Witness to Hope

by George Weigel

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  Acknowledgments

  While the narrative, analysis, and judgments in Witness to Hope are entirely my responsibility, it is a pleasure to acknowledge the great debt of gratitude I owe to those whose cooperation, assistance, and counsel made the work possible.

  In Rome: Here, the first word of thanks must go to His Holiness, Pope John Paul II. When we met to discuss the procedures we would follow in the project, I told him that, while I understood and respected his sense of privacy, I would have to try to violate it over the next several years. He understood. During ten interviews and more than twenty hours of conversation over meals in the papal apartment and at Castel Gandolfo, he opened his mind, his memory, and his heart so that I might understand his life, his thinking, and his work better. On no occasion did the Holy Father suggest that I avoid some topic, nor did he ever propose how an issue might be handled. He believed, from the beginning and throughout, that the responsibility for this book was mine.

  John Paul II’s secretary, Bishop Stanisław Dziwisz, was unfailingly helpful in arranging what needed to be arranged, in the Vatican and elsewhere. My work would have been quite impossible without his assistance and support.

  Dr. Joaquín Navarro-Valls, director of the Holy See Press Office, will, I hope, write his own study of John Paul II someday. For the present, I wish to thank him for his insight, enthusiasm, and advocacy, all of which were indispensable.

  I owe a considerable debt of gratitude and friendship to Bishop James M. Harvey, Prefect of the Papal Household, for his counsel and his company.

  The Pontifical North American College was my Roman home during the preparation of the book, and a finer home cannot be imagined. I am deeply grateful to the rector, Monsignor Timothy M. Dolan, and to the college faculty, students, and staff, for their welcome, their friendship, their interest, and their support. A special word of gratitude goes to Michael Woods, and to the 1996–1997 students from the Archdiocese of Washington, who acted as impromptu research assistants. To NACers one and all: ad multos annos.

  I should like to thank the following officials of the Holy See for their cooperation in providing interviews, suggestions, and/or materials: Cardinal Francis Arinze; Cardinal William Baum; the late Cardinal Alberto Bovone; Monsignor Timothy Broglio; Archbishop Agostino Cacciavillan; the late Cardinal Agostino Casaroli; Cardinal Edward Cassidy; Archbishop Claudio Celli; Archbishop Andrea Cordero Lanza di Montezemolo; Archbishop Paul Cordes; Bishop Pierre Duprey, M.Afr.; Monsignor Robert J. Dempsey; Monsignor Walter Edyvean; Cardinal Roger Etchegaray; Father Brian Farrell, LC; Father John Farren, OP; Archbishop John Foley; Father Reginald Foster, OCD; Cardinal Bernardin Gantin; Archbishop Luigi Gatti; Archbishop Zenon Grocholewski; Cardinal Pio Laghi; Cardinal Alfonso López Trujillo; Cardinal Jorge Medina Estévez; Bishop Piero Marini; Bishop Diarmuid Martin; Archbishop Jorge Mejía; Archbishop Giuseppe Pittau, SJ; Cardinal Luigi Poggi; Monsignor Joseph Punderson; Monsignor John Radano; Cardinal Joseph Ratzinger; Archbishop Giovanni Battista Re; Bishop Stanisław Ryłko; Cardinal Jan Schotte, CICM; Cardinal Angelo Sodano; Cardinal J. Francis Stafford; Cardinal Edmund Szoka; Archbishop Jean-Louis Tauran; Monsignor Daniel Thomas; Cardinal Jozef Tomko; and Father Roberto Tucci, SJ.

  My thanks go as well to Mrs. Irina Alberti; Ambassador Corinne Claiborne Boggs; Father Alvaro Corcuera Martínez del Río, LC, and the faculty and students of the Pontifical Athenaeum “Regina Apostolorum” James Crowley; Ambassador Henrietta T. De Villa; Father Frederick Dolan; Bishop Javier Echevarría Rodríguez; Sister Emilia Ehrlich, OSU; Ambassador Raymond Flynn; Stanisław Grygiel; Jerzy Kluger; Chiara Lubich; Father Marcial Maciel, LC; Marta and Filippo Manzi; Krzysztof Mięsozerny and his colleagues; Father John Navone, SJ; Brother Robert Oliver, BH; Monsignor Vincenzo Paglia; Lisa Palmieri-Billig; Bishop Angelo Scola; Sister Lucy Thorson, NDS; and Father Thomas Williams, LC. Rocco Buttiglione was, as always, a steady source of insight. My thanks, too, to Prime Minister Massimo D’Alema and former President Francesco Cossiga for discussing John Paul II’s impact on Italian public life. As in the past, Leonardo Mondadori was both publisher and friend.

  Among present and former members of the Roman press corps, I should like to thank Celestine Bohlen, Richard Boudreaux, Greg Burke, Paula Butturini, Candice Hughes, Joan Lewis, Victor and Daniela Simpson, Alessandra Stanley, John Tagliabue, John Thavis, and Cindy Wooden. Father Paul Mankowski, SJ, and two students at the Pontifical North American College, Daniel Gallagher and Roger Landry, helped with Latin translations. John Vargas helped with Spanish translations.

  In Poland: Father Maciej Zięba, OP; Father Jarosław Kupczak, OP; and Father Jarosław Głodek, OP, were invaluable in arranging my research periods in Poland. My best thanks, too, to Father Mirosław Pilśniak, OP, and the Dominican community in Kraków, and to Father Jacek Buda, OP, and the Dominican community in Warsaw’s Old Town, for their hospitality.

  I owe a very special debt of gratitude to several men and women of Karol Wojtyła’s Środowisko for their assistance and their trust: Danuta Ciesielska, Teresa Malecka, Piotr Malecki, Danuta Rybicka, Stanisław Rybicki, Karol Tarnowski, Bozena Turowska, Gabriel Turowski, and Teresa Życzkowska. For my understanding of Karol Wojtyła’s forty years in Kraków, I am also indebted to Monsignor Andrzej Bardecki; Monsignor Władysław Gasidło; Father Wojciech Giertych, OP; Jerzy Janik; Archbishop Marian Jaworski; Halina Kwiatkowska; Cardinal Franciszek Macharski; Father Mieczysław Maliński; Monsignor Stanisław Małysiak; Marek Michałewski; Danuta Michałowska; Andrzej Połtawski; Stanisław Rodziński; Bishop Stanisław Smoleński; Maria Swiezawska; Father Michal Szafarski, SDB; Father Józef Tischner; the late Jerzy Turowicz; Henryk Woźniakowski; and Jacek Woźniakowski. Marek Skwarnicki gave me invaluable help in translating Karol Wojtyła’s poetry and exploring his poetic imagination. Anna Orla-Bukowska and Paweł Malecki helped with other translations.

  For introducing me to the Catholic University of Lublin and discussing Karol Wojtyła’s work there with me, I am grateful to Jerzy Gałkowski; Cezary Ritter; Stefan Sawicki; Father Tadeusz Styczeń, SDS; Stefan Swiezawski; Father Andrzej Szostek, MIC; and Sister Zofia Zdybicka, OSU.

  Elsewhere in Poland, I am happy to acknowledge the help of Halina Bortnowska; Maria Kotlarczyk Ćwikła; Piotr Dardziński; Bohdan Cywiński; Anna Karoń-Ostrowska; Piotr Kimla; Tadeusz Mazowiecki; Wojciech Ostrowski; Bishop Tadeusz Pieronek; Radek Sikorski; Monsignor Kazimierz Suder; Brother Viktor Tokarski, OFM; Adam Zamoyski; Krzysztof Zanussi; and Archbishop Józef Życiński.

  In the United States: My agent, Loretta Barrett, has been a great support throughout the project. Diane Reverand did a superb job of editing, assisted by Carolyn Fireside; they have my thanks, and should have the readers’. I am also grateful to Susan Llewellyn and Eleanor Mikucki for their meticulous production editing and copyediting, respectively. Ann Derstine and Ever Horan, my assistants during the project, were unfailingly gracious, organized an immense amount of material, did translations from the German, French, and Italian, juggled phone calls, faxes, and e-mails over six time zones, and kept my office in order during my frequent absences. Patrick Prisco also provided important research assistance, as did Kristina Fox. Thanks, too, to m
y colleagues at the Ethics and Public Policy Center, and particularly to my successor as the Center’s president, Elliott Abrams.

  Father Richard John Neuhaus helped me think through the project from the beginning; his reading and critique of the manuscript were extremely helpful.

  I am also in debt to Richard V. Allen; Robert Andrews; Susan Bailey; Monsignor Thomas Benestad; Zbigniew Brzeziński; Anna Carozza; Daniela Carozza; Father Romanus Cessario, OP; Thomas Crooks; Father Joseph Augustine DiNoia, OP; Father Avery Dulles, SJ; Fritz Ermarth; Mary Ann Glendon; Paul Henze; Cardinal James Hickey; Father David-Maria A. Jaeger, OFM; Cardinal William Keeler; M. Jean Kitchel; Father Joseph A. Komonchak; Cardinal Bernard Law; Joyce Little; Father John F. Long, SJ; Francis X. Maier; Father Michael Maslowsky; Brother Charles McBride, CSC; Father Vincent McMurry, SS; Father Seraphim Michalenko, MIC; Father J. Michael Miller, CSB; Irina and Thaddeus Mirecki; Victor Nakas; Father Jay Scott Newman; Louis J. Nigro, Jr.; Michael Novak; Jan Nowak; Cardinal John O’Connor; Father Vincent O’Keefe, SJ; Ethan Reedy; Mario Paredes; Magdalena Potocka; Rodger Potocki; the board of the Institute on Religion and Public Life; Father Ronald G. Roberson, CSP; Father Robert Sirico; Mary Catherine Sommers; John H. Weigel; and Herman Wouk.

  Elsewhere: I must also thank the late Bohdan Bociurkiw; Rémi Brague; Yigal Carmon; Archbishop Oscar Cruz; Jean Duchesne and his gracious family; Bishop Dominik Duka, OP; Monsignor Peter Elliott; Father Borys Gudziak; Shlomo Gur; Canon Gustaaf Joos; Archbishop Emery Kabongo; Cardinal Franz König; Cardinal Jean-Marie Lustiger; Jean-Luc Marion; Krzysztof Michalski; Cardinal Lucas Moreira Neves, OP; Cardinal Miguel Obando Bravo, SDB; Archbishop Karil Otčenašek; Father Hugo Pitel, O.Praem.; Monsignor Christian Precht; Cardinal Norberto Rivera Carrera; Ernesto Rivas-Gallont; Cardinal Christoph Schönborn, OP; Cardinal Jaime Sin; Anthony Sivers; Lawrence Uzzell and his colleagues at Keston News Service; Cardinal Miloslav Vlk; and the priests and parishioners of St. Jane Frances de Chantal Church in Bethesda, Maryland, for various forms of assistance and support.

  My profound thanks to my wife, Joan, and to our children, Gwyneth, Monica, and Stephen, for their love, and for their patience, perseverance, and support during this project. This book is dedicated to them.