Queens of the Conquest: England’s Medieval Queens

by Alison Weir

  English Lawsuits from William I to Richard I (2 vols., ed. R. C. Van Caenegem, London, 1990)

  Epistolae: Medieval Women’s Latin Letters (epistolae.ccnmtl.columbia.edu)

  Epistolae Selectae, Das Register Gregors VII (2 vols., ed. Erich Caspar, Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Berlin, 1920–23)

  Epistolari Herberti de Losinga, primi Episcopi Norwicensis, nunc primum (8 vols., ed. Robert Anstruther, Brussels and London, 1846)

  Excerpta Historica (ed. S. Bentley and Sir Harris Nicolas, London, 1831)

  The First Register of Norwich Cathedral Priory (ed. H. W. Saunders, Norfolk Record Society, 1939)

  FitzStephen, William (d.1190): Vita Sancti Thomae (Life of St Thomas) (ed. Leo T. Gourde and Mary Ailred Sinclair, as An Annotated Translation of the Life of St Thomas Becket by William Fitzstephen, 3 vols., Chicago, 1943. FitzStephen’s “Descriptio nobilissimae civitatis Londoniae” is the preface to this work.)

  Flete, John (c.1398–1456): The History of Westminster Abbey (ed. J. Armitage Robinson, Cambridge, 1909)

  Fleury, Hugh de: “Modernorum regum francorum actus” (ed. D. G. Waitz, Monumenta Germaniae Historica, SS ix, Hanover, 1851)

  Foliot, Gilbert: The Letters and Charters of Gilbert Foliot (ed. Z. N. Brooke, A. Morey and C.N.L. Brooke, Cambridge, 1967)

  Gaimar, Geoffrey (fl.1136–37): L’Estoire des Engles (ed. T. D. Hardy, tr. C. T. Martin, Rolls Series, 1888–89)

  Geoffrey of Auxerre: “Fragmenta ex tertia vita Sancti Bernardi” (in Patrologia Latina, Vol. 185)

  ———“S. Bernardi Vita Prima” (in Patrologia Latina, Vol. 185)

  Geoffrey of Vigeois (c.1140–after 1184): “Chronica Gaufredi coenobitae monasterii D. Martialis Lemovicensis, ac prioris Vosiensis coenobii” (in Novae bibliothecae manuscriptorum librorum tomus secundus: rerum aquitanicarum, ed. Philippe Labbe, Paris, 1657)

  Gervase of Canterbury: Historical Works (ed. W. Stubbs, Rolls Series, 1879–80)

  Gervase of Tilbury (c.1150–1228): Dialogue concerning the Exchequer (Ripon Cathedral Library VI.F.13)

  Gesta Stephani (The Deeds of Stephen) (ed. K. R. Potter, London, 1955; also in Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II and Richard I)

  Giraldus Cambrensis (c.1146–c.1223): Opera, incorporating De Principis Instructione, Gemma Ecclesiastica and Speculum Ecclesia (ed. J. S. Brewer and G. F. Warner, London, 1861)

  Guibert of Nogent-sous-Coucy: The Autobiography of Guibert, Abbot of Nogent-sous-Coucy (ed. and tr. G. G. Coulton and C. C. Swinton, London, 1925)

  Hardying, John (1378–1465): The Chronicle of John Hardying (ed. H. Ellis, London, 1812)

  Harleian MSS (The British Library)

  Hastings MSS (Historical Manuscripts Commission)

  Helgald (mid-12th C): Vita Roberti regis (in Recueil des historiens des croisades)

  Henry of Huntingdon: Historia Anglorum (ed. T. Arnold, Rolls Series, 1879; published as The History of the English People, 1000–1154, ed. and tr. Diana Greenway, Oxford, 1996)

  Herbert de Losinga: Epistolae Herberti de Losinga, Primi Episcopi Norwicensis (ed. A. Robert Anstruther, New York, 1846, 1969)

  Herman the Archdeacon and Goscelin of Saint-Bertin: Miracles of St Edmund (ed. Tom Licence, Oxford, 2014)

  Herman of Tournai (c.1140): The Restoration of the Monastery of Saint Martin of Tournai (ed. and tr. Lynn Harry Nelson, Medieval Texts in Translation, Washington, 1996)

  Hildebert of Lavardin: Carmina Minora (ed. A. B. Scott, Leipzig, 1969)

  ———“Letters” (ed. J.-P. Migne, in Patrologia Latina, Vol. 171)

  Histoire de la congregation de Savigny (3 vols., ed. R. C. Auvry and A. P. Laveille, Rouen, 1896–98)

  Histoire des ducs de Normandie et des rois d’Angleterre (13th C) (ed. Francisque Michel, Société de l’Histoire de France, Paris, 1840)

  Histoire de Guillaume le Maréchale (ed. Paul Meyer, Société de l’Histoire de France, Paris, 1891–1901; published as The History of William Marshal, 3 vols., ed. and tr. A. J. Holden, S. Gregory and David Crouch, London, 2002–06)

  Historia et cartularium monasterii Sancti Petri Gloucestriae (3 vols., ed. William Henry Hart, Rolls Series, 1863–67)

  The Historians of the Church of York and its Archbishops (3 vols., ed. J. Raine, Rolls Series, 1879–94)

  Hugh the Chanter: The History of the Church of York, 1066–1127 (ed. Charles Johnson, M. Brett, C.N.L. Brooke and M. Winterbottom, Oxford, 1990)

  Hugh of Fleury: Hugonis Liber qui Modernorum Regum Francorum Continet Actus (ed. D. G. Waitz and G. H. Pertz, Monumenta Germaniae Historica, Hanover, 1851)

  Hugo of St. Vaast: “Beatae Idae Vita Auctore Monacho Wastensi Coaeva” (in Patrologia Latina, Vol. 348A)

  Illustrations of Ancient State and Chivalry from Manuscripts Preserved in the Ashmolean Museum (ed. W. H. Black, Roxburgh Club, London, 1840)

  Ingulph: The Chronicle of the Abbey of Croyland (ed. H. T. Riley, London, 1854)

  Intimate Letters of England’s Queens (ed. M. Sanders, London, 1957)

  Ivo of Chartres: “Epistolae” (ed. J.-P. Migne, in Vol. 139 of Patrologia Latina)

  Jocelin of Brakelond: Chronicle (1173–1202) (ed. G. Rokewoode, Camden Society, 1840; ed. H. E. Butler, London, 1949)

  John of Forde: The Life of Wulfric of Haselbury (ed. E. M. Bell, Somerset Record Society, 1933)

  John of Fordun: Chronica Gentis Scotorum (ed. William F. Skene, Edinburgh, 1871)

  John of Hexham: Historia Regum (ed. T. Arnold, Rolls Series, 1882–85)

  John of Salisbury: Historia Pontificalis (c.1163) (ed. R. L. Poole, Oxford, 1927; ed. M. Chibnall, Oxford, 1986)

  ———The Letters of John of Salisbury (ed. W. J. Miller and C.N.L. Brooke, 2 vols., Oxford, 1979, 1986)

  John of Worcester: The Chronicle of John of Worcester, 1118–1140 (ed. J.R.H. Weaver, Oxford, 1908)

  Keepe, Henry: Monumenta Westmonasteriensia (London, 1683)

  Kings’ Letters: From the Days of Alfred to the Accession of the Tudors (ed. Robert Steele, London, 1903)

  Lambeth Palace MS. 371 (Lambeth Palace, London)

  Lanfranc: The Letters of Lanfranc, Archbishop of Canterbury (ed. Helen Clover and Margaret Gibson, Oxford, 1979)

  Lansdowne MSS (The British Library)

  Leland, John: The Itinerary of John Leland in or about the years 1535–1543 (5 vols., ed. Lucy Toulin Smith, London, 1906–10)

  Letters of the Kings of England (ed. J. O. Halliwell, London, 1846)

  Letters of the Queens of England, 1100–1546 (ed. Anne Crawford, Stroud, 1994)

  Letters of Royal and Illustrious Ladies of Great Britain (3 vols., ed. Mary Anne Everett Wood, London, 1846)

  Lettres de Rois, Reines et Autres Personnages de Cours de France et d’Angleterre (2 vols., ed. J. J. Champollion-Figeac, Paris, 1839–47)

  Liber Eliensis (The Book of Ely) (ed. and tr. Janet Fairweather, Woodbridge, 2005)

  Liber Feodorum: The Book of Fees, commonly called “Testa de Nevill,” reformed from the earliest MSS (3 vols., HMSO, London, 1920–31)

  Liber Monasterii de Hyde (ed. E. Edwards, Rolls Series, 1866)

  Liberate Rolls (The National Archives)

  The Life of Gundulf, Bishop of Rochester (ed. R. Thomson, Toronto, 1977)

  The Life of King Edward who rests at Westminster (ed. Frank Barlow, London, 1962)

  “The Life of Lanfranc” (in The Abbey of Bec and the Anglo-Norman State)

  Lisiard of Crépy, Bishop of Soissons, and Hariulf, Abbot of Oldenburg: The Life of Saint Arnulf, Bishop of Soissons (1081–87) (tr. John S. Ott, 2012, http://www.web.pdx.edu/​%7Eott/​vitaarnulfi/​index.html)

  Le Livere de Reis de Brittanie e le Livere de Reis de Engleterre (Anglo-Norman, c.1300) (ed. John Glover, London, 1865)

  Luffield Priory Charters, Part 2 (ed. G. R. Elvey, Buckinghamshire and Northamptonshire Record Societies, 1975)

  Magni Rotuli Scaccarii Normanniae sub Regibus Angliae (2 vols., ed. Thomas Stapleton, London, 1840)

  Map, Walter (1140–c.1208): De Nugis
Curialium (ed. T. Wright, Camden Society, 1850)

  Marbodius, Bishop of Rennes: “Letters” (ed. J.-P. Migne, in Vol. 171 of Patrologia Latina)

  Materials for the History of Thomas Becket (7 vols., ed. J. C. Robertson, Rolls Series, London, 1875–85)

  Medieval Age: Specimens of European Poetry from the 9th to the 15th Century (ed. Angel Flores, 1963)

  Memoranda Rolls (The National Archives)

  Memorials of St Edmund’s Abbey (3 vols., ed. T. Arnold, Rolls Series, 1890–96)

  Merton College MS. 249 (University of Oxford)

  Miscellanea Genealogica et Heraldica (ed. W. Bruce Bannerman, London, 1912)

  Mouskes, Philippe, Bishop of Tournai: M. de Reu, “Philippe Mousket, Chronique rimée; Historia regum francorum” (in The Narrative Sources from the Medieval Low Countries)

  Munimenta Gildhallae Londoniensis (4 vols., ed. H. T. Riley, Rolls Series, 1859–62)

  The Narrative Sources from the Medieval Low Countries. De verhalende bronnen uit de Zuidelijke Nederlanden (ed. M. de Reu, Brussels, 2009)

  Niger, Ralph (c. 1140–c.1217): Chronica (ed. R. Anstruther, Caxton Society, 1851)

  The Northamptonshire Geld Roll (2 vols., tr. Abraham Farley, London, 1783)

  Oorkondenbock van het Sticht Utrecht tot 1302 (ed. S. Muller and A. C. Bouman, Utrecht, 1920)

  Orderic Vitalis: Historia Ecclesiastica (5 vols., ed. A. L. Le Prévost, Société de l’Histoire de France, Paris, 1838–55; ed. M. Guizot, and tr. as The Ecclesiastical History of England and Normandy by Thomas Forester, London, 1854)

  Original Letters illustrative of English History (11 vols., ed. H. Ellis, London, 1824–46)

  Paris, Matthew: Flores Historiarum (3 vols., ed. H. R. Luard, Rolls Series, 1890)

  ———Historia Anglorum (3 vols., ed. Sir F. H. Madden, Rolls Series, 1866–69)

  ———Matthaei Parisiensis monachi Sancti Albani Chronica Majora (7 vols., ed. H. R. Luard, Rolls Series, 1872–83)

  Patrologia Latina (221 vols., Paris, 1844–64)

  Peter of Blois: Petri Blensis Archidiaconi Opera Omnia (4 vols., ed. J. A. Giles, Oxford, 1846–47)

  Piers of Langtoft (d. c.1305): The Chronicle of Pierre de Langtoft (2 vols., ed. T. Wright, Rolls Series, 1866–68)

  Pipe Roll 31 Henry I (ed. J. Hunter, London, 1833)

  The Pipe Rolls (The National Archives)

  The Plantagenet Chronicles (ed. Elizabeth Hallam, London, 1986)

  Ralph of Diceto (d. c.1202): Imagines Historiarum (ed. W. Stubbs, Rolls Series, 1876)

  Reading Abbey Cartularies (2 vols., ed. Brian R. Kemp, London, 1986–87)

  Recueil des actes des ducs de Normandie (911–1966) (ed. Marie Fauroux, Caen, 1961)

  Recueil des actes de Henry II (4 vols., ed. Leopold Delisle and Élie Berger, Paris, 1909–17)

  Recueil d’annales Angevines et Vendômoises (ed. L. Halphen, Paris, 1903)

  Recueil des chartes de l’abbaye de Cluny (6 vols., ed. Alexandre Bruel, Paris, 1876–1903)

  Recueil des chroniques de Touraine (ed. A. Salmon, Société archéologique de Touraine, Tours, 1854)

  Recueil des historiens des croisades (17 vols., Paris, 1841–1906)

  Recueil des historiens des Gaules et de la France (25 vols., ed. M. Bouquet and L. Delisle, Paris, 1840–1904)

  Recueil de travaux d’érudition dédiés à la mémoire de Julien Havet (1853–1893) (ed. Julien Pierre Eugène Havet, Paris, 1895, and by M. L. Delisle, Geneva, 1972)

  Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum, 1066–1154 (4 vols., ed. David Bates, H.W.C. Davis, Charles Johnson, H. A. Cronne and R.H.C. Davis, Oxford, 1913–98)

  Regesta Regum Anglo-Normannorum: The Acta of William I (1066–1087) (ed. D. Bates, Oxford, 1998)

  Regesta Stephani (ed. H. A. Cronne and R.H.C. Davis, Oxford, 1968–69)

  The Register of Pope Gregory VII, 1073–1085 (ed. and tr. H.E.J. Cowdray, Oxford, 2002)

  “La reine Mathilde et la fondation de la Trinité de Caen (Abbaye aux Dames)” (ed. L. Musset, Mémoires de l’Académie Nationale des Sciences, Arts et Belles Lettres, 21, 1984)

  Relazioni degli Ambasciatori Veneti al Senato durante il Secolo Decimo Sesto (15 vols., ed. E. Alberi, Florence, 1839–63)

  Richard of Devizes (fl. late 12th C): Chronicon Richardi Divisensis de tempore Regis Richardi Primi (ed. J. T. Appleby, London, 1963)

  Richard of Hexham: Historia de gestis regis Stephani ci de bello Standardii (in Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II and Richard I and Contemporary Chronicles of the Middle Ages)

  Robert of Cricklade: Defloratio historie naturalis Plinii (British Library, Royal MS. 15 C. XIV)

  Robert of Gloucester: The Metrical Chronicle of Robert of Gloucester (2 vols., ed. W.A. Wright, Rolls Series, 1886–87)

  Robert of Torigni: Chronica (after 1154) (in Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II and Richard I)

  Roger of Hoveden (fl. 1174–1201): Chronica (4 vols., ed. W. Stubbs, Rolls Series, 1868–71)

  The Roll of Battle Abbey (Auchinlek MS. ff. 105v–107r, National Library of Scotland; 14th C copy of the original roll of companions of the Conqueror, missing since the 16th C)

  Rouleaux des morts du Ixe au Xve siècle (ed. Leopold Delisle, Paris, 1866)

  Royal MSS (The British Library)

  Rudborne, Thomas (mid-15th C): “Historia Major” (in Wharton: Anglia Sacra)

  Rymer, Thomas: Foedera (London, 1704–35; ed. T. Hardy and others, Records Commission, 1816–69)

  Scriptores rerum Germanicarum, praecipue Saxonicarum (3 vols., ed. Johann Burkhard Mencken, Leipzig, 1728–30)

  Scriptores rerum gestarum Willelmi Conquestoris (ed. J. A. Giles, London, 1845)

  Simeon of Durham: Historia Regum Anglorum in Symeonis monachi opera omnia (2 vols., ed. T. Arnold, Rolls Series, 1882–85)

  ———“Opera et Collectanea” (ed. H. Hinde, Proceedings of the Surtees Society, 51, 1867)

  Six Town Chronicles of England (ed. R. Flenley, Oxford, 1911)

  Statutes of the Realm, 1101–1713 (11 vols., Records Commissioners, London, 1810–28)

  Stephen of Rouen: “Draco Normannicus” (in Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II and Richard I)

  Stow, John: The Annals of England (London, 1580)

  ———The Survey of London (London, 1598; 2 vols., ed. C. L. Kingsford, Oxford, 1908; ed. H. B. Wheatley, London, 1987)

  Sturluson, Snorri (1230): The Saga of Harald Hardrada (ed. Hermann Paulsson and Magnus Magnusson, London, 1976)

  Suger, Abbot of Saint-Denis: On the Abbey Church of St Denis and its Art Treasures (ed. and tr. Erwin Panofsky, Princeton, 1946)

  Thaon, Philippe de: Bestiary (c.1122) (in Medieval Latin and French Bestiaries)

  ———Le Livre de Sibylle by Philippe de Thaon (ed. Hugh Shields, Anglo-Norman Text Society, 37, 1979)

  Turgot, Prior of Durham: “Life of St Margaret” (in Ancient Lives of Scottish Saints)

  “Vita Beati Simonis Comitis Crespeiensis Auctore Synchrono: Guiberti Opera Illustranda (Additamenta)” (in Patrologia Latina, Vol. 156)

  Vita Sanctae Margaretae Scotorum Reginae (in Simeon of Durham: “Opera et Collectanea”)

  Vitae antiquae sanctorum qui habitaverunt in ea parte Britanniae nunc vocatia Scotia (ed. John Pinkerton, London, 1789)

  Wace, Robert: Roman de Brut (ed. and tr. Judith Weiss, Exeter, 2002)

  ———Roman de Rou et des ducs de Normandie (tr. Alexander Malet, London, 1860)

  Walsingham, Thomas: Gesta abbatum monasterii Sancti Albani (ed. Henry Thomas Riley, London, 1867)

  The Waltham Annals (1066–1447) (in English Historical Literature of the Fifteenth Century, ed. C. L. Kingsford, Oxford, 1913)

  Wardrobe and Household Accounts (The National Archives)

  Warrants for Issues (Exchequer Records, The National Archives)

  Weever, John: Ancient Funeral Monuments within the United Monarchies of Great Britain, Northern Ireland and the Islands Adjacent (London, 1631)

  Westminster Abbey Charters 1066�
��c.1214 (ed. E. Mason and J. Bray, London, 1988)

  Wharton, Henry: Anglia Sacra (2 vols., London, 1691)

  William of Jumièges: Gesta Normannorum Ducum (ed. J. Marx, Société de l’Histoire de Normandie, 1914)

  William of Malmesbury: A History of the Norman Kings (1066–1125) [Gesta Regum Anglorum] with the Historia Novella, or History of His Own Times (1126–1142) [The Contemporary History] (tr. John Sharpe and ed. Joseph Stevenson, London, 1854; reprinted Llanerch, 2000)

  William of Newburgh: Historia rerum Anglicarum (in Chronicles of the Reigns of Stephen, Henry II and Richard I)

  William of Poitiers: Gesta Willelmi Ducis Normannorum et Regis Anglorum (ed. and tr. R.H.C. Davis and Marjorie Chibnall, Oxford, 1998; in Scriptores rerum gestarum Willelmi Conquestoris; in Thorpe: The Bayeux Tapestry and the Norman Invasion; and published as Histoire de Guillaume le Conquérant, ed. R. Foreville, Paris, 1952)

  William of Saint-Thierry, Arnold of Bonneval and Geoffrey of Auxerre: The First Life of Bernard of Clairvaux (The Vita Prima) (Collegeville, 2015)

  William of Tire: A History of Deeds Done Beyond the Sea (tr. Emily A. Babcock and A. C. Krey, New York, 1943)

  William of Worcester: Itineraries of William Worcester; edited from the unique MS. Corpus Christi College, Cambridge, 210 (tr. John H. Harvey, Oxford, 1969)

  SECONDARY SOURCES

  The Abbey of Bec and the Anglo-Norman State (ed. Sally N. Vaughn, Woodbridge, 1981)

  Abbott, Judith: “Political Strategies at the Coronation of Queen Matilda I” (unpublished conference paper, 1990)

  Abernethy, Susan: Adeliza of Louvain, Queen of England (www.thefreelancehistorywriter.com)

  Adair, John: The Royal Palaces of Britain (London, 1981)

  Adam, R. J.: The Conquest of England: The Coming of the Normans (London, 1965)

  “Adeliza of Leuven” (in World Heritage Encyclopaedia, www.gutenberg.us)

  Adeliza of Louvain (www.familysearch.org)

  Aird, William M.: Robert Curthose, Duke of Normandy (c.1050–1134) (Woodbridge, 2008)

  Alexander, Marc: Britain’s Royal Heritage (Stroud, 2011)

  Amundsen, Darrel W., and Diers, Carol Jean: “The Age of Menopause in Medieval Europe” (Human Biology, Vol. 45, 4, December 1973)

  Anglo-Norman Studies: Proceedings of the Battle Conference 3 (ed. R. Allen Brown, Woodbridge, 1981)