Wild Bill was awarded: ibid., pp. 63–70.
After the war Donovan: ibid., p. 70; Gentry, p. 134.
He was first drawn: Gentry, p. 134; Robin W. Winks, Cloak and Gown, p. 65.
“a common mick”: Brown, The Last Hero, p. 86.
“The law is the law… .”: ibid.
In 1924, Donovan was promoted: Miller, p. 240.
Donovan was pulled under: Brown, The Last Hero, p. 121.
Thus far, in their marriage: ibid., p. 78.
“He was soft-spoken… .”: Joseph E. Persico, Piercing the Reich, p. 6.
“The spy is as old as history… .”: Phillip Knightley, The Second Oldest Profession, p. 3.
“One good spy is worth… .”: ibid.
“dos’d themselves… .”: Andrew, p. 6.
“immediate and pressing Duties.”: ibid., p. 7.
“to establish a secret correspondence… .”: ibid.
President Abraham Lincoln: Knightley, p. 3.
The Confederates employed women: Norman Polmar and Thomas B. Allen, Spy Book, p. 566.
Sir Francis developed an organization: ibid., p. 589.
England’s lead in entering: Knightley, pp. 3–4.
America’s Office of Naval Intelligence: Polmar and Allen, Spy Book, p. 30.
“Gentlemen do not read… .”: ibid., pp. 606–607.
By the 1930s: Andrew, p. 92.
“a real undercover… .”: ibid.
“I could never really understand… .”: Sherwood, p. 882.
Secretary of State Hull might not: Jim Bishop, FDR’s Last Year, p. 90.
“You are one of the most difficult… .”: Robert Dallek, Franklin D. Roosevelt and American Foreign Policy, 1932–1945, p. vii.
“cryptic giant”: John Gunther, Roosevelt in Retrospect, p. 146.
“Later, as the psychologists… .”: ibid.
“[H]e simply liked mystery… .”: ibid., p. 50.
“Roosevelt had the courage of a lion… .”: ibid.
“[A]lthough crippled physically… .”: Sherwood, p. 882.
The President ate heartily: Goodwin, pp. 202–203.
chapter vii: spies versus ciphers
“seems to those of us… .”: William L. Shirer, The Rise and Fall of the Third Reich, p. 843.
They had worked out a system: ibid.
In early August 1940: James MacGregor Burns, Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom, pp. 71–72.
“grasp of world politics… .”: Shirer, p. 843.
Then his informant gave him: F. H. Hinsley, British Intelligence in the Second World War, vol. 1, p. 444.
They were, the bureau reported back: Shirer, p. 843.
FDR chose to be direct: ibid., p. 842.
“Mr. Ourmansky turned… .”: ibid., p. 843.
He called Hans Thomsen: David Brinkley, Washington Goes to War, p. 38.
On April 3, Churchill asked Cripps: Shirer, p. 843; Phillip Knightley, The Second Oldest Profession, p. 195.
On May 15, Sorge cabled: Lyman B. Kirkpatrick Jr., Captains Without Eyes, p. 62.
The Soviets’ best source in Switzerland: ibid., p. 61.
“who has a record… .”: PSF, May 16, 1941, Carter to FDR.
“The Germans are reported confident… .”: ibid.; Bradley F. Smith, Sharing Secrets with Stalin, p. 14.
“any statement Churchill might make… .”: Joseph P. Lash, Roosevelt and Churchill, p. 356.
“Not at all. I have only… .”: ibid., p. 357; Martin Gilbert, Winston S. Churchill, vol. 6, p. 1119.
“Nazi Germany as the dominant power… .”: Burns, Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom, p. 95.
Therefore, Russia had to try: ibid.
Within three hours Stalin: Kirkpatrick, p. 66.
For several days: Dmitri Volkogonov, Stalin, p. 409.
Magic meant, once again: Christopher Andrew, For the President’s Eyes Only, p. 105.
But who should deliver: Roberta Wohlstetter, Pearl Harbor, p. 176.
Intelligence that could determine: Andrew, p. 108.
The inanity increased in July 1941: Gordon Prange, At Dawn We Slept, p. 119.
He determined who got to see FDR.: Robert E. Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins, p. 207.
When Colonel Bratton informed: Andrew, p. 109; Prange, p. 119.
Fearing to contradict: Andrew, p. 109.
“[F]ather summoned me… .”: James Roosevelt, My Parents, p. 258.
“This must be completely confidential… .”: ibid.
“would do everything he could …”: ibid.
“Hang on until we get in”: ibid.
“If you speak publicly of it… .”: ibid.
“First, I told him… .”: Andrew, pp. 104, 107, 108.
“the product of a mind… .”: ibid., p. 108.
The Japanese had reason to believe: Ladislas Farago, The Game of the Foxes, p. 473.
“As communicated to me… .”: ibid., pp. 473–74.
“I have discovered that the United States… .”: Andrew, p. 109.
They continued to send: Farago, p. 474.
And because the Japanese: Doris Kearns Goodwin, No Ordinary Time, p. 265.
“There is more reason… .”: Andrew, p. 110.
After hurried consultations: ibid., p. 111.
The Prime Minister grabbed: F. W. Winterbotham, The Ultra Secret, p. 46; Jeffrey M. Dorwart, Conflict of Duty, p. 16.
The Germans calculated: Norman Polmar and Thomas B. Allen, Spy Book, pp. 192–93; David Kahn, Seizing the Enigma, p. 68.
The British quickly took the lead: Winterbotham, p. 31.
Among Turing’s associates were: Polmar and Allen, Spy Book, p. 74.
Ultra was the designation: Winterbotham, p. 46.
Eventually, over a thousand: Polmar and Allen, Spy Book, p. 80.
So paramount was secrecy: ibid., p. 74.
Churchill demanded to see: Winterbotham, p. 189.
What doomed Coventry was: Nigel West, A Thread of Deceit, pp. 10–17; David Stafford, Churchill and Secret Service, pp. 194, 195; Christopher Andrew and David Dilks, The Missing Dimension, p. 149.
In exchange, their Bletchley counterparts: Andrew, p. 107.
“were not as security minded… .”: John Costello, Days of Infamy, p. 305.
“divulging to the President… .”: ibid.
“devise any safe means… .”: ibid.
Britain’s eavesdropping on a friend: Andrew, p. 107.
chapter viii: donovan enters the game
“collect and analyze all information and data”: Norman Polmar and Thomas B. Allen, Spy Book, p. 135.
“to carry out when requested… .”: ibid., p. 135n189.
Ignoring civil service… .: Ray S. Cline, Secrets, Spies and Scholars, p. 42.
Conyers Read: Stanley Lovell, Of Spies and Stratagems, p. 183.
“It is a curious fact… .”: Cline, p. 41.
Gregg Toland: Ephraim Katz, The Film Encyclopedia, 3d ed., 1998, pp. 435–36.
“All who knew him and worked… .”: Curt Gentry, J. Edgar Hoover, p. 135.
After only three weeks: Thomas F. Troy, Donovan and the CIA, p. 110.
The bureau initially earmarked: Nathan Miller, Spying for America, p. 243.
payroll of ninety-two employees: Polmar and Allen, Spy Book, p. 135.
Within months the staff: Anthony Cave Brown, The Last Hero, p. 174.
Most of his funds were: ibid.
His staff first occupied: Cline, p. 42.
It was equipped with air conditioning: ibid., p. 57.
“closely resembled a cat house… .”: Brown, The Last Hero, p. 174.
As Life magazine put it: Troy, Donovan and the CIA, p. 94.
He pressured the Bureau of the Budget: Brown, The Last Hero, pp. 175–77.
He was further preparing to conduct: PSF Box 128; Bradley F. Smith, The Shadow Warriors, p. 93.
“This seems to be a matter… .”: M 1642, Reel 22, Frame 425.
“making the American people ripe… .”: PSF Box 128.<
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“… [S]ince the appearances of articles in… .”: ibid.
“Roosevelt has named the Colonel… .”: Brown, The Last Hero, p. 166.
“Mr. Donovan is now head of the Gestapo… .”: ibid., p. 791.
When he took his complaints: Gentry, p. 135.
“I stopped him from becoming AG… .”: ibid., p. 148.
A full year before: Leslie B. Rout Jr. and John F. Bratzel, The Shadow War, p. 37.
Well before Donovan signed up: Gentry, p. 264.
Running this worldwide network: ibid.
“[H]e goes to the White House… .”: Brown, The Last Hero, p. 159.
“more of a spoiled child… .”: ibid.
The FBI still controlled: Phillip Knightley, The Second Oldest Profession, pp. 32–35.
The penetration was so complete: Robert Louis Benson and Michael Warner, eds., VENONA, pp. 15–16.
These triumphs, which Hoover described: Charles Wighton and Gunter Peis, Hitler’s Spy and Saboteurs, p. 17.
“[A] thing like that ought not be given… .”: Athan Theoharis, ed., From the Secret Files of J. Edgar Hoover, p. 333.
“Anything that I said… .”: ibid., pp. 331–34.
Astor’s conversations with the director: ibid., p. 330.
“most dangerous file clerk”: NYT, Sept. 15, 1991.
“Roosevelt’s folly”: Miller, p. 244.
“There was no indication… .”: Adolf Berle Papers, Box 213, FDRL.
“into the entire motion picture industry… .”: ibid.
“what you ought to do… .”: Troy, Donovan and the CIA, p. 163.
“It appears that some question… .”: POF Box 4485.
“Wild Bill’s face got red …”: Ernest B. Furgurson, “Back Channels,” Washingtonian, vol. 31 (June 1996).
chapter ix: “our objective is to get america into the war”
“The heat in Washington… .”: Doris Kearns Goodwin, No Ordinary Time, p. 262.
Washington mythology had it: David Brinkley, Washington Goes to War, p. 23.
“There was nothing… .”: Goodwin, p. 262.
“told me that he was going… .”: ibid.
Getting a man confined to a wheelchair: Gordon Prange, December 7, 1941, p. 16.
“As Mr. Roosevelt made his first turn… .”: Eric Larrabee, Commander in Chief, p. 32.
Steaming toward the Augusta: Goodwin, p. 264.
“To some of my very pointed questions… .”: Irwin F. Gellman, Secret Affairs, p. 257.
“reasonably longer distances… .”: PSF Box 59.
Elliott, the first Roosevelt son: Current Biography 1946 (New York: Wilson 1947), p. 516.
His metal leg braces: William Doyle, Inside the Oval Office, p. 7.
As Churchill strode up the gangway: Suckley, Binder 20, p. 61.
Starling’s impersonation was the first time: John Gunther, Roosevelt in Retrospect, p. 45; Grace Tully, F.D.R., My Boss, p. 247.
“We have all been laughing… .”: Suckley, Binder 20, p. 57c.
“magnificent presence in all his youth… .”: Warren F. Kimball, The Juggler: Franklin Roosevelt as Wartime Statesman, p. 355.
He subsequently held: Goodwin, p. 33.
He took to soldiering: John Charmley, Churchill, p. 141.
“I am so devoured by egoism”: ibid.
“I don’t like standing near the edge… .”: Lord Moran, Churchill: Taken from the Diaries of Lord Moran, p. 179.
She was genteel, prudish: Suckley Papers, Wilderstein.
“He is a tremendously vital person… .”: Suckley, Binder 20, p. 61.
“… [A]ll that was romantic in [Churchill]… .”: David Stafford, Churchill and Secret Service, p. 6.
“free exchange of intelligence”: ibid., p. 200.
“Are we going to throw all our secrets …?”: ibid.
“I simply have not got enough Navy… .”: Goodwin, p. 265.
“the wrong war… .”: ibid.
Their first objective: Gellman, p. 258.
Roosevelt and Churchill had agreed: Frank Freidel, Franklin D. Roosevelt, p. 387.
These goals were to follow: Goodwin, p. 266.
Britain’s sea losses: David Grubin Productions, “FDR,” The American Experience, PBS.
1“Our objective is to get the Americans… .”: Thomas F. Troy, Wild Bill and Intrepid, pp. 63, 229; Troy, The Coordinator of Information and British Intelligence, p. 88.
“was obviously determined to come in… .”: Freidel, p. 387.
Three weeks after the Atlantic conference: Gellman, p. 257.
The U-boat’s captain: Jeffrey M. Dorwart, The Office of Naval Intelligence, p. 258.
The Greer then fired several depth charges: James MacGregor Burns, Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom, p. 139.
Since the U-boat had remained: Gellman, p. 259.
When her sister was stranded in Europe: Gunther, pp. 162–63.
The loss of his mother: Robert Thompson, A Time for War, p. 353.
Wearing a light gray seersucker suit: Burns, p. 140.
“The United States destroyer Greer. . . .”: ibid.
“It is clear… .”: Gellman, p. 354.
He meant that American warships: Burns, Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom, p. 141.
“… [W]hen you see a rattlesnake poised… .”: ibid.
“to subvert the government …”: Christopher Andrew, For the President’s Eyes Only, p. 102.
“Hitler will have to choose… .”: Thompson, p. 355.
“There is no longer any difference… .”: ibid.
Six weeks later, on October 27: Tully, p. 33.
On the dais, the President: Thompson, pp. 356–57.
The President seized on the incident: Nathan Miller, Spying for America, p. 246.
“We have wished to avoid shooting… .”: Burns, Roosevelt: The Soldier of Freedom, p. 147.
“Hitler has often protested… .”: Thompson, p. 357.
“a principal agent for Germany… .”: Leslie B. Rout Jr. and John F. Bratzel, The Shadow War, pp. 32–33.
An MI6 report: ibid., pp. 26–27.
The American military, at that point: Miller, p. 229.
“has on it certain manuscript notations… .”: Thompson, pp. 357–58.
Wheeler’s suspicions: William Stevenson, A Man Called Intrepid, p. 299.
“Where did it originate?”: ibid., p. 298.
The map’s provenance: Thompson, p. 359; Stevenson, p. 297.
Sandstede, however, was not murdered: Thompson, p. 358.
“Air Traffic Grid of the United States …”: ibid., pp. 358–59; Troy, The Coordinator, p. 149.
The letter from the Bolivian attaché: Andrew, p. 102.
“manufacturing documents detailing… .”: Thompson, p. 360.
The answer clearly lies: Goodwin, p. 282.
The truth was that since June 1941: F. H. Hinsley, British Intelligence in the Second World War, vol. 2, p. 174.
Further, Hitler had not: Thompson, p. 244.
On November 8, after a close House tally: Goodwin, p. 283.
That same month a Gallup poll: Gellman, p. 252.
“German and Russian militarism… .”: Bradley F. Smith, The Shadow Warriors, p. 87.
FDR’s least recognized agent: Jeffrey M. Dorwart, Conflict of Duty, p. 168.
Within days, he delivered: Wayne S. Cole, Charles A. Lindbergh and the Battle Against American Intervention in World War II, p. 131.
Lindbergh, the President explained: ibid.
“about the whole problem… .”: Dorwart, Conflict of Duty, pp. 168–69.
“Conditions both within and without… .”: The “Magic” Background of Pearl Harbor, vol. 1, February 14, 1941–May 12, 1941, p. A-12.
“There are still Japanese… .”: PSF Box 84.
But American-born Japanese: ibid.
“Your reporter … is horrified… .”: ibid.
“[I]mmediate arrests may be required.”: PSF Box 97.
If negotiations between
America: Hinsley, vol. 2, p. 76.
Within the War Department: Charles Higham, American Swastika, p. 135.
Officers who thought: FBI Report, Dec. 5, 1941.
“Aren’t you afraid of delivering …?”: Higham, p. 140.
“a right to know… .”: ibid.
“Wedemeyer spent two years in Germany… .”: FBI Report, Dec. 5, 1941.
“the greatest mind… .”: Higham, American Swastika, p. 141.
FDR’S WAR PLANS!: ibid.
“… President Roosevelt calls… .”: ibid., pp. 141–42.
“What would you think …?”: ibid., pp. 144–45.
chapter x: catastrophe or conspiracy
“Mr. President, it looks as if… .”: William Doyle, Inside the Oval Office, p. 35.
“My God, there’s another wave… .”: ibid.
“His chin stuck out… .”: ibid.
“… [W]e received indications… .”: ibid., p. 36.
“… [T]hey were to agree to cease… .”: ibid.
“equalled only by the Japanese… .”: ibid.
“It looks as if out of eight… .”: ibid., p. 37.
“demonstrated that ultimate capacity… .”: ibid., p. 38.
Senator Tom Connally of Texas: ibid., p. 39.
“They will never be able… .”: Ronald H. Spector, Eagle Against the Sun, p. 93.
“… If there is anyone I… .”: Jeffrey M. Dorwart, Conflict of Duty, p. 172.
He had summoned the COI chief: Day-by-Day, Dec. 8, 1941.
“Colonel William Donovan, come… .”: Thomas F. Troy, Donovan and the CIA, p. 116.
Stacks of books: Doyle, p. 26; John Gunther, Roosevelt in Retrospect, p. 362.
Gathering dust in one corner: Robert E. Sherwood, Roosevelt and Hopkins, pp. 203–204.
Removed from the President’s desk: Doris Kearns Goodwin, No Ordinary Time, p. 289; Sherwood, p. 430.
“Never have I seen one… .”: Joseph E. Persico, Edward R. Murrow, p. 194.
“We’re all in the same boat now”: ibid.
“They caught our ships like lame ducks! …”: Anthony Cave Brown, The Last Hero, p. 6.
Nearly 350 planes had been destroyed: Eric Larrabee, Commander in Chief, pp. 168–69.
“They caught our planes … !”: Persico, Edward R. Murrow, p. 194.
“It’s a good thing… .”: Troy, Donovan and the CIA, p. 116.
“A member of my Embassy… .”: The “Magic” Background of Pearl Harbor, vol. 1, February 14, 1941–May 12, 1941, p. 5.
“Indications seem to be… .”: ibid.
“that adoption and application… .”: Larrabee, p. 84.
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