Coleridge- Darker Reflections

by Richard Holmes

  174Ibid, p. 512.

  175Letters, III, p. 446.

  176Literary Lectures, I, p. 509.

  177Ibid, p. 525.

  178Ibid, pp. 532, 544–5.

  179Ibid, p. 597.

  180Letters, III, p. 450.

  181Ibid, p. 455.

  182Ibid, p. 445.

  183Ibid, pp. 450–1.

  184Ibid, p. 452.

  185Ibid, pp. 452–7.

  186Ibid, p. 458.

  187Ibid, p. 453.

  188Ibid, p. 452.

  189Ibid, p. 454.

  190Ibid, p. 457.

  191Ibid p. 458.

  192Ibid p. 460.

  193Ibid, p. 460.

  194Ibid, p. 461.

  195Ibid p. 461.

  196Ibid, p. 462.

  197Ibid, p. 464n.

  198Ibid p. 462.

  199Ibid, p. 462.

  200Ibid, p. 490.

  201Ibid, p. 464.

  202Ibid p. 463.

  203Ibid, p. 463.

  204S.P., p. 213; P.W., pp. 425–6.

  Chapter 8: True Confessions

  1Letters, III, p. 490.

  2Ibid, p. 491.

  3Ibid, pp. 464–5.

  4Ibid, p. 477.

  5Ibid, p. 490.

  6Cottle, II, p. 169.

  7Letters, III, pp. 489–90.

  8Ibid, p. 495.

  9Lamb, III, pp. 101–2.

  10Southey, II, p. 94.

  11Ibid, p. 97.

  12Letters, III, p. 476.

  13Ibid, p. 482.

  14Ibid, p. 485.

  15Devonshire, pp. 214–5.

  16Letters, III, p. 502.

  17Ibid, p. 511.

  18Ibid, p. 506.

  19Ibid, p. 510.

  20Ibid, p. 520.

  21Allston, p. 75.

  22Shorter Works, I, p. 373.

  23Ibid, p. 373.

  24Ibid, p. 369.

  25Ibid, p. 373.

  26Letters, IV, pp. 564–5.

  27Ibid, pp. 513–4.

  28Letters, III, pp. 513–4.

  29Ibid, p. 518.

  30Letters, VI, p. 1030.

  31Allston, p. 104.

  32Allston, p. 107.

  33Letters, VI, pp. 1030–1.

  34Letters, III, p. 509.

  35Ibid, p. 519.

  36Ibid, p. 506.

  37Ibid, p. 521–5.

  38Robinson, Books, p. 448.

  39Letters, III, p. 525.

  40Ibid, p. 528.

  41Ibid, p. 528–9.

  42Ibid, p. 529.

  43Notebooks, III, 4194; S.P., p. 248.

  44Ibid, 4220.

  45Letters, III, p. 529.

  46Heritage, p. 188.

  47Letters from Lambeth, edited by Joanna Richardson, Royal Society of Literature, 1981, p. 132.

  48Minnow, p. 32.

  49Letters, III, p. 544.

  50Notebooks, III, 4234; S.P., p. 252; P.W., p. 513.

  51Berg Collection, NYPL; Essays, II, p. 373n.

  52Letters, III, p. 532.

  53Ibid, p. 530.

  54Ibid, p. 533.

  55Ibid, p. 543.

  56Notebooks, III, 4235.

  57Letters, III, p. 533n.

  58Ibid, p. 533.

  59Notebooks, III, 4239.

  60Letters, III, p. 536.

  61Ibid, p. 542.

  62A History of the Borough Town of Calne, by A.E.W. Marsh, 1903, p. 100.

  63Wiltshire County Record Office, Calne Survey Book (1828) and Street Property Guide Map: house sites no. 614 and no. 615.

  64Marsh, op. cit., p. 284.

  65Letters, IV, pp. 549–50.

  66Ibid, pp. 549, 553.

  67Ibid, p. 549.

  68Ibid, p. 547.

  69Ibid, p. 552.

  70Cottle, II, p. 183.

  71Letters, IV, p. 551.

  72Ibid, p. 561.

  73Ibid, pp. 559–63.

  74Byron, Letters & Journals, op. cit., pp. 285–6; Letters, IV, p. 563n.

  75see Catherine Wallace, The Design of the Biographia Literaria, Allen and Unwin, 1983; Kathleen Wheeler, Sources, Processes and Methods in Coleridge’s Biographia Literaria, Cambridge, 1980; and Rosemary Ashton, The Life of Samuel Taylor Coleridge: A Critical Biography, Blackwell, 1996: all invaluable sources for my account.

  76Biographia, I, p. 168.

  77Ibid, p. 3.

  78Ibid, p. 12.

  79Ibid, p. 5.

  80Ibid, p. 77.

  81Wordsworth, Middle Years, II, pp. 669–70.

  82Letters, IV, pp. 574–5.

  83Notebooks, III, 4243.

  84Letters, IV, p. 576.

  85Ibid, p. 577.

  86Biographia, I, p. 70.

  87Ibid, p. 82.

  88Ibid, p. 85.

  89Ibid, p. 85.

  90Ibid, p. 69. For an account of the Lyrical Ballads, see Early Visions, pp. 186–96.

  91Biographia, II, p. 5.

  92Ibid, p. 6.

  93Lamb, III, p. 192.

  94Selections from the Letters of Robert Southey, 4 vols, edited by John Warter, 1856, II, pp. 408–9.

  95Lamb, III, p. 187.

  96Letters, IV, p. 551n.

  97Lamb, III, p. 192.

  98Hartley, Appendix B, p. cxcviii.

  99Selections from the Letters of Southey, op. cit., II, pp. 408–9.

  100Letters, IV, p. 596; Notebooks, III, 4260.

  101Hartley, Appendix B, ‘Calne’.

  102Notebooks, III, 4249.

  103Biographia, II, pp. 15–17.

  104Ibid, p. 14.

  105Ibid, pp. 64, 66.

  106Ibid, pp. 144–50.

  107Ibid, pp. 148–9.

  108Ibid, p. 151.

  109Letters, IV, p. 585.

  110Ibid, p. 579.

  111Ibid, pp. 579–80.

  112Lamb, III, p. 192.

  113Ibid, p. 160.

  114Ibid, p. 162.

  115Biographia, I, p. 142.

  116Ibid, II, p. 283.

  117Ibid, p. 285.

  118Ibid, I, p. 65.

  119Ibid, p. 82.

  120Ibid, p. 168.

  121Ibid, p. 114.

  122Ibid, p. 151.

  123Letters, IV, p. 578.

  124Ibid, p. 585.

  125Biographia, I, pp. 119–20.

  126Ibid, pp. 124–5.

  127Ibid, p. 153.

  128Ibid, p. 160.

  129Ibid, p. 152.

  130Ibid, p. lxxxv.

  131Ibid, pp. 161–4.

  132Ibid, pp. cxxi, cxxv.

  133Thomas McFarland, Coleridge and the Pantheist Tradition, Oxford, 1969.

  134 Biographia, II, p. 254.

  135Biographia, I, pp. 161–4.

  136Letters, IV, p. 553.

  137Biographia, I, p. 187.

  138Ibid, p. 200.

  139Ibid, p. 194.

  140Ibid, p. 196; quoted in full in Early Visions, pp. 161–2.

  141Letters, IV, pp. 585–6.

  142Biographia, I, p. 224.

  143Ibid, pp. 272–5.

  144Ibid, pp. 272–83.

  145Ibid, p. 283.

  146Ibid, p. 290.

  147Notebooks, III, 4265.

  148Biographia, I, p. 238n.

  149Ibid, p. 244.

  150Ibid, p. 232.

  151Ibid, p. 239.

  152Ibid, p. 239.

  153Ibid, pp. 241–2.

  154Ibid, pp. 237–8 and note.

  155Table Talk, II, p. 293.

  156Biographia, I, p. 297.

  157Letters, IV, p. 728.

  158Biographia, I, p. 303.

  159Ibid, pp. 303–4.

  160Letters, IV, p. 588.

  161Biographia, I, pp. 304–5.

  162Biographia, II, pp. 247–8; for the stars of childhood see Early Visions, pp. 18–19.

  163Letters, IV, pp. 551n, 587.

  164Ibid, p. 592.

  165Byron, Letters and Journals, op. cit., IV, pp. 318–9/

  166Letters, IV, pp. 603–5.
/>   167Byron, Letters and Journals, op. cit., IV, p. 324.

  168Ibid, p. 324.

  169Ibid, p. 331.

  170Letters, IV, p. 606.

  171Ibid, p. 607n.

  172Ibid, p. 609.

  173Ibid, p. 615.

  174Ibid, p. 613.

  175Ibid, p. 611.

  176Notebooks, III, 4278.

  177Ibid, 4294.

  178Ibid, 4269.

  179Ibid, 4272.

  180Letters, IV, p. 617.

  181Ibid, p. 615.

  182Notebooks, III, 4287.

  183Ibid, 4306.

  184S.P., p. 85; P.W., p. 191.

  185Printed with gloss compact on verse; S.P., p. 85; P.W., p. 197.

  186S.P., p. 99; P.W., p. 208.

  187Letters, IV, p. 619.

  188Ibid, p. 612.

  189Ibid, p. 622.

  190Ibid, p. 618–9.

  191Ibid, p. 622n.

  192The Royal Literary Fund Archive, London. The Fund received its Royal title in 1818, and continues its noble work for distressed authors to this day. Letters, IV, p. 621n.

  193Letters, IV, p. 622n.

  194Ibid, pp. 622–3.

  195Ibid, p. 624.

  Chapter 9: Climbing Highgate Hill

  1Heritage, p. 277.

  2Lamb, III, pp. 210–11.

  3Letters, IV, p. 625n.

  4Robinson, Books, p. 182.

  5Letters, IV, pp. 628–9 and Note. Gillman, p. 272.

  6Ibid.

  7Preface to ‘Kubla Khan’, S.P., p. 229.

  8Talker, p. 269.

  9Letters, IV, p. 641.

  10Ibid, p. 634.

  11Ibid, pp. 662, 681.

  12Gillman, pp. 271–3.

  13Letters, IV, p. 630.

  14Ibid, p. 630.

  15Lamb, III, p. 215.

  16Letters, IV, p. 630.

  17Letters, VI, pp. 1041–2.

  18Robinson, Books, p. 185.

  19Letters, IV, p. 634n.

  20Minnow, p. 48.

  21Notebooks, III, 4313.

  22Letters, IV, p. 669.

  23Shorter Works, I, p. 454ff.

  24Letters, IV, p. 690.

  25The Greatest Benefit to Mankind: A Medical History of Humanity, by Roy Porter, HarperCollins, 1997, p. 334.

  26Notebooks, III, 4319–20.

  27Letters, IV, pp. 672–3.

  28Southey, II, pp. 155–6.

  29Heritage, p. 207.

  30Ibid, pp. 208–9.

  31Ibid, p. 212.

  32S.P., p. 229; P.W., p. 296.

  33‘Kubla Khan and the Art of Thingifying’, by Katherine Wheeler in Romanticism: A Critical Reader, edited by Duncan Wu, Blackwell, 1995.

  34Holmes, Shelley, op. cit., pp. 328–31.

  35Letters, IV, pp. 649, 652–3.

  36Ibid, p. 666.

  37Ibid, p. 663.

  38Heritage, pp. 234–5.

  39Letters, V, p. 437.

  40Heritage, p. 250.

  41Ibid, pp. 249–50.

  42Ibid, p. 252.

  43Letters, IV, pp. 669–70.

  44Ibid, p. 658.

  45Ibid, pp. 672–3.

  46Lay Sermons, p. 24.

  47Wordsworth, Middle Years, II, p. 780.

  48Lay Sermons, pp. 40–2.

  49Ibid, p. 30.

  50Ibid, pp. 30, 81.

  51Heritage, p. 255.

  52Ibid, pp. 257–9.

  53Ibid, p. 263.

  54Letters, IV, p. 673.

  55Ibid, pp. 682–4.

  56Ibid, p. 685.

  57Ibid, p. 678.

  58Shorter Works, I, p. 486. The full title is: ‘Hints Towards the Formation of a More Comprehensive Theory of Life’, and it was first published posthumously, edited by Seth B. Watson, London, 1848. For an animated account of the Vitalist controversy see Hermione De Almeida, ‘Polarity and Coleridge’, in Romantic Medicine and John Keats, Oxford, 1991.

  59Letters, IV, p. 690.

  60Biographia, II, p. 296.

  61Letters, IV, p. 659, 704N.

  62Biographia, II, pp. 298–9.

  63Letters, IV, p. 711.

  64Southey, II, p. 176.

  65Lay Sermons, p. 139.

  66Early Visions, pp. 384–6.

  67Lay Sermons, pp. 189–91.

  68Ibid, pp. 203–7.

  69Ibid, p. 207.

  70Ibid, pp. 228–9.

  71Ibid, p. xl.

  72Ibid, p. 243.

  73Ibid, p. 240.

  74Heritage, pp. 289–94.

  75Letters, IV, pp. 714, 718.

  76Ibid, p. 711.

  77Ibid, p. 711.

  78Ibid, p. 714.

  79Thomas Love Peacock, Headlong Hall, 1816, Chapter 3. See The Complete Novels of T.L. Peacock, 2 vols, edited by David Garnett, 1963, I, p. 21. There is a fine discussion in Peacock Displayed: A Satirist in his Context, by Marilyn Butler, Routledge, 1979.

  80Peacock, Melincourt, 1817, Chapter 31. See Complete Novels, op. cit., I, p. 277.

  81Ibid, p. 277.

  82Letters, IV, p. 739.

  83Ibid, p. 751.

  84Ibid, p. 755.

  85Ibid, p. 755.

  86Poole, II, p. 257.

  87Ibid, p. 258.

  88Ibid, p. 257.

  89Letters, IV, pp. 766–7.

  90Ibid, pp. 766–7.

  91Heritage, p. 320.

  92Ibid, pp. 298–322.

  93Ibid, pp. 330, 348.

  94Ibid, p. 350.

  95Ibid, p. 405.

  96Ibid, pp. 405–8.

  97Letters, IV, p. 786.

  98Peacock, Complete Novels, op. cit., I, p. 394.

  99Holmes, Shelley, op. cit., p. 360.

  100‘Letter to Maria Gisborne’, 1820, lines 202–08.

  101Keats, Letters (28 October 1817), p. 31.

  102Ibid, p. 43, (27 December 1817).

  103Byron, Letters and Journals, op. cit., V, p. 267.

  104Byron, ‘Dedication’ (September 1818), to Don Juan, Canto 1, lines 21–4. Letters and Journals, op. cit., V, p. 267. Quoted in ‘Detached Thoughts’, October 1821, op. cit., IX, p. 24; “Tell me if I have not as good a right to the character of ‘Vates’ in both senses of the word [divinely inspired bard or prophetpoet]…as Coleridge.” op. cit., VII, p. 84, (April 1820).

  105Biographia, II, pp. 239–40.

  106Ibid, p. 216.

  107Wordsworth, Middle Years, II, p. 791.

  108Robinson, Books, p. 213.

  109Talker, pp. 125–6.

  110Letters, IV, p. 780–1, p. 832.

  111Letters, IV, p. 780; S.P., p. 23; P.W., p. 435.

  112Letters, IV, p. 779.

  113Ibid, p. 783.

  114Ibid, p. 775.

  115Ibid, pp. 767–76; Richard Lines, ‘Charles Augustus Tulk: Swedenborgian Extraordinary’, 1997 in Arcana, vol III, No. 4, Swedenborg Association, Charleston, USA, 1997.

  116Early Visions, p. 219.

  117Letters, IV, p. 784 and Letters, VI, p. 943.

  118Shorter Works, I, p. 674.

  119Ibid, p. 683.

  120Ibid, p. 685.

  121Letters, IV, p. 801.

  122Robinson, Books, p. 213.

  123Ibid, pp. 214–5.

  124Ibid, p. 216.

  125Hutchinson, p. 122.

  126Letters, IV, p. 796.

  127Keats, Letters, p. 49 (21 January 1818).

  128Ibid, p. 69 (21 February 1818).

  129Ibid, p 47 (5 January 1818).

  130Letters, IV, p. 799.

  131Literary Lectures, II, p. 28.

  132Ibid, p. 839.

  133Ibid, p. 819.

  134Devonshire, p. 273.

  135Zuccato, op. cit, p. 109.

  136Notebooks, III, 4388.

  137Ibid, 4388.

  138Letters, IV, p. 824.

  139Memoir of the Reverand H. F. Cary, 2 vols, by Henry Cary, 1847, II, p. 28.

  140Hazlitt, Lectures on the English Poets, 1817, No. 7, ‘On Burns’, edited by C. D. Maclean, 1967, pp. 123.

/>   141Robinson, Books, pp. 218, 219.

  142Ibid, p. 220.

  143Table Talk, II, p. 109.

  144Hazlitt, Lectures on the English Poets, 1817, No. 8, ‘On the Living Poets’, op. cit., pp. 165–8.

  145Notebooks, III, 4365.

  146Letters, IV, p. 807.

  147Notebooks, III, 4409.