Wild Ones: A Sometimes Dismaying, Weirdly Reassuring Story About Looking at People Lookingat Animals in America
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INDEX
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Achille Lauro, 152
Adams, John, 49
Airlie Center, 264, 265
Alani plant, 58–59
Allen, Robert Porter, 198–200, 206
American Bison Society, 142, 144
American Incognitum, see mammoths
America’s Teaching Zoo, 158
Amstrup, Steven, 23–24, 98–99
Animal Planet, 31, 79n, 243
antelope, 143
Anthropocene epoch, 3
Antioch Dunes evening primrose, 107
Antioch Dunes National Wildlife Refuge, 105–8, 111–12, 125–26, 132, 147, 149, 150, 163
biodiversity of, 127
buckwheat in, 112–14, 133–34, 147, 150, 154, 156, 173–74
dune cycles at, 111–13, 149, 154–55
entomologists at, 124–28, 166
Fish and Wildlife Service’s purchase of, 148–50
gypsum plant in, 105–6, 125
hairy vetch in, 113–14, 134
herbicides in, 243–44
Humphrey the Humpback and, 153–56, 243
Johnson and, 156, 157–62, 166, 173–74
Lange’s metalmark butterflies at, see Lange’s metalmark butterflies
Powell and, 125–28, 132–34, 155, 166, 182, 293
power plants and, 190–91
aoudad sheep, 252, 253
Aransas National Wildlife Refuge, 200
Archibald, George, 217–20, 222, 224, 233, 237, 266–67
Arctic, 53, 115, 181
armadillos, 231
Army Corps of Engineers, 167
Arnold, Richard, 147, 148, 155–56
Assiniboine Park Zoo, 21
Atala butterflies, 112
Aucilla River, 272
Audubon Society, 64, 122, 287
Audubon Zoo, 197
Babcock, Squire, 230, 233
babies, 61, 170
bald eagles, 57, 59, 129, 146, 240
bats, 60n, 160
bears, 60n, 63–69, 71
grizzly, 31, 57, 64–66, 68, 143, 175, 181–82
Kodiak, 98
polar, see polar bears
Roosevelt and, 61–63, 68, 69, 71–72, 142
teddy, 62–64, 69–71, 142, 176
beavers, 130, 141
Behr, Hans Hermann, 121–23, 125, 129
Benchley, Peter, 30
Benga, Ota, 141
Bergen, Candice, 241
Berryman, Clifford, 62
Beston, Henry, 5
bighorn sheep, 60n, 252, 253
Billy Possums, 70–71
biodiversity, 160–62, 188
in Antioch Dunes, 127
military bases and, 162–63
Biography of a Grizzly, The (Seton), 64–65
biological species concept, 179
biophilia, 170
birds, 64, 122, 130, 142, 163, 289
accelerating evolutionary change and, 181–82
DDT and, 59, 240
eagles, 57, 59, 64, 129, 146, 240
geese, see geese
Gibbs and, 268–70
Kittlitz’s murrelets, 56, 72
Lishman’s view of, 221
pheasants, 143
pigeons, 60n, 136–37, 231, 258
robins, 39
sandhill cranes, 143, 214, 222–25, 258, 267
seabirds, 2, 56, 72
taxidermy of, 137n
whooping cranes, see whooping cranes
bison, see buffalo, bison
Blue Water, White Death, 30–31
Bootlegger, 152–53
Böttcher, Ursula, 28
Bronx Zoo, 140
Brown, Bob, 283–84, 286
Buchanan, Robert, 17–18, 37–38, 42, 43, 66, 85–90, 96, 98, 101, 144, 245
buckwheat, naked stem, 112–14, 133–34, 147, 150, 154, 156, 173–74
buffalo, bison, 137–38, 231, 251–53
American Bison Society and, 142, 144
Hornaday and, 138–39, 141–42, 144, 157, 188, 199
Buffon, Georges-Louis Leclerc, 45–50, 143
Bureau of Biological Survey, 63–64
Burnett, D. Graham, 242
Bush administration, 55, 56, 59, 72–73
Busy Spring for Grandella the Gray Fox, A (Carroll), 83
butterflies, 107–8, 117–18, 119–24, 146, 161, 163, 166, 169
Atala, 112
captive rearing of, 164–65, 187
changing habitats and, 122–23
collecting, 121–24
Gulf fritillary, 184–85
host plants of, 112
Human Folly blue, 168–69
Johnson and, 156, 157–62, 163–66, 173–74
Lange’s metalmark, see Lange’s metalmark butterflies
Mattoni and, 162–69, 182, 184–88
Mormon metalmark, 182–85
O’Brien and, 116–18, 119–20, 123, 129, 132–33
Palos Verdes blue, 162–66, 168, 182
in San Francisco Bay Area, 120–24
Sonoran blue, 167
taxonomy and, 179–85
Xerces blue, 122–24
Butterfly Project, 157–61, 166, 173–74
California Academy of Sciences, 20
camels, 131–32
Canadian Eskimo dogs, 75
Canadian Geographic, 77
carbon emissions, 55, 87
Carnegie, Andrew, 139
Carroll, Margie, 82–84
Carson, Rachel, Silent Spring, 239, 240
cats, 60n
cellular biology, 140
Center for Biological Diversity, 53–55, 58, 59, 72–74, 170
charismatic animals, 57, 59–60, 154, 160, 187, 212
Chassahowitzka National Wildlife Refuge, 265, 267–68, 272–73
cheetahs, 131
children, 169–73, 175–76, 230n
author’s daughter, see Mooallem, Isla
books for, 65–66, 82–83, 169–70, 235–36
Churchill, Manitoba, 26–27, 75, 84
Fort Churchill, 13–14, 26–27
polar bear attacks in, 31–32
polar bear population decline in, 35–36
polar bears in, 13–24, 25–45, 76–92, 93–101
Churchill Motel, 31
Clean Air Act, 55
climate change, 15–16, 18–20, 39, 56, 74, 129, 188, 259, 292
Arctic and, 53, 115, 181
emissions and, 55
polar bears and, 6, 15, 19, 20, 22, 34–42, 53–56, 74, 85, 93–94, 96–97, 114–15, 181–82
public attention to, 53
United Nations panel and, 53–54
whooping cranes and, 281
C’mon Geese, 221, 224
Coca-Cola, 98
cod, 128
Collier, Holt, 62
Collins, Judy, 241
Columbus, Christopher, 135
communication, interspecies, 233–34
Communications Research Institute, 236–38
Compayre, Dennis, 42–44, 77
Condie, Liz, 229
conservation, conservationists, 131, 146, 187, 192, 202, 203, 238, 240, 253, 257–58, 287, 289, 293
ecosystem repair and, 160
Hornaday and, 141, 144
human-animal boundaries and, 251–54
conservation reliance, 114–15
Continental Congress, 47, 50
Contra Costa wallflower, 107
Coolidge, Calvin, 260
Cooper, John, 278
cormorants, 258
Cornell University, 252
Cottle, James, 121–26, 129
cougars, pumas, mountain lions, 48, 60, 60n, 63, 67–68
Cox, Daniel J., 93–96, 114
coyotes, 63–64, 252, 253
cranes:
sandhill, 143, 214, 222–25, 258, 267
whooping, see whooping cranes
Craniacs, 228–30, 233, 250, 273, 282, 291, 294, 295
crocodiles, 3
Cronkite, Walter, 242
cultural carrying capacity, 21–22
Cummings, Brendan, 55, 56, 59
Current Issues in Tourism, 34
Curwood, James Oliver, 68–69
DDT, 59, 240
Dean, James, 137
Declaration of Independence, 47
deer, 130, 143, 258, 285
Defense, Department of, 162
Defense Fuel Support Point, San Pedro, 162
degeneracy theory, 45–50, 143
Dehler, Gregory, 140
Delhi Sands flower-loving flies, 167–68
Derocher, Andrew, 34–37, 94
diamondback terrapins, 135
DiCaprio, Leonardo, 54
Disney, 79n, 230n
disturbance ecosystems, 111, 154–55
dogs:
Canadian Eskimo, 75
polar bears and, 77, 79–81
dolphins, 60n, 235, 236
Howe and, 237–38
Lilly and, 236–38
Donlan, Josh, 130–32
Doremus, Holly, 148–49, 181, 253, 259
Douglass, George, 197–200, 206
ducks, 221
Duff, Joe, 202–3, 205, 207–9, 211, 224–26, 230n, 231, 250, 262, 264, 273, 275, 278–82, 295
Dugard, Jaycee, 108
Dugatkin, Lee Alan, 47, 49
eagles, 57, 59, 64, 129, 146, 240
ecosystems, 187, 192, 277
disturbance, 111, 154–55
ecosystem services, 160
elephants, 131
Eliasson, Kelsey, 42
elk, 240, 253, 285
Endangered Species Act, 7, 22, 52, 55–57, 59, 68, 73–74, 145–46, 168, 169, 181, 202, 288
ecosystems and, 187
species definitions and, 181, 183
endangered species list, 55–59, 72
bald eagles and, 129
Delhi Sands flower-loving flies and, 168
polar bears and, 52–53, 55–56, 59, 72–74
endangered species protection, volunteers in, 110–11
environmental campaigning, radical, 242–43
environmental generational amnesia, 129, 136
Euing, Susan, 132–34
evolution:
human acceleration of, 181–82
taxonomy and, 179
extermination, 63–64, 138
extinction, 44–45, 144
managing, 131
extinction of experience, 161, 178
falcons, peregrine, 3
Father Goose (Lishman), 230n
Federal Aviation Administration (FAA), 291, 294, 296
filmmakers, 79n
Findleton, Jack, 152n
fish, 61
collapsing populations of, 128
Owens pupfish, 283–90
salmon, 2–3, 285
snail darters, 57
stocking of, 285
Fish and Wildlife Service, 57, 73, 106, 107, 113, 114, 129, 132–34, 147, 154–56, 160, 166, 181, 182, 190, 212n, 293
Antioch Dunes purchased by, 148–50
herbicides used by, 243–44
whooping cranes and, 209, 211
fishing, 128, 285
Fish Slough, 283–90
Fly Away Home, 230n
Fort Churchill, 13–14, 26–27
Franklin, Benjamin, 47–49
Free Willy, 230n
French, John, 250, 256–57, 259
Freud, Sigmund, 171
Friends of the Earth, 235
frogs, 111
Frontiers North Adventures, 32–33, 41–43, 85
Furbish’s louseworts, 60
Garfield, James A., 138
Garrido, Phillip, 108
geese, 205, 257, 258
Fly Away Home and, 230n
Lishman and, 221, 223–26, 234
Gee Whiz (whooping crane), 219, 200
Georgia Billy Possum Co., 70
Georgia-Pacific Antioch Wallboard Plant, 105–6, 125
Gibbs, Clarice, 265–71
Gimbel, Peter, 30
Glacier Bay wolf spider, 56, 61
global warming, see climate change
Golden Compass, The, 54
goats, 60n
Gore, Al, 53
gorillas, 234
green energy projects, 289
greenhouse gases, 55, 73, 85–86
Greenpeace, 241–44
grizzly bears, 31, 57, 64–66, 68, 143, 175, 181–82
Grizzly King, The: A Romance of the Wild (Curwood), 68–69
ground sloths, 130
Gulf fritillary butterflies, 184–85
Gunter, John, 32–33
Guravich, Dan, 27–28
hairy vetch, 113–14, 134
Harper’s Magazine, 260
hawks, 64
Hickel, Walter, 238
Hornaday, William Temple, 8, 138–46, 169, 175, 188, 240, 244, 287, 289
buffalo and, 138–39, 141–42, 144, 157, 188, 199
Our Vanishing Wildlife: Its Extermination and Preservation, 142–45, 258
Thirty Years War for Wild Life: Gains and Losses in the Thankless Task, 287–88
horses, 131
Horwich, Robert, 222–24
Howe, Margaret, 237–38
Hudson Bay, 46, 87
polar bears and, 31, 34–37, 93
seaport of, 39
Human-Animal Studies, 60n
Human Folly blue butterflies, 168–69
Humphrey the Humpback, 150–56, 174, 175, 232–34, 243
hunting, 143–44
Hutcheson Memorial Forest, 148–49
IBM, 235, 241
imprinting, 218, 221
whooping cranes and, 205, 218, 222
Incognitum, see mammoths
Inconvenient Truth, An, 53
Ingebrigtson, Mark, 39
insects, 146, 163, 177–78, 188
butterflies, see butterflies
Interior, Department of, 162
International Crane Foundation, 218, 222, 223, 250, 251, 267
International Whaling Commission, 236, 246
International Whooping Crane Recovery Team, 249
interspecies communication, 233–34
“Invertebrate Conservation at the Gates of Hell” (Longcore and Rich), 163
Jaws, 30
jellyfish, 128
Jefferson, Thomas, 8, 22, 44–45, 47–51, 64, 244
Buffon and, 45–50, 143
Notes on the State of Virginia, 45, 50, 142–43
Jefferson County, Fla., 271–73, 278
jellyfish, 60n
Johnson, Jana, 156, 157–66, 173–74
Josephine and Pete (whooping cranes), 197–98, 200–202, 217
Kahn, Peter H., Jr., 128–29
Kellert, Stephen, 61, 67, 172
Kempthorne, Dirk, 73
Kittlitz’s murrelets, 56, 72
Kodiak bears, 98
Krause, Bernie, 152n
Ladies’ Home Journal, 63, 69
Ladoon, Brian, 75–82
ladybugs, 60n
Lange, William Harry, 124–26, 182
Lange’s metalmark butterflies, 5–6, 106–17, 122, 124–25, 127, 133, 146–50, 154–56, 169, 173–74, 188–93, 201
buckwheat and, 112–14, 133–34, 147, 150, 154, 156, 173–74
capturing of females for breeding, 157–59, 173–74, 173–74, 187
description of, 182–83
flight period of, 109
herbicides and, 243–44
Johnson and, 156, 157–62, 166
power plants and, 190–91
taxonomy and, 179, 182–84
Leaf (Nissan car), 20, 35
Leibovitz, Annie, 54
Leist, Sam, 88, 89, 91
lemmings, 79n
Leopold, Aldo, 219
Lepidopterists’ Society, 125, 166
Life, 149
Lilly, John, 236–38, 241
lions, 67, 130, 131–32
Lipscomb, James, 29–31
Lishman, William, 220–21, 223–26, 230, 230n, 234, 264
lizards, 60
lobsters, 60n
London, Jack, 65
Long, William, 65
Longcore, Travis, 163
Los Angeles Times, 57, 67, 70, 219
louseworts, 60
Madison, James, 48
mammoths (American Incognitum), 45, 50–51, 60n, 64, 130, 143, 231, 272
maple trees, 149
Mattoni, Rudi, 162–69, 182, 184–88, 244, 293
McIntyre, Joan (Joana Varawa), 8, 234–46, 257, 277, 293
McNaney, James, 137
McVay, Scott, 235n
megafauna, 57, 130–31, 199, 231
Melson, Gail, 230n
Mendocino Ridge incident, 241–43, 245–46
mice, Preble’s meadow jumping, 181
Michtom, Rose, 63
military bases, 162–63
Mind in the Waters: A Book to Celebrate the Consciousness of Whales and Dolphins (McIntyre), 239, 241
Mind of the Dolphin, The (Lilly), 238
monkeys, 60
monkfish, 128
Monroe, James, 49
Mooallem, Isla, 1, 4, 8–9, 20, 77, 84, 85, 87–88, 90–92, 136, 169, 173–76, 178, 259–61, 265, 283, 288, 290
Mooallem, Wandee, 84, 87, 91, 92, 169, 173, 174
Moorpark College, 157–60, 166, 172
moose, 48–49, 111, 252
Mormon metalmark butterflies, 182–85
moths, pink bollworm, 164–65
mountain lions, cougars, pumas, 48, 60, 60n, 63, 67–68
mountain sheep, 60n, 143, 252, 253
Muir, John, 285
Murphy, Gerald, 263
mussels, 59
Mutanen, Tommy, 31–32, 97
naked stem buckwheat, 112–14, 133–34, 147, 150, 154, 156, 173–74
Nat Geo Wild, 79n
National Geographic, 80, 202
National Geographic Society, 28–29, 44
National Zoo, 140
Natural History (Buffon), 46
nature, 192
Nature, 130
Nature 1st, 29
Necedah National Wildlife Refuge, 207–10, 212, 222, 223, 226, 227, 229, 231, 247–50, 256, 259–60, 263, 265, 269, 290, 292, 294
wetlands of, 212n
New Line Cinema, 54
New York Times, 30, 57, 69, 140, 142, 175–76, 178, 200, 235n, 258
New York Zoological Society, 140
Nightline, 151
Nissan Leaf, 20, 35
Nixon, Richard, 57, 146