Before the Dawn: Recovering the Lost History of Our Ancestors
Page 40
female bond with
joint human-chimp ancestor
size of
Man-Eating Myth, The (Arens)
Manners, John
Mao Tse-tung
Marcus, Joyce
Maring society
Marlowe, Frank
marriage
Matisoff, James
matrilocality
Mayans
Mead, Simon
meat-eating
medicine
Mediterranean
Melanesia
melanocortin receptor gene
Mellars, Paul
Mesopotamia
Mexican Americans
Mexico
mice
microcephalin
Micronesia
Middle East
Middle Paleolithic age
Middle Stone Age
migrations, lineages and
milk, lactose tolerance and
Miller, Geoffrey
Mitani, John
mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA)
African exodus and
of Andamanese
of Australia and New Guinea inhabitants
British
climate and
in dating arrival of immigrants into Americas
in dating arrival of immigrants into Europe
of dogs
family tree and geographical distribution of
genealogies and
genetic drift and
of Hadzabe people
of Icelanders
in Jewish communities
of !Kung people
mutations in
of Neanderthals
of Oromo and Amhara peoples
race and
Mitterrand, François
Monaco, Anthony
Mongol empire
Mongolians
mongoloid peoples
monkeys
language and
social grooming among
vervet
monogamy
Morgan, David
Mountain, Joanna mutations
founder effect and
genetic drift and
in mitochondrial DNA
neutral variations
quick fixes and
silent
in Y chromosome
nakedness
Native Americans, see American Indians
natural selection
positive and negative
speed of
Nature
Nature Genetics
Natufians
Neanderthals (Homo neanderthalensis)
Aurignacians and
brain size of
DNA extracted from fossils of
extinction of
in family tree
language and
modern humans’ interactions with
skin color of
territory of
tools of
Upper Paleolithic culture and
Neolithic age
language and
pottery and figurines from
warfare in
neutral variations
New England Journal of Medicine
New Guinea
cannibalism in
languages in
ritual in
technological development in
warfare in
Newman, Paul
Newmeyer, Frederick
New Zealand
Nichols, Johanna
Nimoy, Leonard
Nisbett, Richard E.
Nishida, Toshisada
nose
sense of smell
Oaxacan people
obesity
Oceania
Olduwan tools
On the Origin of Species (Darwin)
Oppenheimer, Stephen
orangutans
Oromo people
oxytocin
Pääbo, Svante
Pacific Islanders
Pagel, Mark
pair bonding
Pakistan
paleoanthropologists
language development and
Paleolithic periods
see also Upper Paleolithic culture
parasites
paternity
patrilocality
pedomorphic evolution
Peltonen, Leena
Peterson, Dale
Peterson, Merrill
phenotype and genotype
phi-hHaA gene
Philippines
pidgins
Pinker, Steven
Pleistocene epoch
polygamy
Polynesia
Popovich, Bradley
population geneticists
pottery and figurines, LBK
prehistory
primates:
language and
societies of
sperm production in
see also apes; monkeys
primatologists
prions
proteins
Psammetichus, King
psychologists, evolutionary
Pusey, Anne
pygmy stature
race(s)
defining based on continent of origin
disease and medicine and
DNA and
emergence of
endogamy and
ethnic groups within
genetic basis for
genotype and phenotype among
geography and development levels and
intelligence and
intermarriage and
scientific views of
skin color and
as social concept
sports and
Radcliffe-Brown, Alfred
Rappaport, Roy
reciprocity
Redmonds, George
Red Sea
Reed, David
Relethford, John
religion
freeloaders and
genetic basis for
Renfrew, Colin
Richards, Martin
Risch, Neil
Rogers, Alan
Ruhlen, Merritt
Ruiz-Linares, Andres
Russia
Sahul
Salamini, Francesco
Sandawe
San people
!Kung San
Santachiara-Benerecetti, Silvana
sapient paradox
Sapir, Edward
Savolainen, Peter
Scandinavia
Schwartz, Glenn
Schwartz, Robert S.
Seabright, Paul
Seielstad, Mark
Semino, Ornella
Senghas, Ann
Serpell, James
settlement (sedentism)
agriculture and, see agriculture
domestication and, see domestication
modern mind and
of Natufians
period prior to
surpluses and
see also sociality, social behaviors
Seven Daughters of Eve, The (Sykes)
sexual behaviors
of bonobos
of chimpanzees
human mating habits
infidelity
privatization of
sperm production and
sexual selection
body hair and
fitness indicators and
intersexual and intrasexual
language and
politics and
skin color and
sheep
Shriver, Mark
Siberia
Last Glacial Maximum in
race and
sickle-cell anemia
sign languages
skin color
body hair and
genes and
skin color (cont.)
race and
in women vs. men
Skorecki, Karl
skull shape
gracile
Slatk
in, Montgomery
smallpox
smell, sense of
Smith, Denis Mack
social anthropologists
sociality, social behaviors
of apes
of bonobos
brain size and
of chimpanzees
cooperation
evolutionary basis of
evolutionary progression and
genes influencing
hair and
in Homo ergaster
language and
levels of complexity in
of primates
privatization of sex
religion, see religion
sedentism and; see also settlement
trust
warfare, see warfare
social scientists
race as viewed by
Solutrean culture
Somosa, Hope
South America
Spain
speech
sperm production
sports, racial differences in
states, archaic
steatopygia
Stefansson, Kari
Stone Age
Stoneking, Mark
Sumatra
Sunda (Sundaland)
surnames
English
surpluses
Swadesh, Morris
sweating
Sykes, Bryan
Sykes, Richard
Taboo (Entine)
Taiwan
Tasmania
teeth
Terrace, Herbert
territory
thermoluminescence
Thomas, Elizabeth Marshall
Tibet
Tishkoff, Sarah
tools
chimpanzee and bonobo use of
Floresian
hand axes
language and
Magdalenian
Neanderthal
Olduwan
stone
tortoise test
trade
Traill, Anthony
transcription factors
Trivers, Robert L.
trust
Trut, Lyudmila N.
tubers
Turkey
Turner, Christy G.
twins
Tyler-Smith, Chris
Ukraine
Underhill, Peter
Universal Grammar
Universal People
Upper Paleolithic culture
in East Asia
gracilization in
settlement in
trade in
warfare in
vampire bats
Vargha-Khadem, Faraneh
vasopressin
Venus figurines
vervet monkeys
Vikings
vitamin D,
voles
Wallace, Douglas
warfare
cannibalism
of chimpanzees
costs and benefits of
language and
in primitive societies
religion and
social approval of
of Yanomamo
Wayles, John
Wayne, Robert
weaponry
White, Tim
Whiten, Andrew
Wilkinson, Gerald W.
Williams, Jennifer
Wilson, Edward O.
Woodson, Thomas
wolves
Wrangham, Richard
Wright, Sewall
Wright’s fixation index (FST)
writing
X chromosome
Yanomamo people
Y chromosome
African exodus and
AMH
ancient populations and
in Australia and New Guinea lineages
British
climate and
in dating arrival of immigrants into Americas
in dating arrival of immigrants into Europe
family tree and geographical distribution of
genetic drift and
Genghis Khan
Icelandic
of Jefferson
in Jewish communities
lineages and
Manchu
Middle Eastern
mutations in
in Oromo and Amhara peoples
race and
size and distribution of ancestral population indicated by
Yit Yoront society
Younger Dryas
Zahavi, Amotz
Zapotec state
Zohary, Daniel
Zvelebil, Marek
ABOUT THE AUTHOR
NICHOLAS WADE has written about science for the news sections of Nature and Science, two leading scientific journals, and, since 1982, for the New York Times. He has written several previous books, including The Nobel Duel, about two researchers’ race to win the Nobel Prize; Betrayers of the Truth (co-authored with William Broad), a study of fraud in science; and Life Script, an account of the medical consequences of sequencing the human genome. He was born in Aylesbury, England, educated at Eton College and at King’s College, Cambridge, and since 1970 has lived in the United States.
a A genetic tree can be anchored in time if any one of its branch points is datable from the fossil record. In this case the divergence of orangutans from the other species is known from fossils to have occurred some 12 to 16 million years ago. This gives a date for the human-chimp branch point. Gorillas split off 7.3 million years ago, some 2 million years before the chimp-human divergence.