Living by Vow
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use of the term, 277–78
E
eating, 8–9, 37, 50, 56. See also cooking; food, begging for; meal chants
ecology, 62
Edo period, 53
ego, 31–34, 48, 51–52, 223–24. See also individuality; self
competitive practice and, 19–20
four noble truths and, 16, 17
the Heart Sutra and, 136–37, 144–50, 153–56, 173, 186, 197, 202
heavenly realm and, 23
joyful mind and, 36
meal chants and, 119, 120, 129
repentance and, 57, 59, 62
the robe chant and, 81, 85
Three Treasures and, 67, 69–71, 77
unsurpassable mind and, 65
eightfold noble path, 17, 68–70, 137, 180, 278
Eihei Kōroku (Dōgen), 50, 278
Eihei Shingi (Dōgen), 87, 278
Eisai, 121, 269
Emperor Wu, 99–100, 267
equality, 92, 208
evil, 58, 118, 198, 242
F
faith, 68, 84
farmers, 84–85, 104, 105, 182. See also gardening
Feixiu, 212, 267
Feuerbach, Ludwig, 96
fingers. See hand metaphor
fire, 42–43, 83, 87–88, 234–35
five skandhas, viii, 69, 81
the Heart Sutra and, 133, 140, 148–50, 152, 155, 171, 173, 186–87
meal chants and, 126–27
repentance and, 56–57
Three Treasures and, 69
food, begging for, 84, 90, 112, 183
form, 80–83, 85, 220, 255. See also objects
the Heart Sutra and, 131–32, 148–53, 168–69, 232–33
Three Treasures and, 69
use of the term, 279
four gross elements, 234–35, 279
four noble truths, 15–18, 20–21, 26, 237– 38. See also truths
described, 279
the Heart Sutra and, 179, 180, 187
Three Treasures and, 68–70
G
Gangoku Kankei Daioshō, x
Ganshōji, 25, 48
gardening, 56, 105. See also farmers
“Genjōkōan” (Dōgen), 134, 155, 169, 184, 218–19, 231
Genzen Sanbō, 73, 280
Greek philosophers, 150
Guifeng Zongmi, 212, 267
Guishan Lingyou, 6, 42, 48–51, 104–5, 258n26, 267
H
Halloween, 110
hand metaphor, 33, 84, 92, 95, 149, 219–20
Hārītī, 111–12, 268
harmony, 67, 228
Hashimoto Ekō Roshi, x, xi
Heart Sutra, viii, xiii, 9, 131–205, 220, 240, 255
attainment and, 185–92
expounding of, context of, 138–41
five skandhas and, 56–57
hindrances and, 192–200
the robe chant and, 82–83
sensation and, 145–47, 148, 170–77, 226
heavenly beings, 21–23, 36, 135–36
hell realm, 21, 86, 135, 180
Heze Shenhui, 212, 268
Hīnayāna Buddhism, 181
Hinduism, 14, 121, 124–25
Hirakawa, Akira, 2, 259n33
Hōkyōki (Dōgen), 123–24, 258n29
Hongzhi Zhengjue, 50, 268
Hongzhou school, 213, 215–17, 281
hungry ghosts, 21, 86, 107, 135
Hungry Tigress, The (Martin), 7
I
Ibaraki, 110
Ichirō Okumura, 14, 268
impermanence, 81, 119, 122, 126–27
the Heart Sutra and, 136–37, 149, 153, 155, 168, 197
Three Treasures and, 66, 70–71, 76
use of term, 281
incompleteness, 7, 53–62
India, 9, 14, 21–22, 25, 54
the Buddha’s birth in, 63
sanghas in, 66–67
Indian Buddhism, 114, 236–37
individuality, 25, 50, 95, 222–24, 230. See also ego; self
Indra’s net, 65, 95, 281
intelligence, 159–60
interdependent origination, 81, 85, 95, 226–27
enlightenment and, 23–24
the Heart Sutra and, 133, 150, 152–53, 177–80
repentance and, 58
use of the term, 281
J
Jātaka tales, 2–4, 180–81, 281
ji, 220, 221, 233, 281
Jingzhong Wuxiang, 212, 268
joyful mind, 32, 35–38, 51–52, 282
jūji sanbō, 73, 282
jukai (precepts-receiving) ceremony, 55, 118, 282
just sitting. See shikantaza
justice, 62
K
kalpas, 252, 282
Kanjizai Bosatsu, 143
Kanzeon Bosatsu, 239
karma, 4, 15, 17, 66, 118
described, 282
the Heart Sutra and, 185, 198
repentance and, 53, 56–58
three minds and, 36–37, 38
twelve links of causation and, 23
kaṣāya, 81, 282
Kasībhāradvāja Sutta, 84–85
Katagiri Roshi, ix–xiii, 25–30, 47–50, 261n71, 266
Kegon Sutra, 212
Keizan Jōkin, 172
kesa, x, 8, 79–86, 283
Kishizawa Ian Roshi, x
kitō, 14–15, 283
Kkuddaka Niāya, 3–4
kleśas, 17
koans, 146, 239–41
Kōdō Sawaki Roshi, 86, 268
kokū, 122–23, 124
Komazawa University, xi, 133, 171, 191
Kōshōo Uchyiyama Roshi. See Uchyiyama Roshi
Kumamoto Prefercture, xi
kuyō, 115–16, 283
Kyōjukaimon, 82
Kyoto, 13, 110, 145, 182–83, 229
L
Lao Tzu, 236
Living by Zen (Suzuki), 29–31
Longtan Chongxin, 112–13, 269
lotus flower, 4, 121–25, 127
lotus posture, 14, 283
Lotus Sutra, 34, 93, 101–2, 116–17, 230, 250–54, 283–84
love, 17, 69
loving-kindness, 6
M
Magadha, 97, 284
magnanimous mind, 32, 40–41, 51–52, 284
magnet metaphor, 15
Mahāparinibbāna Sutta, 97–98
Mahāprajñpāramita Hṛdaya Sutra. See Heart Sutra
Mahāvairocana Sutra, 101
Mahāyāna Buddhism, 6–8, 15, 31, 89, 91, 99, 126–27
described, 284
the Heart Sutra and, 133, 136–37, 143, 148, 150, 154, 156–57, 170, 180–81, 189–90
history of, 2–3
rationalism and, 243
repentance and, 54
three kinds of nirvana in, 189–90
Maitreya Buddha, 3, 102, 194, 269
“Maka Hannya Haramitsu” (Dōgen), 134
Mañjushrī, 45, 102, 142, 194, 269
mantras, 132, 202–5, 244, 284
mārga, 17, 18, 284
Martin, Rafe, 7
Mazu Daoyi, 88, 91, 92, 213–17, 269
meal chants, 87–129
bowl-raising verse, 113–19
Dōgen on, 87–97
food offering verses, 103
formal, 97–129
ten Buddha names, 100–102
verse for setting out bowls, 98–100
verse of five contemplations, 103–109
verse of food for spirits, 109–13
verse of purity while abiding in the world, 121–29
verse of the rinse water, 119–21
verse upon hearing the meal signal, 97–98
medicine, 73–77, 108
meditation. See zazen
merit, 99–100
Middle Way, 70, 109, 154, 155, 156, 285
mind(s). See also bodhi-mind
“buddha,” 11, 90
joyful, 32, 35–38, 51–52, 282
magnanimous, 32, 40–41, 51–52, 284
One, 213–19, 286
parental, 32, 38–40, 51–52
pure, 127–28
three poisonous, 21, 106, 107, 127, 290
unsurpassable, 64–65, 291
mindfulness, 59, 69, 84, 137
moon metaphor, 50–51, 54
morality, 5, 118–19
Mount Gui, 43, 46
Mount Hiei, 145, 285
mu, 23, 189–90, 195–96, 236
mui, 36, 285
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā (Nāgārjuna), 150–51, 157, 159–60, 164, 200, 237–28
mushotoku, 197–98, 286
muso, 82–83, 195–96
myō, 23, 142, 230
Myōan Eisai (Eisai). See Eisai
MZMC (Minnesota Zen Meditation Center), ix–x, xiii, 25, 48, 141
ryaku-fusatsu ceremony at, 55
sutra book, 1–2, 62, 82–83, 252, 257n7, 259n42
N
Nāgārjuna, viii, 150–54, 178
described, 270
Mūlamadhyamakakārikā, 150–51, 157–60, 164, 200, 237–28
truths and, 219, 237–38
Nakagawa Roshi, 14, 14, 271
Nakamura, Hajime, 238
Nanyue Huairang, 213, 270
Narasaki Ikkō Roshi, xi
nihilism, 69, 136, 155
Niutou Farong, 212, 270
Niutou school, 212, 216, 286
noble truths. See four noble truths
no-self, 70. See also self
nuns, 13–15, 20
O
objectivity, 95, 155, 169
objects, 96, 106, 133, 171–77, 225–26, 231–32. See also subject/object relation
ocean/water metaphors, 7, 50, 57–58, 66, 74, 92–95, 158–59, 170, 229
Oka Sōtan Roshi, x
okesa. See kesa
Old Testament, 14
One Mind, 213–19, 286
ōryōki, 87–88, 97–99, 107, 109–13, 118, 120, 121, 287
Osaka, 110, 166, 182, 203
P
pāramitās, 3, 5–6, 9, 135, 287
parental mind, 32, 38–40, 51–52
Parinirvana Sutra, 112
patience, 5, 137, 138
“Peaceful Life” (Katagiri Roshi), 25–28
perception. See also consciousness
the Heart Sutra and, 148
use of the term, 287
three Treasures and, 69
Pingala, 159–62
Pioneer Valley Zendo, 56
Platform Sutra, 210
prajñā, 137–38, 148, 169, 177–78, 190, 197. See also prajña-paramita
Bodhidharma and, 9, 10
the Heart Sutra and, 9, 151
meal chants and, 119, 124
Sumedha and, 5–6
use of the term, 287
prajña-paramita, 102, 132, 135, 138–40, 147–48, 192, 197, 200–205
Prajñāpāramitā Sutras, 9, 99, 148–49, 170, 173
Prātimokṣa, 54
prayer, 14–15, 28, 68
precept(s), 60, 66, 82, 118, 127–28
described, 287
the Heart Sutra and, 137, 165
-receiving ceremony (jukai), 55, 118, 282
repentance and, 53–55, 57
threefold pure, 55
prostrations, 5, 128, 129
purity, verse of, 121–29
Q
Qingyuan Xingsi, 217, 209, 270
R
raindrops, 45, 46, 48–51
rationalism, 242, 243
relative truth, 151–54, 155–56, 237
repentance, 6–7, 32–35, 53–62, 84, 287
return, final place to, 75–77
ri, 219–21, 288
rice paddies, 84
right action. See eightfold path
right effort. See eightfold path
right livelihood. See eightfold path
right meditation. See eightfold path
right mindfulness. See eightfold path
right speech. See eightfold path
right thinking. See eightfold path
right view. See eightfold path
Rig Veda, 202, 288
Rinzai Zen, 30, 59, 121
robe chant, x, 8, 79–86, 283
Rujing, 176–77, 205
rūpa elements, 123–24, 140
S
Saddharmapuṇḍarīka Sutra, 230
samādhi, 96–97, 137, 163–64, 288
Samantabhadra, 102, 142, 170
Samantabhadra Sutra, 57–58
sameness, 89, 92, 93
San Francisco Zen Center, 47
“Sandōkai” (Shitou Xiqian), 9–10, 207–48
Sangha, 2, 5, 7, 28, 42–47, 54. See also Three Treasures
joyful mind and, 36
recharging our energy in the, 49
three minds and, 36–37, 40, 51–52
use of the term, 66–67, 288
Sarvāstivādin school, 173
Sawaki Kōdō Roshi, x–xi, 175, 183, 184, 191
self. See also ego; individuality
the Heart Sutra and, 155, 158–59, 173, 181
-ishness, 19–20
no-, 70
“study of,” 27, 28, 155, 218–19
wondrous Dharma and, 230–31
sensation
the Heart Sutra and, 145–47, 148, 170–77, 226
meal chants and, 106, 109
six sense organs and, 106, 133, 171–77, 225–26
sesshin, xi, xiii, 21–22, 182, 183
described, 288
meal chants and, 105, 107
Shakyamuni Buddha, 270. See also Buddha
Śāriputra, 131–32, 139–141, 149, 156, 164, 168, 254, 270
shikantaza, 20, 163, 184, 190–91, 199– 200, 222–24, 239, 247–48, 288. See also zazen
Shingon school, 15, 133, 202–3, 288
Shintō shrines, 110, 111
Shitou Xiqian, 9, 209, 269, 270
Shōbōgenzō (Dōgen Zenji), x, 8–11, 144– 45, 148. See also Genjōkōan” (Dōgen)
described, 289
Guishan and, 43
the Heart Sutra and, 134, 138, 142, 154, 155, 156, 184–85, 197–98
identity-action and, 228
meal chants and, 102, 117
the robe chant and, 80
Three Treasures and, 66, 67, 73–75
the Way of the ancient buddhas and, 66
wondrous Dharma and, 230–31
zazen and, 32
sickness, 4, 15, 74–75, 162. See also duḥkha
Sister Ceria, 13–14
six realms, 21, 27, 29, 107, 135, 186
six sense organs, 106, 133, 171–77, 225–26. See also sensation
skillful means, 6, 289
sōdō (monks’ hall), 7, 8–9, 289
Sōen Nakagawa Roshi. See Nakagawa Roshi
Soto Zen, xi, xiii, 1–2, 5–8, 10–11
described, 289
meal chants and, 87–97
repentance and, 53, 60
Three Treasures and, 63
source, returning to the, 235–41
stūpas, 2, 72, 289
subject/object relation, 91, 151, 225–31. See also objects
suchness, 90–96, 254–55, 289
suffering. See duḥkha
Sumedha, 3–9
Suprabhasa (king), 7
sutra(s). See also Heart Sutra
Āgama Sutra, 79, 150, 273
Avataṃsaka Sutra, 101–2, 127–28, 259n37, 274
books, 1–2, 62, 82–83, 252, 257n7, 259n42
Brahma Net Sutra, 101–2, 275
Dharma Flower Sutra, 102
Diamond Sutra, 83, 99, 189, 211, 277
Kasībhāradvāja Sutta, 84–85
Kegon Sutra, 212
Lotus Sutra, 34, 93, 101–2, 116–17, 230, 250–54, 283–84
Mahāparinibbāna Sutta, 97–98
Mahāvairocana Sutra, 101
Parinirvana Sutra, 112
Platform Sutra, 210
Prajñāpāramitā Sutras, 9, 99, 148–49, 170, 17
3
Saddharmapuṇḍarīka Sutra, 230
Samantabhadra Sutra, 57–58
Vimalakīrti Sutra, 89
Suttanipāta, 70, 84, 290
Suzuki, D. T., 29–31
Suzuki, Shunryu, ix–x, xiii
T
Tao, 236
Tathāgata, 30, 51–52, 97–98, 109, 256
described, 290
the robe chant and, 80, 85
Tendai school, 54
tenzo, 39, 37, 88, 110
“Tenzokyōkun” (Dōgen Zenji), 35, 87–88, 290
thought constructions, 157–58, 290
three poisonous minds, 21, 106, 107, 127, 290
Three Treasures, 7, 37, 55, 63–77, 82
described, 290–91
meal chants and, 113–14, 115, 117
repentance and, 60, 61–62
Tianhuang Daowu, 112–13, 271
Tiantong Rujing, 123, 271
Tientai school, 237
Tientai Zhiyi, 101–2, 237–38, 271
truth, 6, 7, 84, 90
absolute, 151–54, 219, 237
Buddha on, 24
conventional, 10, 152–53, 237
the Heart Sutra and, 151, 152–53, 164–65, 178, 186–87
Katagiri Roshi on, xiii
relative, 151–54, 155–56, 237
three, of Tientai Zhiyi, 237–38
Tsūgen Roshi, xi
twelve links of dependent origination. See interdependent origination
“Twenty-five years of Dharma Transmission in North America” (Katagiri Roshi), 47–48
U
Uchiyama Roshi, xi, 6–7, 31–35, 45, 71, 268
Braverman on, xiii
the Heart Sutra and, 162–64, 182–84, 191
illness suffered by, 162
ordination by, 182
unemployment benefits, 47
unsurpassable mind, 64–65, 291
V
Vairocana Buddha, 101, 271
Vajrayāna school, 14, 101, 121, 202, 291
Valley Zendo, 182, 183
Vedas, 202
“Verse for Opening the Sutra,” 31–32
Verse of the Kesa, 8
“Verse of the Wind Bell” (Tiantong Rujing), 123
Vimalakīrti Sutra, 89
Vinaya, 54, 66, 103, 291
Vipaśyin Buddha, 81, 271
virtue, field of, 79–86
Vishnu, 124–25, 292
Vulture Peak, 139, 292
W
warfare, 74–75, 166
water/ocean metaphors, 7, 50, 57–58, 66, 74, 92–95, 158–59, 170, 229
Wright, Daitsu Tom, 183
Y
Yangshan Huiji, 104, 272
Yogācāra school, 173, 292
Yunyan Tansheng, 144–46, 217, 239, 272
Yuquan Shenxiu, 209, 272
Z
zazen, xii–xiii, 29, 32–33, 44–45, 48–51
Catholic priests who practice, 14
continuous practice and, 11
as the dropping off of body and mind, 175, 218
Guishan and, 45–45
the Heart Sutra and, 138–48, 154, 161, 163, 181–82, 184, 189
illusion and, 174–75
individuality and, 223–24
letting go of thought during, 166, 167, 170, 174–75, 234
meal chants and, 88, 96, 97, 128