Hitler
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Dohnanyi, Hans von 536, 541, 820, 825
Döllersheim 1
Dollfuss, Engelbert 317–18, 350, 401
Dollmann, Friedrich 804
Don river 644, 650, 719, 721, 723, 729, 736
Donets Basin 638, 641, 644, 709, 754, 772
Dönitz, Karl: dissuades H from scrapping Geneva convention 905
in Führer Bunker 923
and German surrender 959, 961–3
held in high favour by H 941, 950
and Himmler’s offer to surrender 943, 947
imprisonment 964–5
loyalty to H 899, 900, 959
promises new submarines 863, 889
replaces Raeder 761
responsibility for northern zone of Reich 919, 925, 934
and Soviet advances in the east 814
substitutes for H at ‘Heroes’ Memorial Day’ 798
to be head of state after H 950, 952
urges H to leave Führer Bunker 929
Donizetti, Gaetano 20
Dorpmüller, Julius 925
Dorsch, Xaver 799–800
Dortmund 762, 894
‘Dr Koester’s Anti-Gas Pills’ 869, 870
Dragoon, Operation 866
Dresden 709, 893, 894, 905
Dresdner Bank 222, 451
Drexler, Anton: and chairmanship of NSDAP 95, 103, 111
and failed putsch (1923) 134
founding of German Workers’ Party 82–3, 84–6
and H’s membership of German Workers’ Party 75–6
and H’s refounding of NSDAP 163
My Political Awakening 75
drugs 869, 870, 902, 923
DSP (Deutschsozialistische Partei; German-Socialist Party) 81, 100–101, 232 Duesterberg, Theodor 193, 194, 226, 254–5
Duisburg 728, 762
Dulles, Allen 961
Dünaburg 626
Dunkirk 557–9
Düsseldorf 224, 728, 762, 892, 912, 968
Dutch East Indies 579
DVFP (Deutschvölkische Freiheitspartei) 141–2, 165
DVP (Deutsche Volkspartei; German People’s Party) 197, 199, 240, 289
dysentery 639–40
‘Eagle’s Eyrie’ (Adlerhorst; Führer Headquarters) 882, 888, 894
‘Eagle’s Nest’ (Berghof ‘Tea House’) 494, 495
East Indies 579
East Prussia 205, 470, 475, 517–18, 535, 586, 624, 635, 687, 814, 859, 879, 888, 890, 892, 894, 905, 914
‘East Wall’ 471, 521, 631
‘Eastern Aid’ (Osthilfe) 251
eastern expansion 152–5, 177, 180, 475, 486, 712–13 see also expansionism; ‘living space’
Ebermannstadt 508
Eberswalde 921
Ebert, Friedrich 108, 165
Echtmann, Fritz 958
Eckart, Dietrich: anti-Bolshevism 152
Auf gut Deutsch 95
and German Workers’ Party 83
holidays with H 123, 177
on H’s megalomania 112
introduces H 116
and NSDAP 93, 95, 98, 100, 102–3
and Thule Society 82
völkisch poet 75, 94–5
Economic Staff for the East 634
Ecuador 453
Eden, Anthony (later 1st Earl of Avon) 333, 336–7, 407
Edward VIII, King 369
Egypt 485, 717–18
Ehrhardt, Hermann 106, 107–8
Eichmann, Adolf: advocates Jewish state in Palestine 453
and badges for Jews 679–80
development of genocidal policy 594, 595–6, 678, 681–2
and extermination camps 688
favours pogroms 455
and ‘Final Solution’ 330, 696, 965
forces emigration of Viennese Jews 450
hanged 965
and Jewish expulsions 574, 681–2, 795
and ‘Madagascar solution’ 577
rise to power 330
runs ‘Jewish Department’ of SD 330, 415, 577
Eicke, Theodor 311
Eicken, Karl von 849
Eifel 556, 881
Einsatzgruppen (task forces): Czechoslovakia 518
Einsatzgruppe A 670
Einsatzgruppe B 670
Einsatzgruppe C 670, 674–5
genocidal programme 668, 670–72, 674–5
Operation Barbarossa 618
Poland 518–20, 521, 522
Soviet Union 668, 670–72, 674–5
and Wehrmacht 671–2
Einsatzkommandos (‘task forces’) 618, 670, 674–5, 689
Einwohnerwehr (Citizens’ Defence Force) 94, 107, 120
Eisenhower, Dwight D. 866, 884, 893, 945, 962
Eisner, Kurt 66–7, 70, 132
Ekaterinburg 590
El Alamein 727, 730
Elbe river 927, 930, 935
Elberfeld 167–8, 762 elections: Landtag: (1924) 132, 141;
(1929) 192–3, 196–7, 200;
(1931) 222, 227;
(1932) 227–8, 230;
(1933) 284
Reich Presidency: (1925) 165; (1932) 224, 226–7
Reichstag (1924) 132–3, 141–2, 144, 165, 178; (1928) 187, 190, 204;
(1930) 198, 199, 202, 204–6, 209, 223;
(1932) 224, 230, 231–2, 235, 240–42;
(1933) 264–5, 272, 277–8, 299–300;
(1936) 353, 356;
(1938) 414
Elisabeth, Czarina of Russia 918
Elser, Georg 537, 545–7, 816
Elsterwerda 927
Eltz-Rübenach, Paul Freiherr von 254
Emsland 395
Enabling Act (1933) 263–4, 281–2, 317
Engel, Gerhard 515, 524, 583, 586, 589, 593, 653–4, 725
Engelhardt, Philipp 55
Engels, Friedrich 49
England see Britain English Channel 704
Epp, Franz Ritter von 190, 283
Erbersdobler, Otto 210
Erfurt 687
Ewige Jude, Der (‘The Eternal Jew’; film) 525–6, 593
Erzberger, Matthias 86, 108
Essen 894, 918
Esser, Hermann: compares H with Mussolini 110
dominant Esser clique of NSDAP 167, 169, 170
expelled from NSDAP 103, 163
flees to Austria 140
gutter journalist 70, 98
and GVG 141, 144
H defends 69
and H’s refounding of NSDAP 163, 164
and north German NSDAP 167
reads H’s final proclamation 907
reunion with H (April 1942) 709
Estonia 487, 677 ‘ethnic cleansing’ policies:
Berlin 452, 454, 461–2
Poland 518–27, 549, 573–5
Soviet Union 683
Ethnic German Self-Protection (Volksdeutscher Selbstschutz) 519
Etzdorf, Hasso von 536, 542
eugenics 530
Euskirchen 556
‘euthanasia action’ programme 187, 528–35, 536, 548, 687, 688, 715, 965
Evian Conference (1938) 462
Exeter 708
expansionism 152–5, 180, 360, 368, 388–91, 448–9, 472–3
Falaise Pocket 864–5, 867
Fallersleben 490
Far East: conflict in 361, 385
Farinacci, Roberto 769
Fascism and Fascists: in Italy 151, 762, 768, 769, 774
legend of heroic ‘seizure of power’ 110–11
salute 120
Fatherland Party 82
Faulhaber, Michael 373
Feder, Gottfried: antisemitism 92, 95
in Bavarian revolutionary period 70
and H’s refounding of NSDAP 164
lectures 73, 75
‘philosopher’ of NSDAP 98
Reichstag deputy 190
and Thule Society 82
Fegelein, Gretl (née Braun) 491, 922, 942
Fegelein, Hermann 922, 942, 945, 946
Felix, Operation 592
Fellgiebel, Eric
h 830, 831, 833, 843, 846, 847
Felsennest (Rock Eyrie; Führer Headquarters) 556, 748
Feltre 767
Fifth Army (Soviet) 641
Fighting League of the Commercial Middle Class (Kampfbund des gewerblichen Mittelstandes) 285, 286
films: H’s love of 293, 325, 377, 430, 781
Der Ewige Jude (‘The Eternal Jew’) 525–6, 593
The Great King 702
King Kong 293
Kolberg 858, 908
‘Traitors before the People’s Court’ 847
‘Triumph of the Will’ 319
‘Final Solution’: Eichmann and 330, 696, 965
extended to all corners of Nazi imperium 775–6
and genocidal link in Mein Kampf 467
halting of 878
Himmler and 715–17, 764–5, 776–7, 878
and H’s last Testament 949
and H’s public speeches 801–3
ideology of total annihilation 695
and Nazi atrocities in Warthegau 527, 549, 677
secrecy of 715–17
and territorial resettlement of Jews 596, 669, 678, 682–5, 714–15
Wannsee Conference (January 1942) 690, 695, 696–7
Finland 499, 551, 552, 569, 584, 585, 586, 718, 793, 868
First World War: armistice 560–61, 961
German defeat xxviii, 47, 59, 60–61, 62–3, 731, 887, 961
H as dispatch runner 54–5, 57
H promoted to corporal 53–4
and H’s antisemitism 41–2, 56–7, 58, 62–5, 150
H’s fanaticism 56–7, 61–2, 326, 850, 852, 887, 910
H’s Iron Crosses 55, 59
losses 53, 54, 59
the Marne 58–9
mustard gas attacks 59–60
outbreak 51–2
the Somme 51, 57
Verdun 107
as vital to H’s future 47, 51–2, 78, 631, 850, 852
‘world war’ term 693
Ypres 53, 58 see also Versailles Treaty (1919)
Fischlham 490
Flensburg 961, 962, 963
Flick (corporation) 451
Florence 582, 583
Florian, Friedrich Karl 912
Foch, Ferdinand 560
‘For the Protection of People and State’ decree (1933) 276–7, 278–9
‘Foreign Armies East’ department 888
Forster, Albert: hanged 965
‘head of state’ 506, 517, 526–7
NSDAP leader in Danzig 492, 494
proclaims Danzig’s reincorporation in Reich 509
Förster, Helmuth 666
Four-Year Plan 364–8, 397, 402, 403, 460, 461, 474, 634
Fournes en Weppes 54, 57
Foxl (terrier) 56
France: African possessions 581, 582, 583
Allied advances in 806–10, 813, 851, 861–7
and Allied assault on Germany 892
and the Anschluß 407, 408
boycott of German goods 286
and Czechoslovakia 423, 424, 433, 439, 442–3
D-Day landings 804–6
deportation of Jews 578, 594, 689
fortification of Atlantic coast 786
‘Free French’ 583
French Indo-China 579
French North Africa 732–3
and Geneva Disarmament Conference 297–8
German invasion 557, 559–60
and German rearmament 334, 336
as Germany’s ‘arch-enemy’ 151, 154, 169, 208, 334, 471
influence in eastern Europe 331, 332
and Memelland 481
navy 560, 562
obstacle to German expansionism 388, 390
occupation 561–2, 712, 732–3, 866
pact with Soviet Union 332, 337, 351, 352, 354, 364
and Poland 503–4
rearmament 480, 496
and remilitarization of Rhineland 351, 355
Resistance 866
right-wing funding 118
Ruhr occupation (1923) 118, 119, 121, 151, 170
and Saarland 332, 333
treaty with Belgium (1921/35) 334
Vichy government 561, 578, 579, 580–83
Franciscans 382
Franco, Francisco 362–3, 368, 384–5, 497, 580–81, 582, 592
Franco-Prussian war 7
François-Poncet, André 443, 444
Franconia 109–10, 205, 339–40
Frank, Hans: Bavarian Justice Minister 278
and death of Geli Raubal 221
deportation of Polish Jews 669, 687
and development of genocidal programme 694–5, 715
envoy to Italy 369
General Governor in Poland 517, 669
and Heß affair (May 1941) 614
and H’s imprisonment in Landsberg 145
on H’s speeches 88–9
and ‘Jewish Question’ 574–6, 578–9
and Leipzig Reichswehr trial 207
and Mein Kampf 147
and Nazi atrocities in Poland 522, 526, 574–6
Poland as ‘transit camp’ for Jews 669
and removal of Jews from Vienna 595, 596
and Thule Society 82
trial and execution 964
Warsaw rising (1944) 868
Frank, Karl Hermann 433
Frankfurt am Main 454, 689, 914, 915
Frankfurt an der Oder 891, 920
Frankfurter, David 455
Franz Eher-Verlag 147
Franz Ferdinand, Archduke 51
Frederick I Barbarossa, Holy Roman Emperor 176
Frederick II ‘the Great’, King of Prussia 97, 112, 157, 181, 213, 379, 666, 702, 743, 781, 852, 882, 902, 909, 915, 918
freemasonry 165, 369, 449
Freikorps 106, 107, 170, 190
Freikorps Adolf Hitler 917
Freisler, Roland 707, 741, 844–5, 847–8
French Indo-China 579
French North Africa 732
French Resistance 866
Freyend, Ernst John von 830, 831
Freytag-Loringhoven, Bernd von 937
Frick, Wilhelm: and the Anschluß 411
and anti-Jewish legislation 342, 343, 345–6, 347, 348
and deal with Schleicher 232, 233
and emergency decree 276
and Enabling Act (1933) 281
and ‘German Revolution’ 303
and H’s negotiations with Hindenburg 252
and H’s refounding of NSDAP 164
and the ‘Law for the Emergency Defence of the State’ (1934) 314
Minister of Interior 232, 252, 254
minister in Thuringian government 197
Ministerial Council for the Defence of the Reich 506
and occupation of Poland 522
and putsch attempt (1923) 129, 131, 134, 197
‘Reich reform’ 329
Reichstag deputy 190, 208, 239
and remilitarization of Rhineland 353
replaced by Himmler 771
trial and execution 964
Friedeburg, Hans-Georg von 962, 963
Frießner, Johannes 814
Fritsch, Theodor 91
Fritsch, Werner Freiherr von on ‘abyss’ of war 498 and Blomberg scandal (1938) 392
Commander-in-Chief of German army 334
death 399
the Fritsch scandal (1938) 320, 393–400, 404, 408, 416, 418, 422, 536
and German expansionism 390
and November pogrom (1938) 464
and rearmament 334–5, 352, 353, 360
Fromelles 47, 57
Fromm, Friedrich 662, 827, 828, 834, 835, 839–41, 844, 845–6
Frontbann 143
fuel: plants 801, 893
reserves 556, 590, 710, 735, 929
shortages 851, 861, 874–5, 884, 886
synthetic 361, 365, 366, 889
Führer authority/power xxiv, xxxvii–xl
Führer Bunker, Berlin: description of 901–2
H’s last days in 901–4,
922–6, 928–31, 938–43, 951–5
mass break-out from 960–61
Führer Chancellery 531–2, 534
Führer cult: development of 110–13, 119–20, 185, 262
endurance of 900, 967–8
establishment of Führer state 318–19, 320–30, 511–12, 529, 534, 709
and H as symbol of national unity 292–3
‘Heil Hitler’ greeting 293, 762, 962
‘heroic-leader’ idea 156–7, 850–51
and H’s leadership style 214–15, 812
and H’s public speaking 181
the ‘idea’ and the Leader become inseparable 172, 185, 200–201, 330
infallibility of Leader 422
‘Mein Führer’ form of address 211, 373
and ‘national community’ 203–4, 262
and neo-conservative intellectuals 291
origins of 78
party rallies and 319
and party unity 186
widening gulf between Führer and people 744–5, 747–8 see also ‘working towards the Führer’ concept
Führer Escort Squad (Führerbegleitkommando) 957, 960
Führer Headquarters see Adlerhorst; Margival; Rock Eyrie; Werwolf; Wolf’s Lair
Führer myth: central tenet of H’s belief 181
economic recovery and 270, 271
and Hoffmann’s photographs 52
and loyalty and betrayal 614
and Mein Kampf 148
propaganda weapon 181
Führer-Informationen (bulletins) 857
‘Führer-Machine’ (typewriter) 857
Führerbegleitkommando (Führer Escort Squad) 957, 960
Funk, Walther: and ‘Committee of Three’ 750–51, 752
and H’s last Testament 950
imprisonment 964–5
and November pogrom (1938) 460
and party funding 225
in Propaganda Ministry 293, 324, 836
takes over Economics Ministry 398
visits H (October 1941) 650
Funk, Wilhelm 160–61
Fürstenberg 232
Fürth 758
Furtwängler, Wilhelm 710
Fuschl 768
Galicia 697, 796
Galland, Adolf 874
Gansser, Emil 118
Gargzdai 670
Garmisch-Partenkirchen 348, 351 gas, poison 687–8, 693
Gatow aerodrome 926, 931, 935
Gaulle, Charles de 583, 732
Gayl, Wilhelm Freiherr von 239 Gdansk see Danzig
Gehlen, Reinhard 810, 888, 889
Gelsenkirchen 893
Gemlich, Adolf 74–5, 80, 91–2
General Electric Company 193
General Government: and ‘Final Solution’ 677, 696–7, 698