Marlborough
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on battle of Oudenarde, 383, 390
at Ghent, 405
on siege of Tournai, 419
in battle of Malplaquet, 428–9
on 1711 campaign, 456
qualities, 477
Dedem, Lieutenant General Coenraad Willem van, 323
Delamere, Henry Booth, 2nd Baron, 18
Dendemonde, 349, 373, 375
Dender, river, 362, 373, 378, 395
Denmark:
troops in Irish campaign, 169–70
troops in Grand Alliance, 202, 409
casualties at Blenheim, 297
cavalry at Ramillies, 341, 346–7
cavalry at Oudenarde, 387
Derby, James Stanley, 19th Earl of, 26
Dettingen, battle of (1743), 284
Devonshire, William Cavendish, 1st Duke (earlier 4th Earl) of, 137, 163, 180
Devonshire, William Cavendish, 3rd Duke of, 464
Diepenbeek, river, 384, 387
Diest, 75
Dijkvelde, Everaarde van Weede, Baron van, 141
Disarming Acts (Scotland), 471
Dissenters:
and Occasional Conformity, 239
Dixmude, 75
Donauwörth, 250, 269–76
Dongan, Colonel Thomas, 52
Donia, Private John, 402
Dopff, General Daniel Wolf, Baron van, 317, 335, 374, 391, 464
Dorset, Charles Sackville, 6th Earl of, 140, 143, 154, 156
Douai, 393, 399, 455
siege and capture (1710), 214, 443, 450–1
Douglas, Lord George see Dumbarton, Earl of
Dover, Treaty of (1670), 51, 65, 67, 77
dragoons:
function and role, 101–2
quartered on French Huguenots, 130
Drake, Eleanor, Lady, 41–2, 44
Drake, Sir John, 41
Drake, John (Eleanor’s son), 42
Drake, ‘Captain’ Peter:
as source, 9
duels, 19–20
serves in Low Countries, 204–5, 231
on halberd sergeants, 307
at Ramillies, 334, 346
wounded and surrenders at Malplaquet, 432
Drummer, Edward, 122
Dryden, John, 18
All for Love, 473
Du Muy (Du Mé), Lucas, 401
duels, 19–21
Duke of Marlborough’s New Exercise of Firelocks and Bayonets, The (1708), 284
Dumbarton, Lord George Douglas, Earl of, 52, 80, 120–1, 124, 128
Dundas, Sandy, 21
Dundee, John Graham of Claverhouse, Viscount, 172
Dunkirk:
British troops in, 48, 50, 469
sold to France, 48
attack planned, 175
privateers, 393
Britain demands demolition of defences, 410
Duras, Louis de see Feversham, 1st Earl of
Dutch Guards, 160, 168, 189, 191, 426, 429
Dutch, the:
Marlborough’s attitude to, 4, 196, 255, 321–2
officers favoured by William, 27, 172, 182
British troops support French against, 52, 65
raid Medway (1667), 61
Louis XIV threatens, 65–6
in War of League of Augsburg, 182
differ from Marlborough in strategy, 255–6
casualties at Blenheim, 297
acknowledge Marlborough’s princely title, 303
and magazine at Trier, 309
oppose Marlborough’s advance over Dyle river, 317, 320–1
differences among generals, 318
withhold troops from Italy, 331
at battle of Ramillies, 341, 343, 345, 347
cooperate in attack on French coast, 350
share government of Spanish Netherlands with Britain, 361, 368, 371
at battle of Oudenarde, 387
troops at Malplaquet, 426, 429–30, 432
sign first Barrier Treaty (1709), 435
territorial claims in Netherlands, 435
ill-served by Treaty of Utrecht, 459
send troops in support against 1715 Jacobite rebellion, 470
see also United Provinces
Dutch Republic see United Provinces
Dutch War, Third (1672–4), 52, 61, 77–8
Duumvirs (Marlborough and Godolphin), 353, 363–4, 407, 412, 442
Dyle, river, 240, 242, 316–17, 320–1, 333
Earle, Peter, 112
Earle, Major General Thomas, 394, 396, 398–9
Eckeren, battle of (1703), 244–6
Edinburgh Parliament:
Marlborough sits in, 99
Eename, 382–3
Eifel, 249
Elgin, 3rd Earl of see Ailesbury, 2nd Earl of
Elixheim, 315
Elizabeth I, Queen, 302
Ellis, John, 259, 296, 310
Elnberger, Major General, 75
Elst’s Dutch battalion, 367
England:
Union with Scotland (1707), 31, 327, 353, 356
political parties and factions, 34–5, 38
as republic, 39
relations with France, 51
alliance with Holland against France, 52
commercial strength, 188–9
and Treaty of Ryswick, 188
financial reforms, 189–90
see also Great Britain
Enniskillen, 166
Ensheim, battle of (1674), 80
Essex, Algernon Capel, 2nd Earl of:
death, 414, 446
Essex, Arthur Capel, 1st Earl of, 92
Essex, Robert Devereux, 3rd Earl of, 41, 327
Estrées, Admiral Jean d’, 78
Eugène, Prince of Savoy-Carignan:
portraits, 13
campaign in Italy, 224, 309, 350, 356
defeats Turks at Zenta (1697), 250
disparages Victor Amadeus of Savoy, 252
favours advance to Danube, 255
meets up with Marlborough on march to Danube, 264, 266
appearance and character, 266
relations with Marlborough, 266–7, 387
discipline, 267
at Lines of Stollhofen, 268, 278
cooperates with Marlborough in Bavaria, 279–80, 283
at battle of Blenheim, 287, 289, 291, 294
with Marlborough at Seyerbach, 305
counsels Marlborough against leaving army early, 322
and Marlborough at Ramillies, 333
in attack on Toulon, 357–9, 361
Marlborough urges despatch to Spain, 362
commands army on Moselle, 370, 372
and battle of Oudenarde, 374, 383, 385–6
and Flanders campaign (1708), 374–5, 377, 378
and Marlborough’s depression over loss of Ghent and Bruges, 375–6
attends council of war with Marlborough, 391
visits mother in Brussels, 392
opposes Marlborough’s Channel strategy, 394
and siege of Lille, 394–8
wounded, 398, 428
favours besieging Tournai, 418–19
in Flanders campaign (1709), 418
covers Bossu gap, 423
in battle of Malplaquet, 426
diverted to Rhine for 1711 campaign, 452–3
defeated by Villars at Denain, 462
and Marlborough’s visit to Frankfurt (1713), 465
Evelyn, John:
view of Marlborough, 10–11
house at Wotton, 14
on execution of regicides, 17
on restoration of Charles II, 45
on Charles II’s dogs, 57
on James Douglas (Earl of Arran), 65
witnesses judicial torture in France, 66
on Margaret Godolphin, 100
on Prince George of Denmark, 106
on Charles II’s death, 109
on French persecution of Protestants, 129
on Hounslow Heath military camp, 134
and William’s impending invas
ion, 137, 142
Examiner (news-sheet), 463
Exclusion Crisis (1678–80), 91–3
executions:
practice of, 17–18
Exeter:
William of Orange in, 147
Eyne, 382, 384, 385
Fagel, François, Greffier, 254
Fagel, General François Nicolas, 429
Faille, F.H. de la, 372
Fairburne, Captain Stafford, 170
Falkner, James, 270
Farewell, Captain, 231–2
Fariaux, Jacques de, 75–6
Farquhar, George:
The Recruiting Officer, 221
Feiling, Sir Keith, 90
Fenwick, Major General Sir John, 73, 179, 187–8
Ferguson, Brigadier James, 274, 292
Feversham, Louis de Duras, 1st Earl of (and marquis de Blanquefort):
earldom, 27
at battle of Ensheim, 80
praises Marlborough, 80
takes leave in Paris, 81
at court of Charles II, 100
commands against Monmouth rebellion, 114–21
at Sedgemoor, 122, 125, 127–8
made Garter Knight and rewarded with estate, 126
lampooned by Buckingham, 127
and conspiracy against James II, 136
and William’s invasion and advance, 150, 155
disbands forces, 155, 158
William appoints master of Royal Hospital, 155
Marlborough harasses for payment of debt, 440–1
Field, Ophelia, 104
Fielding, Robert (‘Beau’), 62–3
Fiennes, Celia, 15
Fifth Monarchy men, 49–50
Fitzharding, Barbara, Lady (née Villiers), 108, 154, 162–3, 176–7
Fitzharding, Colonel John Berkeley, Baron, 108, 151, 154, 162–3
FitzJames, Arabella, 48
FitzJames, Henrietta, 48
FitzRoy, Anne, 62
Flanders:
British troops in, 53, 89
Marlborough’s command in, 89, 224–489
William’s wars in, 173–4, 182
in War of Spanish Succession, 210
Villeroi in, 240
Heinsius requests more British troops for, 362
and Marlborough’s 1708 campaign, 370–2
Villars deploys in, 417
1711 campaign in, 452
see also Spanish Netherlands
Fletcher, Andrew, 111
Fleurus, battle of (1690), 162
Forbin, Claude, comte de, 215
forlorn hope (military unit), 72, 102, 170, 272
Fortescue, Sir John, 2–3
France:
Whig hostility to, 37
expansionism, 51, 66, 200
relations with England, 51
war with Dutch, 51, 65–8
British troops support against Dutch, 52
England allies with Holland against, 52–3, 65–6
conditions, 66–7
judicial torture in, 66
at siege of Maastricht, 70–5
defensive frontiers, 90
Protestants persecuted, 129–30
army strength, 132
threat in North America, 135
alliance with Turks and conflict with Innocent XI, 146
resumes war with Dutch (1688), 146, 159
James II’s exile in, 156
Walcourt defeat, 161–2
naval victory at Beachy Head (1690), 168
supports Jacobites, 168
in War of League of Augsburg, 173, 181
attempts invasion of England, 179
territorial gains and losses under Treaty of Ryswick (1697), 188
financial difficulties, 189
and Spanish succession, 192–3
supports James Francis Edward Stuart’s landing in Scotland, 215, 364, 370
military strength, 216–17, 224
strategic advantages, 249
strategy in Germany, 249–50, 252
alliance with Hungary, 250–1
advance against Austrian Empire, 252
and Marlborough’s march into Germany, 259–60
negotiates with Dutch (1705), 318–19
Marlborough plans 1706 attack on, 330
Ramillies defeat, 334–7, 339–42, 345–6
Marlborough plans descent on, 350, 362
withdraws from Italy, 350, 356
loses fleet, 360
privateers, 365, 441
requests exchange of prisoners of war, 368
strength and actions in Flanders and Spanish Netherlands (1708), 370–2, 375, 377–9
defeated at Oudenarde, 388–9
severe weather and harvest failure (1709), 410
weakened conditions, 410, 419
deploys for 1709 campaign, 417
fighting spirit in battle of Malplaquet, 430
Malplaquet defeat, 434
negotiates peace terms:
(1709), 215, 409–11, 416, 420
(1710), 435
in campaign of 1710, 450–1, 453
concessions under Treaty of Utrecht, 459
see also Louis XIV, King of France
Frankfurt, 465
Franquenée, 345
Frederick I, King of Prussia (earlier Elector of Brandenburg):
and German coalition forces, 79
Marlborough visits in Berlin, 305–6
promises troops to Marlborough, 306, 309
Marlborough thanks, 326
troops paid irregularly, 329
Frederick William I, King of Prussia, 376
Frévent, 453
Friedberg, 280
Friedlingen, battle of (1702), 251
Fugger, Count, 294
Galway, Henri de Massue, 1st Earl of (and marquis de Ruvigny):
viscountcy, 28
Marlborough meets in Paris, 109
earldom, 172
command in Spain and Portugal, 208, 280, 350–1
defeated at Almanza, 209, 356
and Marlborough’s siege of Lille, 397
Game Act (1670), 19
Gardiner, Samuel Rawson, 45
Garth, Sir Samuel, 470, 472
Gaulle, Charles de, 249
Gaunt, Elizabeth, 18
Gavre, 348, 379–80, 390, 402
Gay, John, 475
Geete, river, 313, 333–5, 338, 339–40, 345
Gell, Stephen, 231–2
George I, King of Great Britain and Ireland (earlier Elector of Hanover):
succeeds Anne to throne, 15, 302, 468–70
and Robethon, 260
fights at Oudenarde, 261, 385
as Allied commander on Rhine, 370
defeated at Rummersheim (1709), 420
favours Marlborough, 448
opposes preliminaries to Treaty of Utrecht, 459–60
Marlborough supports succession to English throne, 467
arrives in England, 470
George II, King of Great Britain and Ireland:
coronation, 476–7
George, Prince of Denmark:
marriage to Anne, 104–5, 106–7
character, 106–7
health decline and death, 107, 354, 407–8, 412
and conspiracy against James II, 136
and William’s invasion, 149
abandons James II, 151
made Duke of Cumberland, 157
on campaign in Ireland, 164
property and finances, 164, 191, 365
refused service in navy, 164
and Mary’s demand for dismissal of Sarah, 178
moves into Cockpit, 180
votes for attainder against Fenwick, 188
allowance approved by Parliament, 234
illnesses (1687), 141
(1703), 238
opposes Occasional Conformity Bill, 239
learns of Blenheim victory, 298
supports Duumvir, 363–4
as lord high admiral, 365
Germany:
<
br /> French strategy in, 249–50, 252
Marlborough marches into (1704), 258–9
contributes troops to Allies, 357
Gertruydenberg:
peace negotiations (1710), 435
Ghent, 349, 372, 375–8, 393–4, 397, 402, 404–5, 407
Gibbons, Grinling, 302
Gibraltar:
captured by Rooke, 298, 329
ceded to Britain (1713), 458
Gingen, near Ulm, 268
Givet, 393
Glorious Revolution (1688), 15
Gloucester (frigate):
sinks, 97–9
Gloucester, William Henry, Duke of:
portrait, 12
death from smallpox, 16, 107, 190–1
illness (1689), 163
Marlborough appointed governor to, 190
Glozier, Matthew, 152, 169
Godden, Arthur, 131 & n, 132
Godfrey, Arabella see Churchill, Arabella
Godfrey, Benjamin, 120
Godfrey, Colonel Charles (Arabella Churchill’s husband), 136, 188, 313–14
Godolphin, Francis (Sidney’s father), 100
Godolphin, Francis (Sidney’s son), 100, 191, 265
Godolphin, Lady Henrietta (née Churchill; Marlborough-Sarah’s daughter; later Duchess of Marlborough):
birth, 96, 191
marriage, 100
birth of son, 265
affair with Congreve, 448
attends Anne’s funeral, 470
Sarah quarrels with, 474, 476
death, 476
succeeds to Marlborough dukedom, 476
Godolphin, Margaret (née Blagge):
death, 56
marriage, 100
letter to Jael Boscawen, 104
Godolphin, Lady Mary (Henrietta’s daughter), 448
Godolphin, Sidney, 1st Earl:
friendship and correspondence with Marlborough, 6, 101, 175, 208, 224, 253, 268, 305, 320, 328, 349, 365, 445, 454
Evelyn visits, 11
staff of office, 13, 181
and death of wife, 57, 100
dines with Marlboroughs, 85
background and career, 100–1
tennis playing, 100
favours William of Orange, 141
in Cockpit circle, 165
William appoints first lord of Treasury, 165
and Marlborough’s resentment at William’s favouring foreign officers, 174
and failed attack on Brest, 183–4
accused of complicity in Jacobite plot, 187
votes in favour of Fenwick, 188
as lord high treasurer, 208
and Marlborough’s position as commander, 208
and Marlborough’s order of battle, 213
and Woodstock election (1710), 223
and Marlborough’s campaign in Low Countries, 227–9
Anne favours, 234
and Blandford’s contracting smallpox, 235
supports Occasional Conformity Bill, 239
and Allied attempt on Antwerp, 241, 244
and Dutch veto of Marlborough’s plan to attack Lines of Brabant, 247
and Marlborough’s strategic plans in 1704 campaign, 255