A History Of Thailand
Page 43
Leonowens, Anna 36, 49, 51
lèse majesté laws 241, 278
liquor industry 18, 33, 47, 52, 90, 151, 152, 153, 170, 259
literature 14, 16, 35, 61
Local Development Institute 256
Loetla (Rama II), King 30
logging 155, 157, 169, 170, 215, 244
see also teak industry
Lopburi 8
Louis Leonowens 100
Low, James 39
Lua 183
Luang Por Koon 226, 227, 304
Luang Prabang 8, 53, 60
Luangta Mahabua 227, 261, 263
luk thung music 162–3, 225, 305
Ma Bulakun 130
Mae Teng project 158
Mahajanaka, Prince 242
Mahavamsa chronicle 31
maize 156, 157, 213
Malaria Eradication Programme 155
Malay region 5, 10, 27, 56, 58, 63, 136
Malaya (British) 51, 90, 134
Malays 5, 13, 18, 27, 28, 62, 63, 64, 100, 101, 131, 172
Malaysia 174, 182, 219, 220, 230, 267
Maleenont family 259
Mall group 152, 208
Malloch, D. E. 39
Manchuria 128
Mangkorn Samsen 93
Mangrai 7
Manhattan Coup 142
Manopakon (Mano) Nithithada, Phraya 118, 119, 304
manufacturing 93, 152, 203, 204, 210, 212, 259
Mao Zedong 143, 146, 190
Matichon 222, 223, 268
McCarthy, James 58
Meiji period 111, 126
Mekong River 3, 4, 5, 8, 27, 28, 56, 58, 62, 131
Melaka 114
Melaka Straits 10
methamphetamine (ya ba) 252, 265, 268
middle class 43, 80, 96, 149, 179, 181, 184, 190, 191, 193, 199, 207–9, 222, 223, 225, 230, 232, 243, 248, 249, 250, 253, 256, 260, 268, 269, 273, 277, 284
migration, inward 211–12, 252
migration, overseas 161, 203, 221
migration, rural–urban 161–3, 209, 211, 213, 214, 221, 224
Minebea 204, 210
mining. See tin industry
missionaries 38–9, 73
Mitraphap highway 155, 217
Moerman, Michael 223
Mon 3, 4, 5, 18, 153
monarchy 18–21, 26, 29–31, 49, 142, 174–9, 236–7, 241
‘money politics’ 246, 248, 250, 253–7
Mongkut (Rama IV), King 30, 34, 36, 38, 40–1, 42–4, 48–9, 64, 65, 68, 69, 71, 77, 98, 107, 304
Mon-Khmer languages 3, 4, 7
motorcycles 152, 213, 223–4
mueang 5–7, 8–9, 53, 84
Mum Jokmok 226
Mun Phurithatto, Acharn 241
Mun River 6, 83, 159, 213, 219
mural painting 36, 71
Muser 155
Muslims 56, 172, 230
Mussolini, Benito 117, 125, 126
Nai But 91, 94
Nai Lert 93
Nakhon Phanom 183
Nakhon Si Thammarat 6, 23, 27
nakleng 47, 82, 170
Nam Choan dam 217
Nanchao 112, 130
Nangklao (Rama III), King 30, 34, 36, 38, 44
Narai, King 13, 20
Narathiwat 173, 231, 268
Naresuan, King 11, 13, 73, 126, 262
nation, religion, and king 106, 111, 141, 171, 193, 236, 250
national anthem 128
National Counter Corruption Commission 256
National Culture Commission 132, 229, 236
National Culture Council 146
National Day 131, 176
National Economic and Social Development Board 150, 247
National Human Rights Commission 257
National Identity Office 236, 240, 241, 242, 243
National Reconciliation Commission 268
national security 134, 139, 167, 170, 172, 239
National Security Council (Thailand) 235, 236
National Security Council (US) 145
nationalism 108–12, 115, 127–34, 137, 146, 184, 232, 262
nationalism, Chinese 91, 113–15, 128–30, 144
nationalism, royal 105, 108, 110, 141
nationality 63, 78, 101, 130, 153, 207, 218, 230
Nationality Act (1913) 64, 128, 145, 230
Nattawut Saikua 275
Nawaphon 191, 193
Neale, F. A. 39
Netherlands 220
New Aspiration Party 302
newspapers. See press
Nidhi Eoseewong 33, 205, 304
nirat poetry 35, 74
Nissan cars 151, 152
Nixon, Richard 190
nobility 14–15, 17–18, 28–31, 55, 95, 163–4
non-governmental organizations (NGOs) 211, 217, 257, 261, 263, 267
northeast region 66, 83, 162, 209, 220, 229
in politics 124, 142, 172
Northern Farmers Network 217, 218
novels 106, 107–8, 137, 163, 222, 225
Omphut family 152
opium 33, 38, 39, 47, 52, 90, 94, 146, 155, 174, 177
Pak Mun dam 219
Paknam Incident 58, 62, 68, 76
Pallegoix, Bishop 30, 43, 304
Pattani 56, 173, 174, 231, 303
Pattaya 275
Paveena Thongsuk 226
Payutto, P. A. 260
Peace Movement 144, 182
peasant protest 188–9, 219–20, 255, 261
Peasants Federation of Thailand (PFT) 189, 191
Pegu 11
Penang 96, 106
People Power Party 271, 272, 274, 306
People’s Alliance for Democracy (PAD) 269, 272–3, 274
People’s Party 115–28, 130, 136, 139, 164, 237, 284, 305, 306
Perlis 63
Persians 13, 18, 29, 302
Phahon Phonphayuhasena, Phraya 116, 305
Phalang Tham Party 248, 301, 308
Phao Siyanon 141, 142, 145–7, 173, 283, 302, 305
Phaulcon, Constantin 13
Phayao 223
Phetchaburi 8
Pheu Thai Party 279–80
Phibun (Phibunsongkhram, Plaek) 97, 115, 123–5, 128, 129, 131–6, 137–8, 139, 143, 163, 172, 175–9, 282, 305
Phim Thai 108
Phin Choonhavan 141, 302
Phisanbut family 91
Phisolyabut family 34, 90, 91
Phitsanulok 8, 22
Phnom Penh 193
Phonprapha family 151, 152
Phra Kittiwuttho 193
Phra Phayom Kalyano 227
Phra Phimontham 176
Phra Pothirak 227
Phrae 55
phrakhlang 17, 18, 42
Phrasadet, Chao Phraya 66
Phuket 47, 53, 126
phumibun 26, 48, 55
Phumphuang Duangjan 162, 163, 226, 227, 305
Phuphan hills 182, 185
pigtails 35, 94
Pin Malakun 177
plays. See drama
Plaza Accords 203
poems. See literature; nirat poetry
Poh Intharapalit 170
police 65, 93, 94, 96, 145, 157, 160, 260, 268
polygamy 16, 30, 43, 49, 52, 70, 74, 101, 107, 122, 137, 163, 164, 169
population 23, 81, 98, 154, 161, 201
populism 265, 268
Portuguese 4, 7, 10, 11, 36
Pote Sarasin 147, 153
poverty 158, 159, 216, 239
Prabda Yoon 222
Prajadhipok (Rama VII), King 111, 114, 117–20, 121, 140, 163, 164, 237, 303, 305
Praphat Charusathian 148, 169, 186, 193, 238
Prasat Thong, King 14
Prasoet Sapsunthon 180, 182, 183, 238, 305
Prawase Wasi 256, 261, 263, 305
Prem Tinsulanond 196, 238–9, 242, 246, 267, 268, 269, 271, 274, 301, 305, 307
press 105, 106, 108, 115, 119, 122, 144, 147, 180, 222–3, 250, 267, 268
press, Chinese 95, 146, 180
press laws 108, 117, 125, 222, 2
47
Pridi Banomyong 97, 113, 115, 118, 119–23, 128, 136, 139–47, 181, 182, 284, 306
Prisdang, Prince 75, 76
Privy Council 51, 111, 118, 186, 267, 268, 270, 274, 303
Privy Purse 66–7, 91, 120, 121, 124
progress (idea of) 25, 34, 39, 40, 43, 49, 51, 52, 55, 64, 69, 70, 71, 73–5, 77, 78, 87, 104, 107, 108, 109, 110, 111, 115, 117, 121, 122, 132–4, 149
prostitution. See sex industry
protégés. See extraterritoriality
publishing 73, 106, 222–3
Puey Ungphakon 205, 216, 306
rachasap 49, 112
radio 123, 131, 162, 175, 194, 224–5, 236, 240, 252, 263, 274, 275, 301
Radio Coup 142
railways 58, 83, 155
Rajprasong 275
Rama I, King. See Yotfa (Rama I), King
Rama II, King. See Loetla (Rama II), King
Rama III, King. See Nangklao (Rama III), King
Rama IV, King. See Mongkut (Rama IV), King
Rama V, King. See Chulalongkorn (Rama V), King
Rama VI, King. See Vajiravudh (Rama VI), King
Rama VII, King. See Prajadhipok (Rama VII), King
Rama VIII, King. See Ananda Mahidol (Rama VIII), King
Rama IX, King. See Bhumibol Adulyadej (Rama IX), King
Rambhai Bharni, Queen 140, 163, 164
Ramkhamhaeng University 207
Rangsit, Prince 124, 141, 175
Rangsit tract 82, 91, 214
Ranong 47
Ratchaburi 23, 28
Ratchaburi, Prince 65
Ratchakhru group 246, 302
Ratchanok Intanon 226
Rattanakosin Island 30, 99, 241
Red Shirts 277–8
republicanism 117, 141, 166
rest and recreation (R&R) 148, 161, 169
retailing 152, 208, 212, 259
rice farming 47, 80–8, 156, 157, 158–61, 213
rice milling 47, 67, 85, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 94, 100, 114, 122, 129, 141, 160, 161, 180, 212
rice trade 32, 81, 85, 87, 88, 90–1, 92–4, 117, 129, 136, 150, 159
Riggs, Fred 153, 165
roads 67, 98, 99, 100, 122, 145, 155, 157, 161, 162, 169, 171, 217, 223, 239, 244, 247
royal projects 177, 240
royalist politics 140, 142, 146, 167, 175, 267, 269, 273, 274, 278
rubber 32, 90, 92, 130, 155, 156, 157, 253
Sadaeng Kitchanukit (A Miscellany) 40
Sahapat group 152
Sahaviriya group 151, 152
Saigon 56, 58, 92, 120, 193
sakdina 15, 163
Sakon Nakhon 172, 241, 304
Sam kok (Three Kingdoms) 34, 223
Samak Burawat 181
Samak Sundaravej 271, 272, 273, 274, 306
Samakkhitham Party 248, 249, 254
Sampheng 30, 32, 89, 91, 94, 100, 102
Sangha 18–20, 65, 78, 123, 144, 181, 228
Sangha Acts 65, 131, 176
Sangkhomsat Parithat (Social Science Review) 184, 307
Sanitwong family 82, 88
Santi Asoke movement 228, 301
Sanya Thammasak 186
Sapphasat 87
Sarasin family 97, 147, 153
Sarit Thanarat 141, 142, 145–50, 167–9, 171, 172, 173, 174, 175–9, 182, 242, 246, 247, 282, 300, 304, 306
Sayam Thewathirat 48
Sayan Sanya 162
secret societies. See angyi
Seksan Prasertkun 186, 195, 197, 306
Seni Pramoj 136, 140, 141, 164, 190, 193, 243, 306
Seri Phongphit 216
Seri Thai movement 136, 139, 141, 142, 180–1, 306
sex industry 102, 107, 148, 152, 161, 162, 170, 204, 212
Shan 28, 63, 64, 100, 128, 132
Shan States 21, 39, 134, 136, 140, 141
Shin Corp 269
shipping 44, 88, 89, 90, 91, 92, 93, 130
Si Phaendin (Four Reigns) 101, 163
Siam Commercial Bank 91
Siew Hut Seng 114, 130
Sila Wongsin 172
Silent Coup 142
Singapore 38, 51, 74, 88, 92, 93, 96, 106, 210, 267, 269
Sinlapa Watthanatham (Art and Culture) magazine 228, 307
Sipsongchuthai 28, 60
Sipsongpanna 21, 39, 58, 60
Sirikit, Queen 177, 240, 241
Sirindhorn, Princess 226
siwilai 64, 68, 71, 75, 98, 108, 113, 282
slavery 5, 6, 15, 39, 41–2, 51–2, 60, 85, 126
Smyth, H. Warrington 89, 102
Social Action Party 189, 243, 301, 304
Social Security Law 209
Somchai Wongsawat 273, 274
Somluck Kamsing 226
Sondhi Limthongkun 222, 269, 272, 274
Songkhla 6, 231, 303, 305
songs for life 197
Sonthi Boonyaratglin 270, 307
Sophonpanich family 151, 205
Southeast Asia 140, 145
Southeast Asia Treaty Organization (SEATO) 145, 147, 148
southern region 83, 172, 229, 230, 268
Sri Lanka 7
Srisak Vallibhotama 228, 229
state edicts 131–4
steel industry 151, 152
stockmarket 205, 249, 255, 257, 258, 262, 267
strike (1910) 94, 113
strikes 94, 110, 122, 180, 188, 191, 209
student politics 184–9, 193–5, 196, 202
Sua pa (Wild Tiger) Corps 105, 111
Suan Kulap School 67, 97
Suchinda Kraprayun 250
sugar, sugarcane 32, 81, 156
sugar industry 32, 151, 155, 212
Sujit Wongthet 184, 206, 228, 307
Sukhothai 6, 7, 8, 20
history of 71, 126, 146, 165, 169, 175, 190, 236, 241, 282, 301
Sulak Sivaraksa 184, 216, 307
Sun Yat-Sen 113, 114
Sunthon Phu 35–6, 43, 307
Supalak Omphut 208
Supha Sirimanon 181
Suphanburi 8, 162, 245, 300
Suphankalaya, Princess 261
Suranari, Thao 126
Surayud Chulanont 252, 268, 270, 271, 274, 307
Suriyanuwat, Phraya 87
surnames 95, 96, 115
Suvarnabhumi International Airport 273
Suwannaphum 127
Tachard, Guy 14
Tai languages 3–4, 62, 112
Taiwan 204, 220
Tak Bai incident 231
Taksin, King of Thonburi 25–6, 27–8, 33, 77, 126, 129, 206, 308
Tan Chi Huang 92
Tarisa Watanagase 208
tax-farming 32, 34, 44, 55, 92, 96, 102
teak industry 53, 58, 90
Techaphaibun family 151
technocrats 150, 164, 189, 203, 205, 242, 249, 255, 257
telecommunications 205, 212, 262
television 177, 206, 208, 224–5, 250, 252, 255, 263, 267, 269, 274, 275, 301
Teochiu 25, 33, 92, 154
Thai (as concept) 4, 61–4, 112, 127, 131, 154, 228–30
Thai language 4, 23, 46, 63, 66, 73, 112, 132, 137, 154, 171
Thai Rak Thai Party 262–3, 265, 267, 269, 270, 271, 273, 274, 283, 302, 308
Thai Rath newspaper 222
Thai Rice Company 129
Thailand (as name) 131–2, 137
Thai-ness 111–12, 207, 233
Thaksin Shinawatra 205, 249, 259, 262–73, 274, 275, 277, 278, 279, 281, 283, 284, 306, 308
Thammasat University 122, 144, 163, 181, 185, 188, 194, 195, 241
Thammayut sect 40, 65, 171, 176, 304
Thanat Khoman 176
Thanin Kraivixien 193, 194, 201, 209, 222
Thanom Kittikhachon 169, 185, 186, 194, 238, 308
That Phanom shrine 131
Thepsirin School 98
Thianwan Wannapho 74–5, 106, 307
Thim Sukkhayang 74
Thiphakorawong, Chao Phraya 40, 43, 308
Thirayuth Boonmi 186, 253, 256, 308
Thongchai Winichakul 56, 58
timber. See teak industry
tin industry 27, 32, 38, 47, 58, 90, 253
tobacco 32, 93, 130, 157
Tomayanti 222
Tongnoi Tongyai 242
tourism 148, 203, 204, 211, 229, 241, 253, 273
Traiphum 11, 31, 41, 241
tramways 110
Trengganu 27, 63
Tripitaka 31
Truman, President 149
Ubon 53, 55
Udom Srisuwan 180, 181, 182
United Front of Democracy Against Dictatorship (UDD) 274, 275
United Nations (UN) 148, 265
United States of America (US) 136, 138, 139, 143–50, 165, 166, 167, 174, 176, 190, 191, 195, 197, 203, 223, 282
US troops 147, 190, 195
Vachirayan, Prince 65–6
Vajiravudh (Rama VI), King 69, 70, 71, 87, 96, 105–6, 108, 110, 111, 113, 115, 126, 138, 141, 163, 303, 308
Vajiravudh College 71
Van der Heide, Honan 83, 158
Vejjajiva family 97, 273, 278–9
Victory Monument 134
Vientiane 27, 28, 60
Vietnam 11, 56, 58, 143, 148, 179, 195
Vietnam war 161, 184, 190, 204, 237
Village Scouts Movement 191, 194, 239, 244, 260
Voice of the People of Thailand (VOPT) 183, 196
Wan Waithayakon 164
Wanglee family 93, 151, 152
Wat Benjamabophit 68, 71
Wat Boworniwet 66, 194
Wat Phananchoeng 227
Wat Pho 61
Wat Phra Si Sanphet 14
weaving 88, 160
Wibun Khemchaloem 214
Wichit Wathakan, Luang 97, 112, 125–9, 131, 134, 137, 138, 146, 163, 205, 282, 309
Wichitmatra, Khun 112, 130
Wilat Osathanon 130
Wild Tiger Corps. See Sua pa (Wild Tiger) Corps
Wilson, David 207
Wongsarot family 29
World Bank 143, 149, 203, 220, 257, 258, 261
Xinmin school 180, 301
Yadana pipeline 219
Yala 173, 231
Yamaha 152
Yao 155, 183
Yellow Shirts 272, 273, 278, 307
Yingluck Shinawatra 279–80
Yotfa (Rama I), King 26, 27–31, 40, 73, 309
Young Siam 52, 53
Young Turks group 237–8, 247, 248, 301
Yunnan 58, 112
Yuwachon 124
Zimmerman, Carle E. 85, 87