French Foreign Legion
Page 116
Loehndorf, Ernest, 430
Loire River, 165
Lombardy, 128, 131
London Daily Mail, 591
Lorillard, Lieutenant Colonel, 401
Louis-Philippe, King, 1, 2, 23–25, 41, 49, 71, 86, 418
Louis II of Monaco, 419
Louis XVI, King, 3
Louis XVIII, King, 2
Lucerne, Treaty of, 4
Ludendorff, Erich, 378
Luders, General, 127
Luzy-Pélissac, General, 68
Lyautey, General Hubert, 195, 215, 220, 227, 228, 230, 240, 564, 570
on desertions, 331, 392
as Moroccan commander, 320, 324, 373–74, 375, 381, 383, 569
on mounted companies, 317–18
post-World War I Legion and, 383, 384, 392–93, 394, 408–9, 621, 623
McAleavy, Henry, 230
Macedonian campaign, 381
McMahon, Captain, 52
McMahon, Patrice, 60, 61, 65, 68, 80, 84, 85, 87, 104, 123
in government, 169
at Magenta, 129
Macta, Battle of, 19–21, 27, 28
Madagascar, 170, 224, 245, 249, 250, 267–88, 303, 619
disastrous campaign in, 267–88, 421
disease in, 270–71, 274, 275, 285, 286–88
Legion's contribution to, 285–88
mounted companies in, 319
porters in, 271, 276–77
selection of troops for, 246
suicides among legionnaires, 280–82
Maevatanana, Madagascar, 273, 274
Magenta, Battle of, 128–30, 134
Maginot Line, 459
Magnus, Maurice, 189, 301, 339–40, 341–42, 348, 349, 372, 626
Magrin-Vernerey, Raoul (Mondar), 466–67, 469, 472, 473–74, 476, 481
Mahut, Maurice, 419
Maine, Louis, 141–42
Maire, Fernand, 370, 379, 394, 395, 411, 419, 424, 431, 602
Maison, Marshal Nicholas, 26, 41
Maison Carrée, 16, 17, 18, 65
Majunga, Bay of, 271
Majunga, Madagascar, 269, 270, 271, 273, 275, 276, 277, 303
Makoos, Madagascar, 303
Malagasies, 276, 278, 279, 406
Malaria, 104, 164, 220, 275, 286, 543, 544, 562
Mallaret, Marquis Amedee de, 175
Mandarin Road, 214, 229
Mangasoarina, Madagascar, 277
Mangin, Charles, 250, 292–93
Manue, Georges, 387, 394, 424, 426–27, 431, 432
during World War II, 447, 448, 455, 456, 457, 462, 464
Mao Tse-tung, 514, 575
Marchélepot, France, 459, 460, 461
Marie-Antoinette, 3
Marland, Captain, 52
Marne, Battle of the, 355
Maroff, Gustave, 359
Marovoay, Madagascar, 273
Marrakesh, Morocco, 383
Marseille, France, 173–74, 395
Marshal, S. L. A., 304, 502
Martin, Jean, 199, 200, 201, 295, 296, 301, 309–10, 404, 435
on mounted companies, 312–14, 318
Martin, Lieutenant Colonel, 389, 391, 416
Martinez, Antonio, 123, 129, 130, 149
Marty, Colonel, 386
Martyn, Frederic, 224, 226, 281, 299, 302, 311
on Dahomey, 246, 251, 252, 256–64, 286
on Indochina, 208, 220, 222–23, 229, 236, 238, 239
on recruitment and training, 172, 174, 176–80, 182, 186, 190, 191, 195
Mary, Adjudant-Chef, 471–72, 473
“Massacreur de la rue Transnonain,” 72
Massaouah, Eritrea, 473–74
Masselot, Georges, 457, 547, 603, 604, 606, 613
Massu, General Jacques, 566, 570, 579, 581, 583–86, 588, 589, 592, 600, 607, 614
Matehuala, Mexico, 148, 149, 160
Maudet, Clément, 142
Maurel, Lieutenant Colonel, 395
Maury, A.-P., 210, 228, 232, 234, 239
Maximilian, Archduke, 138, 143, 144, 155, 158, 160
Mayer, Gaston, 365
Mayotte, island of, 631
Mayran, General, 68
Mazurek, Eugene, 545–46
Mazzoni, Adjudant-Chef, 451, 452–53
M'chouneche, Algeria, 86
Médaille militaire, 334
Mediouna, Morocco, 400, 402
Meknès, Morocco, 383, 394, 408
Mekong River, 204
Melilla, Morocco, 397, 398
Mellinet, General, 68
“Memento du Légionnaire,” 437–38
Menabha, Battle of, 320–22, 323
Mendès-France, Pierre, 568, 598
Mendigorría, Battle of, 32, 33
Mendizabal, Prime Minister, 34
Meridja, Morocco, 314
Merolli, Aristide, 201, 308, 418
on discipline, 300, 301, 304–5, 306
on drunkenness, 307
on mounted companies, 312, 326
on recruitment and training, 175, 176, 178–80, 186, 187, 193, 194
Mers el Kébir, 475, 477, 480, 491, 604, 610
Messager de Provence, 157
Messmer, Pierre, 473, 611, 613
Met, Captain, 295, 331
Metternich, Clemens, 3
Metz, Battle of, 164
Mexican campaign, 120, 121, 137–62, 619, 623
cavalry, 147–49, 151, 153
counterguerrillas, 145–47
desertions during, 154–57
disease, 121, 140
losses in, 140, 154, 162
mobility of Mexicans, 141–45, 147, 148
Mexico City, Mexico, 146
Mcyan, Morocco, 397
M'hidi, Ben, 588
Michael Offensives, 355, 377
Mier, Mexico, 161–62
Miliana, Algeria, siege of, 67–68, 75
Milland, Ray, 430
Millerand, Alexandre, 382
Mitidja plain, 50
Mittelhauser, General Eugène, 474
Mobutu, Joseph, 617
Moch, Gaston, 178, 291, 297
Moldavia, 124
Molé, Count Louis-Mathieu, 41, 51
Mollet, Guy, 578
Monarch of Bermuda, 468
Moncel (deserter), 67
Mon légionnaire, 434
Montallegri, Sebastiano, 27
Montbéliard, France, 166
Monterrey, siege of, 147, 148
Montgomery, General Bernard, 484, 485
Morale (espirit de corps) of the Legion, 65, 144, 182, 201, 202, 305, 306, 616
in Algerian War, 573, 577, 608, 615
during Carlist War, 41, 42–43, 45, 58
in early 1830s, 15–16, 18
in 1840s, 69, 86, 87–88
in 1850s to 1860s, 123, 134–35, 137, 154, 156, 158, 159
in 1930s, 437
in Indochina, 531, 543, 544, 558, 565
in Madagascar, 280
overall performance and, 618, 619
during Rif War, 403–4, 408
during World War I, 344, 345, 358, 359, 362, 363, 371, 372
during World War II, 447, 455, 474
Mordacq, General Jean, 383, 391, 435
Moreno, General, 32
Morlae, Edward, 338, 362–63
Mornay, Duc de, 143
Moroccans, 408, 497, 498, 522, 523, 524
Morocco, 164, 170, 289–90, 295, 303, 307, 315, 333, 380, 392, 569, 572, 618, 623–24
Algerian War and, 570, 576, 590
Allied invasion of, 495, 502, 513
Casablanca expedition of 1907, 303, 307
desertions in, 392–97
independence of, 566, 608
“Legionnaire's Tunnel,” 408
Lyautey's tactics in, 320
mounted companies in, 312–14, 319, 320–24
Rif War, 383, 395–406, 408
shift to bulk of Legion to, 383
Spanish claims to, 333
during World War I, 371–73, 375, 376
Morocco (fil
m), 429, 432
Moronvilliers, France, 368
Morzicki, Sergeant, 141
Mosi tribe, 250
Moualok, Battle of, 315–16
Moulin Rouge, Le, 387
Moulouya River, 324
Mounted companies, 311–26, 331, 383, 453
desertions from, 325–26, 331–32, 395
Lyautey's system and, 320
in Morocco, 312–14, 319, 320–24
purposes of, 312, 315, 318–19
turnover in, 324
Mouvement Républicain Populaire (MRP), 585
Muller, Sergeant, 18
Murphy, Robert, 488
Murray, Simon, 434, 439, 573–74, 576–78, 581–82, 587, 591–92, 595–96, 611–13, 616, 618, 626, 632
Mururoa atoll, 631
Musseifré, Syria, 405, 406, 407
Mussolini, Benito, 443, 466
Muteau, General, 326
Mutiny, 62, 63
during World War I, 334, 359–62, 363, 364, 367, 369–70
Mystères de la Legion etrang&re, Les (d'Esparbes), 419
Myth and lore of the Legion, 86–87, 142, 158, 171, 412–504, 548
anonymat and, 177, 425
ceremonies, 417–19
cult of sacrifice, 420–21, 422
in film, 429–32, 433, 434, 439
invention of tradition for Legion, 409, 412–40, 446, 567, 620, 633, 634
Livre d'or, 416, 420, 422, 423, 427
monument, 419, 634
as “outcasts,” 289, 412
“outlaw” myth, 178, 424, 620
overall performance and, 619
of paratroopers, 582–83
recruits affected by, 180–81, 427, 433–34
Salle d'Honneur, 413, 418, 419
veneration of dead comrades, 607
“of woman behind each legionnaire,” 425–26
Mytho, 251
Naegelen, Marcel-Edmond, 585
Nancy, France, 395, 459
Naples, 23
Napoleon, 2, 31, 35, 71, 115
Napoleonic Wars, 34
Napoleon III, Emperor (Louis-Napoleon Bonaparte), 57, 105, 112, 115, 119, 157
ambitions in Latin America, 143
Crimean War and, 124, 127
Dupin and, 146–47
Franco-Prussian War and, 164–65
Mexican policy, 137, 138
repatriation of all French troops, 138, 162
war with Austrians, 128, 131
Narvik expedition, 451, 457, 465–70
Na San, Vietnam, 526, 527, 555
Nasser, Gamal Abdal, 570, 578, 579
National Front, 604
Nationalist Party (VNODD), 510
Navarin Farm, Battle of, 334, 362–63, 367
Navarre, General Henri, 555
Nazis, 450
in post-World War II Legion, 439
see also Germany, Third Reich
NCOs, 7–9, 69
in Algerian War, 577
discipline by, 194, 299–300, 301, 328, 331, 625–26, 627
in Indochina War, 535–36, 541, 544, 547, 550, 551, 552
recruitment of, 194–95, 299
in Rif War, 402, 408
shortage of, 6, 8–9, 194–95, 305, 384, 391, 535–36, 547, 552
after World War I, 384, 386, 387, 389, 391, 394, 395
during World War I, 344, 349–50, 351, 359, 367
during World War II, 450, 456, 463, 470
Nemours, due de, 86
Neuville-St. Vaast, France, 357
Nghe Tinh soviet movement, 508, 509
Nghia Lo, Vietnam, 526
Nice, 128
Nicholas, legionnaire, 211, 212
Nicholas I, Emperor, 124
Niclot, Max, 346
Nicolas, Colonel, 411–12, 417, 424
Niessel, General, 391
Nightingale, Florence, 124
Nivelle offensive, 368–69, 378
Noblet, legionnaire, 185
Nock, Ivan, 365
Noguès, General Charles, 474
North Korea, 521
Norway, 446, 465, 466
Narvik expedition, 451, 457, 465–70
Oaxaca, Mexico, 106, 147
O'Connor, General Fernand, 324
Office of Strategic Services (OSS), 512
Officers of the Legion, 632
in Algerian War, 572
Carlist War and, 26–30, 34, 40–42, 45, 47
Constantine and, siege of, 54–58
creation of the Legion and, 6–8, 15
duels between, 150–51
Generals' Putsch, 519, 604, 606–16
in Indochina, 210–13, 422
during Indochina War, 536, 550, 551
in Mexican campaign, 149–50, 151, 161
quality of, 68–69, 84, 85, 97, 298–99, 343, 366
relationship with rank and file, 85–86, 89
in Rif War, 402
shortage of, 1900–1914, 297–98, 305
TOE (theatre des operations exterieures), 389, 409, 425
after World War I, 388–91, 408–9
during World War I, 351, 356, 358
during World War II, 479–80
at Zaatcha, shortage of, 117
see also names of individuals
Ontrup, Helmut, 575
Opale, 257
Operation Lea, 517, 526, 527, 528
Opium, 222, 244
Oraa, General Marcelino, 47, 48
Oran, Algeria, 169, 251, 492, 603, 610
described, 118
recruits in, 174
Organisation Armee Secrete (OAS), 609, 611, 614, 615, 616
Orléans, battles at, 165, 166
Orléans, Due d,' 48
Orsini, Felice, 128
Ortiz, Philip, 429–30, 435
Ottoman Empire, 124, 406
Ouakon, Dahomey, 264
Ouémé River, 252–53, 255, 256, 257, 259, 260, 261, 265
Ouerrha River, 398
Ouida (writer), 430, 433
Ouled-Brahim, 119
Ouled-Sahnoun, 95, 96, 98, 99
Paguessa, Dahomey, 259
Paillat, Colonel, 605
Pal, legionnaire, 327
Pamplona, Spain, 36–37, 42, 47
Pannier, J., 179, 229, 303, 307, 308
Pârias is de Bollardière, Jacques, 473
Paris Commune insurrection, 120, 167–69, 614
Paris-Match, 605
Parras, Mexico, 148, 151, 152
Pasquier, Laure, 54
Pasteur, 505–6
Payment of Legion, 17, 26, 122, 166, 168, 188–89, 306–10, 373
alcoholism and, 308–9
discipline and low pay, 306–7
for mounted companies, 324
for paratroopers, 525
of POWs, 566
in Tonkin, 220, 506, 507
after World War I, 383, 395
Pechkoff, Zinovi, 403, 407–8, 426
Pein, Theodore, 356
Peking, China, 203
Pélissier, Jean-Jacques, 105, 127
Pellé, Colonel, 333
Pelleterat de Borde, Colonel, 552
People's Republic of China, Vietminh and, 518, 520, 521
Perez, Thomas, 519
Perfume River, 205
Perrier, Sergeant, 509
Perrot-White, Alfred, 448, 452, 492, 511
Persian Gulf multinational force, 632
Pétain, Philippe, 367, 370, 374, 378, 405, 429, 493
as head of Vichy government, 464, 476, 511
Peters, Heinrich, 545
Peter I of Serbia, 165
Petit Omar, 585
Petit Parisien, 345
Petrovski, legionnaire, 180, 237, 246
Pfirmann, Jean, 176, 194, 220, 226, 236, 239–40, 300, 326