The Last Days of George Armstrong Custer

by Thom Hatch

  Rolston, Alan. “The Yellowstone Expedition of 1873.” Montana 20 (April 1970).

  Ross, Raymond J. “John A. Martin—Custer’s Last Courier.” The West, April 1967.

  Sage, Walter N. “Sitting Bull’s Own Narrative of the Custer Fight.” Canadian Historical Review 16, no. 2 (June 1935).

  Saindon, Bob. “Sitting Bull: Old Fort Peck’s Famous Visitor.” Hoofprints 18, no. 2 (Fall–Winter 1988).

  Saum, Lewis O. “Colonel Custer’s Copperhead: The Mysterious Mr. Kellogg.” Montana 28, no. 4 (Autumn 1978).

  ———. “Private John F. O’Donohue’s Reflections on the Little Bighorn.” Montana 50, no. 4 (Winter 2000).

  Schulenberg, Dale T., ed. “A Trooper with Custer: Augustus DeVoto’s Account of the Little Big Horn.” Montana 40, no. 1 (Winter 1990).

  Scott, Douglas. “Cartridges, Bullets and Bones.” Research Review 18 (May 2002).

  Scott, Elmo. “Echoes of the Custer Tragedy.” Winners of the West, July 1936.

  Scott, General Hugh. “Custer’s Last Fight.” New York Times, January 6, 1935.

  Shoemaker, Colonel John O. “The Custer Court-Martial.” Military Review 51, no. 10 (October 1971).

  Shoenberger, Dale. “Charles DeRudio: European Assassin.” Research Review, September, 1980.

  Sills, Joe Jr. “The Crow Scouts: Their Contributions in Understanding the Little Big Horn Battle.” 5th Annual Symposium, Custer Battlefield Historical & Museum Association, 1991.

  Sklenar, Larry. “Captain Benteen’s Ugly Little Secret Exposed.” Research Review 12, no. 2 (Summer 1998).

  ———. “Theodore Goldin: Little Big Horn Survivor and Winner of the Medal of Honor.” Wisconsin Magazine of History 80, no. 6 (1996–97).

  ———. “The ‘Wallace Factor’ at the Reno Court of Inquiry.” Research Review 14, no. 1 (Winter 2000).

  Smith, Jay. “Custer Didn’t Do It.” Little Big Horn Associates Newsletter 9, no. 2 (February 1975).

  Smits, David D. “The Frontier Army and the Destruction of the Buffalo, 1865–1883.” Western History Quarterly 25, no. 3 (Autumn 1994).

  Snell, Joseph W., and Robert W. Richmond. “When the Union and Kansas Pacific Built Through Kansas.” Kansas Historical Quarterly 32 (Summer and Autumn 1966).

  Standing, Percy Cross. “Custer’s Cavalry at the Little Big Horn.” Cavalry Journal, 1914.

  Stewart, Edgar I. “I Rode with Custer!” Montana 4, no. 3 (Summer 1954).

  ———. “The Reno Court of Inquiry.” Montana 2, no. 3 (July 1952).

  ———. “Treaty Obligations and the Sioux War of 1876.” English Westerners’ Brand Book 13, no. 3 (April 1971) and no. 4 (July 1971).

  ———. and E. S. Luce. “The Reno Scout.” Montana 10, no. 3 (July 1960).

  ———. “The Reno Scout.” Montana 10, no. 3 (Summer 1960).

  Stone, Melville. “Carlo di Rudio, 1st Lt. 7th U.S. Cavalry.” Collier’s Weekly, May 15, 1920.

  Swift, Eben. “General Wesley Merritt.” Journal of the United States Cavalry Association, March 1911.

  Talbot, James Joseph. “Custer’s Last Battle.” Penn Monthly, September 1877.

  Talmadge, Frank. “Buffalo Hunting with Custer.” Cavalry Journal, January 1929.

  Tate, Michael. “The Girl He Left Behind: Elizabeth Custer and the Making of a Legend.” Red River Valley Historical Review 5 (Winter 1980).

  Taunton, Francis B. “The Man Who Rode Comanche, Sidelights of the Sioux War.” English Westerners, Special Publication no. 2.

  Taylor, Joseph Henry. “Bloody Knife and Gall.” North Dakota Historical Quarterly 4, no. 3 (April 1930).

  ———. “Lonesome Charley.” North Dakota Historical Quarterly 4 (July 1930).

  Tilford, James D. Jr. “Life in the Old Army.” Research Review 4, no. 1 (January 1990).

  Trinque, Bruce A. “The Cartridge Case Evidence on Custer Field.” 5th Annual Symposium, Custer Battlefield Historical & Museum Association, 1991.

  ———. “The Defense of Custer Hill.” Research Review 8, no. 2 (June 1994).

  Utley, Robert M. “The Celebrated Peace Policy of General Grant.” North Dakota History 20, no. 3 (July 1953).

  ———. “The Custer Battle in the Contemporary Press.” North Dakota History 22, nos. 1 and 2 (January–April 1955).

  ———. The Gatlings Custer Left Behind.” American West 11, no. 2 (March 1974).

  ———. “Origins of the Great Sioux War.” Montana 42, no. 4 (Autumn 1992).

  ———. “Whose Shrine Is It? The Ideological Struggle for Custer Battlefield.” Montana 42 (Winter 1992).

  Varnum, Charles A. “I Was There: Colonel Charles A. Varnum’s Experience.” Winners of the West (April 1936).

  Vaughn, J. W. “Dr. George E. Lord, Regimental Surgeon.” New Westerners’ Brand Book, 1962.

  ——— “The Mark Kellogg Story.” Westerners New York Posse Brand Book 7, no. 4 (1961).

  Vestal, Stanley. “The Man Who Killed Custer.” American Heritage 8, no. 2 (February 1957).

  Wabuda, Susan. “Elizabeth Bacon Custer in Japan: 1903.” Manuscripts Magazine 35 (Winter 1983).

  Walker, H. P. “The Enlisted Soldier on the Frontier.” In The American Military on the Frontier: The Proceedings of the 7th Military History Symposium, edited by James P. Tate. Washington, D.C.: Office of Air Force History, 1978.

  Walker, L. G., Jr. “Military Medicine at Little Bighorn.” Journal of the American College of Surgeons 202, no. 1 (January 2006).

  Walter, Denton. “Terry and Custer: Was There a Plan?” Little Big Horn Associates Newsletter 22 (October 1988).

  Watson, Elmo. “The Custer Campaign Diary of Mark Kellogg.” The Westerners’ Brand Book, 1945–46 (Chicago, 1947).

  Welty, Raymond L. “The Indian Policy of the Army, 1860–1870.” Cavalry Journal 36, no. 148 (July 1927).

  White, Lonnie J. “The Battle of Beecher Island: The Scouts Hold Fast on the Arickaree.” Journal of the West 5 (January, 1966).

  ———. “The Hancock and Custer Expedition of 1867.” Journal of the West 5, no. 3 (1966).

  ———. “Winter Campaigning with Sheridan and Custer: The Expedition of the Nineteenth Kansas Volunteer Cavalry.” Journal of the West 6 (July 1966).

  White, Richard. “The Winning of the West: The Expansion of the Western Sioux in the Eighteenth and Nineteenth Century.” Journal of American History 65, no. 2 (September 1978).

  Whittaker, Frederick. “General George A. Custer.” Galaxy, September 1876.

  Willert, James. “The Wedding Ring of Lieutenant Donald McIntosh.” Research Review 10, no. 2 (June 1996).

  Wiltsey, Norman B. “We Killed Custer.” Real West 11, no. 60 (June 1968).

  Windolph, Charles. “The Battle of Little Big Horn.” Sunshine Magazine, September 1930.

  Yates, Annie Roberts. “Colonel George W. Yates.” Research Review, September 1981.

  Books

  Adams, Alexander B. Sitting Bull. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1973.

  Amaral, Anthony A. Comanche (The Horse That Survived the Custer Massacre). Los Angeles: Westernlore, 1961.

  Ambrose, Stephen. Crazy Horse and Custer: The Parallel Lives of Two American Warriors. New York: Doubleday, 1975.

  Anders, Frank L. The Custer Trail. Glendale, CA: Arthur H. Clark, 1983.

  Anderson, Gary C. Sitting Bull and the Paradox of Lakota Nationhood. New York: Longman, 1946.

  Andrist, Ralph K. The Long Death: The Last Days of the Plains Indian. New York: Collier, 1964.

  Arnold, Steve. Custer’s Forgotten Friend: The Life of W. W. Cooke. Howell, MI: Powder River Press, 1993.

  Asay, Karol. Gray Head and Long Hair: The Benteen-Custer Relationship. New York: Mad Printers of Mattituck, 1983.

  ———. William Tecumseh Sherman and the Settlement of the West. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1956.

  Athearn, Robert G. Forts of the Upper Missouri. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1982.

  ———. Rebel of the Rockies: A History of the
Denver and Rio Grande Western Railroad. New Haven: Yale University Press, 1962.

  Bailey, John Wendell. Pacifying the Plains: General Alfred Terry and the Decline of the Sioux. Contributions in Military History 17. Westport, CT: Greenwood Press, 1979.

  Barnard, Sandy. Digging into Custer’s Last Stand. Terre Haute, IN: AST Press, 1998.

  ———. I Go with Custer: The Life and Death of Reporter Marl Kellogg. Bismarck, ND: Bismarck Tribune, 1996.

  ———. Speaking About Custer: A Collection of Lectures. Terre Haute, IN: AST Press, 1991.

  ———, ed. Ten Years with Custer: A Cavalryman’s Memoirs. Terre Haute, IN: AST Press, 2001.

  Barnett, Louise. Touched by Fire: The Life, Death, and Mythic Afterlife of George Armstrong Custer. New York: Henry Holt, 1996.

  Barry, David F. Indian Notes on the Custer Battle. Baltimore: Proof Press, 1939.

  Bates, Colonel Charles Francis. Custer’s Indian Battles. Bronxville, NY: Privately printed, 1936.

  Bell, William A. New Tracks in North America. London: Chapman and Hall, 1869.

  Berthrong, Donald. The Cheyenne and Arapaho Ordeal. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1975.

  Bettelyoun, Susan Bordeaux, and Josephine Waggoner. With My Own Eyes: A Lakota Woman Tells Her People’s Story. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1998.

  Beyer, W. F., and O. F. Keydel, eds. Deeds of Valor. Vol. 2. Detroit: Perrian-Keydel, 1907.

  Billings, John D. Hardtack and Coffee: The Unwritten Story of Army Life. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1993.

  Bird, Roy. In His Brother’s Shadow: The Life of Thomas Ward Custer. Paducah, KY: Turner Publishing, 2002.

  Bookwater, Thomas E. Honor Tarnished. West Carrollton, OH: Little Horn Press, 1979.

  Bourke, John G. Mackenzie’s Last Fight with the Cheyennes. Bellevue, NE: Old Army Press, 1970.

  ———. On the Border with Crook. New York: Charles Scribner’s Sons, 1981.

  Boyd, O. B. Cavalry Life in Tent and Field. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1982.

  Boyes, W., ed. The Cheyenne Tribal Historian John Stands-in-Timber’s Account of the Custer Battle. Little Big Horn Associates, 1991.

  ———. Custer’s Black White Man. Washington, D.C.: South Capitol Press, 1972.

  ———, ed. Surgeon’s Diary with the Custer Relief Column. Washington, D.C.: South Capitol Press, 1974.

  Bradley, James H. The March of the Montana Column: A Prelude to the Custer Disaster. Edited by Edgar I. Stewart. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1961.

  Brady, Cyrus Townsend. Indian Fights and Fighters. New York: McClure, Philips, 1904.

  Branch, Edward Douglas. The Hunting of the Buffalo. New York: Appleton, 1929.

  Bray, Kingsley M. Crazy Horse: A Lakota Life. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2006.

  Brill, Charles J. Conquest of the Southern Plains: Uncensored Narrative of the Battle of the Washita and Custer’s Southern Campaign. Oklahoma City: Golden Saga Publishing, 1938.

  Brininstool, E. A. Campaigning with Custer. Reprint. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1988.

  ———. Crazy Horse. Los Angeles: Wetzel Publishing, 1949.

  ———. Troopers with Custer: Historic Incidents of the Battle of the Little Big Horn. Reprint. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1989.

  Brown, Dee. Bury My Heart at Wounded Knee: An Indian History of the American West. New York: Henry Holt, 2001.

  ———. Showdown at Little Big Horn. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 2004.

  Brown, Jesse, and A. M. Willard. The Black Hills Trails: A History of the Struggles of the Pioneers in the Winning of the Black Hills. Rapid City, SD: Rapid City Journal Company, 1924.

  Brown, Joseph Epes. The Sacred Pipe: Black Elk’s Account of the Seven Rites of the Oglala Sioux. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 1953.

  Brown, Mark H. The Flight of the Nez Perce: A History of the Nez Perce War. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1967.

  ———. The Plainsmen of the Yellowstone. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1961.

  ———, and W. E. Felton. The Frontier Years: L. A. Huffman, Photographer of the Plains. New York: Henry Holt, 1955.

  Brust, James, Brian C. Pohanka, and Sandy Barnard. Where Custer Fell: Photographs of the Little Bighorn Battlefield Then and Now. Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, 2005.

  Buecker, Thomas R., and Eli Pauls, eds. The Crazy Horse Surrender Ledger. Lincoln: Nebraska State Historical Society, 1994.

  Buell, Thomas B. The Warrior Generals. New York: Three Rivers Press, 1997.

  Burdick, Usher L., ed. David F. Barry’s Notes on “The Custer Battle.” Baltimore: Wirth Brothers, 1949.

  ———. The Last Battle of the Sioux Nation. Fargo, ND: Worzalla Publishing, 1929.

  ———. Tales from Buffalo Land: The Story of Fort Buford. Baltimore: Wirth Brothers, 1940.

  ———. Tragedy in the Great Sioux Camp. Baltimore: Proof Press, 1936.

  Burkey, Blaine. Custer, Come at Once! Hays, KS: Society of Friends of Historic Fort Hays, 1991.

  Burt, Struthers. Powder River: Let ’Er Buck. New York: Farrar & Rinehart, 1938.

  Bushong, Millard K., and Dean McKain Fightin’ Tom Rosser, C.S.A. Shippensburg, PA: Beidel Printing House, 1983.

  Byrne, P. E. Soldiers of the Plains. New York: Minton, Balch, 1926.

  Carrington, Colonel Henry B. Ab-sa-ra-ka: Land of Massacre. Wife Margaret’s narrative. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1879.

  Carroll, John M., ed. The Arrest and Killing of Sitting Bull: A Documentary. Mattituck, NY: Amereon Press, 1986.

  ———, ed. The Benteen-Goldin Letters on Custer and His Last Battle. New York: Liverright, 1974.

  ———, ed. Camp Talk: The Very Private Letters of Frederick W. Benteen of the 7th U.S. Cavalry to His Wife, 1871–1878. Edited by John Melvin Carroll. Mattituck, NY: J. M. Carroll, 1983.

  ———, ed. Cavalry Scraps: The Writings of Frederick W. Benteen. East Stroudsburg, PA: Guidon Press, 1979.

  ———, ed The Court Martial of Frederick W. Benteen, Major, 9th Cavalry, or Did General Crook Railroad Benteen? Bryan, TX: Privately printed, 1981.

  ———, ed. The Court-Martial of Thomas M. French. Bryan, TX: Privately printed, 1979.

  ———, ed. Custer: From the Civil War to the Little Bighorn. Bryan, TX: Privately printed, 1981.

  ———, ed. Custer and His Times, book 2. Forth Worth, TX: Little Big Horn Associates, 1984.

  ———, ed. A Custer Chrestomathy. Bryan, TX: Privately printed, 1981.

  ———, ed. Custer in the Civil War: His Unfinished Memoirs. San Rafael, CA: Presidio Press, 1977.

  ———. Custer in Texas: An Interrupted Narrative. New York: Sol Lewis & Liveright, 1975.

  ———, ed. Custer’s Chief of Scouts. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1982.

  ———, ed. The Eleanor Hinman Interviews on the Life and Death of Crazy Horse. New Brunswick, NJ: Garry Owen Press, 1976.

  ———. 4 on Custer by Carroll. N.p.: Guidon Press, 1976.

  ———, ed. The Frank L. Anders and R. G. Cartwright Correspondence. 3 vols. Bryan, TX: Privately printed, 1982.

  ———, ed. General Custer and New Rumley, Ohio. Bryan, TX: Privately printed, 1978.

  ———, ed. General Custer and the Battle of the Little Big Horn: The Federal View. Mattituck, NY: J. M. Carroll, 1986.

  ———. Roll Call on the Little Bighorn. Fort Collins, CO: Old Army Press, 1974.

  ———. General Custer and the Battle of the Washita: The Federal View. Mattituck, NY: Guidon Press, 1978.

  ———, ed. The Two Battles of the Little Big Horn. Bryan, TX: J. M. Carroll, 1974.

  ———? They Rode With Custer: A Biographical Directory of the Men That Rode with General George A. Custer. Mattituck, NY: J. M. Carroll & Co., 1993.

  ———. The Seventh Cavalry Scrapbook. Nos. 1–13. Bryan, TX: J. M. Carroll, 1978–80.

  ———, ed. The Sunshine Magazine Articles by John
P. Everett. Bryan, TX: Privately printed, 1979.

  ———, and Lawrence A. Frost. Private Theodore Ewert’s Diary of the Black Hills Expedition of 1874. Piscataway, NJ: CRI Books, 1976.

  Carroll, John M., and Donald Horn. Custer Genealogies. Bryan, TX: Guidon Press, n.d.

  Chambers, Lee. Fort Abraham Lincoln, Dakota Territory. Atglen, PA: Schiffer Publishing, 2008.

  Chandler, Lieutenant Colonel Melbourne C. Of Garry Owen in Glory: The History of the 7 th U. S. Cavalry. Annandale, PA: Turnpike Press, 1960.

  Chorne, Laudie J. Following the Custer Trail of 1876. Bismarck, ND: Printing Plus, 1997.

  Clark, George M. Scalp Dance: The Edgerly Papers. Oswego, NY: Heritage Press, 1985.

  Clark, Robert A., and Carroll Friswold. The Killing of Crazy Horse. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1976.

  Cody, William F. The Life of Hon. William F. Cody, Known as Buffalo Bill. Lincoln: University of Nebraska Press, 1978.

  Coffeen, Herbert. The Teepee Book, Parts I and II. New York: Sol Lewis, 1974.

  Coffman, Edward M. The Old Army. New York: Oxford University Press, 1986.

  Connell, Evan S. Son of the Morning Star: Custer and the Little Bighorn. New York: Harper Perennial, 1991.

  Convis, Charles L. The Honor of Arms: A Biography of Myles W. Keogh. Tucson, AZ: Westernlore, 1990.

  Cook, John R. The Border and the Buffalo. Chicago: R. R. Donnelley & Sons, 1938.

  Coppee, Henry. Field Manual for Courts-Martial. Philadelphia: J. B. Lippincott, 1863.

  Coughlan, Colonel T. M. Varnum: The Last of Custer’s Lieutenants. Bryan, TX: J. M. Carroll, 1980.

  Cox, Kurt Hamilton, and John Langellier. Custer and His Commands, from West Point to Little Bighorn. Philadelphia: Chelsea House, 2002.

  Cozzens, Peter Gould, ed. Eyewitness to the Indian Wars, 1865–1890. Vol. 3, Conquering the Southern Plains. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole, 2003.

  ———, ed. Eyewitness to the Indian Wars, 1865–1890. Vol. 4, The Long War for the Northern Plains. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole, 2004.

  ———, ed. Eyewitness to the Indian Wars, 1865–1890. Vol. 5, The Army and the Indian. Mechanicsburg, PA: Stackpole, 2005.

  Crawford, Lewis F. Rekindling Camp Fires. Bismarck, ND: Capital Book, 1926.

  Crittenden, H. H. The Crittenden Memoirs. New York: G. P. Putnam’s Sons, 1936.