The Resurrection of the Romanovs

by Greg King

  40. Dr. Serge Rudnev, affidavit, July 18, 1938, in Hamburg, Bln I, 134–138; Rudnev, report, March 1926, in Hamburg, Bln I, 134ff, and XIV, 2485–2488.

  41. Dominique Auclères, in Le Figaro, February 5, 1965, and in Le Figaro, September 24, 1969.

  42. Dr. Theodor Eitel, statement of December 22, 1926, in Hamburg, VIII, 1394–1402; opinion concerning Frau Anna Tchaikovsky, Hans Willige, November 5, 1938, in Hamburg, Bln IV, 328–330, and XII, 1985–1994.

  43. Dr. Serge Rudnev, affidavit, July 18, 1938, in Hamburg, Bln I, 134–138; Rudnev, report, March 1926, in Hamburg, Bln I, 134ff, and XIV, 2485–2488.

  44. Gilliard and Savitch, 180, citing the records of the Elisabeth Hospital.

  45. Inspector Franz Grunberg, letter of June 19, 1925, in Hamburg, XIV, 2540–2545.

  46 Bonhoeffer, report, March 18, 1926, quoting the Dalldorf Hospital patient admissions report, in Hamburg, XIV, 2389–2402.

  47. Hamburg, summary of evidence in Frau Anna Anderson in Unterlengenhardt v. Barbara, Herzogin Christian Ludwig zu Mecklenburg, Ludwig, Prinz von Hesse und bei Rhein, May 18, 1967, 30–31.

  48. Bonhoeffer, report, March 18, 1926, in Hamburg, XIV, 2389–2402; Kurth, 7.

  49. Kurth, 6.

  50. Report of Dr. Gorz, May 30, 1920, and letter of Dr. Gorz to Dr. Serge Kastritsky, December 15, 1928, quoted in letter of Mme L. Kastritsky-Proce to Dr. Berenberg-Gossler, March 4, 1966, in Hamburg, XXXI, 5718; Hamburg, summary of evidence in Frau Anna Anderson in Unterlengenhardt v. Barbara, Herzogin Christian Ludwig zu Mecklenburg, Ludwig, Prinz von Hesse und bei Rhein, May 18, 1967, 170.

  51. Report of Dr. Gorz, May 30, 1920, and letter of Dr. Gorz to Dr. Serge Kastritsky, December 15, 1928, quoted in letter of Mme L. Kastritsky-Proce to Dr. Berenberg-Gossler, March 4, 1966, in Hamburg, XXXI/5718; Bonhoeffer, report, March 18, 1926, in Hamburg, XIV, 2389–2402; Gilliard and Savitch, 36.

  52. Dr. Serge Rudnev, affidavit, July 18, 1938, in Hamburg, Bln I, 134–138; Rudnev, report, March 1926, in Hamburg, Bln I, 134ff, and XIV, 2485–2488; Horan, 133; Dr. Theodor Eitel, statement of December 22, 1926, in Hamburg, VIII, 1394–1402; opinion concerning Frau Anna Tchaikovsky, Hans Willige, November 5, 1938, in Hamburg, Bln IV, 328–330, and XII, 1985–1994.

  53. Statement of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, June 27, 1929, in Hamburg, Bln III, loose; testimony of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, December 17, 1958, in Hamburg, V, 979–981.

  54. Testimony of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, December 17, 1958, in Hamburg, V, 979–981.

  55. Statement of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, June 27, 1929, in Bln III, loose; testimony of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, December 17, 1958, in Hamburg, V, 979–981.

  56. Testimony of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, December 17, 1958, in Hamburg, V, 979–981.

  57. Notes of Erika von Redern, secretary to Edward Fallows, from records and bulletin of Dalldorf Asylum, May 16, 1929, cited in Kurth, 7.

  58. Statement of Bertha Walz, June 17, 1922, in Hamburg, XXIV, 4479; statement of Emilie Barfknecht, June 12, 1922, in Hamburg, XXIV, 4476–4478; testimony of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, December 17, 1958, in Hamburg, V, 979–981.

  59. Statement of Serge Botkin, March 1929, in Peter Kurth collection.

  60. Statement of Erna Buchholz, June 17, 1922, in Hamburg, Bln IV, 98, and statement of July 22, 1940, in Hamburg, Bln IV, 98–101.

  61. Bonhoeffer, report, March 18, 1926, in Hamburg, XIV, 2389–2402.

  62. Kurth, 8, 11; testimony of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, in Hamburg, V, 979–981.

  63. Bonhoeffer, report, March 18, 1926, in Hamburg, XIV, 2389–2402.

  64. Testimony of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, in Hamburg, V, 979–981.

  65. Affidavit of Nicholas von Schwabe, June 10, 1922, in Hamburg, XIV, 2519–2534.

  66. See Berliner Illustrierte Zeitung, no. 43, vol. 23, October 23, 1921.

  67. Statement of Bertha Walz, June 17, 1922, in Hamburg, XXIV, 4479.

  68. Statement of Emilie Barfknecht, June 14, 1922, in Hamburg, XXIV, 4476–4478.

  69. Statement of Erna Buchholz, June 17, 1922, in Hamburg, Bln IV, 98.

  70. Testimony of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, December 17, 1958, in Hamburg, V, 979–981.

  71. Ibid.

  6 Fraulein Unbekannt

  1. In “Application to the Amstgericht Court, Berlin, in the Matter of the Estate of Anastasia Nikolaievna Romanov, Case No. 461.VE.733/38,” pleading submitted by Paul Leverkuehn and Kurt Vermehren on behalf of AA, October 31, 1938, and lodged in Hamburg under Bln.

  2. Testimony of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, December 17, 1958, in Hamburg, V, 979–981.

  3. Affidavit of Nicholas von Schwabe, June 10, 1922, in Hamburg, XIV, 2519–2534; Gilliard and Savitch, 29.

  4. Information to the authors from Ian Lilburn.

  5. Statement of Marie Clara Peuthert, June 10, 1922, in Hamburg, XIV, 2535–2537.

  6. Statement of Emilie Barfknecht, June 14, 1922, in Hamburg, XXIV, 4476–4478.

  7. Ibid.

  8. Affidavit of Nicholas von Schwabe, June 10, 1922, in Hamburg, XIV, 2519–2534; Gilliard and Savitch, 29; Hamburg, Summary of Evidence in Frau Anna Anderson in Unterlengenhardt v. Barbara, Herzogin Christian Ludwig zu Mecklenburg, Ludwig, Prinz von Hesse und bei Rhein, May 18, 1967, 35.

  9. Affidavit of Nicholas von Schwabe, June 10, 1922, in Hamburg, XIV, 2519–2534; Gilliard and Savitch, 32, 111.

  10. Statement of Emilie Barfknecht, June 14, 1922, in Hamburg, XXIV, 4476–4478.

  11. Kurth, 21; Affidavit of Nicholas von Schwabe, June 10, 1922, in Hamburg, XIV, 2519–2534; Hamburg, Summary of Evidence in Frau Anna Anderson in Unterlengenhardt v. Barbara, Herzogin Christian Ludwig zu Mecklenburg, Ludwig, Prinz von Hesse und bei Rhein, May 18, 1967, 35.

  12. Kurth, 16; Friedrich, 95.

  13. Affidavit of Nicholas von Schwabe, June 10, 1922, in Hamburg, XIV, 2519–2534; Zenaide Tolstoy to Baron von Kleist, letter of August 7, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 39.

  14. Zenaide Tolstoy to Baron von Kleist, letter of August 7, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 38–39; Botkin, Anastasia, 26.

  15. Affidavit of Nicholas von Schwabe, June 10, 1922, in Hamburg, XIV, 2519–2534; Baroness Sophie Buxhoeveden, statement of March 12, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 34.

  16. Baroness Sophie Buxhoeveden, statement of March 12, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 34–36.

  17. Ibid., 34–35.

  18. Louis, Earl Mountbatten of Burma, to Prince Louis of Hesse, letter of November 12, 1957, in Staatsarchiv, Darmstadt.

  19. Baroness Sophie Buxhoeveden, statement of March 12, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 36.

  20. Rathlef-Keilmann, 35.

  21. Testimony of Anna (Thea) Chemnitz, née Malinovsky, December 17, 1958, in Hamburg, V, 979–981.

  22. Gilliard and Savitch, 46.

  23. Baroness Marie von Kleist, affidavit of July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574.

  24. Written request of March 22, 1922, from Baron Arthur von Kleist to the director of Dalldorf Asylum, in Ian Lilburn Collection.

  25. Affidavit of Nicholas von Schwabe, June 10, 1922, in Hamburg, XIV, 2519–2534.

  26. Baroness Marie von Kleist, affidavit of July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574; certificate of release of Fraulein Unbekannt to Baron von Kleist, from Dalldorf patient file 394, signed by Fischer, municipal assistant of Dalldorf, in Ian Lilburn Collection.

  27. Hamburg, summary of evidence in Frau Anna Anderson in Unterlengenhardt v. Barbara, Herzogin Christian Ludwig zu Mecklenburg, Ludwig, Prinz von Hesse und bei Rhein, May 18, 1967, 39.

  28. Auclères, 45; Kurth, 29; testimony of Baroness Gerda von Kleist in Hamburg, November 19, 1965, in Hamburg, XXVII, 5158–5165; affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574.

  29. Statement of Baron Arthur von
Kleist, June 7, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 47; verdict of the Bundesgerichthof (West German Federal Supreme Court), Karlsruhe, February 17, 1970, appended to Hamburg, loose.

  30. Affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574.

  31. Nicholas von Schwabe to Pierre Gilliard, letter of November 17, 1926, in Gilliard and Savitch, 114–115; information to the authors from Robert K. Massie; Gilliard and Savitch, 82; Nicholas von Schwabe to Pierre Gilliard, letter of December 12, 1926, in Gilliard and Savitch, 110; Hamburg, summary of evidence in Frau Anna Anderson in Unterlengenhardt v. Barbara, Herzogin Christian Ludwig zu Mecklenburg, Ludwig, Prinz von Hesse und bei Rhein, May 18, 1967, 166.

  32. Nicholas von Schwabe to Pierre Gilliard, letter of November 17, 1926, in Gilliard and Savitch, 113–114.

  33. Nicholas von Schwabe to Pierre Gilliard, letter of November 17, 1926, in Gilliard and Savitch, 113–114; affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574; Hamburg, summary of evidence in Frau Anna Anderson in Unterlengenhardt v. Barbara, Herzogin Christian Ludwig zu Mecklenburg, Ludwig, Prinz von Hesse und bei Rhein, May 18, 1967, 166.

  34. Testimony of Baroness Gerda von Kleist, November 19, 1965, in Hamburg, XXVII, 5158–5165.

  35. Statement of Baron Arthur von Kleist, June 7, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 47; statement of Baron Arthur von Kleist, June 20, 1922, certified February 1, 1926, in Gilliard and Savitch, 47; affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574.

  36. Statement of Baron Arthur von Kleist, June 7, 1922, in Gillard and Savitch, 47; verdict of the Bundesgerichthof (West German Federal Supreme Court), Karlsruhe, February 17, 1970, appended to Hamburg, loose; Baroness Marie von Kleist, affidavit of July 5, 1929, entered in Hamburg May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574.

  37. Affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574; in “Application to the Amstgericht Court, Berlin, in the Matter of the Estate of Anastasia Nikolaievna Romanov, Case No. 461.VE.733/38,” pleading submitted by Paul Leverkuehn and Kurt Vermehren on behalf of AA, October 31, 1938, and lodged in Hamburg under Bln, 25.

  38. Zenaide Tolstoy, affidavit of May 3, 1929, cited in Kurth, 403, n. 40.

  39. Affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574.

  40. Statement of Baron Arthur von Kleist, June 7, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 46.

  41. Ibid., 48.

  42. Gilliard and Savitch, 112.

  43. Testimony of Baroness Gerda von Kleist, May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 551–562.

  44. Ibid.

  45. Statement of Baron Arthur von Kleist, June 20, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 48.

  46. AA to Rathlef-Keilmann, June 19, 1925, in Rathlef-Keilmann notes, in Hamburg, Bln III, loose.

  47. Schiller report, cited in Kurth, 32.

  48. Kurth, 399, n.18.

  49. Gilliard and Savitch, 38.

  50. Ibid.; affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574; Zenaide Tolstoy, affidavit of May 3, 1929, quoted in Kurth, 30; Gilliard and Savitch, 70–71.

  51. Affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574.

  52. Testimony of Baroness Gerda von Kleist, November 19, 1965, in Hamburg, III, 551–562; Kurth, 32; affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574.

  53. Auclères, 234.

  54. Krug von Nidda, 92.

  55. Cited in Kurth, 55.

  56. Affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574.

  57. Affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574; Gilliard and Savitch, 41.

  58. Berliner Nachtausgabe, April 8, 1927; affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574.

  59. Berliner Nachtausgabe, April 8, 1927; Rathlef-Keilmann, 172; Wilhelm Voller, affidavit, April 29, 1927, in Hamburg, XXII, 4270.

  60. Hamburg, summary of evidence in Frau Anna Anderson in Unterlengenhardt v. Barbara, Herzogin Christian Ludwig zu Mecklenburg, Ludwig, Prinz von Hesse und bei Rhein, May 18, 1967, 41–42.

  61. Affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574.

  62. See Kurth, 49–50; Hamburg, summary of evidence in Frau Anna Anderson in Unterlengenhardt v. Barbara, Herzogin Christian Ludwig zu Mecklenburg, Ludwig, Prinz von Hesse und bei Rhein, May 18, 1967, 41–43.

  63. See, for example, comments of Dr. Gunther von Berenberg-Gossler, quoted by John Godl in “Remembering Anna Anderson,” part II, at http://www.serfes.org/royal/rememberingAnnaAnderson.htm.

  7 A Story of Escape

  1. AA to Rathlef-Keilmann, notes of June 22, 1925, in Rathlef-Keilmann notes, in Hamburg, Bln III, loose.

  2. Affidavit of Baroness Marie von Kleist, July 5, 1929, entered into evidence May 20, 1958, in Hamburg, III, 569–574.

  3. Rathlef-Keilmann, 23.

  4. Ibid., 89.

  5. Statement of Baron Arthur von Kleist, June 20, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 48.

  6. Rathlef-Keilmann, 90.

  7. Marie Clara Peuthert to Princess Irene of Hesse, Princess Heinrich of Prussia, letter of August 23, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 52.

  8. AA to Rathlef-Keilmann, notes of June 30, 1925, in Rathlef-Keilmann notes, in Hamburg, Bln III, loose.

  9. Statement of Baron Arthur von Kleist, June 20, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 48.

  10. Marie Clara Peuthert to Princess Irene of Hesse, Princess Heinrich of Prussia, letter of August 23, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 51.

  11. AA, dictated replies to questions, May 8, 1929, page 8, in Ian Lilburn Collection.

  12. Rathlef-Keilmann, 93; see Kurth, 400, n. 33; AA, conversations with Alexei Miliukov, August 20, 1966, in Miliukov tapes.

  13. AA to Rathlef-Keilmann, notes of June 20, 1925, in Rathlef-Keilmann notes, in Hamburg, Bln III, loose.

  14. Statement of Baron von Kleist, August 4, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 49; Marie Clara Peuthert to Princess Irene of Hesse, Princess Heinrich of Prussia, letter of August 23, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 51–52; AA to Rathlef-Keilmann, notes of June 21, 1925, in Rathlef-Keilmann notes, in Hamburg, Bln III, loose.

  15. Statement of Baron von Kleist, August 4, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 49; Marie Clara Peuthert to Princess Irene of Hesse, Princess Heinrich of Prussia, letter of August 23, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 51–52; AA to Rathlef-Keilmann, notes of June 21, 1925, in Rathlef-Keilmann notes, in Hamburg, Bln III, loose.

  16. Zenaide Tolstoy to Baron Arthur von Kleist, August 4, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 49; Gertrude Spindler to former Russian ambassador in Bucharest Pokloevsky-Kozell, in Pokloevsky-Kozell letter to Serge Botkin, May 17, 1926, in Gilliard and Savitch, 146; Marie Clara Peuthert to Princess Irene of Hesse, Princess Heinrich of Prussia, letter of August 23, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 52; statement of Dr. Sonnenschein of St. Mary’s Hospital, in Ian Lilburn Collection; Rathlef-Keilmann, 91–93.

  17. Rathlef-Keilmann, 91.

  18. Statement of Baron Arthur von Kleist, June 20, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 48; statement of Baron Arthur von Kleist, quoting Zenaide Tolstoy, August 4, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 49; Marie Clara Peuthert to Princess Irene of Hesse, Princess Heinrich of Prussia, letter of August 23, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 51–52; Pokloevsky-Kozell, letter to Serge Botkin, May 17, 1926, in Gilliard and Savitch, 146; Bonhoeffer report, March 18, 1926, in Hamburg, XIV, 2389–2402.

  19. Rathlef-Keilmann, 91–92.

  20. Auclères, 235.

  21. Ra
thlef-Keilmann, 31.

  22. Rathlef-Keilmann, 94–95; Gertrude Spindler to former Russian ambassador in Bucharest Pokloevsky-Kozell, in Pokloevsky-Kozell letter to Serge Botkin, May 17, 1926, in Gilliard and Savitch, 146; AA to Rathlef-Keilmann, notes of December 9, 1925, in Rathlef-Keilmann notes, in Hamburg, Bln III, loose.

  23. AA, dictated replies to questions, May 8, 1929, p. 7, in Ian Lilburn Collection.

  24. Statement of Baron Arthur von Kleist, quoting Zenaide Tolstoy, August 4, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 49.

  25. Statement of Dr. Karl Sonnenschein, in Ian Lilburn Collection; AA to Rathlef-Keilmann, notes of December 9, 1925, in Rathlef-Keilmann notes, in Hamburg, Bln III, loose.

  26. Statement of Baron Arthur von Kleist, August 10, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 49.

  27. Kurth, 34.

  28. Statement of Baron Arthur von Kleist, August 10, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 49; Marie Clara Peuthert to Princess Irene of Hesse, Princess Heinrich of Prussia, letter of August 23, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 52; letter of Inspector Franz Grunberg, June 19, 1925, in Hamburg, XIV, 2540–2545.

  29. AA to Rathlef-Keilmann, June 30, 1925, in Rathlef-Keilmann notes, in Hamburg, Bln III, loose.

  30. Rathlef-Keilmann, 30–31.

  31. Affidavit of Agnes Gallagher, December 22, 1930, in Hamburg, XXIV, 4481–4493; statement of Baron Arthur von Kleist, quoting Zenaide Tolstoy, August 4, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 49; statement of Dr. Karl Sonnenschein, in Ian Lilburn Collection.

  32. Krug von Nidda, 99.

  33. Statement of Baron Arthur Kleist, August 10, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 49–50; Inspector Franz Grunberg, letter of June 19, 1925, in Hamburg, XIV, 2540–2545.

  34. Statement of Baron Arthur Kleist, August 10, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 49–50; Marie Clara Peuthert to Princess Irene of Hesse, Princess Heinrich of Prussia, letter of August 23, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 51–52; letter of Inspector Franz Grunberg, June 19, 1925, in Hamburg, XIV, 2540–2545; statement of Dr. Karl Sonnenschein, in Ian Lilburn Collection.

  35. Statement of Baron Arthur Kleist, August 10, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 49.

  36. Marie Clara Peuthert to Princess Irene of Hesse, Princess Heinrich of Prussia, letter of August 23, 1922, in Gilliard and Savitch, 52.