Born to Rule: Five Reigning Consorts, Granddaughters of Queen Victoria
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fascism, 315
Fedorov, Dr. S. P., 176
Felipe, Prince of Spain (son of Juan Carlos), 379
baptism of, 379–80
Ferdinand, King of Bulgaria, 170, 183, 356
Ferdinand I, King of Romania (Crown Prince; “Nando”), 203, 204, 218–19, 272, 278–79, 280, 301, 319
accession to throne, 205
coronation of, 307
courtships, 32–35
death of, 328
health, 322, 326, 327–28
intelligence but timidity of, 209
marriage, 36–37
married life with Marie, 47–49, 87, 104
popularity of, 273
taking sides in World War I, 208–9, 213–15
Ferdinand IV, King of Spain, 39
In. Fernando, Prince of Spain (stillborn), 171
Finland, 268
Florence, Russian Church of, 306
Foishor, 298
Forbes, Evie, 24
France, 202, 203, 207, 211, 281–82, 299
and Germany, 4, 199
and Greece, 158, 212–13, 235, 245–46, 249, 254, 261, 298, 301
and Russia, 42–43
Franco, General Francisco, 373, 377–81, 383
Franco-Prussian War, 4, 18
Francophilia, 227
Frank, Prince of the Teck, 19, 23, 56–57, 63
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke of Austria, 142
assassination of, 195, 199
Frederick III, Emperor of Germany (“Fritz”), 3–4, 15, 21
marital life of, 9–11
painful death of, 19–20
Frederick VII of Denmark, 170
Frederike, Princess of Hanover, 384
French Revolution (1789), 254
Friedrich, Prince of Hesse (“Frittie”), 5
Friedrichshof, 261, 318
Fuller, Loie, 286, 312, 322, 326, 346
Gainsford, Lord, 369
Galitzine, Princess, 119
Gallipoli Campaign, 208
Gapon, Father, 107
George, Grand Duke of Russia, 9, 21, 57, 64
George, Prince of Greece (son of George I), 180
George I, King of Greece, 18, 26, 79–80, 84, 170, 261, 300
assassination of, 181
considers abdicating (1909), 157–58, 180
George II, King of Greece, 306, 307, 359, 383, 384
becomes king, 303
birth of, 25
breakdown of marriage with Elisabetta, 309, 361–62
flees Greece (1923), 310
marries Elisabetta of Romania, 296–98
George III, King of England, 134
George V, King of England, 3, 23, 169, 170, 195, 199, 214, 218, 245, 247, 279, 282, 283–84, 300, 306, 310, 318, 330, 350–51, 355, 372
attempt to stop World War I, 199
courtships, 31–32
death of, 360–61
as Prince of Wales, 31–32, 34, 142
Silver Jubilee, 355–56, 367
vetoes asylum for Nicholas II, 266
George VI, King of England (Duke of York), 310, 318, 367, 374, 384
coronation, 368
George Michaelovitch, Grand Duke, 39
In. German kultur, 15, 24
German titles, shedding of, among English royalty and nobility, 266
Germanophilia, 203–4, 227
Germanophobia, 41–42, 239, 266
Germany, 199, 203, 205, 207, 208, 218
and France, 4, 199
Nazi, 359, 360, 363, 373
seizure of Russian territory in World War I, 268
unification of (1870), 4
Gibbs, Sidney, 269
Gilliard, Pierre, 121, 173, 175, 192, 200, 201, 252, 259, 269
Glendinning, Bryden, 150
Glucksburg, House of, 210
Goga, Octavian, 363
Gonzalo, Infante, 341
birth of, 226
death of, 371
hemophilia of, 317
Gonzalo, Prince of Spain (son of Jaime), 376
governesses, odious, 14–16
Grace, Princess of Monaco, 379
Grahame, Sir George, 377
Granville, Lord and Lady, 298
Great Britain, 203, 281, 299
Great Depression, 359
Grecianu, Madame, 47–48
Greco-Turkish War, 159
Greece, 179, 183, 200
Allied blockade and occupation of, 246–49, 254
Allied policy toward, 236, 245–49
armed forces, 265
attempted neutrality in World War I, 201–2, 207–8, 210–11, 235–36, 246–49
France and, 158, 212–13, 235, 245–46, 249, 254, 261, 298, 301
joins Allies, 265
monarchy abolished (1924), 310
monarchy vs. republic question, 383–84
partisans of Constantine vs. Venizelos in, 235–36
royalist ministers executed (1922), 305
territorial ambitions of (Greater Greece), 157, 201, 207–8, 264, 299–300
unrest in (1909), 156–59
wars of, 78–83, 179–82
Greek Orthodox Church, 25–27
Greek royal family, 20–22, 84, 157–59
captives of their own people (June 1917 incident), 262–64
enemies of, 260–62
exile in Palermo (1922), 305–6
exile in Switzerland (1919), 291
Greek people’s devotion to, 298
high moral values of, 329
leaves Greece (1917), 264
leaves Greece (1922), 303–4
marriage alliances, 296–98
snubbed by Allies, 298
Greek White Book, 247, 248–49
Green, Miss, 150
Greene, Sir Conyngham, 153, 155
Grey, Sir Edward, 153, 155, 161, 246
Grey, Lady Sybil, 252
Griffiths, Sir John Norton, 220
Gutierrez, Eugenio, 150
Haakon VII, King of Norway (Carl, Prince of Denmark), 9, 169, 170, 194, 230, 314, 366–67, 368–70, 383
coronation of, 146–47
courtship, 63–65
as king, 148
marriage of, 71
name changed to Haakon, 135
throne offered to, 120, 131–35
Habsburg dynasty, dethronement of, 200
Hanbury-Williams, Sir John, 222, 252
Harald V, King of Norway, 367, 383
Hardinge, Charles, 35, 48, 62
Harris, Ray Baker, 350, 353, 363, 365
Hawes, Harriet Boyd, 83
Hawke, Julia von, 18
Helen, Princess of Greece, Crown Princess of Romania (“Sitta”), 193, 246, 254, 297, 302, 305, 312, 319, 322, 363, 384
birth of, 79
breakdown of marriage with Carol II, 307–8, 328–29, 332–34
divorce from Carol II, 328–29
marriage to Carol II, 297–98
persecution by Carol II, 336
raising of child, 329
rejected again by Carol II, 332–34
Helena, Princess of England, 124
hemophilia, hereditary flaw of Victoria’s descendants, 6, 115, 125, 162, 226, 317, 334, 345
Henry, Prince of Battenberg (“Liko”), 17
death of, 29–30, 73
Henry of Prussia, 9
Hesse, 5, 7
Hesse girls, 23
Hill, George A., 276, 313
Hill, Sam, 322–26
Hitler, Adolf, 352, 359, 360, 363
Hohenzollern dynasty, 3, 32–33, 104, 203, 208, 213, 215, 328, 390n.
dethronement of, 200
Sigmaringen branch of, 33
“holy men” of Russia (staretz), 94, 136–37
Hoover, Herbert, 285
Howard, Sir Esme, 21, 294, 372–73
Hungary, 278, 285, 329
Ileana, Princess of Romania, 256, 277, 283, 307, 315, 322, 332, 336, 346, 352, 361, 362, 363, 364, 365
becomes a nun, as Mother Alexandra,
385
birth of, 171–72
children of, 351
marries Archduke Anton of Austria, 336
Incorruptibles, the, 111
Ingeborg, Crown Princess of Sweden, 133
Ipatiev family house (site of Romanov executions), 269, 385
Irene, Princess of Greece (Duchess of Aosta), 193, 297, 359, 384
Irene, Princess of Hesse, 5
Irina, Grand Duchess (married to Felix Youssopov), 250
Iron Guard, 352, 363
Isabella II, Queen of Spain, 29, 391n.
Italy, 201, 234, 281
Fascist, 315, 359, 373, 375
war in Tripoli, 178–79
Jack the Ripper, 40
Jaime, Prince of Spain (Duke of Segovia), 163, 334, 341, 376, 378
deafness of, 171
marriage, 373
Jaime de Bourbon (Carlist claimant), 169
Jassy 219, 224, 240, 255, 272, 274
flight of Romanian government to, 219–20
Jews, persecution of, 363
John, Prince of England (son of George V), 334
John of Kronstadt, 136
Johnstone, Alan, 132
Jonnart, Charles, 261, 263
Juan, Infante of Spain (Count of Barcelona; Don Juan), 168, 317, 335, 338, 342, 373–74, 375
heir to throne, 377–81
marriage, 373
Juan Carlos, King of Spain (“Juanito”), 383, 384
birth of, 374
education, 375–76, 377–78
heir to throne, 378–81, 383
marriage to Sofia of Greece, 378
Katherine, Princess of Yugoslavia, 384
Kemal, Mustapha, 299–300
Kennard, Joan, 149
Keppel, Admiral Sir Henry, 8
Kerensky Alexander, 239–40, 267
interviews the captive Tsar, 266
Kerr, Admiral Mark, 212–13, 264
Khodynka field, Moscow, riot in (1896), 69–70
Kireev, Alexander, 67
Kitchener, Lord, loss at sea, 213, 228
Knollys, Charlotte, 55, 57
Knollys, Sir Henry, 71, 194
Kokovtsov, Count Vladimir, 174, 185
Kongsseteren, 147–48
Kronprinzenpalais, 10
Kschessinksa, Mathilde, 43–44, 50
Kun, Bela, 285
Kyril, Grand Duke, 70
La Quinta, 334
Lambrino, Marie Valentina “Zizi,” 277–78, 313
Langhorne sisters, 104
language learning by royals, 27, 376
Lascelles, Sir E, 80
Lausanne, Switzerland, 375 Lavatorio ceremony, 167
League Against Cancer, 295
League of Nations, 360
Leandro (illegitimate son of Alfonso XIII), 335
Lecera, Duchess of, 317, 335, 342, 345, 373
Lecera, Duke of, 335, 342, 345, 373
Lenin, Vladimir, 267, 268
Leopold, Prince (son of Queen Victoria), 6
Leopold, Prince of Battenberg (later Lord Leopold Mountbatten), 18, 138, 266, 375
Liberal Party (Romania), 207, 209, 331
Lieven, Dominic, 222
Likhachev, Dmitri, 191
Livadia Palace, near Yalta, 54, 99, 190
Lloyd George, David, 213, 266, 281, 282
Longford, Lady, 86, 101
Longworth, Alice, 324
Louis, Prince of Battenberg, 58
Louis IV, Prince of Hesse (Grand Duke), 5, 12
Louis Napoleon, Prince, 246
Louise, Princess (daughter of Edward VII), 3, 23
Louise of Denmark, Queen Consort of Christian IX, 59
Lupescu, Elena (“Magda”), 302, 308, 315, 323, 333, 351–52, 354, 384–85
Lutheranism, 42, 44
Macedonia, 79, 183, 248
Mackensen, August von, 218
Mackenzie, Compton, 249
Madge, Dr., 109
Madrid, Royal Palace, 168
Malet, Lord, 36
Malta, 12
Maniu, Iuliu, 331, 332, 333
Manoel of Portugal, 170
Manos, Aspasia (Princess Alexander of Greece), 292–93, 298, 309–10
Margaret, Crown Princess of Sweden (“Daisy”), 235
Margaret, Princess of England, 367
Margarita, Princess of Spain (daughter of Juan), 375
Margrete, Princess of Prussia (“Mossy”), 9, 20, 158–59, 182, 235, 248, 261, 293–94, 298, 301, 305, 318, 341, 356, 358, 359
Maria Cristina, Princess of Spain (Countess Marone), 168, 334
Maria Cristina of Austria, Queen Consort of Spain, 30–31, 126, 127, 164, 229, 230
death of, 335–36
favored the German side during World War I, 227–28
Maria del Carmen (granddaughter of Franco, 383
Maria Teresa, Infanta, 164
Maria Teresa (illegitimate daughter of Alfonso XIII), 335
Marie, Princess of Greece, 82, 84
Marie, Princess of Romania, Consort of Yugoslavia (“Mignon”), 88, 256, 308, 352–53, 361, 385
Marie, Queen Consort of Romania (Marie of Edinburgh and Saxe-Coburg; “Missy”), 16, 17, 28, 70, 90, 102, 245, 258, 297–98, 301, 310, 312, 319, 322, 329, 330, 336, 361, 384
accused of plotting a coup (1929), 331
advisors of, 286
birth of, 6–7
bolsters Romanians’ spirits during World War I, 224, 240–41
called “Mother-in-law of the Balkans,” 308
called “Regina Maria,” 273–74
care for wounded soldiers, 184, 218, 222, 223, 272–73
childbearing of, 48–49
childhood of, 11–12, 14–16
children of, raising of, 76, 78, 86–87, 350, 354–55
children of, relations with in adulthood, 361–62
coronation of, 307
courtships, 31–35
death and tributes, 365–66
devotion to Romania, 279, 286–87
effects of Russian Revolution on, 272
Englishness of, 355
health, 362–65
Marie, Queen Consort of Romania (continued) helps Romanian people after World War I, 285
intrigues against, 61–62
later years of, 357, 359–65
lax morals of, 109–10
letter “To My People,” 366
liaison with Barbo Stirbey 153–55
marriage, 36–37
married life of, 78, 87–88, 104 My Country, 274
at Nicholas II’s coronation, 69
nurses wounded soldiers, 223–25
at Paris Peace Conference, 281–83
paternity of children of, 108–9, 113, 171–72, 219
persecuted by Carol II, 333–34, 336, 346, 350–52, 362, 364–65
political involvements, 154–56
as queen, theatrical techniques of, 306–7, 311–12
in Romanian society, 46–49, 60–62, 75–76, 109–10
romantic affairs, 87–88
spiritual faith of, 346–47, 349
taking sides in World War I, 203–4, 209, 213–15
victorious after World War I, 279–81
views on love and life, 320–21, 381–82
visit to America, 322–27
visits Alexandra of Russia, 188–92
visits England and meets the Astors, 103–6
in war effort, 255–56
writings and memoirs of, 274, 331–32, 352–53
Marie Alexandrovna, Grand Duchess of Russia (Duchess of Edinburgh; Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha), 6–7, 12, 56, 74, 142, 387n.
death of, 297
dislike of England, 32
as Duchess of Saxe-Coburg-Gotha, 14–16
protection of daughter Marie by, 87–88
Marie Antoinette, Queen of France, 239
Marie Bonaparte, Princess, 180
Marie Feodorovna, Dowager Empress of Russia (Dagmar of Denmark), 9, 41–42, 55, 59, 65–66, 119, 135, 174–75
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Marie Louise of Schleswig-Holstein, 50
Marie Nikolaevna, Grand Duchess, 85, 187, 192, 259, 270, 385
Marlborough House, 3, 5, 111
Martha, Princess of Sweden, 337, 367, 369, 383
Martha Louise, Princess of Norway, 383
Martineau, Mrs. Philip, 301
Mary, Queen Consort of George V of England (May of Teck), 23, 41, 93, 134, 138, 142, 147, 166, 195, 231, 282, 283, 284, 294, 361, 367, 372
Mary I, Queen of England, 139
Maryhill Museum of Fine Arts, 323, 325–26
Maud, Queen Consort of Norway (Princess of England), 7, 17, 28, 52, 54–55, 56–57, 89, 169, 231, 361
arrival in Norway (1905), 145–46
birth of, 3
charity work of, 231
childhood of, 4–5, 8–9, 16
coronation of, 146–47
courtships, 19, 23–24, 63–65
criticisms of, 148
death and tributes, 368–69
at funeral of Edward VII, 170
health, 366–67, 368
later years of, 314–15, 355–56, 366–68
life in Denmark, 76–78
marriage of, 71
marriage settlement, 194–95
Norway throne offer, 132–35
as queen, 147–48
service causes of, 147
visits to England, 102–3, 283–84, 314–15
Maud Angelica, Princess of Norway, 383
Maura, Antonio, 150
Maurice, Prince of Battenberg (Marquis of Carisbrooke), 18, 138, 228
Maximilian, Prince of Baden, 24, 390n. May of Teck. See Mary, Queen Consort George V of England Medvedev, Pavel, 271
Mensheviks, 117
Metaxas, Ioannis, 210, 303
Michael, Grand Duke, 257
Michael, King of Romania, 279, 329, 333, 360, 384
birth, 302, 308–9
boy-king, 329–30
heir to throne, 321, 327
Michelsen, Christian, 145
midwives, 24–25
“Mignon.” See Marie, Princess of Romania Military Directory (Spain), 336
Military League (Greece), 157–59
Militza, Princess of Montenegro, 94
miracles, 177
Miranda, Duke of, 373
Mircea, Carol, 285–86
Mircea, Prince of Romania, 172
death of, 219
“Missy.” See Marie, Queen Consort of Romania Mogilev, 217
Mogosoaia estate, Romania, 205
Mola Vidal, Emilio, 340
Moldavia, 276
monarchy autocratic, 200, 241–43
elected, democratic, 134, 147, 148
modern, role of, 245, 311–12
Monastery of the Royal Passion Sufferers, 385
Monson, Lady, 48–49
Monte Carlo, 367, 379
Montenegro, 179
Mora, Count of, 373
Moret, Segismundo, 129–30 “Moretta.” See Viktoria, Princess of Prussia Morocco, Spain’s war in, 160, 230, 294
Morral, Mateo, 141, 380
Moscow, as Russian capital, 68–69