Goddess: The Secret Lives of Marilyn Monroe

by Anthony Summers

  Slatzer, Robert. The Life and Curious Death of Marilyn Monroe. London: W. H. Allen, 1975.

  Smith, Milburn. Marilyn. New York: Barven, 1971.

  Spada, James, with George Zeno. Monroe: Her Life in Pictures. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1982.

  Sperigilo, Milo. Marilyn Monroe: Murder Cover-Up. Van Nuys, Calif.: Seville, 1982.

  —. The Marilyn Conspiracy. New York: Pocket, 1986.

  Stern, Bert. The Last Sitting. London: Orbis, 1982.

  Wagenknecht, Edward, ed. Marilyn Monroe: A Composite View. New York: Chilton, 1969.

  Weatherby, W. J. Conversations with Marilyn. London: Robson Books, 1976.

  Zolotow, Maurice. Marilyn Monroe. London: W. H. Allen, 1961.

  General

  Adams, Cindy. My Friend the Dictator. New York: Bobbs-Merrill, 1967.

  —. The Imperfect Genius. New York: Doubleday, 1980.

  Alleged Assassination Plots Involving Foreign Leaders. Interim Report of the Select Committee to Study Governmental Operations, with Respect to Intelligence Activities. U.S. Senate. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1975.

  Allen, Maury. Where Have You Gone, Joe DiMaggio? The Story of America’s Last Hero. New York: Dutton, 1975.

  Arnold, William. Frances Farmer, Shadowland. New York: Berkley, 1978.

  Bacall, Lauren. By Myself. London: Jonathan Cape, 1978.

  Bacon, James. Hollywood Is a Four-Letter Town. New York: Avon, 1976.

  —. Made in Hollywood. Chicago: Contemporary, 1977.

  Bentley, Eric, ed. Thirty Years of Treason, Excerpts from Hearings before the House Committee on Un-American Activities, 1938–1968. New York: Viking, 1971.

  Berle, Milton. An Autobiography. New York: Delacorte, 1974.

  Bigsby, Christopher. Arthur Miller: 1915–1962. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 2008.

  Blair, Clay, Jr, and Joan. The Search for J. F. K. New York: Putnam, 1976.

  Blakey, Robert G., and Richard N. Billings. The Plot to Kill the President. New York: Times Books, 1981.

  Bonanno, Joseph, with Sergio Lalli. A Man of Honor: The Autobiography of Joseph Bonanno. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1983.

  Bosworth, Patricia. Montgomery Clift. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1979.

  Brashler, William. The Don: The Life and Death of Sam Giancana. New York: Ballantine, 1977.

  Bryant, Traphes, and Frances Spatz Leighton. Dog Days at the White House. London: Collier Macmillan, 1975.

  Capote, Truman. Music for Chameleons, New Writing. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1981.

  —. The Dogs Bark, Public People and Private Places. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1981.

  Chapman, Gil and Ann. Who’s Listening Now? San Diego: Publishers Export, 1967.

  Clinch, Nancy Gager. The Kennedy Neurosis. New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1973.

  Cogley, John. Blacklisting: (Movies, Vol. I, and Radio & Television, Vol. II). Fund for the Republic, 1956.

  Cohen, Mickey, as told to John Peer Nugent. In My Own Words: The Underworld Autobiography of Michael ‘Mickey’ Cohen. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1975.

  Collier, Peter, and David Horowitz. The Kennedys. London: Secker & Warburg, 1984.

  Corrigan, Robert W., ed. Arthur Miller: A Collection of Critical Essays. London: Prentice Hall, 1969.

  Dallas, Rita, with Jeanira Ratcliffe. The Kennedy Case. New York: Popular Library, 1973.

  Davis, Deborah. Katharine the Great: Katharine Graham and The Washington Post. New York: Harcourt Brace Jovanovich, 1979.

  Davis, Sammy, Jr. Yes, I Can. London: Cassell, 1965.

  —. Hollywood in a Suitcase. London: Granada Publishing, 1980.

  De Gregorio, George. Joe DiMaggio: An Informal Biography. New York: Stein & Day, 1981.

  Demaris, Ovid. The Last Mafioso. New York: Times Books, 1981.

  De Toledano, Ralph. R.F.K.: The Man Who Would Be President. New York: Putnam, 1967.

  —. J. Edgar Hoover: The Man in His Time. New Rochelle, N.Y.: Arlington, 1973.

  Dick, Bernard F. Billy Wilder. Boston: Twayne, 1980.

  Dunleavy, Stephen, and Peter Brennan. Those Wild, Wild Kennedy Boys! New York: Pinnacle, 1976.

  Easty, Edward Dwight. On Method Acting. Orlando, Fla.: The House of Collectibles, 1981.

  Epstein, Morella and Edward Z. Lana. New York: Dell, 1971, 1982.

  Exner, Judith, as told to Ovid Demaris. My Story. New York: Grove, 1977.

  Farberow, Norman L., and Edwin S. Schneidman, eds. The Cry for Help. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1961.

  Feinman, Jeffrey. Hollywood Confidential. Chicago: Playboy, 1976.

  Field, Frederick Vanderbilt. From Left to Right, An Autobiography. Westport, Conn.: Lawrence Hill & Co., 1983.

  Fisher, Eddie. Eddie: My Life, My Loves. London: W. H. Allen, 1982.

  Frank, Gerold. Judy. London: W. H. Allen, 1975.

  Gage, Nicholas. The Mafia Is Not an Equal Opportunity Employer. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1971.

  Gehman, Richard. Sinatra and His Rat Pack. New York: Belmont, 1961.

  Giancana, Antoinette, and Thomas C. Renner. Mafia Princess. London: Allen & Unwin, 1984.

  Goodman, Ezra. The Fifty-Year Decline and Fall of Hollywood. New York: MacFadden, 1962.

  Graham, Sheilah. Scratch an Actor. London: W. H. Allen, 1969.

  —. My Hollywood. London: Michael Joseph, 1984.

  Guiles, Fred Lawrence. Marion Davies. London: W. H. Allen, 1973.

  Gussow, Mel. Darryl F. Zanuck: Don’t Say Yes Until I’ve Finished Talking. London: W. H. Allen, 1972.

  Hamblett, Charles. Who Killed Marilyn Monroe? London: Leslie Frewin, 1966.

  Harris, Radie. Radie’s World. London: W. H. Allen, 1975.

  Head, Edith, and Paddy Calistro. Edith Head’s Hollywood. New York: Dutton, 1983.

  Hougan, Jim. Spooks: The Haunting of America — The Private Use of Secret Agents. London: W. H. Allen, 1979.

  Hunt, Irma. The President’s Mistresses. New York: McGraw-Hill, 1978.

  Huston, John. An Open Book. London: Macmillan, 1981.

  Hyams, Joe. Mislaid in Hollywood. New York: Wyden, 1973.

  Israel, Lee. Kilgallen. New York: Dell, 1979.

  Johnson, Dorris, and Ellen Leventhal, eds. The Letters of Nunnally Johnson. New York: Knopf, 1981.

  Kanin, Garson. Hollywood. London: Hart-Davis MacGibbon, 1975.

  Kennedy, Robert F. The Enemy Within. New York: Harper & Row, 1960.

  Kiernan, Thomas. Olivier. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1981.

  Klurfeld, Herman. Winchell: His Life and Times. New York: Praeger, 1976.

  Knef, Hildegard. The Gift Horse. London: André Deutsch, 1971.

  LaGuardia, Robert. Montgomery Clift. London: W. H. Allen, 1973.

  Lambert, Gavin. On Cukor. London: W. H. Allen, 1973.

  Lasky, Victor. It Didn’t Start with Watergate. New York: Dial, 1977.

  Leary, Timothy. Flashbacks: An Autobiography. Los Angeles: Tarcher, 1984.

  —. Life Goes to the Movies. New York: Time-Life Books, 1975.

  Logan, Joshua. Movie Stars, Real People, and Me. New York: Delacorte, 1978.

  Madsen, Axel. Billy Wilder. London: Secker & Warburg, 1968.

  Manchester, William. The Glory and the Dream: A Narrative History of America. London: Michael Joseph, 1975.

  Martin, Ralph G. A Hero for Our Time. New York: Macmillan, 1983.

  Martin, Robert A., ed. Theater Essays of Arthur Miller. London: Penguin, 1978.

  Marvin, Susan. The Women Around R.F.K. New York: Lancer, 1967.

  Masters, George, and Norma Lee Browning. The Masters Way to Beauty. New York: Dutton, 1977.

  Mazzola, Reparata, and Sonny Gibson. Mafia Kingpin. New York: Grosset & Dunlap, 1981.

  Meaker, M. J. Sudden Endings. New York: Doubleday, 1964.

  Mellen, Joan. Pyramid Illustrated History of the Movies. New York: Pyramid, 1973.

  Messick, Hank. The Mob in Show Business. New York: Pyramid, 1973.

  Michaelis, David. The Best of Friends: Profiles of Ext
raordinary Friendships. New York: Morrow, 1983.

  Miller, Arthur, The Misfits. London: Secker & Warburg, 1961.

  —. Death of a Salesman. London: Heinemann Educational, 1968.

  —. I Don’t Need You Any More (stories). London: Secker & Warburg, 1967.

  —. After the Fall. London: Secker & Warburg, 1965.

  —. Collected Plays, Vol. II. London: Secker & Warburg, 1981.

  Miller, William. ‘Fishbait,’ as told to Frances Spatz Leighton. The Memoirs of the Congressional Doorkeeper. Englewood Cliffs, N.J.: Prentice-Hall, 1977.

  Moldea, Dan E. The Hoffa Wars. London: Paddington Press, 1979.

  Mordden, Ethan. Movie Star: A Look at the Women Who Made Hollywood. New York: St. Martin’s, 1983.

  Morella, Joe and Edward Z. Epstein. Lana: The Public and Private Lives of Miss Turner. London: W. H. Allen, 1983.

  Muir, Florabel. Headline Happy. New York: Holt, 1950.

  Navasky, Victor. Kennedy Justice. New York: Atheneum, 1971.

  Negulesco, Jean. Things I Did and Things I Think I Did: A Hollywood Memoir. New York: Linden, 1984.

  Newfield, Jack. Robert F. Kennedy: A Memoir. London: Jonathan Cape, 1970.

  Noguchi, Thomas T., with Joseph DiMona. Coroner to the Stars. London: Corgi, 1984.

  O’Grady, John, and Nolan Davis. O’Grady. Los Angeles: Tarcher, 1974.

  Olivier, Laurence. Confessions of an Actor. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1982.

  Otash, Fred. Investigation Hollywood. Chicago: Regnery, 1976.

  Paar, Jack. P.S. Jack Paar. New York: Doubleday, 1983.

  Parish, James Robert. The Fox Girls. New York: Arlington House, 1971.

  Parks, Lillian Rogers, with Frances Spatz Leighton. My Thirty Years Backstairs at the White House. New York: Avon, 1961.

  Parmet, Herbert S. Jack, The Struggles of John F. Kennedy. New York: Dial, 1980.

  —. JFK, The Presidency of John F. Kennedy. London: Penguin, 1984.

  Parsons, Louella. Tell It to Louella. New York: Putnam, 1961.

  Payne, Graham, and Sheridan Morley, eds. The Noel Coward Diaries. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1982.

  Peary, Danny. Close-Ups. New York: Galahad, 1981.

  Powers, Thomas. The Man Who Kept the Secrets: Richard Helms and the CIA. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1980.

  Reid, Ed. The Grim Reapers. Chicago: Regnery, 1969.

  —. Mickey Cohen: Mobster. New York: Pinnacle, 1973.

  Report of the Select Committee on Assassinations. U.S. House of Representatives, Ninety-fifth Congress. Washington, D.C.: U.S. Government Printing Office, 1979.

  Rivkin, Allen, and Laura Kerr. Hello, Hollywood. New York: Doubleday, 1962.

  Robinson, Edward G. All My Yesterdays. London: W. H. Allen, 1974.

  Rosten, Leo. Captain Newman, M.D. New York: Harper & Row, 1961.

  Saunders, Frank, with James Southwood. Torn Lace Curtain. London: Sidgwick & Jackson, 1983.

  Scheim, David E. Contract on America: The Mafia Murders of John and Robert Kennedy. Silver Spring, Md.: Argyle, 1983.

  Schickel, Richard. The Stars. New York: Dial, 1962.

  Schlesinger, Arthur M., Jr. John F. Kennedy in the White House. London: Andre Deutsch, 1965.

  —. Robert Kennedy and His Times. London: André Deutsch, 1978.

  Sciacca, Tony. Kennedy and His Women. New York: Manor, 1976.

  —. Sinatra. New York: Pinnacle, 1976.

  —. Screen Greats Vol. II. New York: Starlog Press, 1980.

  Selznick, Irene Mayer. A Private View. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1983.

  Shaw, Arnold. Sinatra: Twentieth-Century Romantic. New York: Pocket Books, 1969.

  Sheridan, Walter. The Fall and Rise of Jimmy Hoffa. New York: Saturday Review Press, 1972.

  Signoret, Simone. Nostalgia Isn’t What It Used to Be. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1978.

  Skolsky, Sidney. Don’t Get Me Wrong, I Love Hollywood. New York: Putnam, 1975.

  Smith, Joseph Burkholder. Portrait of a Cold Warrior. New York: Putnam, 1976.

  Spindel, Bernard B. The Ominous Ear. New York: Award House, 1968.

  Stempel, Tom. Screenwriter: The Life and Times of Nunnally Johnson. London: Tantivy Press, 1980.

  Strasberg, Susan. Bitter Sweet. New York: Putnam, 1980.

  Sullivan, William C., with Bill Brown. The Bureau: My Thirty Years in Hoover’s F.B.I. New York: Norton, 1979.

  Summers, Anthony. Conspiracy. London: Victor Gollancz, 1980.

  Talese, Gay. Thy Neighbor’s Wife. London: William Collins, 1980.

  Teresa, Vincent. My Life in the Mafia. London: Hart-Davis MacGibbon, 1973.

  Thomas, Bob. Winchell. New York: Doubleday, 1971.

  Thompson, Nelson. The Dark Side of Camelot. Chicago: Playboy, 1976.

  Tierney, Gene, with Mickey Herskowitz. Self Portrait. New York: Wyden, 1979.

  Ungar, Sanford J. F.B.I. Boston: Little, Brown, 1976.

  Wagenknecht, Edward. As Far as Yesterday, Memories and Recollections. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1968.

  —. Seven Daughters of the Theater. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1964.

  Walker, Alexander. The Celluloid Sacrifice. London: Michael Joseph, 1966.

  Wallace, Irving; Amy Wallace; David Wallechinsky; and Sylvia Wallace. The Intimate Sex Lives of Famous People. London: Arrow Books, Hutchinson, 1982.

  Warner, R. H., Chief Special Agent, General Telephone Co. Wireless Electronic Surveillance, Handbook for Investigators.

  Wilkie, Jane. Confessions of an Ex-Fan Magazine Writer. New York: Doubleday, 1981.

  Wills, Garry. The Kennedy Imprisonment. New York: Pocket Books, 1981, 1982.

  Wilson, Earl. The Show Business Nobody Knows. London: W. H. Allen, 1972.

  —. Show Business Laid Bare. New York: Putnam, 1975.

  —. Sinatra. London: W. H. Allen, 1976.

  —. Hot Times: True Tales of Hollywood and Broadway. New York: Contemporary Books, 1984.

  Winters, Shelley. Shelley. London: Granada Publishing, 1981.

  Wofford, Harris. Of Kennedys and Kings. New York: Farrar, Straus & Giroux, 1980.

  Yeats, W. B. Selected Poetry. London: Pan Books, 1974.

  Zolotow, Maurice. Billy Wilder in Hollywood. London: W. H. Allen, 1977.

  Notes

  IN THE FOLLOWING NOTES, books are indicated by the author’s name, or name and a short title if there is more than one book by the same author. All interviews are indicated by the abbreviation int. and were conducted by the author, unless otherwise designated.

  Chapter 1

  3 August 4, 1962, scene: int. Natalie Jacobs, 1985.

  3 Coverage: Hollywood Citizen-News, Dec. 31, 1962.

  3 District Attorney inquiry: int. Assistant District Attorney Ronald Carroll and Investigator Alan Tomich, 1983.

  4 Mailer: int., 1985.

  5 Last interview: Richard Meryman, Life, Aug. 3, 1962.

  5 Geminis: Weatherby, 112.

  6 Mother today: Film Comment, Sept. 1982; National Enquirer, 1982; int. James Haspiel, 1983.

  6 Gladys’s birth: marriage certificate, in Slatzer, 351.

  6 MM birth: certificate, in Slatzer, 347.

  6 Mortenson: Photoplay, Dec. 1962; Los Angeles Daily News and The Register, Feb. 13, 1981 (on death of a Mortenson); corr. MM genealogist Roy Turner, 1983.

  6 MM denies Mortenson: Hedda Hopper, int. transcript, March 10, 1953 (Zolotow collection). See also Dougherty, 73; Skolsky, Don’t Get Me Wrong, 220.

  6 Gifford: Guiles, Norma Jean, 7.

  7 Gable: Guiles, Norma Jean, 38; int. Hildi Greenson, 1983; Empire News (London), May 9, 1954.

  7 Official form: int. Marjorie Stengel, 1983.

  7 Forebears: data supplied by Monroe genealogist Roy Turner; Guiles, Norma Jean, 16; Empire News, May 9, 1954.

  7 Genetic risk from syphilis: int. Dr Burke Cunha, infectious disease specialist, and Dr Yehudi Fehnan, clinical professor of dermatology, both of New York City.

  7 Delia ‘smothered’ MM: Arthur Mil
ler, in Guiles, Norma Jean, 14.

  8 Mother ‘not mad’: int. Inez Melson, 1983.

  8 ‘Atheist Jew’: int. Hildi and Joan Greenson, 1983.

  10 Psychiatrists: corr. Dr Ruth Bruun, Dr Bertel Bruun, and Dr Valérie Shikhverg, all of New York, 1985.

  10 Shikhverg: corr. and int. 1985.

  Chapter 2

  13 ‘Arrival at school’: Empire News, May 16, 1954.

  13 Hecht: Empire News, May 2–Aug. 1, 1954.

  13 Controversy: George Carpozi, New York Post, June 21, 1974; Los Angeles Herald-Examiner, Sept. 1, 1954.

  15 Dougherty marriage: Dougherty; Lytess; Wilkie, 126ff, 172ff; Empire News, May 16, 1954.

  17 MM in factory: Empire News, May 16, 1954.

  18 Conover: Conover, opening chapters; int. David Conover, 1983; Modern Screen, July 1954; Georges Belmont, int. Monroe, Jours de France, 1960.

  18 Figure (fn.): Palmer 12; Donald Zec, London Daily Express, Aug. 6, 1962; int. Billy Travilla, 1983.

  20 Acting: Empire News, May 23, 1954.

  20 MM explores Hollywood: Empire News, May 23, 1954.

  Chapter 3

  21 MM on Norma Jean: Empire News, May 16, 1954.

  21 ‘Faithful’: Empire News, May 16, 1954.

  21 Dougherty trust: Dougherty, 86.

  22 MM in 1960: Jaik Rosenstein, Hollywood Close-Up, May 17, 1974.

  22 De Dienes: Dougherty, 93–95; corr. André de Dienes, 1984; Jack Smith, Los Angeles Times, Aug. 8, 1962; Mailer, Marilyn, 76ff.; Hudson, 36.

  24 Conover: int., 1983; int. Robert Markel, formerly of Grosset & Dunlap, 1984.

  24 Lembourn: Lembourn; corr. Mrs Norman Nordstrand, 1984; New York Times, June 3, 1979; James Haspiel, Films in Review, Aug./Sept. 1979.

  24 Jean-Louis: int., 1983.

  25 MM on men in Hollywood: Empire News, May 16, 1954.

  26 ‘Call-girl’: Adams, Imperfect Genius, 253; Strasberg, in Swank, Aug. 1980; int. Cindy Adams, 1985.

  26 Pepitone: int., 1984; Pepitone and Stadiem, 80.

  26 Halsman: Popular Photography, June 1953 and Jan. 1956.

  27 First sex: Skolsky, Don’t Get Me Wrong, 222

  27 Shearer: Parade, Aug. 5, 1973.

  28 Rape (MM version): Empire News, May 9, 1954.

  28 Feury: int., 1983.

  29 Rosenstein: Hollywood Close-Up, May 17, 1974.

  29 Greenson: corr. colleague, 1960.

  30 Nightmare: Dougherty, 34.

  30 Freud: New York Times, Science Supplement, Jan. 24, 1984.