Anonymous Soldiers

by Bruce Hoffman

  Shamir, Yitzhak. “Mado’a ha-lehi hitnakshu b’ Lord Moyne?” [Why did the Lehi assassinate Lord Moyne?]. Ha’uma [The nation] 119 (1995).

  ——. Summing Up: An Autobiography. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1994.

  Storrs, Sir Ronald. Orientations. London: Ivor Nicholson & Watson, 1939.

  Sutherland, David. He Who Dares: Recollections of Service in the SAS, SBS, and MI5. Annapolis, Md.: Naval Institute Press, 1999.

  Tauber, Eliezer, ed. Military Resistance in Late Mandatory Palestine: The Activities of the Jewish and Arab Military Organizations as Reflected in the Reports of High Commissioner General Sir Alan Cunningham. Ramat Gan: Bar-Ilan University Press, 2012.

  Tavin, Eli. “HaShagrirut HaBritit Be-Roma: HaMatara HaRishona shel HaHazit HaShnia” [The British embassy in Rome: The first target of the second front], b’Eretz Israel (Nov. 1986).

  Ullendorff, Edward. Two Zions: Reminiscences of Jerusalem and Ethiopia. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1988.

  Weizman, Ezer. On Eagles’ Wings: The Personal Story of the Leading Commander of the Israeli Air Force. Tel Aviv: Steimatsky, 1979.

  Weizmann, Chaim. Trial and Error: The Autobiography of Chaim Weizmann. Vol. 2. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1949.

  Weizmann, Vera. The Impossible Takes Longer: The Memoirs of Vera Weizmann, Wife of Israel’s First President, as Told to David Tutaev. New York: Harper & Row, 1967.

  Wilson, Major R. D. Cordon and Search: With 6th Airborne Division in Palestine. Aldershot: Gale & Polden, 1949.

  Yalin-Mor, Nathan. “The British Called Us the Stern Gang.” Israel Magazine, Feb. 1973, 76–84.

  ——. Lohamei Herut Israel: anashim, ra’ayanot, alilot [Fighters for the freedom of Israel: People, ideas, deeds]. Jerusalem: Shikmona, 1974.

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  PRINTED SOURCES: SECONDARY

  Abrahms, Max. “Why Terrorism Does Not Work.” International Security 31, no. 2 (Fall 2006): 42–78.

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  Andrew, Christopher. Defence of the Realm: The Authorized History of MI5. London: Allen Lane, 2009.

  ——. Her Majesty’s Secret Service: The Making of the British Intelligence Community. New York: Viking, 1986.

  Anglim, Simon. Orde Wingate: The Iron Wall and Counter-terrorism in Palestine, 1937–39. Shrivenham, Wiltshire: Strategic and Combat Studies Institute, 2005.

  Antonius, George. The Arab Awakening: The Story of the Arab National Movement. New York: Paragon, 1979.

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  Azaryahu, Maoz. Tel Aviv: Mythology of a City. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 2007.

  Bahri, Nasser, al-. Guarding Bin Laden: My Life in al-Qaeda. With Georges Malbrunot. London: Thin Man Press, 2013.

  Barker, James. “The Bombing of the King David Hotel.” History Today 56, no. 7 (July 2006): 50–56.

  Barnett, Correlli. The Desert Generals. London: William Kimber, 1960.

  Barr, James. A Line in the Sand: The Anglo-French Struggle for the Middle East, 1914–1948. New York: W. W. Norton, 2012.

  Bartlett, C. J. The Long Retreat: A Short History of British Defence Policy, 1945–1970. London: Macmillan, 1972.

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  Bauer, Yehuda. Flight and Rescue: Brichah. New York: Random House, 1970.

  ——. “From Cooperation to Resistance: The Haganah, 1938–1946.” Middle Eastern Studies 2, no. 3 (April 1966): 182–210.

  ——. From Diplomacy to Resistance: A History of Jewish Palestine, 1939–1945. New York: Atheneum, 1973.

  ——. My Brother’s Keeper: A History of the American Jewish Joint Distribution Committee, 1929–1939. Philadelphia: Jewish Publication Society of America, 1974.

  Baumel, Judith Tydor. The “Bergson Boys” and the Origins of Contemporary Zionist Militancy. Syracuse, N.Y.: Syracuse University Press, 2005.

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  ——. “Our Friend: What Wingate Did for Us.” In From Haven to Conquest: Readings in Zionism and the Palestine Problem Until 1948, edited by Walid Khalidi. Beirut: Institute for Palestine Studies, 1971.

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  Broido, Vera. Apostles into Terrorists: Women and the Revolutionary Movement in the Russia of Alexander II. London: Maurice Temple Smith, 1977.

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  ——. The Life and Times of Ernest Bevin. Vol. 1, Trade Union Leader, 1881–1940. London: Heinemann, 1960.

  ——. The Life and Times of Ernest Bevin.
Vol. 2, Minister of Labour, 1940–1945. London: Heinemann, 1960.

  Cahill, Richard Andrew. “ ‘Going Beserk’: ‘Black and Tans’ in Palestine.” Jerusalem Quarterly 38 (Summer 2009): 59–68.

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  Carr, Caleb. The Lessons of Terror: A History of Warfare Against Civilians—Why It Has Always Failed and Why It Will Fail Again. New York: Random House, 2002.

  Cesarani, David. Major Farran’s Hat: Murder, Scandal, and Britain’s War Against Jewish Terrorism, 1945–1948. London: William Heinemann, 2009.

  Charters, David A. The British Army and Jewish Insurgency in Palestine, 1945–47. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1989.

  ——. “British Intelligence in the Palestine Campaign, 1945–47.” Intelligence and National Security 6, no. 1 (Jan. 1991): 115–40.

  ——. “Special Operations in Counter-insurgency: The Farran Case, Palestine, 1947.” Journal of the Royal United Services Institute for Defence Studies 124, no. 2 (June 1979).

  Clark, Christopher. The Sleepwalkers: How Europe Went to War in 1914. New York: HarperCollins, 2012.

  Clarke, Peter. The Last Thousand Days of the British Empire: Churchill, Roosevelt, and the Birth of the Pax Americana. New York: Bloomsbury, 2008.

  Clarke, Thurston. By Blood and Fire: The Attack on the King David Hotel. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1981.

  Cohen, Hillel. Army of Shadows: Palestinian Collaboration with Zionism, 1917–1948. Berkeley: University of California Press, 2009.

  Cohen, Michael J. “British Strategy and the Palestine Question, 1936–39.” Journal of Contemporary History 7, no. 3/4 (July–Oct. 1972): 157–83.

  ——. “The Moyne Assassination, November 1944: A Political Analysis.” Middle Eastern Studies 15, no. 3 (Oct. 1979): 358–73.

  ——. Palestine and the Great Powers, 1945–1948. Princeton, N.J.: Princeton University Press, 1982.

  ——. Palestine: Retreat from the Mandate: The Making of British Policy, 1936–45. London: Paul Elek, 1978.

  ——. Palestine to Israel: From Mandate to Independence. London: Frank Cass, 1988.

  ——. Truman and Israel. Berkeley: University of California Press, 1990.

  ——. “The Zionist Perspective.” In The End of the Palestine Mandate, edited by Wm. Roger Louis and Robert W. Stookey. London: I. B. Tauris, 1986.

  Cohen, Mitchell. Zion and State: Nation, Class, and the Shaping of Modern Israel. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1987.

  Collins, Larry, and Dominique Lapierre. O Jerusalem! London: Pan Books, 1973.

  Colville, John. The Fringes of Power: Downing Street Diaries. Vol. 2, 1941–April 1955. London: Sceptre, 1987.

  ——. Man of Valour: The Life of Field-Marshal the Viscount Gort, VC, GCB, DSO, MVO, MC. London: Collins, 1972.

  Connell, John. Wavell: Scholar and Soldier. New York: Harcourt, Brace & World, 1964.

  Craster, Michael. “Cunningham, Ritchie, and Leese.” In Churchill’s Generals, edited by John Keegan. New York: Grove Weidenfeld, 1991.

  Crenshaw, Martha. “The Causes of Terrorism.” Comparative Politics 13, no. 4 (July 1981): 379–99.

  ——. “The Logic of Terrorism: Terrorist Behavior as a Product of Strategic Choice.” In Origins of Terrorism: Psychologies, Ideologies, Theologies, States of Mind, edited by Walter Reich. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 1992.

  Cunningham, Sir Alan. “Palestine—the Last Days of the Mandate.” International Affairs 24, no. 4 (Oct. 1948): 481–90.

  Danchev, Alex, and Daniel Todman. War Diaries, 1939–1945: Field Marshal Lord Alanbrooke. London: Phoenix, 2002.

  Davies, David Twiston. “Major Roy Farran.” “Daily Telegraph” Military Obituaries Book Two. London: Grubb Street, 2006.

  Dear, I. C. B. The Oxford Companion to the Second World War. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 1995.

  Dekel, Efraim. Shai: The Exploits of Hagana Intelligence. London: Thomas Yoseloff, 1959.

  Dewar, Michael. Brush Fire Wars: Minor Campaigns of the British Army Since 1945. New York: St. Martin’s Press, 1984.

  Dinur, Ben-Zion. Sefer toldo ha-Haganah [A history of the Haganah]. Tel Aviv: Ma’arhot, 1954–72.

  Dockerill, Michael. British Defence Since 1945. Oxford: Basil Blackwell, 1988.

  Dorrill, Stephan. MI6: Fifty Years of Special Operations. London: Fourth Estate, 2000.

  Eliav, Mordechai. Britain and the Holy Land, 1838–1914: Selected Documents from the British Consulate in Jerusalem. Jerusalem: Magnes Press, 1997.

  Esco Foundation for Palestine. Palestine: A Study of Jewish, Arab, and British Policies. Vol. 2. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 1947.

  Evans, Richard. The Coming of the Third Reich. New York: Penguin, 2003.

  ——. The Third Reich in Power. New York: Penguin, 2005.

  Fanon, Frantz. The Wretched of the Earth. London: Penguin, 1990.

  Fearne, Charles. Trial of the Honourable Admiral John Byng at a Court Martial. London: Manby, Whiston, White, 1757.

  Foot, M. R. D. SOE in France: An Account of the Work of the British Special Operations Executive in France, 1940–1944. London: HMSO, 1966.

  Ford, Franklin. Political Murder: From Tyrannicide to Terrorism. Cambridge, Mass.: Harvard University Press, 1985.

  Fowler, Will, Anthony North, and Charles Stronge. The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Pistols, Revolvers, and Submachine Guns. East Bridgewater, Mass.: World, 2011.

  Frank, Gerold. The Deed. New York: Simon & Schuster, 1963.

  ——. “The Moyne Case: A Tragic History.” Commentary, Dec. 1945, 64–71.

  French, David. The British Way in Counterinsurgency, 1945–1967. Oxford: Oxford University Press, 2011.

  Friedman, Isaiah. “The System of Capitulations and Its Effects on Turco-Jewish Relations in Palestine, 1901–1914.” In Palestine in the Late Ottoman Period: Political, Social, and Economic Transformation, edited by David Kushner. Jerusalem: Yad Izhak Ben-Zvi Institute for the Study of Eretz Israel; Leiden: E. J. Brill, 1986.

  Fromkin, David. A Peace to End All Peace: The Fall of the Ottoman Empire and the Creation of the Modern Middle East. New York: Holt, 2001.

  Fyvel, T. R. “Wingate in Palestine.” Encounter 64, no. 1 (1985).

  Garfield, Brian. The Meinertzhagen Mystery: The Life and Legend of a Colossal Fraud. Washington, D.C.: Potomac, 2007.

  Gervasi, Frank. The Life and Times of Menachem Begin: Rebel to Statesman. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1979.

  Gilbert, Martin. Churchill and the Jews: A Lifelong Friendship. New York: Henry Holt, 2007.

  ——. The Dent Atlas of the Arab-Israeli Conflict: The Complete History of the Struggle and the Efforts to Resolve It. London: J. M. Dent, 1993.

  ——. Exile and Return: The Struggle for a Jewish Homeland. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1978.

  ——. Winston S. Churchill: Finest Hour, 1939–1941. Vol. 6. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1983.

  ——. Winston S. Churchill: Never Despair, 1945–1965. Vol. 8. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1988.

  ——. Winston S. Churchill: Road to Victory, 1941–1945. Vol. 7. Boston: Houghton Mifflin, 1986.

  Gitlin, Jan. The Conquest of Acre Fortress. Tel Aviv: Hadar, 1974.

  Golan, Aviezer, and Shlomo Nakdimon. Begin. Jerusalem: Edanim, 1978.

  Golan, Zev. Free Jerusalem: Heroes, Heroines, and Rogues Who Created the State of Israel. Jerusalem: Devora, 2003.

  Golani, Matti. “Palestine, 1945–1948: A View from the High Commissioner’s Office.” In Britain, Palestine, and Empire: The Mandate Years, edited by Rory Miller. Burlington, Vt.: Ashgate, 2010.

  Goldhill, Simon. Jerusalem: City of Longing. Cambridge, Mass.: Belknap Press of Harvard University Press, 2008.

  Goldsworthy, David. Colonial Issues in British Politics, 1945–1961. Oxford: Clarendon, 1971.

  Gordon, Michael R. Conflict and Conse
nsus in Labour’s Foreign Policy, 1914–1965. Stanford, Calif.: Stanford University Press, 1969.

  Goren, Arthur A. “Sanctifying Scopus: Locating the Hebrew University on Mount Scopus.” In Jewish History and Jewish Memory: Essays in Honor of Yosef Hayim Yerushalmi, edited by John M. Efron and David N. Meyers. Hanover, N.H.: University Press of New England, 1998.

  Graham-Brown, Sarah. Palestinians and Their Society, 1880–1946. London: Quartet, 1980.

  Guinn, David E. Protecting Jerusalem’s Holy Sites: A Strategy for Negotiating a Sacred Peace. Cambridge, U.K.: Cambridge University Press, 2006.

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  Gurion, Itzhak. Triumph on the Gallows. New York: American Memorial Committee for the Martyrs of Eretz Israel and Brit Trumpeldor of America, 1950.

  Haber, Eitan. Menachem Begin: The Legend and the Man. New York: Dell, 1978.

  Hacker, Frederick J. Crusaders, Criminals, Crazies: Terror and Terrorism in Our Times. New York: W. W. Norton, 1976.

  Hadawi, Sami. Bitter Harvest: Palestine Between 1914–1967. New York: New World Press, 1967.

  Hamilton, Nigel. Monty: The Field-Marshal, 1944–1976. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1986.

  ——. Monty: The Making of a General, 1887–1942. London: Hamish Hamilton, 1981.

  Harris, Kenneth. Attlee. London: Weidenfeld & Nicolson, 1982.

  Heller, Joseph. The Birth of Israel, 1945–1949: Ben-Gurion and His Critics. Gainesville: University Press of Florida, 2003.

  ——. The Stern Gang: Ideology, Politics, and Terror, 1940–1949. London: Frank Cass, 1995.

  ——. “The Zionist Right and National Liberation: From Jabotinsky to Avraham Stern.” Israel Affairs 1, no. 3 (Spring 1995): 85–109.

  Herf, Jeffrey. Nazi Propaganda for the Arab World. New Haven, Conn.: Yale University Press, 2009.

  Hirst, David. The Gun and the Olive Branch: The Roots of Violence in the Middle East. London: Futura, 1978.

  “A History of Government House.” Reprinted from UNTSO Magazine, Nov./Dec. 1983.

  Hoffman, Bruce. Inside Terrorism. New York: Columbia University Press, 2006.

  ——. “The Logic of Suicide Terrorism: Lessons from Israel That America Must Learn.” Atlantic Monthly, June 2003, 40–47.