Alice's Adventures in Wonderland Decoded
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9.6. Raphael. Plato and Aristotle from The School of Athens. 1509. Fresco. Stanza della Segnatura, Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican. Courtesy of Palazzi Pontifici, Vatican.
9.7. Blake, William. Beatrice Addressing Dante from the Car. c.1824–1827. Ink and watercolour on paper. Tate Britain, London. Provenance ©Tate, London, 2014.
9.8. Cecioni, Adriano. Men of the Day, No. 40 (John Ruskin), illustration from Vanity Fair, February 17, 1872.
CHAPTER 10: THE LOBSTER-QUADRILLE
10.2. Hudson, Gwynedd M. Alice, Mock Turtle, and Gryphon Dancing, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: Hodder, 1922. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
10.3. Carroll, Lewis. Sir John Millais. 1865. Photograph. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood. New York: The Century Co., 1898.
10.4. Folkard, Charles. Salmon Come Up, illustration from Songs from Alice in Wonderland and Through the Looking-Glass, by Lewis Carroll and Lucy E. Broadwood. London: A. and C. Black, 1921. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
10.5. Baxter, George. The Great Exhibition (Interior). 1851. Baxter Method oil print. E.J. Pratt Library, George Baxter Collection, Victoria University, Toronto. Courtesy of Victoria University, Toronto.
10.6. Frost, Arthur B. Hiawatha’s Photographing. In Phantasmagoria and Other Poems, by Lewis Carroll. London: Macmillan, 1869. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
10.7. Carroll, Lewis. The Late Duke of Albany. 1875. Photograph. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood. New York: The Century Co., 1898.
10.8. Carroll, Lewis. Arthur Hughes and His Daughter Agnes. 1863. Photograph. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood. New York: The Century Co., 1898.
10.9. Carroll, Lewis. Tom Taylor. 1863. Photograph. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood. New York: The Century Co., 1898.
10.10. Carroll, Lewis. Professor Faraday. 1860. Photograph. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood. New York: The Century Co., 1898.
10.11. Carroll, Lewis. Holman Hunt. 1860. Photograph. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood. New York: The Century Co., 1898.
10.12. Carroll, Lewis. Ellen Terry. Date unknown. Photograph. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood.. New York: The Century Co., 1898.
10.13. Carroll, Lewis. Dante Gabriel Rossetti. c.1863. Photograph.
10.14. Pellegrini, Carlo. Men of the Day, No. 28 (Tennyson), illustration from Vanity Fair, July 27, 1871.
10.15. Carroll, Lewis. Alfred Tennyson. 1857. Photograph. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood. New York: The Century Co., 1898.
CHAPTER 11: WHO STOLE THE TARTS?
11.2. Kay, Gertrude. King and Queen of Hearts at Trial, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: J.B. Lippincott, 1923. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
11.3. Pluto and Proserpina, illustration from Manual of Mythology, by Alexander S. Murray. Philadelphia: David McKay, 1895.
11.4. Restout, Jean II. Orpheus in the Underworld reclaiming Eurydice or The Music. 1763. Oil on canvas. Louvre Museum, Paris. Courtesy of the Louvre Museum, Paris and The Bridgeman Art Library.
11.5. Mackenzie, Frederick. Chapter House, illustration from A History of the University of Oxford, by William Combe. London: R. Ackermann, 1814. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
11.7. Carroll, Lewis. Knave of Hearts Kissing a Tart, illustration from Alice’s Adventures Under Ground. London: MacMillan, 1886. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
11.8. Weighing of the Heart. c.1275 BC. Paint on papyrus. British Museum, London. Courtesy of the British Museum, London.
11.10. Carroll, Lewis. Lewis Carroll, Aged 23. c.1855. Photograph. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood. New York: The Century Co., 1898.
11.11. Carroll, Lewis. Lorina, Alice, and Edith Liddell. 1858. Wet collodion glass plate negative. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood. New York: The Century Co., 1898.
CHAPTER 12: ALICE’S EVIDENCE
12.2. Blake, William. Minos. c.1824–1827. Pen, ink, and watercolour over pencil and chalk. National Gallery of Victoria, Australia. Courtesy of the National Gallery of Victoria, Australia.
12.3. George Boole. c.1850. Illustration. Computer History Museum, California. Courtesy of the Computer History Museum, California.
12.4. Carroll, Lewis. Venn Diagrams vs. Dodgson Diagrams, illustrations from Symbolic Logic, by Lewis Carroll. London: Macmillan, 1897.
12.5. Carroll, Lewis. The Game of Logic, illustration from Symbolic Logic, by Lewis Carroll. London: Macmillan, 1897.
12.6. Carroll, Lewis. A Syllogism Worked Out, illustration from Symbolic Logic, by Lewis Carroll. London: Macmillan, 1897.
12.7. Sawyer, John Robert. Augustus De Morgan. c.1860s–early 1870s. Albumen carte-de-visite. National Portrait Gallery, London. © National Portrait Gallery, London.
12.9. Leighton, Frederic. The Return of Persephone. 1891. Oil on canvas. Leeds Art Gallery, Leeds. Courtesy of Leeds Museums and Galleries, City Art Gallery.
12.10. Soper, George. Alice and Flying Cards, illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland, by Lewis Carroll. London: Headley, 1911. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
12.11. Holiday, Henry. Fit the Third: The Baker’s Tale, illustration from The Hunting of the Snark, by Lewis Carroll. London: MacMillan, 1876. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
12.12. Cameron, Julia Margaret. Ceres (Alice Liddell). 1872. Albumen print. Courtesy of Sotheby’s.
12.13. Cameron, Julia Margaret. Alice Liddell. c.1872. Albumen print. Emma Butterfield Collection, National Portrait Gallery, London. © National Portrait Gallery, London.
12.14. Cameron, Julia Margaret. Alice Liddell as Pomona. 1872. Albumen silver print from glass negative. Courtesy of the Metropolitan Museum of Art, New York; David Hunter McAlpin Fund, 1963.
Part Two: After Wonderland
P2.1. Rackham, Arthur. Trial (Who Stole the Tarts), illustration from Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland. London: William Heinemann, 1907.
P2.2. Carroll, Lewis. Three Sisters. 1862. Photograph. Reprinted with the permission of AP Watt Limited on behalf of the Lewis Carroll Society of North America and the Executors of the C.L. Dodgson Estate.
P2.3. Carroll, Lewis. Ina Liddell. 1870. Albumen print. Emma Butterfield Collection, National Portrait Gallery, London. © National Portrait Gallery, London.
P2.4. Fluss, Robert. Rosy Cross Rose. 1633. Illustration. In Alchemy & Mysticism: The Hermetic Museum, by Alexander Roob. Los Angeles: Taschen, 1997.
P2.5. Schweighardt, Theophilus. Speculum sophicum Rhodostauroticum. 1618. Engraving. In Alchemy & Mysticism: The Hermetic Museum, by Alexander Roob. Los Angeles: Taschen, 1997.
P2.6. John Bowles & Son. Radcliffe Camera, Oxford: Panoramic View with All Soul’s College, Brasenose College and the Bodleian Library. Date unknown. Line engraving. Wellcome Library, London. Courtesy of Wellcome Library, London.
P2.7. da Bologna, Giovanni, and Edwin Lutyens. Fountain of Mercury. 1928. Lead copy of bronze original, in a stone basin. Photograph © Harshil Shah, 2006.
P2.8. Baxter, George. Houses of Parliament. 1851. Baxter Method oil print. E.J. Pratt Library, George Baxter Collection, Victoria University, Toronto. Courtesy of Victoria University, Toronto.
P2.9. Baxter, George. View of the Crystal Palace. 1851. Baxter Method oil print. E.J. Pratt Library, George Baxter Collection, Victoria University, Toronto. Courtesy of Victoria University, Toronto.
P2.10. Carroll, Lewis. Henry George Liddell, Dean of Christ Church, Oxford. c.1860s. Photograph. In In the Shadow of the Dreamchild: A New Understanding of Lewis Carr
oll, by Karoline Leach. London: Peter Owen Publishers, 1999.
P2.11. Rowlandson, Thomas. Front View of Christ Church. c.1770s–1820s. Etching with aquatint. In Rowlandson’s Oxford, by A. Hamilton Gibbs. London: Kegan Paul, Trench, Trubner & Co. Ltd., 1911.
P2.12. Tissot, James. Men of the Day, No. 36 (Matthew Arnold), illustration from Vanity Fair, November 11, 1871.
P2.13. Ward, Leslie. “Greek” (Benjamin Jowett), illustration from Vanity Fair, February 26, 1876.
P2.14. Pellegrini, Carlo. “Christchurch” (Henry George Liddell), illustration from Vanity Fair, January 30, 1875.
P2.15. Richmond, Sir William Blake. The Sisters (Edith Mary Liddell; Ina Liddell; Alice Liddell). 1867. Stipple engraving. Emma Butterfield Collection, National Portrait Gallery, London. © National Portrait Gallery, London.
P2.17. Bassano, Alexander. Edith, Alice and Ina Liddell. c.1876. Albumen print. Courtesy of the Alexander Bassano Collection.
P2.16. Burne-Jones, Edward and William Morris. St. Catherine Window. 1878. Stained glass. Chapel of Remembrance, Christ Church, Oxford. Photograph from
P2.18. Cameron, Julia Margaret. King Lear Allotting His Kingdom to His Three Daughters. 1872. Albumen silver print from glass negative. Courtesy of The Metropolitan Museum of Art, Washington, D.C; Bequest of Maurice B. Sendak, 2013.
P2.19. Holiday, Henry. The Hunting of the Snark, book cover illustration for The Hunting of the Snark, by Lewis Carroll. London: Macmillan, 1876. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
P2.20. Alice Liddell. c.1880. Albumen print. Emma Butterfield Collection, National Portrait Gallery, London. © National Portrait Gallery, London.
P2.21. Quarrington, Harland. Westminster Abbey Interior. 2008. Photograph. Courtesy of Harland Quarrington and the Ministry of Defence, London.
P2.22. The Chestnuts, Guildford. Date unknown. Photograph. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood. New York: The Century Co., 1898.
P2.23. Thomson, E. Gertrude. The Nursery “Alice”, book cover illustration for The Nursery “Alice”, by Lewis Carroll. London: Macmillan, 1890. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
P2.24. Facsimile of Programme of “Alice in Wonderland” Produced at the Royal Globe Theatre. 1888. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood. New York: The Century Co., 1898.
P2.25. Elliott, Joseph John, and Clarence Edmund Fry. Alice and the Dormouse. Date unknown. Photograph. In The Life and Letters of Lewis Carroll, by Stuart Dodgson Collingwood. New York: The Century Co., 1898.
P2.26. Furniss, Harry. Sylvie and Bruno, book cover illustration for Sylvie and Bruno, by Lewis Carroll. London: Macmillan, 1889. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
P2.26. Furniss, Harry. Sylvie and Bruno Concluded, book cover illustration for Sylvie and Bruno Concluded, by Lewis Carroll. London: Macmillan, 1893. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
P2.27. von Herkomer, Sir Hubert. C.L. Dodgson. In Christ Church, Oxford: An Anthology in Prose & Verse, by Arthur Hassall. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1911.
P2.27. Watts, George Frederic. Dean Henry George Liddell. In Christ Church, Oxford: An Anthology in Prose & Verse, by Arthur Hassall. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1911.
P2.28. Carroll, Lewis. Alice’s Adventures Under Ground, book cover illustration for Alice’s Adventures Under Ground. London: Macmillan, 1886. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
P2.29. Alice Hargreaves Receiving Doctorate. 1932. Photograph. Photograph from
P2.30. Peter Llewelyn Davies Portrait. 1917. Photograph. Courtesy of Neverpedia.com.
P2.30. Peter Llewelyn Davies as a child. 1901. Photograph. Courtesy of Neverpedia.com.
P2.30. Bedford, P.D. Peter Pan and Wendy, book cover illustration for Peter Pan and Wendy, by J.M. Barrie. London: Hodder and Stoughton, 1915. Courtesy of the Thomas Fisher Rare Book Library, Toronto.
P2.31. Mons Philosophorum, an illustration from Geheime Figuren der Rosenkreuzer, aus dem 16ten und 17ten Jahrhundert, by J.D.A. Eckhardt. Hamburg: Altona, 1785. In Alchemy & Mysticism: The Hermetic Museum, by Alexander Roob. Los Angeles: Taschen, 1997.
*Where not otherwise stated, all illustrations from books are from the library of David Day.
DAVID DAY is the author of over 40 books, including seven on the works of J.R.R. Tolkien, two on Arthurian myth, seven books of poetry, nine books for children and ten on natural history. His The Doomsday Book of Animals, updated as the Encyclopedia of Vanished Species, was a book of the year for Time magazine, New Scientist and the Los Angeles Times.
He began research on Lewis Carroll and Alice’s Adventures in Wonderland while living in Britain in the 1990s. Initially planning on completing a book in time for the 1998 centenary of Carroll’s death, he soon discovered that the multi-leveled complexities of Alice would take much longer to unravel.
David Day was born in Victoria, British Columbia, and lives in Toronto.