1997).
For Foucault’s late lectures on ancient sexuality, see Joseph Pearson (ed.), Fearless Speech (New York: Semiotext(e), 2001), transcriptions in English of Foucault’s lectures at Berkeley in autumn 1983; and Fréderic Gros (ed.), The Hermeneutics of the Subject, tr. Graham Burchell (New York: Palgrave Macmillan, 2005), Foucault’s Collège de France lectures, 1981–2.
Index
A
Adorno, Theodor 76
aesthetic(s) 8, 9, 20, 29, 58, 78, 102, 105, 110
AIDS 2, 7, 99
Althusser, Louis 24
Annales school 35
a priori 36, 37, 60
historical 36
archaeology of knowledge 15, 32–42, 44–6, 50, 53, 59, 60, 62, 64, 65, 66, 67, 76, 87, 102, 104, 105, 108, 109
Artaud, Antonin 18, 75
Augustine, St. 107
author 10–15
death of the 14
B
Bachelard, Gaston 62, 63
Barbin, Herculine 94
Barthes, Roland 21, 61
Bataille, Georges 15–19, 62
Baudelaire, Charles 57–9
Beckett, Samuel 14–15
Bentham, Jeremy 82
Binswanger, Ludwig 24, 61
bio-power 95–6, 100
Blanchot, Maurice 4, 10, 17–19, 20, 62
Borges, Jorges Luis 41, 66
C
Calvino, Italo 19
Camus, Albert 23
Canguilhem, Georges 62, 78
Chomsky, Noam 36
Christianity 47, 51, 99–100, 101, 103, 105–7
Classical Age 37
madness in 39–40, 72–3
clinic see medicine
Collège de France 1, 14, 15, 32, 99, 108, 109
Communist Party, Foucault and 24–5; see also Marxism
concept, philosophy of 63, 98
confinement 39–40, 68, 72–3
connaissance (vs. savoir) 53, 59
consciousness 16, 18, 33–5, 98–9
Courbet, Gustave 58
Cuvier, Georges 37–9
D
Damiens, Robert 79
Darwin, Charles 33, 37, 39
death 6–8, 24, 30
of the author 14
Derrida, Jacques 72
Descartes, René 34, 41, 54, 55, 64, 72
discipline 80–2,
Dumézil, Georges 61, 62
Duncker, Patricia 4
E
Enlightenment 55–9, 76, 77
Epictetus 109
Eribon, Didier 29
error 49, 78, 89
ethics 30, 102, 106, 110
evolution 37, 39, 49, 50
examination 84–6
existentialism 24, 61
experience
Kant on 36
madness and 76–8
philosophy of 62, 66, 98
see also limit-experience
F
Foucault, Michel
life 1–9
works
The Archaeology of Knowledge 35, 39, 44–5, 76
Les avoux de la chair 99
The Birth of the Clinic 7–9, 21, 39, 61, 96
The Care of the Self 100, 102, 104, 109
Death and the Labyrinth: see Raymond Roussel
Discipline and Punish 25, 44–7, 50, 79–87, 92, 95–6, 105
“The Discourse on Language”: see L’ordre du discours
The History of Madness 25, 32, 39, 62, 68–78, 86–7
History of Sexuality 32, 44, 91–100, 102
History of Sexuality, volume 2: see The Use of Pleasure
History of Sexuality, volume 3: see The Care of the Self
“Introduction” (to Binswanger’s Traum und Existenz) 24
Madness and Civilization: see The History of Madness
Maladie mentale et personnalité 24
Maladie mentale et psychologie 24–5
“Nietzsche, Genealogy, History” 43–4, 47, 49, 52
The Order of Things 12, 14, 25, 36–9, 41, 46, 64–7
L’ordre du discours 14–15
“Polemics, Politics, and Problematizations” 25–8
Raymond Roussel 4–9
The Use of Pleasure 99, 103–4, 108
“What Is an Author?” 10–12, 14
“What Is Enlightenment?” 55–60, 77
Freud, Sigmund 16, 75, 94; see also psychoanalysis
G
genealogy 32, 43–53, 59, 60, 87, 92, 102, 104, 105, 108, 109
H
Hadot, Pierre 99, 108
Heidegger, Martin 13, 24, 61, 66–7
historian, Foucault as 32, 39–41; see also archaeology and genealogy
history, vs. archaeology 34–5
history of ideas 32–4, 39, 65
Hölderl
in, Friedrich 18, 75
homosexuality 2, 88, 91, 93, 94, 95, 103, 106
Horkheimer, Max 76
Hume, David 33, 55, 64
Husserl, Edmund 61, 65
Hyppolite, Jean 15, 43, 61
I
intolerable, the 31, 101
Iranian revolution 30–1
intellectual (universal vs. specific) 23–4
J
Janet, Pierre 4
Jouy 94–5
judgment, normalizing 84
K
Kant, Immanuel 36–7, 54–60, 64, 65–6, 76
Kirchheimer, Otto 25
Klossowski, Pierre 18
L
Lacan, Jacques 61
Lamarck, Jean-Baptiste 37, 39
language 6–8, 13–18, 32, 33, 36, 45, 62, 66
Leibniz, Gottfried von 41
Lévi-Strauss, Claude 61
limit-experience 2, 15–19, 27–9
literature 10–19
avant-garde 19, 62
modernist 36
M
Macaulay, Lord 35, 55
madness: see History of Madness
Mallarmé, Stéphane 12
marginal, marginalized 86–92, 95–6, 103–4
Marx, Karl 39
Marxism 20, 22–6, 35, 61, 87
Matthews, Harry 19
medicine 7–8, 26, 74, 95, 96, 109
modernity 57–8; see also Enlightenment
Merleau-Ponty, Maurice 2, 23, 27, 61, 65
Miller, James 4, 7
Mitterand, François 29
N
Nietzsche, Friedrich 11, 12, 17, 18, 43–4, 47–52, 60, 62, 75, 105–6
O
observation, hierarchical 82–4
Oppenheimer, J. Robert 23
Oulipo 19
P
Panopticon 82–4
Perec, Georges 19
phenomenology 24, 61–2, 64
philosophy 54–66, 105, 108–10
Foucault’s history of modern 64–6
Pinel, Philippe 68–71, 73–4
Plato 51, 55, 103, 108, 109
Plutarch 109
politics 20–31, 88–90, 95, 109
Porter, Roy 40
power 41, 82, 84, 87–8, 92, 101–5, 108–9
and knowledge 50–3, 86, 92–5
see also bio-power
prison 2, 6, 25, 44, 45, 47, 71, 79–83, 86–7, 89, 94
problematization 103–6, 108
versus politics 26–7
Proust, Marcel 12
psychoanalysis 33–4, 61, 74–5; see also Freud
punishment 79–81
Q
Queneau, Raymond 4, 19
R
Rawls, John 90
relativism 52–3
repression 92–3
Ricoeur, Paul 109
Rorty, Richard 27–9, 55
Roussel, Raymond 4–9, 18–19
Rusche, Georg 25
S
Sade, Marquis de 18
Salpêtrière 73
Sartre, Jean-Paul 1, 21–4, 26, 33, 61, 65, 67
Saussure, Ferdinand de 61
savoir: see connaissance
Scull, Andrew 39
Seneca 109
sexuality 15–16, 88, 91–108
social sciences 42, 64, 65, 67
Socrates 54, 109
Sollers, Philippe 21
structuralism 61–2
subject(s) 18, 33–4, 44, 62, 76, 92, 94, 96, 98, 100, 101–2, 104, 106
subjectification 101–2
subjectivity 6, 8, 17–18, 30, 98
T
transgression 15–19, 32, 78
truth
games of 100, 108
history of 108
Tuke, Samuel 70–1, 73–4
V
Veyne, Paul 99
W
Wittgenstein, Ludwig 15