The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich
Page 193
Berlin, University of, 98, 99, 110, 124, 241, 250, 251, 783
Berliner Arbeiterzeitung, 123
Berliner Boersenzeitung, 143, 698fn.
Berliner Tageblatt, 124, 245
Berlin Philharmonic Orchestra, 242
Berlin State Opera, 242, 284, 346
Bernadotte, Count Folke, 1114, 1116–17, 1122
Berne, 648–49, 1018
Bernstorff, Count Albrecht von, 374, 1025, 1073
Bessarabia, 541, 544, 794, 795, 800, 806
Best, Capt. S. Payne, 653–55, 692
Best, Dr. Werner, 271
Bethmann-Hollweg, Theobald von, 713
Bialystok, 853
Bible, banning of, 240
Biddle, A. J. Drexel, 688
Bieberback, Ludwig, 251
Birmingham, England, 453–54, 783
Bismarck, Otto, Prince von, 90, 94–98, 155, 174, 175, 186, 197, 200, 657, 1025, 1113
Bismarck, Otto Christian, Prince von, 851
Bismarck (Ger. battleship), 667, 668
Bismarck Youth, 154
Black Front, 148
“Black Reichswehr,” 65, 150
Black Sea, 549, 666, 805, 811, 823, 846, 847, 853, 859, 909
“Black Wednesday,” 404–8, 410
Blackshirts, see S. S.
Bláha, Dr. Frank, 984
Blaskowitz, Gen. Johannes, 1101
Blomberg, Erna Gruhn, 311–14
Blomberg, Gen. Werner von, 151, 183, 184, 207–8, 210, 211, 214, 215, 219, 220, 225, 235, 285fn., 290–93, 297, 303–5, 308, 310–20, 323, 332, 357, 374, 488
Blood Purge, 215–19, 268, 269, 271, 280, 392fn., 1056–57; see also Roehm, Ernst
“Bloody Week” in Berlin, 55
Bluecher (Ger. heavy cruiser), 702–3
Blum, Léon, 344, 352, 1074
Blumentritt, Gen. Guenther, 488, 734, 761, 852fn., 855, 859, 860, 863, 864, 868, 1038, 1041fn., 1075, 1076, 1082, 1090
Bock, Field Marshal Fedor von, 625, 626, 733, 755fn., 762, 853, 856, 859, 862–65, 869, 903fn., 905, 914
Bodelschwing, Pastor Friedrich von, 237
Bodenschatz, Gen. Karl, 999, 1054fn.
Boehm, Adm. Hermann, 529fn.
Boehm-Tettelbach, Lt. Col. Hans, 381
Boer War, 957
Boeselager, Col. Frh. von, 1019, 1072
Boetticher, Gen. Friedrich von, 684, 749fn.
Bogorodsk, 862
Boguchar, 928
Bohemia, 359, 362, 382, 402, 428, 429, 438, 440, 443, 444, 448, 449, 451, 460, 598, 657, 686, 991, 1032, 1129
Bohemia, Kingdom of, 358
Bologna, 1107
Bonham Carter, Lady, 784
Bonhoeffer, Pastor Dietrich, 374, 1017, 1024, 1072, 1073
Bonhoeffer, Klaus, 1073
Bonn government, 950fn., 965fn.
Bonnet, Georges, 389, 390, 408, 413–14, 437, 460, 536–37, 543fn., 604–5, 607–10, 612, 616–17, 642–43
Bono, Marshal Emilio de, 1005fn.
Bonte, Rear Adm. Fritz, 701, 707
book burning, 241
Boothby, Robert, 478fn.
Bordeaux, 738, 744–45
Borisov, 905
Bormann, Martin, 148–49, 240, 275, 406fn., 838, 938, 939, 941, 1062, 1104, 1112, 1116, 1117–18, 1120–21, 1123, 1126, 1127, 1128, 1129, 1130, 1132, 1133, 1134, 1135, 1136, 1137
Borovsk, 869
Bosch, Dr. Karl, 190
Bose, Herbert von, 218, 222
Bosporus, Strait of, 804, 807–10
Bottai, Giuseppe, 996
Boulogne, 728, 731, 761, 770, 772
Boy Scouts, 784
Bradley, Gen. Omar N., 1076, 1106fn.
Brandenburg, 93, 166, 1035, 1061, 1109, 1110
Brandenburg Gate, 5
Brandt, Col. Heinz, 1020–21, 1051, 1052, 1054
Brandt, Lt. Gen. Rudolf, 980
Bratislava, 440–41
Brauchitsch, Charlotte von, 319, 371fn.
Brauchitsch, Field Marshal Walther von, 214, 321, 542, 710, 816, 824, 1062; named Army C. in C, 319; and Czechosl. invasion plans, 365, 367, 368–69, 370–71, 378, 379; and anti-Hitler plot, 375, 407–8, 559–60, 647–51, 658–59, 670, 693–94, 1080; and Poland invasion plans, 462–63, 484, 496–97, 515fn., 516, 517, 531, 557, 591, 625, 627; and western offensive, 633, 640, 643–44, 647, 715, 718; and S.S. brutality in Poland, 660; and Weseruebung, 681; Dunkirk and stop order, 726–27, 731–34, 736; at Compiègne, 742, 743; made field marshal, 755fn.; and Britain invasion plans, 763, 764, 767, 768, 782; Russian campaign, 797, 810, 822, 831, 840, 846, 856–57, 858, 859; illness and “resignation,” 648, 861fn., 864, 866, 903fn.
Bräuer, Dr. Curt, 678fn., 698, 702–6, 709
Braun, Eva, 483fn., 1110–11, 1120, 1122–23, 1127, 1128, 1133, 1134
Braun, Gretl, 1121
Braunau am Inn, 6, 9
Bräutigam, Dr. Otto, 940–41
Breda, 722
Bredow, Countess Hanna von, 1025
Bredow, Gen. Kurt von, 222, 224, 225, 320
Bremen, 221, 222, 1105, 1107
Bremen, S. S., 768
Bremerhaven, 1141
Brenner Pass, 280, 337, 508, 552–53, 689, 690–91, 774, 815
Breslau, 211
Brest, 914
Brest Litovsk, 57, 542, 626, 628, 852fn., 948
Brighton, 762, 767
Bristol, 763, 783
Britain, 95, 97, 256, 306, 450, 957, 965; collective action with France and Italy, 280, 284–85, 288, 289, 296, 297, 307; appeasement policy: on German rearmament, 282–85, 287–89 (see also Anglo–German naval agreement); on Rhineland remilitarization, 290–95; on Italo-Ethiopian war, 289–90, 297; on Span, civil war, 299; on Anschluss, 324, 327, 330, 344–46, 353; on Czechoslovakia, 354, 360–427 passim, 443, 450–54, 544 (see also Munich Conference and Pact); joint policy with France, 283, 284, 287, 290, 293–94, 299, 307, 330, 384, 389, 396, 398, 454, 461, 465, 469, 501–4, 605–17; Hitler’s contempt for, 300, 306, 436, 518, 529; Hitler considers and plans war against, 298, 304, 307, 366, 368, 420, 467, 484–87, 498, 501, 508fn., 516, 520, 531, 566–67, 590, 600, 620–22; pact with Italy on Mediterranean, 301; policy toward U.S. S.R., 353, 361, 404, 460, 466, 478–81, 489–92, 494–96, 501–6, 513–16, 521, 523, 525, 526, 533–43, 550fn.; presses Czechs to appease Hitler, 360, 376–77, 388–90, 399, 402, 411, 417–18, 420–21; protests Nazi moves against Czechs, 364–65, 452–53; contacts with anti-Hitler Germans, 373, 380–82, 405, 424, 558, 648–50, 692–94, 1017–19, 1024, 1026, 1042; pledge of aid to Poland, 460, 464–66, 469, 472, 478, 481, 495, 506, 509–10, 514–18, 521, 526, 533–43, 545–54, 556–58, 561, 564, 569–89, 591–93, 596, 600–17, 634; pledges aid to Greece, Rumania, 469, 495; mobilization, war preparations, 545, 562, 595; and 1939 “peace negotiations,” 569–89, 601–4; ultimatum and declaration of war, 605–20; at war, 633, 666, 689, 698, 782, 807, 827, 854fn., 904, 995, 1036, 1087, 1099, 1105; ship losses, 635–38, 646, 669, 711, 737, 775, 901fn. (see also Atlantic, Battle of the; British Navy); German peace offers to, 639–42, 734–35, 746–57, 785, 790, 835–38, 1012, 1138–39; German attitude and strategy toward in war, 658, 669, 760, 763, 768, 770–71, 798, 804, 805, 809, 846, 849–50, 853, 871–74, 915, 954, 1124; joint strategy with France, 635, 643, 744–45; expeditionary force to Finland, 675, 682fn., involvement in Norway, 676–77, 679, 682fn., 694–96; invasion of, 752, 753, 756, 758–85, 797, 813, 816, 820, 873, 879, 1039; air operations against (Battle of Britain), 756, 763, 765, 769, 774–82, 809, 827, 850, 1009, 1040, 1098; German occupation plans for, 782–85, 791; Vichy war against, 815, 817, 923; Japanese war against, 872, 873, 877fn., 886–88, 892, 894, 895, 1007; alliance with Russia, 838, 847–48, 1011, 1033, 1098; in Mediterranean, 812–13, 816–18; U.S. aid to, 877, 880–83, 898, 900, 901
British Admiralty, 695–96, 702, 731, 735, 892
British Air Force (R.A.F.), 402, 635, 701, 752, 827, 914, 920, 991, 1019, 1040; in Battle of France, 724, 731, 736–38, 740fn.; in Battle of Britain, 759–61, 763, 764, 766, 767, 770, 772–81; bombin
g of Germany, 778, 779, 807–8, 934, 1008–9, 1010, 1068, 1100, 1110, 1115, 1117
British Army, 424, 510, 533, 618, 672, 682fn., 708, 716, 954–55, 1089, 1105; in France and Belgium, 542, 634, 635, 717, 718, 720, 723, 724, 727, 728, 730, 731, 736–38; Norway expedition, 696, 707, 708; defense against invasion, 763fn., 764, 767; in N. Africa, 818fn., 819, 827, 911–12, 919, 920; in Greece, 823, 826, 827; Normandy landings, 1033, 1038; in Germany, 1088, 1090, 1102, 1105, 1107, 1141
British Empire, 288, 306, 548–49, 569, 575, 734–35, 738, 747, 749, 752, 754, 757, 804, 806, 808, 815, 828, 829, 836, 910
British Intelligence, 363, 652–55, 787, 789, 1026
British Navy, 401, 402, 487, 554, 646, 669–70, 679, 701–2, 707, 723, 731, 737, 738, 817, 873, 922; blockade of Germany, 687–88, 701, 914; ship losses, 711, 737, 901fn.; defense against invasion, 759, 761, 763, 764, 766, 767, 770
British White Paper, 283
Brittany, 1076, 1085
Broadcasting House (Rundfunkhaus), 564, 595, 755, 1064
Brockdorff, Countess Erika von, 1043fn.
Brockdorff-Ahlefeld, Gen. Count Erich von, 375, 413
Brockdorff-Rantzau, Count Ulrich von, 494
Brown House, Munich, 121
Brownshirts, see S.A.
Bruckman, Hugo, 145
Brueckner, Lt. Wilhelm, 66, 279
Bruening, Heinrich, 56fn., 137, 138, 151–55, 157–64, 172, 174, 190, 195, 199, 216, 372
Bruenn, Czechoslovakia, 443
Brunswick, 157
Brussels, 672, 713, 1086
Bryans, J. Lonsdale (“Mr. X”), 692–93
Bryansk, 859
Bryant, Arthur, 730fn.
Buch, Maj. Walther, 122, 221, 430–31
Buchenwald, 272, 352–53, 948, 979, 983–84
Buchrucker, Major, 65
Bucovina, 794, 795, 800
Budapest, 1090fn., 1096
Budënny, Marshal Semën, 854, 857
Buehler, Dr. Josef, 966
Buelow-Schwante, Ambassador von, 652, 713–14
Buerckel, Josef, 441
Buergerbräukeller, see Beer Hall Putsch
Bug river, 626, 630, 746
Buhle, General, 1049
Bulgaria, 800, 801fn., 804, 805, 806, 807, 808, 809, 810, 817, 820, 823, 826, 839, 847, 1085
Bulge, Battle of the, 222fn., 954; see also Ardennes Forest
Bullitt, William C, 295, 688
Bullock, Alan, 200, 410fn., 1050fn.
Bund Deutscher Maedel, 120, 254
Bund Oberland, 70, 72, 73
Burckhardt, Dr. Carl, 424fn., 499
Burgdorf, Gen. Wilhelm, 1077–78, 1123, 1126, 1129, 1133, 1137
Burnett, Air Marshal Sir Charles, 503fn., 504fn.
Busch, Gen. Ernst, 762
Bussche, Capt. Axel von dem, 1027
Busse, General, 1109
Butcher, Capt. Harry C, 1001fn., 1004fn.
Buttlar-Brandenfels, Col. Frh. Treusch von, 922
Cadogan, Sir Alexander, 572, 583, 601, 611–12
Caen, 1037
Calais, 728, 731, 761, 770, 1038
Canada, 684fn., 754, 913
Canadian Army, 1086, 1088, 1090, 1102, 1105
Canaris, Adm. Wilhelm, 331, 374, 380fn., 405, 462, 467, 517, 518, 556, 558, 560, 596, 654, 659–61, 685fn., 1019, 1024, 1026, 1034, 1036, 1073
Canary Is., 813, 817, 879
Canned Goods,” 520, 595
Canterbury, Archbishop of, 344
Cape Verde Is., 817, 901
Cap Gris-Nez, 761
Caprivi de Caprara de Montecuccoli, Gen. Count Georg von, 175
Carinthia, 350
Carlyle, Thomas, 1108–10
Carl, Prince, of Denmark, see Haakon VII, King of Norway
Carls, Adm. Rolf, 673
Carol II, King of Rumania, 800fn.
Carpathian Mts., 1033
Carpatho-Ukraine, Republic of, 449
Carr, Edward Hallett, 481fn.
Casablanca Conference, 1033
Case Otto, 304, 335, 336, 342fn.; see also “Otto”
Case Richard, 304
Cases Green, White, Yellow, see Green; White; etc.
Caspian Sea, 909, 914
Catholic Action, 218, 223, 235
Catholic Trade Unions, 190, 202fn.
Catholic Youth League, 235, 253
Caucasia (the Caucasus), 832, 857, 859, 860, 865, 870, 909–12, 914–18, 928, 929
Caulaincourt, Marquis Armand de, 860
Cavour (It. battleship), 818fn.
Center Party, 55–56, 61, 137, 138, 157, 164, 166, 170, 173, 181, 186, 189, 190, 195, 196, 199, 201, 234
Central Security Office, see R.S.H.A.
Chagall, Marc, 244
Châlons-sur-Marne, 726
Chamberlain, Houston Stewart, 103–9
Chamberlain, Neville, 275, 283, 302, 382, 450, 544, 643, 649, 653, 657, 674, 679, 716, 779, 1018; condones Anschluss, 324, 332, 344–45, 353; “Munich” policy on Czechosl., 287, 354, 360, 364, 375–77, 381, 383–99, 401–27, 429, 435, 442–43, 448, 451, 453–54, 469, 531, 740, 814; policy toward U.S.S.R., 353, 476, 478–80, 489–90, 492, 495–96, 502–41, 543; opposes Hitler on Poland, 454, 460, 465, 466, 467, 517, 537, 545–47, 548fn., 549, 556–58, 562, 569, 572–73, 575, 579–80; 583, 836; warns Hitler, declares war, 608, 610–12, 615, 619; says Hitler “missed the bus,” 695; Churchill’s tribute to, 619
Chamberlain, Field Marshal Sir Neville Bowles, 104
Charles XII, King of Sweden, 812, 829
Charleville, 732
Chautemps, Camille, 344
Chelmno, 967
Cherbourg, 762, 770, 773, 1037, 1089
Chicago Daily News, 784fn.
Chicago Tribune, 894fn.
Choltitz, Gen. Dietrich von, 1085fn.
Christian X, King of Denmark, 695, 696, 698–700, 704fn.
Christian, Gen. Eckard, 1115
Christianity, 99, 102–3, 234, 239, 240
Christian Socialists, 22, 24, 350
Christiansand, 677, 702
Chuikov, Gen. Vasili I., 1135, 1137
Church and State, 234–40
Church Federation, 237
Church of England, 784
Church of Jesus Christ, 238
Church of the Old Prussian Union, 235
Churchill, Winston S., 294, 345fn., 406fn., 424, 493fn., 526, 543, 619, 634, 635, 636fn., 638, 642, 672, 731, 736fn., 737, 751fn., 755, 786, 787, 790, 804fn., 807fn., 809fn., 815fn., 8–35-38, 847fn., 874, 900, 901fn., 904, 1033fn., 1105; contact with anti-Nazis, 380, 558, 1017, 1026, 1042; criticizes Munich Pact, appeasement, 404, 420, 423, 426; for co-operation with Russia, 404, 479, 489, 795; strategy in Norway, 674, 695–96, 702, 707, 710–11; succeeds Chamberlain, 716; and French, Belgian surrender, 720, 724, 726, 729, 744; determination to fight on, 737–38, 746, 747, 749, 750–51; Hitler’s gibes at, 754, 779, 828, 1011, 1012; defense of Britain, 763fn., 768, 769, 777, 781, 782, 784, 785; appeals for U.S. aid, 828, 829; warns Stalin of Nazi attack, 843–44
Chvalkovsky, František, 437, 438, 444–47, 449fn.
Ciano, Edda, 1004–5
Ciano, Count Galeazzo, 436, 469–70, 562, 755, 780, 800, 803fn., 818fn., 845, 851, 854fn., 889, 890, 893, 912, 921, 923; meetings with Hitler, 298, 509–13, 640, 690–91, 735, 740–41, 751–52, 756, 774, 815, 816, 821, 823, 910–11, 923–24, 928–29; negotiation, pacts with Britain, 301, 450; mediation in Czech crisis, 408, 414, 415fn., 421; Pact of Steel negotiation, 482–83; and Italy’s reluctance to go to war, 508–13, 551–54, 565–67, 688–91; anti-German sentiment, 512, 551–54, 640, 665, 910; mediation efforts in Polish crisis, 588, 603, 604, 607, 608, 616; French armistice terms, 741; ousted as Foreign Minister, 995; in anti-Mussolini revolt, 996, 1004–5; executed, 1005