H. G. Wells

by The First Men in the Moon

  This occurred on the first day of my sojourn when my play-writing energy was at its height, and I regarded the incident simply as an annoying distraction – the waste of five minutes. I returned to my scenario. But when next evening the apparition was repeated with remarkable precision, and again the next evening, and indeed every evening when rain was not falling, concentration upon the scenario became a considerable effort. ‘Confound the man,’ said I, ‘one would think he was learning to be a marionette!’ and for several evenings I cursed him pretty heartily.

  Then my annoyance gave way to amazement and curiosity. Why on earth should a man do this thing? On the fourteenth evening I could stand it no longer, and as soon as he appeared I opened the French window, crossed the verandah, and directed myself to the point where he invariably stopped.

  He had his watch out as I came up to him. He had a chubby rubicund face, with reddish-brown eyes – previously I had seen him only against the light. ‘One moment, sir,’ said I as he turned.

  He stared. ‘One moment,’ he said, ‘certainly. Or if you wish to speak to me for longer, and it is not asking too much – your moment is up – would it trouble you to accompany me—?’

  ‘Not in the least,’ said I, placing myself beside him.

  ‘My habits are regular. My time for intercourse – limited.’

  ‘This, I presume, is your time for exercise?’

  ‘It is. I come here to enjoy the sunset.’

  ‘You don't.’

  ‘Sir?’

  ‘You never look at it.’

  ‘Never look at it?’

  ‘No. I've watched you thirteen nights, and not once have you looked at the sunset. Not once.’

  He knitted his brows like one who encounters a problem.

  ‘Well, I enjoy the sunlight – the atmosphere. I go along this path, through that gate’ – he jerked his head over his shoulder – ‘and round —’

  ‘You don't. You never have been. It's all nonsense. There isn't a way. Tonight for instance—’

  ‘Oh! tonight! Let me see. Ah! I just glanced at my watch, saw that I had already been out just three minutes over the precise half hour, decided there was not time to go round, turned—’

  ‘You always do.’

  He looked at me – reflected. ‘Perhaps I do – now I come to think of it…. But what was it you wanted to speak to me about?’

  ‘Why – this!’

  ‘This?’

  ‘Yes. Why do you do it? Every night you come making a noise—’

  ‘Making a noise?’

  ‘Like this.’ I imitated his buzzing noise. He looked at me and it was evident the buzzing awakened distaste. ‘Do I do that?’ he asked.

  ‘Every blessed evening.’

  ‘I had no idea.’

  He stopped. He regarded me gravely. ‘Can it be,’ he said, ‘that I have formed a habit?’

  ‘Well, it looks like it. Doesn't it?’

  He pulled down his lower lip between finger and thumb. He regarded a puddle at his feet.

  ‘My mind is much occupied,’ he said. ‘And you want to know why! Well, sir, I can assure you that not only do I not know why I do these things, but I did not even know I did them. Come to think, it is just as you say; I never have been beyond that field…. And these things annoy you?’

  For some reason I was beginning to relent towards him. ‘Not annoy,’ I said. ‘But – imagine yourself writing a play!’

  ‘I couldn't.’

  ‘Well, anything that needs concentration.’

  ‘Ah,’ he said, ‘of course,’ and meditated. His expression became so eloquent of distress that I relented still more. After all there is a touch of aggression in demanding of a man you don't know why he hums on a public footpath.

  ‘You see,’ he said weakly, ‘it's a habit.’

  ‘Oh, I recognize that.’

  ‘I must stop it.’

  ‘But not if it puts you out. After all, I had no business – it's something of a liberty.’

  ‘Not at all, sir,’ he said, ‘not at all. I am greatly indebted to you. I should guard myself against these things. In future I will. Could I trouble you – once again? that noise?’

  ‘Something like this,’ I said. ‘Zuzzoo, zuzzoo – But really you know–’

  ‘I am greatly obliged to you. In fact – I know – I am getting absurdly absent-minded. You are quite justified, sir – perfectly justified. Indeed, I am indebted to you. The thing shall end. And now, sir, I have already brought you further than I should have done.’

  ‘I do hope my impertinence—’

  ‘Not at all, sir, not at all.’

  We regarded each other for a moment. I raised my hat and wished him a good evening. He responded convulsively, and so we went our ways.

  At the stile I looked back at his receding figure. His bearing had changed remarkably; he seemed limp, shrunken. The contrast with his former gesticulating, zuzzooing self took me in some absurd way as pathetic. I watched him out of sight. Then, wishing very heartily I had kept to my own business, I returned to my bungalow and my play.

  The next evening I saw nothing of him, nor the next. But he was very much in my mind, and it had occurred to me that as a sentimental comic character he might serve a useful purpose in the development of my plot. The third day he called upon me.

  For a time I was puzzled to think what had brought him – he made indifferent conversation in the most formal way – then abruptly he came to business. He wanted to buy me out of my bungalow.

  ‘You see,’ he said, ‘I don't blame you in the least, but you've destroyed a habit, and it disorganizes my day. I've walked past here for years – years. No doubt I've hummed…. You've made all that impossible!’

  I suggested he might try some other direction.

  ‘No. There is no other direction. This is the only one. I've inquired. And now every afternoon at four – I come to a dead wall.’

  ‘But, my dear sir, if the thing is so important to you—’

  ‘It's vital! You see I'm – I'm an investigator – I am engaged in a scientific research. I live –’ he paused and seemed to think. ‘Just over there,’ he said, and pointed suddenly dangerously near my eye. ‘The house with white chimneys you see just over the trees. And my circumstances are abnormal – abnormal. I am on the point of completing one of the most important demonstrations, I can assure you, one of the most important of all the demonstrations that have ever been made. It requires constant thought, constant mental ease and activity. And the afternoon was my brightest time! – effervescing with new ideas – new points of view.’

  ‘But why not come by still?’

  ‘It would be all different. I should be self-conscious. I should think of you at your play – watching me, irritated! Instead of thinking of my work. No! I must have the bungalow.’

  I meditated. Naturally I wanted to think the matter over thoroughly before anything decisive was said. I was generally ready enough for business in those days and selling always attracted me, but in the first place it was not my bungalow, and even if I sold it to him at a good price I might get inconvenienced in the delivery if the current owner got wind of the transaction, and in the second I was, well – undischarged. It was clearly a business that required delicate handling. Moreover the possibility of his being in pursuit of some valuable invention also interested me. It occurred to me that I would like to know more of this research, not with any dishonest intention, but simply with an idea that to know what it was would be a relief from playwriting. I threw out feelers.

  He was quite willing to supply information. Indeed, once he was fairly under way the conversation became a monologue. He talked like a man long pent up, who has had it over with himself again and again. He talked for nearly an hour, and I must confess I found it a pretty stiff bit of listening. But through it all there was the undertone of satisfaction one feels when one is neglecting work one has set oneself. During that first interview I gathered very little of the drift of his work. Half
his words were technicalities entirely strange to me, and he illustrated one or two points with what he was pleased to call elementary mathematics, computing on an envelope with a copying-ink pencil, in a manner that made it hard even to seem to understand. ‘Yes,’ I said. ‘Yes. Go on!’ Nevertheless I made out enough to convince me that he was no mere crank playing at discoveries. In spite of his crank-like appearance there was a force about him that made that impossible. Whatever it was, it was a thing with mechanical possibilities. He told me of a workshed he had and of three assistants, originally jobbing carpenters whom he had trained. Now from the workshed to the patent office is clearly only one step. He invited me to see these things. I accepted readily and took care by a remark or so to underline that. The proposed transfer of the bungalow remained very conveniently in suspense.

  At last he rose to depart, with an apology for the length of his call. Talking over his work was, he said, a pleasure enjoyed only too rarely. It was not often he found such an intelligent listener as myself. He mingled very little with professional scientific men.

  ‘So much pettiness,’ he explained, ‘so much intrigue! And really when one has an idea – a novel, fertilizing idea – I don't wish to be uncharitable, but—’

  I am a man who believes in impulses. I made what was perhaps a rash proposition. But you must remember that I had been alone, playwriting in Lympne for fourteen days, and my compunction for his ruined walk still hung about me. ‘Why not,’ said I, ‘make this your new habit? In the place of the one I spoilt. At least – until we can settle about the bungalow. What you want is to turn over your work in your mind. That you have always done during your afternoon walk. Unfortunately that's over – you can't get things back as they were. But why not come and talk about your work to me – use me as a sort of wall against which you may throw your thoughts and catch them again. It's certain I don't know enough to steal your ideas myself, and I know no scientific men….’

  I stopped. He was considering. Evidently the thing attracted him. ‘But I'm afraid I should bore you,’ he said.

  ‘You think I'm too dull?’

  ‘Oh no, but technicalities—’

  ‘Anyhow you've interested me immensely this afternoon.’

  ‘Of course, it would be a great help to me. Nothing clears up one's ideas so much as explaining them. Hitherto—’

  ‘My dear sir, say no more.’

  ‘But really can you spare the time?’

  ‘There is no rest like change of occupation,’ I said with profound conviction.

  The affair was over. On my verandah steps he turned. ‘I am already greatly indebted to you,’ he said.

  I made an interrogative noise.

  ‘You have completely cured me of that ridiculous habit of humming,’ he explained.

  I think I said I was glad to be of any service to him, and he turned away.

  Immediately the train of thought that our conversation had suggested must have resumed its sway. His arms began to wave in their former fashion. The faint echo of ‘zuzzoo’ came back to me on the breeze….

  Well – after all that was not my affair….

  He came the next day and again the next day after that, and delivered two lectures on physics to our mutual satisfaction. He talked with an air of being extremely lucid about the ‘ether’ and ‘tubes of force’ and ‘gravitational potential’ and such things, and I sat in my other folding-chair and said ‘Yes,’ ‘Go on,’ ‘I follow you,’ to keep him going. It was tremendously difficult stuff, but I do not think he ever suspected how much I did not understand him. There were moments when I doubted whether I was well employed, but at any rate I was resting from that confounded play. Now and then things gleamed on me clearly for a space, only to vanish just when I thought I had hold of them. Sometimes my attention failed altogether, and I would give it up and sit and stare at him, wondering whether after all it would not be better to use him as a central figure in a good farce and let all this other stuff slide. And then perhaps I would comprehend again for a bit.

  At the earliest opportunity I went to see his house. It was large and carelessly furnished; there were no servants other than his three assistants, and his dietary and private life were characterized by a philosophical simplicity. He was a water-drinker, a vegetarian, and all those logical, disciplinary things. But the sight of his equipment settled many doubts. It looked like business from cellar to attic – an amazing little place to find in an out-of-the-way village. The ground-floor rooms contained benches and apparatus, the bakehouse and scullery boiler had developed into respectable furnaces, dynamos occupied the cellar, and there was a gasometer in the garden. He showed it to me with all the confiding zest of a man who has been living too much alone. His seclusion was overflowing now in an excess of confidence, and I had the good luck to be the recipient.

  The three assistants were creditable specimens of the class of ‘handy-men’ from which they came. Conscientious if unintelligent, strong, civil, and willing. One, Spargus, who did the cooking and all the metalwork, had been a sailor; a second, Gibbs, was a joiner, and the third was an ex-jobbing gardener and now general assistant. They were the merest labourers; all the intelligent work was done by Cavor. Theirs was the darkest ignorance compared even with my muddled impression.

  And now, as to the nature of these inquiries. Here unhappily comes a grave difficulty. I am no scientific expert, and if I were to attempt to set forth in the highly scientific language of Mr Cavor the aim to which his experiments tended, I am afraid I should confuse not only the reader but myself, and almost certainly I should make some blunder that would bring upon me the mockery of every up-to-date student of mathematical physics in the country. The best thing I can do therefore is, I think, to give my impressions in my own inexact language without any attempt to wear a garment of knowledge to which I have no claim.

  The object of Mr Cavor's search was a substance that should be ‘opaque’ – he used some other word I have forgotten, but ‘opaque’ conveys the idea – to ‘all forms of radiant energy’. ‘Radiant energy’, he made me understand, was anything like light or heat or those Röntgen8 rays there was so much talk about a year or so ago, or the electric waves of Marconi9, or gravitation. All these things, he said, radiate from centres and act on bodies at a distance, whence comes the term ‘radiant energy’. Now almost all substances are opaque to some form or other of radiant energy. Glass, for example, is transparent to light, but much less so to heat, so that it is useful as a fire-screen; and alum is transparent to light, but blocks heat completely. A solution of iodine in carbon bisulphide, on the other hand, completely blocks light but is quite transparent to heat. It will hide a fire from you but permit all its warmth to reach you. Metals are not only opaque to light and heat but also to electrical energy, which passes through both iodine solution and glass almost as though they were not interposed. And so on.

  Now all known substances are ‘transparent’ to gravitation. You can use screens of various sorts to cut off the light or heat or electrical influence of the sun, or the warmth of the earth from anything; you can screen things by sheets of metal from Marconi's rays, but nothing will cut off the gravitational attraction of the sun or the gravitational attraction of the earth. Yet why there should be nothing is hard to say. Cavor did not see why such a substance should not exist, and certainly I could not tell him. I had never thought of such a possibility before. He showed me by calculations on paper which Lord Kelvin, no doubt, or Professor Lodge or Professor Karl Pearson10, or any of those great scientific people might have understood, but which simply reduced me to a hopeless muddle, that not only was such a substance possible, but that it must satisfy certain conditions. It was an amazing piece of reasoning. Much as it amazed and exercised me at the time, it would be impossible to reproduce it here. ‘Yes,’ I said to it all, ‘yes. Go on!’ Suffice it for this story that he believed he might be able to manufacture this possible substance opaque to gravitation out of a complicated alloy of metals and something new �
�� a new element I fancy – called, I believe, helium11, which was sent to him from London in sealed stone jars. Doubt has been thrown upon this detail, but I am almost certain it was helium he had sent him in sealed stone jars. It was certainly something very gaseous and thin.

  If only I had taken notes….

  But then how was I to foresee the necessity of taking notes?

  Anyone with the merest germ of imagination will understand the extraordinary possibilities of such a substance, and will sympathize a little with the emotion I felt as this understanding emerged from the haze of abstruse phrases in which Cavor expressed himself. Comic relief in a play indeed! It was some time before I would believe that I had interpreted him aright, and I was very careful not to ask questions that would have enabled him to gauge the profundity of misunderstanding into which he dropped his daily exposition. But no one reading the story of it here will sympathize fully, because from my barren narrative it will be impossible to gather the strength of my conviction that this astonishing substance was positively going to be made.

  I do not recall that I gave my play an hour's work at any one time after my visit to his house. My imagination had other things to do. There seemed no limit to the possibilities of the scheme; whichever way I tried, I came on miracles and revolutions. For example, if one wanted to lift a weight, however enormous, one had only to get a sheet of this substance beneath it and one might lift it with a straw. My first natural impulse was to apply this principle to guns and ironclads and all the material and methods of war and from that to shipping, locomotion, building, every conceivable form of human industry. The chance that had brought me into the very birth chamber of this new time – it was an epoch, no less – was one of those chances that come once in a thousand years. The thing unrolled, it expanded and expanded. Among other things I saw in it my redemption as a businessman. I saw a parent company and daughter companies, applications to right of us, applications to left, rings and trusts, privileges and concessions spreading and spreading, until one vast stupendous Cavorite Company ran and ruled the world.