Book Read Free

Forty Autumns

Page 31

by Nina Willner


  Jones, John Penman. “Voices Under Berlin: Night Train to Berlin.” Drawn from “Night Train to Berlin,” Army in Europe, August 1969, pp. 26–27. http://www.voicesunder berlin.com/BerlinTravel/NightTraintoBerlin.html.

  Jones, Nate. “1983 War Scare: ‘The Last Paroxysm’ of the Cold War.” Parts 1–3. George Washington University National Security Archive, May 16, 2013. http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB426/; http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB427/; http://nsarchive.gwu.edu/NSAEBB/NSAEBB428/.

  Jones, Tamara. “Update: Honecker a Prisoner of the Past: Three Countries Are Deadlocked over the Fate of the Ailing Former East German Leader.” Los Angeles Times, February 2, 1992. http://articles.latimes.com/1992-02-22/news/mn-1950_1_east-german.

  Kirchner, Kurt. “Arbeitet So, Wie Die Agitatoren Wilk Und Porsch!” Notizbuch Des Agitators 3 (1953): 31–35.

  Klee, Ernst. “Psychiatrie in der DDR—eine erste Bestandsaufnahme: Wecken um halb vier.” Zeit Online, June 28, 1991. http://www.zeit.de/1991/27/wecken-um-halb-vier.

  Kloth, Hans Michael. “East German by Design: The ABCs of Communist Consumer Culture.” Spiegel Online International, June 23, 2009. http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/east-german-by-design-the-abcs-of-communist-consumer-culture-a-631992.html.

  Koehler, John O. Stasi. Boulder, CO: Westview Press, 1999.

  Kovaly, Heda Margolius. Under a Cruel Star. Trans. Helen Epstein. Cambridge, MA: Plunkett Lake Press, 1986.

  Kramer, Jörg. “Escape via Elevator Shaft: East Germany’s ‘Traitor Athletes’ Tell Their Stories.” Spiegel Online, July 22, 2011. http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/escape-via-elevator-shaft-east-germany-s-traitor-athletes-tell-their-stories-a-775370.html.

  Kusin, Vladimir V. “Gorbachev in East Germany.” “Shortage of Raw Materials in East Germany.” Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty Research Institute Report. Vera and Donald Blinken Open Society Archives at Central European University. October 19, 1989. http://catalog.osaarchivum.org/catalog/osa:bda3a8f2-5282-4b43-9ccd-314c57aa213e.

  Lander, Mark. “Stollberg Journal; to Onetime Political Inmates, This Jail Was No Vacation.” New York Times, August 19, 2004. http://www.nytimes.com/2004/08/19/world/stollberg-journal-to-onetime-political-inmates-this-jail-was-no-vacation.html.

  Larson, Erik. In the Garden of Beasts. New York: Crown, 2011.

  Latotzky, Alex. “A Childhood Behind Barbwire.” http://alex.latotzky.de/Estart.htm.

  Lavigne, Marie. International Political Economy and Socialism. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, 1991.

  Lewis, Ben. Hammer and Tickle. London: Phoenix, 2009.

  Lukas, Karin. “East Germany’s October ‘Spring’: A German Journalist Recalls Leipzig in 1989 and the Protests That Led to the Fall of East Germany.” Al Jazeera, October 9, 2014. http://www.aljazeera.com/indepth/opinion/2014/10/east-germany-october-spring-201410813025891431.html.

  Lynch, Denni. “The Berlin Wall, 1961–1989: A Timeline of a Divided Germany.” International Business Times, October 11, 2014. http://www.ibtimes.com/berlin-wall-1961-1989-timeline-divided-germany-1721012.

  Maaz, Hans-Joachim. Behind the Wall. New York: Norton, 1995.

  Major, Patrick. “Holding the Line: Policing the Open Border.” In Behind the Berlin Wall: East Germany and the Frontiers of Power. New York: Oxford University Press, 2010.

  Mars, Roman. Tunnel 57. Episode 104 (video). 99PercentInvisible.org. http://99percent invisible.org/episode/tunnel-57/.

  McKenna, David. East Germany. New York: Chelsea House, 1988.

  “The Meaning of Being a Soldier.” German Propaganda Archive, Calvin College. http://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-archive/soldat.htm.

  Meyer, Michael. The Year That Changed the World. New York: Scribner, 2009.

  “Military Parade Celebrating the 40th Anniversary of the GDR (October 7, 1989).” German History Through Documents and Images. http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/sub_image.cfm?image_id=3025.

  “Minutes No. 49 of the Meeting of the SED Politburo.” Wilson Center Digital Archive, November 7, 1989. http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/113041.

  Molloy, Peter. The Lost World of Communism. London: BBC, 2009.

  “Nachdrückliche Warnung note der Britischen Regierung an Moskau—Die Luftkorridore.” Chronik der Mauer. http://www.chronik-der-mauer.de/material/180307/antwortnote-der-westmaechte-auf-die-note-der-sowjetunion-vom-23-august-1961.

  Naimark, Norman. “About ‘The Russians’ and About Us: The Question of Rape and Soviet-German Relations in the Soviet Zone.” Washington, DC: National Council for Eurasian and East European Research, 1991. http://www.ucis.pitt.edu/nceeer/pre1998/1991-802-14-2-Naimark.pdf.

  . The Russians in Germany. Cambridge, MA: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 1995.

  Nettl, Peter. “German Reparations in the Soviet Empire.” Foreign Affairs 29, no. 2 (1951): 300.

  “Nie Wieder ein Krieg von Deuscher Erde!” Volksstimme (Magdeburg, East Germany), June 23, 1966.

  “1956 Polish and Hungarian Crises.” Wilson Center Digital Archive. http://digital archive.wilsoncenter.org/collection/9/1956-polish-and-hungarian-crises.

  “Памятный знак жертве ‘холодной войны.” Group of Soviet Forces Germany, October 2, 2013. http://www.gsvg.ru/2ww/93-pamyatnyy-znak-zhertve-holodnoy-voyny.html.

  “Official GDR Pamphlet ‘Notiz Buch Des Agitators’ Published by Socialist Unity Party’s Agitation Department, Berlin District—‘He Who Leaves the GDR Joins the Warmongers.’” 1955. German Propaganda Archive, Calvin College. http://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-archive/notiz3.htm.

  Oltermann, Phillip. “Surfboards and Submarines: The Secret Escape of East Germans to Copenhagen.” Guardian, October 17, 2014. http://www.theguardian.com/cities/2014/oct/17/surfboards-and-submarines-the-secret-escape-of-east-germans-to-copenhagen.

  “Our Five Year Plan for Peaceful Reconstruction.” 1952. German Propaganda Archive, Calvin College. http://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-archive/5yrplan.htm.

  Painton, Frederick. “Eastern Europe Communism’s Old Men—Gorbachev Tries to Introduce Change to the Aging Party Bosses.” Time, April 28, 1986. http://content.time.com/time/subscriber/article/0,33009,961281,00.html.

  Pankau, Matthias. “How Bodo Strehlow Paid for His Attempt to Escape from East Germany with Solitary Confinement.” German Times for Europe, November–December 2010. http://www.german-times.com/index.php?option=com_content&task=view&id=38373&Itemid=182.

  “The Pershing Missile System and the Cold War.” Cold War Museum. http://www.coldwar.org/articles/50s/pershing_missiles.asp.

  Pieck, Wilhelm. “Zehn Yahre Deutsche Demokratische Republic.” German Propaganda Archive, Calvin University. http://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-archive/gdrmain.htm.

  “Plea from ‘the Housewives in the Soviet Zone.’” Gustrow, Germany, 1946. Warwick Cold War Archives. http://www2.warwick.ac.uk/services/library/mrc/explore further/images/coldwar/.

  Portes, Richard. “East Europe’s Debt to the West: Interdependence Is a Two-Way Street.” Foreign Affairs 55, no. 4 (July 1977): 751.

  “Post-War East Germany.” Excerpt from Glenn E. Curtis. East Germany: A Country Study. Washington, DC: Federal Research Division of the Library of Congress, 1992. http://www.shsu.edu/~his_ncp/EGermPW.html.

  “The Price of Gold: The Legacy of Doping in the GDR.” Spiegel Online International, August 17, 2009. http://www.spiegel.de/international/germany/the-price-of-gold-the-legacy-of-doping-in-the-gdr-a-644233.html.

  “Protokoll Nr. 45/61 der Sitzung des Politbüros des Zentralkomitees der SED am Dienstag, dem 22. August 1961, im Sitzungssaal des Politbüros.” Chronik der Mauer. http://www.chronik-der-mauer.de/index.php/de/Start/Detail/id/593839/page/27.

  Reagan, Ronald. “I’m Convinced That Gorbachev Wants a Free-Market Democracy.” New York Times, June 12, 1990. http://www.nytimes.com/1990/06/12/opinion/i-m-convinced-that-gorbachev-wants-a-free-market-democracy.html.

  Roberts, Andrew. “Sta
lin’s Army of Rapists: The Brutal War Crime That Russia and Germany Tried to Ignore.” Daily Mail Online, October 24, 1988. http://www.dailymail.co.uk/news/article-1080493/Stalins-army-rapists-The-brutal-war-crime-Russia-Germany-tried-ignore.html.

  Robson, Jeff. “‘He Who Has the Youth, Has the Future’: Youth and the State in the German Democratic Republic.” History Matters, undated. http://historymatters.appstate.edu/sites/historymatters.appstate.edu/files/youthstateGDR_000.pdf.

  Rodden, John. “Creating ‘Textbook Reds.’” Society 42, no. 1 (2004): 72–78.

  . Repainting the Little Red Schoolhouse. New York: Oxford University Press, 2002.

  Rosen, Armin. “A Declassified CIA Paper Shows How Close the U.S. and the Soviets Really Came to War in 1983.” Business Insider, September 18, 2014. http://www.businessinsider.com/how-close-the-us-and-the-soviets-came-to-war-in-1983-2014-9.

  “The Rules of the Thälmann Pioneers.” German Propaganda Archives, Calvin College. http://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-archive/tp.htm.

  Sauer, Heiner, and Hans-Otto Plumeyer. Der Salzgitter Report. Esslingen: Bechtle, 1991.

  Schaefer, Bernd, and Christian Nuenlist. “NATO’s ‘Able Archer 83’ Exercise and the 1983 Soviet War Scare.” Parallel History Project on Cooperative Security, November 6, 2003. http://www.php.isn.ethz.ch/collections/colltopic.cfm?lng=en&id=16431&navinfo=15296.

  . “Stasi Intelligence on NATO, 1969–1989.” Parallel History Project on Cooperative Security, November 2003.

  Schlosser, Nicholas J. “The Berlin Radio War: Broadcasting in Cold War Berlin and the Shaping of Political Culture in Divided Germany 1945–1961.” Ph.D. diss., University of Maryland, 2008.

  Schmid, Heinz D. Fragen an Die Geschichte. 4th ed. Frankfurt am Main: Hirschgraben.

  Schmidt, Wolfhard. “The Right Word at the Right Time: On the Work of the Agitator.” Radar 4 (1988). German Propaganda Archive, Calvin College. http://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-archive/radar1.htm.

  Schöne, Jens. The GDR: A History of the Workers’ and Peasants’ State. Trans. Simon Hodgson. Berlin: Berlin Story Verlag, 2015.

  Schultke, Dietmar. Keiner kommt Durch Die Geschichte der innerdeutschen Grenze und der Berliner Mauer. Berlin: Aufbau, 1999.

  “Senator Joseph McCarthy, McCarthyism, and the Witch Hunt.” Cold War Museum. http://www.coldwar.org/articles/50s/senatorjosephmccarthy.asp.

  Shapiro, Susan, and Ronald Shapiro, The Curtain Rises. Jefferson, NC: McFarland, 2004.

  “Shortage of Raw Materials in East Germany.” Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty Research Institute Report. August 21, 1951. Vera and Donald Blinken Open Society Archives at Central European University. http://www.osaarchivum.org/greenfield/repository/osa:cc99d470-13f4-4c89-ae29-966ef47856c2.

  Silberstein, Gerard E. “Uprising in East Germany: The Events of June 17, 1953.” History: Reviews of New Books 1, no. 2 (1972): 41.

  Smyser, W. R. From Yalta to Berlin: The Cold War Struggle over Germany. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1999.

  Sokolovskii, V., and L. Govorov. “Report from V. Sokolovskii and L. Govorov in Berlin to N.A. Bulganin.” June 17, 1953. Wilson Center Digital Archive. http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/112449.pdf?v=ebe3b90346435974c3f338850a96ed74.

  Steiner, André. The Plans That Failed: An Economic History of the GDR. Trans. Ewald Osers. New York: Berghahn Books, 2010.

  Suess, Walter, and Douglas Selvage. “KGB/Stasi Cooperation.” Cold War International History Project and the Office of the Federal Commissioner for the Stasi Records, October 27, 2012. http://www.wilsoncenter.org/publication/e-dossier-no-37-kgbstasi-cooperation?gclid=CJXWkqqs88YCFVTMtAodM2IG7g.

  Swain, Geoff, and Nigel Swain. Eastern Europe Since 1945. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1993.

  “Swim for Your Life out of the GDR!” YouTube video, undated. https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=K7CWajaOx4E.

  Taylor, Fredrick. The Berlin Wall: A World Divided, 1961–1989. New York: HarperCollins, 2006.

  Turner, Henry Ashby. Germany from Partition to Reunification. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1992.

  . The Two Germanies Since 1945. New Haven, CT: Yale University Press, 1987.

  “Two Berlins: A Generation Apart.” National Geographic, January 1982, 3–51.

  “Two Pledges for the Jugendweihe (1955/1958).” Translated by Thomas Dunlap. German History Through Documents and Images. http://germanhistorydocs.ghi-dc.org/sub_document.cfm?document_id=4573.

  “Uchtspringe (Landesheilanstalt Uchtspringe).” http://www.uvm.edu/~lkaelber/children/uchtspringe/uchtspringe.html.

  Uhl, Matthias, Christian Nuenlist, and Anna Locher. “The 1961 Berlin Crisis and Soviet Preparations for War in Europe.” Parallel History Project, December 4, 2003. http://www.php.isn.ethz.ch/collections/colltopic.cfm?lng=en&id=16161.

  Ulbricht, Walter. “Letter from Ulbricht to Khrushchev on Closing the Border Around West Berlin.” September 15, 1961. Wilson Center Digital Archive. http://digital archive.wilsoncenter.org/document/116212.

  Ungerleider, Steven. Faust’s Gold. New York: Thomas Dunne Books, 2001.

  “Unit History: United States Military Mission to the Commander in Chief, Group of Soviet Forces in Germany.” 1985. U.S. Army, declassified document.

  United States Military Liaison Mission. “Cold War Timeline.” http://usmlm.us/.

  “Upheaval in the East; Honecker and Wife Hounded from New House by a Mob.” New York Times, March 3, 1990. http://www.nytimes.com/1990/03/25/world/upheaval-in-the-east-honecker-and-wife-hounded-from-new-house-by-a-mob.html.

  USSR Council of the Ministers. “Measures to Improve the Health of the Political Situation in the GDR.” June 2, 1953. Wilson Center Digital Archive. http://digitalarchive.wilsoncenter.org/document/110023.

  “U.S. Vehicle Is Hit in the East.” New York Times, July 17, 1985. http://www.nytimes.com/1985/07/17/world/us-vehicle-is-hit-in-east-germany.html.

  “The Wall That Defined Us.” Time, November 5, 1999.

  “Walter Ulbrichts ‘Dringender Wunsch.’” Bundeszentrale Für Politische Bildung, September 1, 2012. http://www.bpb.de/geschichte/deutsche-einheit/deutsche-teilung-deutsche-einheit/52213/walter-ulbrichts-dringender-wunsch.

  “Wer Ist Schuld Am Bau Und Am Fortbestand Der Mauer Zwischen DDR Und BRD?” Der-demokrat.de. http://www.der-demokrat.de/.

  “What You Should Know About the Wall.” German Propaganda Archive, Calvin College, 1962. http://research.calvin.edu/german-propaganda-archive/wall.htm.

  Williams, Peter. “Being Detained by the Soviets Could Be Fun—A BRIXMIS Detention near Wittenberg 27–28 August 1981.” Parallel History Project, April 2007. http://www.php.isn.ethz.ch/collections/colltopic.cfm?lng=en&id=27752.

  Williams, Peter, and Leo Niedermann, eds. “British Commanders-in-Chief Mission to the Soviet Forces in Germany (BRIXMIS): Photographs and Documents.” Parallel History Project, April 5 2007. http://www.php.isn.ethz.ch/collections/colltopic.cfm?lng=en&id=27752.

  Winkler, Christopher, Anna Locher, and Christian Nuenlist, eds. “Between Conflict and Gentleman’s Agreement.” Parallel History Project, July 1, 2005. http://www.php.isn.ethz.ch/collections/colltopic.cfm?lng=en&id=14644.

  Wölbern, Jan Philipp. Der Häftlingsfreikauf aus der DDR 1962/62–1989. Göttingen: Vandenhoeck & Ruprecht, 2014.

  “World: Wall of Shame.” Time, August 31, 1962.

  “Zeitgeschichte: Tödliche Schüsse ohne Vorwarnung.” Spiegel Online, March 20, 2005. http://www.spiegel.de/panorama/zeitgeschichte-toedliche-schuesse-ohne-vorwarnung-a-347432.html.

  INDEX

  The pagination of this electronic edition does not match the edition from which it was created. To locate a specific entry, please use your e-book reader’s search tools.

  Note: Italicized page numbers indicate photographs.

  Abel, Rudolf, 274

  Able Archer, 254

  Abrams tanks, 253

  Adenauer, Konrad, 144

  Adidas, 284

  Adolph-Hitler-Strasse, 6, 7

&
nbsp; Afghanistan, 228, 267

  AFIO (Association of Former Intelligence Officers), 234–35

  AFN (American Forces Network), 152–53

  agricultural collectives, 81–82, 87, 138

  Aktion Rose (Operation Rose), 142

  Aktion Ungeziefer (MfS) (Operation Vermin), 87–88

  Aktuelle Kamera (TV newscast), 312

  Albers, Hans, 213

  Albert

  birth and family life, 140–41, 175

  East German visit, 218–22

  family reunion of 2013, 337, 338

  update on, 341

  in U.S. Army, 248, 264

  Allied Checkpoints, 361. See also Checkpoint Charlie

  Allied Kommandatura, 34, 75

  Allies

  Berlin and, 36, 48–49, 146

  Marshall Plan, 48

  use of term, 361

  allotment gardens, 235–37, 261

  Ama Marit

  Hanna’s escape attempt, 31–33, 35

  Soviet occupation of Schwaneberg, 21–22, 30

  surrendering of farm, 119, 138

  American swimsuit, 227–28

  Andrea, 281–82, 294–95, 311

  defection of, 317–18

  Apenburg, 168–69, 207

  Apollo-Soyuz Test Project, 196–97

  Apollo 11, 171

  ARD (broadcaster), 231, 326

  Arlington National Cemetery, 349

  Armstrong, Neil, 171

  Army, U.S.

  Albert in, 248, 264

  Berlin Command, 146, 250–51, 256–57

  Duty Train, Nina’s departure from Berlin, 303–6

  Hanna’s secretary job in Heidelberg, 89, 108–9, 111, 122

  Russian Foreign Area Officer, 318

  women in the military, 247–48

  Army Airborne School, U.S., 248

  Army intelligence, U.S.

  Eddie as officer, 108, 124, 125–27

  Nina as officer, 245, 247

  farewell dinner, 302–3

  first assignment in Berlin, 17, 248–52

  Flag Tour missions, 255–60, 262–64, 264, 265, 266–67, 273–74, 288–90, 292–96, 300–302

  training, 245, 247, 248

  athletic clubs, 172

 

‹ Prev