Field Notes from a Pandemic

by Ethan Lou

  Maxouris, Christina, and Joe Sutton. “These Astronauts Just Returned to Earth to Find a World Now Transformed by the Coronavirus.” CNN, April 17, 2020. https://www.cnn.com/2020/04/17/world/astronauts-return-earth-coronavirus-scn/index.html.

  McPhillips, Deidre. “Survey: Majority of Americans Don’t Trust Government with Their Health.” U.S. News, March 26, 2020. https://www.usnews.com/news/best-countries/articles/2020-03-26/survey-shows-potential-link-between-trust-in-government-coronavirus-response.

  Orihuela, Rodrigo. “Spanish Government Aims to Roll Out Basic Income ‘Soon.’ ” Bloomberg, April 5, 2020. https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2020-04-05/spanish-government-aims-to-roll-out-basic-income-soon.

  Patel, Raisa. “Canadian Travellers Should Return Home While They Still Can, Champagne Recommends.” Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, March 14, 2020. https://www.cbc.ca/news/politics/canadian-travellers-abroad-should-return-home-champagne-says-1.5498252.

  Paumgarten, Nick. “The Price of the Coronavirus Pandemic.” New Yorker. April 13, 2020. https://www.newyorker.com/magazine/2020/04/20/the-price-of-the-coronavirus-pandemic.

  “Public Health in Wartime. January 1940.” Canadian Public Health Journal 31, no. 1 (1940): 35–36. www.jstor.org/stable/41978002.

  Purdue, A. W. “The Transformative Impact of World War II.” European History Online, April 18, 2016. http://ieg-ego.eu/en/threads/alliances-and-wars/war-as-an-agent-of-transfer/a-w-purdue-the-transformative-impact-of-world-war-ii.

  Read, Leonard E. “I, Pencil: My Family Tree as Told to Leonard E. Read.” The Freeman (December 1958).

  Sherwood, Dave. “Chile to Push Ahead with Coronavirus ‘Release Certificates’ Despite WHO Warning.” Reuters, April 26, 2020. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-chile/chile-to-push-ahead-with-coronavirus-release-certificates-despite-who-warning-idUSKCN2280NW.

  Snowden, Frank. “Coronavirus Is Not Just a Tragedy. It’s an Opportunity to Build a Better World.” Interview by Roge Karma. Vox, April 10, 2020. https://www.vox.com/2020/4/10/21213287/coronavirus-covid-19-pandemic-epidemic-society-historian-nationalism-globalization.

  Specia, Megan. “Duterte, Philippine President, Boasts He Killed Someone as a Teenager.” New York Times, November 10, 2017. https://www.nytimes.com/2017/11/10/world/asia/philippines-president-duterte-killed.html.

  Spector, Mike. “Luxury Retailer Neiman Marcus Files for Bankruptcy Amid COVID- 19 Pandemic.” Reuters, May 7, 2020. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-neimanmarcus-bankruptcy/luxury-retailer-neiman-marcus-files-for-bankruptcy-amid-covid-19-pandemic-idUSKBN22J2AJ.

  Stone, Jon. “Spain Gets New Left- Wing Coalition Government After Socialist Leader Wins Vote.” The Independent, January 7, 2020. https://www.independent.co.uk/news/world/europe/spain-parliament-election-pedro-sanchez-left-wing-coalition-latest-a9273756.html.

  Thwaites, Thomas. The Toaster Project: Or a Heroic Attempt to Build a Simple Electric Appliance from Scratch. Hudson, New York: Princeton Architectural Press, 2011.

  Tooze, Adam. “The Normal Economy Is Never Coming Back.” Foreign Policy, April 9, 2020. https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/04/09/unemployment-coronavirus-pandemic-normal-economy-is-never-coming-back.

  ___________, “Shockwave.” London Review of Books 42, no. 8 (April 16, 2020). https://www.lrb.co.uk/the-paper/v42/n08/adam-tooze/shockwave?referrer=https%3A%2F%2Fwww.google.com%2F.

  Valpy, Michael, and Frank Graves. “Canadians Are Telling Their Government — Do Whatever It Takes to Make It Right.” Maclean’s, March 31, 2020. https://www.macleans.ca/opinion/canadians-are-telling-their-government-do-whatever-it-takes-to-make-it-right.

  York, Geoffrey. “Africa’s Biggest Economy Faces a Double Blow from Oil Crisis and Surging Pandemic.” Globe and Mail, May 14, 2020. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/business/article-africas-biggest-economy-faces-a-double-blow-from-oil-crisis-and.

  PART FOUR: DEATH OF A (GLOBAL) VILLAGE

  Adler, Katya. “Coronavirus: Can EU Get a Grip on Crisis?” British Broadcasting Corporation, March 27, 2020. https://www.bbc.com/news/world-europe-52058742.

  Al Jazeera. “World Reacts to Trump Withdrawing WHO Funding.” April 15, 2020. https://www.aljazeera.com/news/2020/04/world-reacts-trump-withdrawing-funding-200415061612025.html.

  Anderson, Bruce. “The New World Order Is Disorder.” National Observer, May 25, 2020. https://www.nationalobserver.com/2020/05/25/opinion/new-world-order-disorder.

  Anti- Defamation League (blog). “Coronavirus: Antisemitism.” April 22, 2020. https://www.adl.org/blog/coronavirus-antisemitism.

  ___________, “Coronavirus: Anti- Immigration, Xenophobia and Homophobia.” April 21, 2020. https://www.adl.org/blog/coronavirus-anti-immigration-xenophobia-and-homophobia.

  Apuzzo, Matt. “Pressured by China, E.U. Softens Report on Covid- 19 Disinformation.” New York Times, April 24, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/04/24/world/europe/disinformation-china-eu-coronavirus.html.

  Aurelius, Marcus. Meditations. Translated by George Long. Harvard University. Accessed May 10, 2020.

  Brandt, Jessica, Bret Schafer. “Five Things to Know About Beijing’s Disinformation Approach.” Alliance for Securing Democracy, March 30, 2020. https://securingdemocracy.gmfus.org/five-things-to-know-about-beijings-disinformation-approach.

  Buttigieg, Pete. “Pete Buttigieg: China Wants Four More Years of Trump.” Washington Post, May 1, 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/outlook/2020/05/01/trump-china-biden-election.

  Cavallaro, Federico, and Alberto Dianin. “Cross- Border Commuting in Central Europe: Features, Trends and Policies.” Transport Policy 78 (June 2019): 86–104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.tranpol.2019.04.008.

  Communications Security Establishment and Canadian Security Intelligence Service. “Joint CSE and CSIS Statement.” May 14, 2020. https://www.cse-cst.gc.ca/en/media/2020-05-14.

  de la Bruyere, Emily, and Nathan Picarsic. “Viral Moment: China’s Post- COVID Planning.” Horizon Advisory, March 15, 2020. https://www.horizonadvisory.org/news/coronavirus-series-report-launch-viral-moment-chinas-post-covid-planning.

  Deutsche Welle. “Coronavirus: German President Urges European Solidarity.” March 26, 2020. https://www.dw.com/en/coronavirus-german-president-urges-european-solidarity/a-52923741.

  ___________, “Germany Enters Recession Due to Coronavirus.” May 25, 2020. https://www.dw.com/en/germany-enters-recession-due-to-coronavirus/a-53556594.

  Duclos, Michel. “Is COVID- 19 a Geopolitical Game- Changer?” Institut Montaigne, March 24, 2020. https://www.institutmontaigne.org/en/blog/covid-19-geopolitical-game-changer.

  Emmott, Robin. “Russia Deploying Coronavirus Disinformation to Sow Panic in West, EU Document Says.” Reuters, March 18, 2020. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-disinformation/russia-deploying-coronavirus-disinformation-to-sow-panic-in-west-eu-document-says-idUSKBN21518F.

  European Commission. “Travel to and from the EU During the Pandemic.” Accessed June 11, 2020. https://ec.europa.eu/info/live-work-travel-eu/health/coronavirus-response/travel-and-transportation-during-coronavirus-pandemic/travel-and-eu-during-pandemic_en#travel-restrictions.

  Farrell, Henry, and Abraham Newman. “Will the Coronavirus End Globalization as We Know It?” Foreign Affairs, March 16, 2020. https://www.foreignaffairs.com/articles/2020-03-16/will-coronavirus-end-globalization-we-know-it.

  Faulconbridge, Guy. “George Soros says EU May Not Survive Coronavirus Crisis.” Reuters, May 22, 2020. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-eu-soros/george-soros-says-eu-may-not-survive-coronavirus-crisis-idUSKBN22Y168.

  Fife, Robert, and Michelle Zilio. “Freeland Questions U.S. Leadership, Says Canada Must Set Own Course.” Globe and Mail, June 6, 2017. https://www.theglobeandmail.com/news/politics/canada-must-re-invest-in-military-as-us-withdraws-from-world-freeland-says/article35212024.

  Froelich, Paula. “Bolivian Orchestra Stranded a
t ‘Haunted’ German Castle Surrounded by Wolves.” New York Post, May 23, 2020.” https://nypost.com/2020/05/23/bolivian-orchestra-stuck-at-german-castle-surrounded-by-wolves.

  Galston, William A. “Efficiency Isn’t the Only Economic Virtue.” Wall Street Journal, March 10, 2020. https://www.wsj.com/articles/efficiency-isnt-the-only-economic-virtue-11583873155.

  Gerrand, Vivian. “Resilience, Radicalisation and Democracy in the COVID- 19 Pandemic.” openDemocracy, April 2, 2020. https://www.opendemocracy.net/en/global-extremes/resilience-radicalisation-and-democracy-covid-19-pandemic.

  Giglio, Mike. “China’s Spies Are on the Offensive.” The Atlantic, August 26, 2019. https://www.theatlantic.com/politics/archive/2019/08/inside-us-china-espionage-war/595747.

  Gingerich, Jon. “Students Can’t Tell Difference Between Fake, Real News.” O’Dwyer’s, December 5, 2019. https://www.odwyerpr.com/story/public/13486/2019-12-05/students-cant-tell-difference-between-fake-real-news.html.

  Glavin, Terry. “The Coronavirus Pandemic Is the Breakthrough Xi Jinping Has Been Waiting For.” Maclean’s, April 3, 2020. https://www.macleans.ca/opinion/the-coronavirus-pandemic-is-the-breakthrough-xi-jinping-has-been-waiting-for-and-hes-making-his-move.

  Hernández- Morales, Aitor. “Germany Confirms That Trump Tried to Buy Firm Working on Coronavirus Vaccine.” Politico, March 15, 2020. https://www.politico.eu/article/germany-confirms-that-donald-trump-tried-to-buy-firm-working-on-coronavirus-vaccine.

  Human Rights Watch. “Covid- 19 Fueling Anti- Asian Racism and Xenophobia Worldwide.” May 12, 2020. https://www.hrw.org/news/2020/05/12/covid-19-fueling-anti-asian-racism-and-xenophobia-worldwide.

  Kao, Jeff, and Mia Shuang Li. “How China Built a Twitter Propaganda Machine Then Let It Loose on Coronavirus.” ProPublica, March 26, 2020. https://www.propublica.org/article/how-china-built-a-twitter-propaganda-machine-then-let-it-loose-on-coronavirus.

  Kauffmann, Sylvie. “Can Europe Stay Back from the Brink?” New York Times, May 22, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/22/opinion/europe-back-from-brink.html.

  Kim, Catherine. “Hong Kong Declares a State of Emergency in Response to Five Confirmed Coronavirus Cases.” Vox, January 25, 2020. https://www.vox.com/2020/1/25/21081400/coronavirus-cases-hong-kong-emergency.

  Kissinger, Henry A. “The Coronavirus Pandemic Will Forever Alter the World Order.” Wall Street Journal, April 3, 2020. https://www.wsj.com/articles/the-coronavirus-pandemic-will-forever-alter-the-world-order-11585953005.

  Kolga, Marcus, Kaveh Shahrooz, and Shuvaloy Majumdar. “How China Weaponized Its Supply Chain.” Maclean’s, April 7, 2020. https://www.macleans.ca/opinion/how-china-weaponized-its-supply-chain.

  Kuo, Lily. “ ‘American Coronavirus’: China Pushes Propaganda Casting Doubt on Virus Origin.” The Guardian, March 13, 2020. https://www.theguardian.com/world/2020/mar/12/conspiracy-theory-that-coronavirus-originated-in-us-gaining-traction-in-china.

  Kuper, Simon. “The Pandemic Will Forever Transform How We Live.” Financial Times, April 8, 2020. https://www.ft.com/content/06647198-77b9-11ea-9840-1b8019d9a987.

  Lytvynenko, Jane. “Chinese State Media Spread a False Image of a Hospital for Coronavirus Patients in Wuhan.” BuzzFeed News, January 27, 2020. https://www.buzzfeednews.com/article/janelytvynenko/china-state-media-false-coronavirus-hospital-image.

  Massari, Maurizio. “Italian Ambassador to the EU: Italy Needs Europe’s Help.” Politico, March 10, 2020. https://www.politico.eu/article/coronavirus-italy-needs-europe-help.

  Merkel, Angela. “This Is a Historic Task — And It Can Only Be Mastered If We Face It Together” (Speech). March 18, 2020. Federal Chancellery, Berlin, Germany. Video with transcript, 12:43, https://www.americanrhetoric.com/speeches/angelamerkelcoronavirusaddresstonation.htm.

  Morris, Loveday, Luisa Beck, and Rick Noack. “Merkel Says Coronavirus Presents Gravest Crisis Since WWII.” Washington Post, March 18, 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/germany-coronavirus-merkel/2020/03/18/9f34f2aa-6880-11ea-b199-3a9799c54512_story.html.

  Moss, Gail. “Cross- Border Commuting: So Near and Yet So Far.” IPE, January 2016. https://www.ipe.com/cross-border-commuting-so-near-and-yet-so-far/10011303.article.

  Perper, Rosie. “China Is Injecting Millions into WHO as the US Cuts Funds. Experts Say Beijing Is Trying to Boost Its Influence Over the Agency and Its ‘Deeply Compromised’ Chief.” Business Insider, April 24, 2020. https://www.businessinsider.com/china-who-multimillion-dollar-contribution-political-power-move-2020-4.

  Rana, Preetika, and Denise Roland. “Drugmakers Gain More Access to China, but at a Price.” Wall Street Journal, November 27, 2018. https://www.wsj.com/articles/china-opens-door-to-foreign-drugs-for-a-discount-1543320003.

  Rinke, Andreas, and Paul Carrel. “Germany Tries to Stop US from Luring Away Firm Seeking Coronavirus Vaccine.” Reuters, March 15, 2020. https://www.reuters.com/article/health-coronavirus-germany-usa/germany-tries-to-stop-us-from-luring-away-firm-seeking-coronavirus-vaccine-idUSL8N2B8075.

  Roland, Denise, and Jared S. Hopkins. “FDA Cites Shortage of One Drug, Exposing Supply- Line Worry.” Wall Street Journal, February 28, 2020. https://www.wsj.com/articles/coronavirus-slows-drug-production-in-china-the-worlds-pharmacy-11582900885.

  Satter, Raphael, Robin Emmott, and Jack Stubbs. “China Pressured EU to Drop COVID Disinformation Criticism: Sources.” Reuters, April 24. 2020. https://www.reuters.com/article/us-health-coronavirus-eu-china/china-pressured-eu-to-drop-covid-disinformation-criticism-sources-idUSKCN227030.

  Spengler, Oswald. The Decline of the West. Translated by Charles Francis Atkinson. New York, New York: Vintage, 2016.

  Sukhankin, Sergey. “COVID- 19 as a Tool of Information Confrontation: Russia’s Approach.” School of Public Policy, University of Calgary, April 2020. https://www.policyschool.ca/events/covid-19-as-a-tool-of-information-confrontation-russias-approach.

  Sutton, Candace. “Australia Was Drained of Masks for China.” Chronicle, March 26, 2020. https://www.thechronicle.com.au/news/australia-was-drained-of-masks-for-china/3981857.

  Stein, Jeff. “FBI’s Russia Probe Expands to Include ‘Pizza Gate’ Threats.” Newsweek, March 22, 2017. https://www.newsweek.com/pizzagate-trump-russia-clinton-podesta-comet-ping-pong-pedophiles-david-seaman-572578.

  Stevis- Gridneff, Matina, and Lara Jakes. “World Leaders Join to Pledge $8 Billion for Vaccine as U.S. Goes It Alone.” New York Times, May 4, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/04/world/europe/eu-coronavirus-vaccine.html.

  Swanson, Ana. “Coronavirus Spurs U.S. Efforts to End China’s Chokehold on Drugs.” New York Times, March 11, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/11/business/economy/coronavirus-china-trump-drugs.html.

  The Telegraph. “Lee Kuan Yew, Asian Statesman — Obituary.” March 23, 2015. https://www.telegraph.co.uk/news/obituaries/11437131/Lee-Kuan-Yew-Asian-statesman-obituary.html.

  Thiessen, Marc A. “China Is Using Covid- 19 to Throttle Hong Kong’s Pro- Democracy Movement.” Washington Post, May 21, 2020. https://www.washingtonpost.com/opinions/2020/05/21/china-is-using-covid-19-throttle-hong-kongs-pro-democracy-movement.

  Tsang, Amie. “E.U. Seeks Solidarity as Nations Restrict Medical Exports.” New York Times, March 7, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/07/business/eu-exports-medical-equipment.html.

  Vogel, Peter. “Nationalism: The Even Greater Risk of the COVID- 19 Crisis?” IMD, March 2020. https://www.imd.org/research-knowledge/articles/Nationalism-the-even-greater-risk-of-the-COVID-19-crisis.

  Walker, Shaun. “The Humiliation That Pushed Putin to Try and Recapture Russian Glory.” History, February 23, 2018. https://www.history.com/news/vladimir-putin-russia-power.

  Wardle, Claire. “Misinformation Has Created a New World Disorder.” Scientific American, September 1, 2019. https://www.scientificamerican.com/article/misinformation-has-created-a-new-world-disorder.

  Wells, Paul. “Can the For
ces of Globalization Ever Hope to Outlast the Coronavirus?” Maclean’s, April 6, 2020. https://www.macleans.ca/politics/worldpolitics/can-the-forces-of-globalization-ever-hope-to-beat-the-coronavirus.

  Westcott, Ben, and Steven Jiang. “Chinese Diplomat Promotes Conspiracy Theory That US Military Brought Coronavirus to Wuhan.” CNN, March 13, 2020. https://www.cnn.com/2020/03/13/asia/china-coronavirus-us-lijian-zhao-intl-hnk/index.html.

  Wong, Edward, and Julian E. Barnes. “U.S. Officials Push for Expelling Suspected Chinese Spies at Media Outlets.” New York Times, March 26, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/03/26/us/politics/coronavirus-china-spies.html.

  Wright, Thomas. “The Return to Great- Power Rivalry Was Inevitable.” The Atlantic, September 12, 2018. https://www.theatlantic.com/international/archive/2018/09/liberal-international-order-free-world-trump-authoritarianism/569881.

  PART FIVE: THE GATHERING STORM

  Abdelmahmoud, Elamin (@elamin88). “I’d like to personally congratulate rich people, you did it again.” Twitter post, May 14, 2020. https://twitter.com/elamin88/status/1261000691075727363.

  Abraham, Carolyn. “Your Brain on COVID- 19.” The Walrus, June 18, 2020. https://thewalrus.ca/your-brain-on-covid-19.

  Allen, John, Nicholas Burns, Laurie Garrett, Richard N. Haass, G. John Ikenberry, Kishore Mahbubani, Shivshankar Menon, et al. “How the World Will Look After the Coronavirus Pandemic.” Foreign Policy, March 20, 2020. https://foreignpolicy.com/2020/03/20/world-order-after-coroanvirus-pandemic.

  Armstrong, Laura. “Golf Courses Will Be Among the Recreational Sports to Get an Early Start After the COVID- 19 Lockdown.” Toronto Star, May 1, 2020.

  Associated Press. “U.S. COVID- 19 Deaths Reach 20,200, Surpassing Italy as Highest in the World.” Canadian Broadcasting Corporation, April 11, 2020. https://www.cbc.ca/news/world/u-s-covid-19-deaths-highest-in-world-1.5529861.

  Austen, Ian. “For Canada, Finding a Vaccine Will Only Be Part of the Equation.” New York Times, May 8, 2020. https://www.nytimes.com/2020/05/08/world/canada/coronavirus-vaccine-timeline.html.