Garrick Club, 6
Garrison, William Lloyd, 324
General Order No. 11, 248
Georgia
black representatives to Congress from, 306–7
black vote in, 306–7
elections of 1872 in, 299, 305
Freedmen’s Bureau in, 113, 114
Hayes tour of, 359
Jim Crow laws in, 368
Johnson’s gubernatorial appointment in, 88
KKK in, 282, 364
readmission of, 279
segregation in, 360, 368
Sherman’s march through, 106, 111, 295
Stephens as congressional representative from, 121
and Sumner-Johnson relations, 121
and Thirteenth Amendment, 25
Gettysburg
Battle of, 46, 105, 170, 295, 346
Lincoln’s address at, 46, 295
Giddings, Joshua, 200, 201
Gillmore, Quincy Adams, 114
“Go West, young man,” Greeley’s advice to, 291
gold, 259–68, 290
Goldwater, Barry, 370
Gordon, George W., 223–24
Gould, A. W., 225
Gould, Jay, 258, 258, 260–68
Grant, Jennie (sister). See Corbin, Jennie Grant
Grant, Julia Dent
and black visitors to White House, 251–52
Corbins and, 262, 263, 265
decline of Lincoln invitation by, 237
elections of 1868 and, 238, 249
elections of 1876 and, 324–25, 338
European trip of, 355
and Grant-Gould conversations, 265
and Grant as interim secretary of war, 181–82
Grant’s courtship and marriage to, 239–40, 241
and Grant’s drinking, 156, 242
and Grant’s early military career, 339
Grant’s letters to, 246
and Grant’s presidential appointments, 249
and impeachment of Johnson, 237
and Lincoln’s assassination, 1, 2
personal background of, 239–40
photograph of, 142
Pinchback’s comment about, 309
selling of wine cellar by, 156
Stanton and, 237
Grant, Ulysses S.
accidents of, 156
alcohol and, 156–57, 207, 241, 242, 243, 245
cabinet of, 249–50, 252–53, 278, 299, 324
in Civil War, 23, 76, 106, 108, 243–47
congressional relations with, 252
corruption/scandals and, 254, 290, 297–99, 312, 316–18, 333, 343
criticisms of, 2, 299, 315
early military career of, 239–41
early political career of, 242–43, 244–45
elections of 1856 and, 242–43
elections of 1860 and, 1–2
elections of 1868 and, 169, 217, 233, 237–38, 247–49, 253, 256, 257, 278, 330
elections of 1872 and, 289–90, 296–97, 299, 308, 309, 312, 319, 332, 349–50
elections of 1876 and, 324–25, 338, 343, 344, 347–48
elections of 1880 and, 355
European trip of, 355
family/personal background of, 238, 239–41
financial affairs of, 241, 251, 356
first political speech of, 247
as general-in-chief of U.S. armies, 246–47
General Order No. 11 of, 244–45, 248
Hayes and, 330, 331, 332, 353
health of, 239
homes of, 156, 251, 253, 356
inauguration of, 251, 252
as intended assassination victim, 2–3
as interim secretary of war, 181–82, 185–86
Johnson and, 2, 155–56, 169, 173, 185–86, 207
and Johnson’s “Swing Around the Circle” tour, 154, 155–57
Lee and, 246, 247
and Lee’s surrender at Appomattox, 1, 3, 273
Lincoln and, 2, 237, 243, 245–46
and Lincoln’s assassination, 1, 3
loyalty of, 311, 317
media and, 186, 268, 348
military promotions of, 240, 241, 243, 246, 247
personal and professional background of, 238–41
personality and character of, 186, 239, 242, 249, 269
photograph of, 236
political disillusionment of, 185
popularity of, 155, 289, 299, 343
post–Civil War vision of, 3, 5
presidential appointments of, 252–54
presidential powers of, 280, 323
reputation of, 243, 244, 245–46
resignation of military commission by, 241
resignation as secretary of war of, 185–86
salary of, 311
swearing-in of, 251
vetoes of, 316
views about presidency of, 237–38
See also specific person or topic
Great Britain
aid to Confederacy by, 271, 272
Grant’s views about, 271
impeachment proceedings in, 172–73
Motley as ambassador to, 270–71
Seward’s policies toward, 46, 60
slavery in, 24
Sumner’s travels in, 5–6
U.S. relations with, 87
Waite’s negotiations with, 356, 357
Greeley, Horace
appearance of, 291–92
Civil War and, 294, 295
corruption and, 293
Crédit Mobilier scandal and, 298
criticisms of, 299
Davis and, 180, 296
death of, 299
draft and, 295
early career of, 291
education views of, 293
elections of 1860 and, 202
elections of 1864 and, 295
elections of 1872 and, 290–91, 296, 299, 304, 312, 320–21, 332
Fifteenth Amendment and, 296
Fourteenth Amendment and, 296
Freedmen’s Bureau and, 296
“Go West, young man” advice of, 291
Grant and, 291, 299
history of Civil War battles by, 295
Johnson and, 296
labor issues and, 293
land policies and, 293, 296
Lincoln and, 293, 294, 295
Log Cabin paper of, 34
loss of New York Tribune by, 299
Mexican War and, 293
as New York congressman, 293
as New York Tribune editor, 180
personal life of, 292–93
personality and character of, 291–92
photograph of, 288
preservation of the Union and, 294
protests/riots against, 295
race issues and, 296
Radical Republicans and, 294
slavery and, 293, 294, 296
Stanton and, 295
Sumner and, 291, 320–21
Wade and, 202
Weed and, 34, 42, 291, 294
women and, 292–93, 296
See also New York Tribune
Greeley, Molly Cheney, 292–93, 295, 299
Greeley, “Pickie” (son), 292, 293
Greenback Party, 339–40
Greensboro, Tennessee, KKK in, 286
Griffith, D. W., 235, 363, 364, 365
Grimes, James, 79, 211, 212, 213
habeas corpus, 43, 61, 179, 280, 282–83
Haiti, 268
Hale, John, 202
Halleck, Henry, 245–46
Hamburg, South Carolina, violence in, 343–44
Hamilton, Alexander, 252
Hamilton Mills, 69
Hamlin, Hannibal, 42, 47, 81, 82, 83, 84
Hancock, Winfield Scott, 181
Harding, Warren G., 365
Harlan, John Marshall, 358
Harper’s Ferry
Brown’s raid at, 16–17, 40
Saxton’s defense of, 114
Harper’s Weekly, 177, 321, 336
Harrison, Wi
lliam Henry, 34, 35, 40–41, 162, 291
Hartsuff, George, 107–8, 133
Hawthorne, Nina. See Pinchback, Nina Hawthorne
Hayes, Birch (son), 331
Hayes, Lucy Ware Webb (wife), 328, 329, 330, 331, 332, 344–45
Hayes, Rutherford B.
alcohol and, 355
“bloody shirt campaign” and, 341, 354
in Civil War, 328–29
as congressman from Ohio, 329–30
corruption and, 332
early legal career of, 327–28
early political career of, 328
elections of 1862 and, 329
elections of 1868 and, 330
elections of 1870 and, 330–31
elections of 1872 and, 331–32
elections of 1874 and, 332
elections of 1876 and, 332, 338, 340, 341–42, 344–51, 354, 358
elections of 1880 and, 355
family/personal background of, 327, 328, 332
financial affairs of, 328, 332
as governor of Ohio, 330–31
Grant and, 330, 331, 332, 353
impeachment of Johnson and, 330
inauguration of, 353
Johnson and, 329
judicial appointments of, 358
Lincoln and, 328, 329
personality and character of, 327, 359
photograph of, 326
and preservation of the Union, 341
reputation of, 328, 330
resignation from Congress of, 330
as retiring from politics, 331
social program of, 331
views about politics of, 329
views about presidency of, 359
See also specific person or topic
Hayes, Webb Rutherford, 354–55
Hays, Alexander, 246
Henderson, John, 23, 211, 212, 213, 218
Hendricks, Thomas, 206, 341, 342, 349
Herold, David, 90–91, 92, 95, 97, 98, 100
Higginson, Thomas W., 65
Hoar, Ebenezer, 253, 254, 278
Hoar, Rockwood, 322
Holden, William Woods, 88, 118
Holstein, Baron Friedrich von, 178–79
Holt, Joseph, 95, 98
homesteading, 276, 293
Hooper, Alice Mason. See Sumner, Alice Mason Hooper
Hooper, Isabella “Bell,” 150, 152, 179
Hooper, Samuel, 150, 152
Hooper, William Sturgis, 150, 152
House of Representatives, U.S.
Belknap impeachment by, 318
elections of 1876 and, 350
Louisiana’s representative to, 147
Menard as first black to speak on floor of, 304
Rainey as first black member of, 305
and seating of representatives from southern states, 147
See also specific person, committee, or legislation
Howard, Elizabeth Ann Waite “Lizzie,” 103, 104, 106
Howard, Oliver Otis
amputation of arm of, 104
black vote and, 106
Circular 13 of, 115
and closure of Freedmen’s Bureau, 276
and criticisms of Freedmen’s Bureau, 275–76
educational views of, 112–14, 276–77, 323
at Freedmen’s Bureau, 79, 103, 105–8, 109, 112–15, 135, 136
Grant and, 109
as Howard University president, 277
impeachment of Johnson and, 212, 276
Johnson and, 105, 115
judgmental errors of, 104–5
land policies and, 129, 276
and Lincoln’s assassination, 105
military career of, 103–5, 110
mission of, 106–7
and partisanship of Freedmen’s Bureau, 275
personal and professional background of, 103–4
personality of, 103, 104
photograph of, 102
religion and, 103–4
reputation of, 103, 104
resignation from Freedmen’s Bureau of, 277
Saxton and, 114, 115
Schurz and, 110
and Sea Islands, 114–15, 129
Sherman and, 106
slavery and, 340
Stanton and, 105, 114
Howard University, Howard as president of, 277
Howe, Julia Ward, 151, 152, 321
Howe, Samuel, 151
Howell, Varina. See Davis, Varina Howell
Humphrey, Hubert, 371
Humphreys, Benjamin G., 133
Hutchinson, Ellen. See Stanton, Ellen Hutchinson
Illinois, 24–25
immigrants, 34, 260, 364, 365, 366
impeachment of Johnson
bribery and, 210, 211, 216, 217–18
British as model for, 172–73
calls for, 159
charges in, 169, 172–73, 176
and Committee on Reconstruction, 186
congressional investigation concerning, 175–76
corruption and, 218
decision about, 216
Hayes and, 330
House Judiciary Committee and, 170, 175–76, 182–83, 186
introduction of bill for, 169–70
Johnson’s comments about, 182, 192, 216–17
media and, 191, 207
Radical Republicans and, 183, 185, 192, 199, 206, 209, 211–12, 213, 217
reaction to decision about, 216–17
Reconstruction Committee and, 191–92
Senate notification of, 193–94
southern reactions to, 221
and Stanton’s dismissal, 217
and Thomas as replacement for Stanton as secretary of war, 188, 191–92
trial for, 194, 205–13
votes about, 169–70, 183, 193, 211–14, 215–16, 217
witnesses testimonies and, 176
See also specific person
Indian Affairs, U.S. Bureau of, 193, 254, 339
Indiana, 341, 354
indians, 252, 282, 339
Indignation Meeting, and Brooks-Sumner incident, 14
Inperial Kleagles, 365
Intelligence Service, Union, 176
Internal Revenue Service (IRS), 260
Irving, Washington, 94
Jackson, Andrew
and Bank of the United States, 31
and Battle of New Orleans, 68
Davis visit to home of, 54
elections of 1832 and, 299
Johnson compared with, 137
Johnson named after, 83
personal background of, 200
and pocket veto, 74
Seward and, 31, 32
spoils system and, 29, 153, 318
swearing-in of, 251
Tilden and, 334
wealth views of, 84
Jackson, Mississippi, Evers murder in, 369
Jackson Railroad, 301, 302
Jackson, Thomas “Stonewall,” 21, 105, 110
James, Henry, 14
Jay, John, 358–59
Jefferson, Thomas, 59, 113, 251
Jews, 244–45, 248, 249, 330, 364, 365, 366
Jim Crow, 352, 359–63, 364–66, 367–69. See also specific state
Johnson, Andrew
alcohol and, 82–83, 84, 86, 118
appointments of, 218–19
assassination plans for, 2
civil rights and, 139, 140, 141, 145, 168, 204, 214
and Confederate reaction to Lincoln’s assassination, 54
Congressional relations with, 120, 140, 159, 170–71, 172, 186
criticisms of, 149, 155
Davis and, 61–62, 83, 93, 95, 137, 176, 179, 180, 207
and defendant sentences for Lincoln’s assassination, 99
early political career of, 83–84
elections of 1860 and, 81
elections of 1864 and, 47, 81, 82
elections of 1866 and, 152–53, 168
elections of 1868 and, 169, 217, 231, 262
enemies of, 137–38, 139, 155
final months of presidential term of, 231–32
and George Washington’s birthday celebration, 137–38, 139
Grant and, 2, 155–56, 169, 173, 185–86, 207
and Grant’s swearing-in, 251
Hayes and, 329
health of, 99
inauguration of, 113
Jackson compared with, 137
Lincoln and, 86
and Lincoln’s second inauguration, 81, 82–83, 84, 85–86, 118, 122
media and, 155, 159, 171–72, 217
as orator, 152–53
personality and character of, 83–84, 122, 136, 137–38, 155, 159, 172
photograph of, 80
plot against, 95–96
and preservation of the Union, 81–82
reputation of, 85–86
and rumors about military coup d’etat, 192
State of the Union addresses of, 119, 122, 131, 132–34, 169, 182, 232, 268
Supreme Court decisions and, 170
swearing-in of, 81
“Swing Around the Circle” tour of, 152–53, 154–58, 207, 271
as Tennessee governor, 82, 129, 176, 223
in Tennessee legislature, 83
and terms of federal offices, 232
vetoes of, 135–36, 139, 140, 141, 168, 171, 172, 204, 213, 214, 232
vision for uniting America of, 87–88
See also impeachment of Johnson; specific person or topic
Johnson, Lyndon B., 370–71, 372
Johnson, Reverdy, 98, 134
Johnson, Richard M., 126
Johnston, Joseph, 3
Judd, George, 223, 229–30
Judiciary Committee, House
Freedmen’s Bureau and, 135
and impeachment of Johnson, 170, 175–76, 182–83, 186
Judiciary Committee, Senate, 24, 269, 280
Justice Department, U.S.
and Akerman’s appointment as first attorney general, 278
Akerman’s resignation from, 289
creation of, 278
funding for, 289
and KKK, 279, 289
Kansas, 9, 10, 11, 12, 14, 37, 40, 58, 139, 305, 361
Kearny, Phil, 104
Keitt, Laurence, 13, 15, 41
Kellar, Andrew, 354
Kellogg, William, 312, 313
Kennedy, Jacqueline, 370
Kennedy, John F., 369, 370
Kennedy, Robert F., 370
Kentucky, 22, 107, 109, 159, 299, 359, 360, 361
Keppard, John, 68
Key, Francis Scott, 163–64
Key, Philip Barton, 162–64, 170, 346
Kimball, Hannibal I., 281
King, Martin Luther, Jr., 369, 370
Know-Nothing Party, 9, 10, 38, 127, 147, 242
Knox College, 270, 305
Korean War, 367
Ku Klux Klan Act/Force Bill, 280–82, 289, 303, 315, 323, 338, 342, 357
Ku Klux Klan (KKK)
black vote and, 366
blacks as primary target of, 364, 366
congressional investigation of, 282–85
criticisms of, 366
decline of, 362, 366
defenders of, 230–31, 287
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