14. Letter from John F. Kennedy to Eleanor Roosevelt, Jan. 10, 1959, and Eleanor Roosevelt’s reply, Jan. 20, 1959.
15. Letter from John F. Kennedy to Eleanor Roosevelt, Jan. 22, 1959.
16. E. Roosevelt, interview, “College News Conference,” op. cit.; letter from Mary Lasker to Eleanor Roosevelt, Jan. 11, 1960, and Eleanor Roosevelt’s comment written on the margin of Mrs. Lasker’s letter.
17. E. Roosevelt, “If You Ask Me,” Nov., 1959.
18. E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Oct. 23, 1959.
19. New York Times, New York Herald Tribune, and New York Post, Dec. 8, 1959.
20. Arthur Schlesinger, Jr., A Thousand Days: John F. Kennedy in the White House (Boston, 1965), p. 20.
21. E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Feb. 1, 1960, and April 17, 1960.
22. Interview with A. David Gurewitsch; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Lord Elibank, April 1, 1960.
23. Lash Diaries, April 12, 1960.
24. Ibid., April 24, 1960; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Walter Reuther, April 25, 1960.
25. Letters from Eleanor Roosevelt to Walter Reuther and G. Mennen Williams, April 25, 1960.
26. Lash Diaries, May 31, 1960.
27. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Mary Lasker, June 1, 1960.
28. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Joseph P. Lash, June 7, 1960.
29. Letter from Adlai Stevenson to Eleanor Roosevelt, June 10, 1960.
30. Eleanor Roosevelt called on Stevenson to clarify his position on June 11, 1960, and Stevenson replied on June 12, 1960; E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” June 13, 1960.
31. New York Times, June 13, 1960.
32. Letter from Adlai Stevenson to Eleanor Roosevelt, June 13, 1960.
33. Arthur Krock, column in the New York Times, June 14, 1960; Stevenson comment to Eleanor Roosevelt, June 15, 1960.
34. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Joseph P. Lash, June 15, 1960.
35. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Edmund Brown, June 10, 1960; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Michael DiSalle, June 21, 1960.
36. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Agnes Meyer, June 21, 1960.
37. Letters from Eleanor Roosevelt to Trude W. and Joseph P. Lash, June 19, 1960.
38. Ibid., July 15, 1960.
39. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Gus Ranis, July 9, 1960.
40. N. R. Howard, in the Cleveland Plain Dealer, July 13, 1960.
41. Lash Diaries, July 17, 1960.
42. Norman Mailer, The Presidential Papers (New York, 1963), p. 36; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to LeRoy Collins, July 29, 1960.
43. Letter from Nannine Joseph to Cass Canfield, July 19, 1960; David E. Lilienthal, The Harvest Years, 1959–63, vol. V of The Journals of David E. Lilienthal, 5 vols. (New York, 1971), p. 103; Lash Diaries, July 17, 1960.
44. Lash Diaries, July 17, 1960.
45. Letters from Adlai Stevenson to Eleanor Roosevelt, Aug. 7, 1960.
46. Interviews with with Mrs. Herbert Lehman, A. David Gurewitsch, and Maureen Corr.
47. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Adlai Stevenson, Aug. 11, 1960.
48. William Walton, in As We Remember Him, ed. John K. Jessup and others (New York, 1965), p. 88.
49. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Stevenson’s friends, Aug. 15, 1960.
50. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to John F. Kennedy, Aug. 15, 1960; letter from John F. Kennedy to Eleanor Roosevelt, Aug. 26, 1960.
51. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to John F. Kennedy, Aug. 27, 1960.
52. Ibid., Oct. 24, 1960.
53. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Peter Kamitchis, Oct. 21, 1960.
54. E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Jan. 2, 1961.
15. TO THE END, COURAGE
1. Miss Perkins’s attitude was described to me by Prof. Maurice Neufeld of Cornell University, who arranged for Miss Perkins to come to Cornell. David Gurewitsch told me the Morgenthau story.
2. Gallup Opinion Index, Report No. 19; Eleanor Roosevelt, financial papers, 1961.
3. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Mr. Horne, Feb. 19, 1960.
4. Emma Bugbee, in the New York Herald Tribune, Oct. 11, 1961; New York Post, Oct. 11, 1961.
5. New York Times, Oct. 6, 1959; interview with Maureen Corr.
6. Emma Bugbee, “My Most Unforgettable Character,” Reader’s Digest, Oct., 1963; Thomas L. Stix, “Mrs. Roosevelt Does a TV Commercial,” Harper’s, Nov., 1963.
7. E. Roosevelt, You Learn by Living, cited (Ch. 11); interview with Nannine Joseph.
8. Letter from Anna Roosevelt Halsted to A. David Gurewitsch, April 7, 1960; New York Post, Dec. 7, 1961.
9. Interview with the late Mrs. Gerald Morgan.
10. Interview with the Reverend Elliott Lindsley.
11. Mr. and Mrs. Arthur Vervaet told me this story.
12. Interview with Maureen Corr.
13. Ibid., Adlai Stevenson, eulogy, delivered Nov. 17, 1962.
14. Lash Diaries, July 4, 1962.
15. Recollection of the author; E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” cited (Ch. 1), Aug. 10, 1960.
16. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Franklin Roosevelt III, Jan. 15, 1962.
17. Interview with Anna Roosevelt Halsted.
18. Lilienthal, The Road to Change, 1955–59, cited (Ch. 12), p. 299.
19. New York Times, March 11, 1961.
20. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Adlai Stevenson, April 19, 1961; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to John F. Kennedy, April 10, 1961.
21. “List of Women Eligible for Appointment,” Eleanor Roosevelt files, in Franklin D. Roosevelt Library; her changed attitude toward the Equal Rights Amendment reported in the New York Times, May 8, 1961; message from the Commission on the Status of Women to Eleanor Roosevelt, Oct. 29, 1962.
22. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to John F. Kennedy, Feb. 19, 1961.
23. Letters from Eleanor Roosevelt to John F. Kennedy, March 14, 1961, and April 21, 1961, and Kennedy’s reply, April 28, 1961.
24. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to John F. Kennedy, July 22, 1961, and Kennedy’s reply, July 28, 1961.
25. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to John F. Kennedy, Nov. 2, 1961, and Kennedy’s reply, Nov. 21, 1961.
26. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to John F. Kennedy, Aug. 15, 1962.
27. Letter from Robert F. Kennedy to Eleanor Roosevelt, Dec. 19, 1961.
28. Letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Jacqueline Kennedy, Dec. 1, 1960.
29. E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” May 29, 1962.
30. New York Post, April 7, 1959.
31. Interview with Anna Roosevelt Halsted.
32. Lash Diaries, March 16, 1960.
33. Ruth G. Michaels, in Hadassah, Dec., 1962; interviews with Maureen Corr and A. David Gurewitsch.
34. New York Times, May 25, 1962; Lash Diaries, June 8, 1962; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to Thomas L. Stix, May 10, 1962.
35. Interview with Anna Roosevelt Halsted; letter from Eleanor Roosevelt to A. David Gurewitsch, undated; Elinore Denniston, “A Recollection,” in Eleanor Roosevelt, Tomorrow Is Now (New York, 1963), p. x.
36. E. Roosevelt, “My Day,” Aug. 14, 1962.
37. Lash Diaries, Aug. 6, 1962.
38. Interview with Maureen Corr.
39. Letter from Trude W. Lash to Paul Tillich, Nov. 18, 1962.
40. Lash Diaries, Sept. 7, 1962.
41. Ibid.; E. Roosevelt, Tomorrow Is Now, op. cit., p. 138.
42. Lash Diaries, Sept. 20, 1962.
43. Letter from Trude W. Lash to Paul Tillich, Nov. 18, 1962.
44. Letter from Adlai Stevenson to Eleanor Roosevelt, Sept. 30, 1962.
45. Letter from A. David Gurewitsch to Joseph P. Lash, Dec. 15, 1962; letter from James Halsted to James Roosevelt, March 25, 1966.
46. Lash Diaries, Oct. 30, 1962; letter from Anna Roosevelt Halsted to David Gray, Nov. 1, 1962.
47. Edward P. Morgan, ed., This I Believe (New York, 1953), pp. 155–56.
APPENDIX A. ELEANOR ROOSEVELT AND THE NOBEL PEACE PRIZE
1. Letter fro
m Adlai Stevenson to Gunnar Jahn (Chairman of the Nobel Committee of the Norwegian Parliament), Feb. 21, 1961.
2. Letter from Adlai Stevenson to Gunnar Jahn, Jan. 15, 1962; letter from John F. Kennedy to August Schou, Jan. 23, 1962.
3. Letter from Ralph Bunche to Gunnar Jahn, Nov. 22, 1962.
4. Letter from Lester Pearson to Gunnar Jahn, Aug. 13, 1964; letter from Andrew W. Cordier to Gunnar Jahn, Sept. 2, 1964.
5. Letter from Sivert A. Nielsen to August Schou, Sept. 5, 1964, and Schou’s reply, Sept. 8, 1964; letter from Sivert A. Nielsen to Nils Langhelle, Sept. 21, 1964, and Langhelle’s reply, Oct. 28, 1964.
6. Letter from the Organizing Committee to Gunnar Jahn, Jan. 10, 1965.
7. Letter from Harry S. Truman to Gunnar Jahn, Nov. 20, 1964.
8. Letter from Clement Attlee to the Nobel Committee, Oct. 29, 1964.
9. Letter from Jean Monnet to August Schou, undated.
10. Letter from Henry A. Kissinger to the Nobel Committee, Dec. 9, 1964.
11. Letter from Esther Lape to A. David Gurewitsch, Dec. 30, 1964.
APPENDIX B. MRS. ROOSEVELT AND THE SULTAN OF MOROCCO
1. Letter from Justine Wise Polier to Joseph P. Lash, Feb. 29, 1972.
Index
Page numbers listed correspond to the print edition of this book. You can use your device’s search function to locate particular terms in the text.
Acheson, Dean, 155, 157, 181, 190, 192, 194, 195, 200–2
food aid to Yugoslavia question, 85–86
on Truman Doctrine, 83–85
Adenauer, Konrad, 285
Albert Hall, 32
Alexander, Archibald, 266
Alexander, Sir Harold, 32
Aligarh University, 197
Ali Khan, (Begum) Liaquat, 228
Allison, John M., 228
Alsop, Joseph, 73, 79, 298
Alsop, Stewart, 73, 79
America, 155
American Association for the United Nations (AAUN), 120, 164, 233, 236, 257, 268, 322, 336
barnstorming the nation for, 220
commercializes on her seventieth birthday, 239
Eleanor becomes educational volunteer in, 220
American Broadcasting Company (ABC), 178
American Committee for Yugoslav Relief, 86
American Friends Service Committee, 326
American Legion, Americanism Commission of, 237
Americans for Democratic Action (ADA), 81, 164, 234, 235, 289
Eleanor agrees to serve as honorary chairman, 236–37
founding meeting, Eleanor’s support of, 79–81
and 1956 Democratic civil rights plank, 254
Roosevelt Day Dinner, 290
American Youth Congress, 151
Anderson, Clinton P., 135–36
Anderson, Eugenie, 261
Anglo-American Committee of Inquiry, 104, 105, 107
Aquinas, Thomas, 46
Arabs, see Palestine question
Arriba, 155
Arvey, Jake, 139
As He Saw It, 78
Asia, 148, 192–93
Astor, Lady, 25
Attlee, Clement, 103–4, 105, 108, 343, 343n
Atwood, William, 271
Auerbach, Beatrice Fox, 331
Austin, Warren R., 51, 78, 115, 127, 192, 194
Australia, 30, 102
Baker, Noel, 25, 32
Baldwin, Calvin B., 82
Baldwin, Roger, 237, 318, 331
Balfour Declaration, 121
Barden Bill, 162
Barkley, Alben, 20
Baruch, Bernard, 95, 128, 140, 146–47, 243–44, 306, 318
and Eleanor’s resignation from UN, 214, 216
international atomic energy control plan, controversy over, 77
and Stevenson candidacy (1952), 209–11
and Stevenson candidacy (1956), 266
Baumgartner, Leona, 324
Bay of Pigs, 324
Beal, Frank, 166
Beard, James, 183
Beaser, Herbert, 209
Belafonte, Harry, 319
Benét, Stephen Vincent, 184
Ben-Gurion, David, 329, 343n
Benjamin, Robert, 297, 305, 336
Benton, William, 246, 262, 283, 297, 301, 319
Berlin, 63, 188
Berlin Wall, 326
Bernadotte, Count Folke, 127–28
Bernstein, Leonard, 319
Bethune, Mary McLeod, 235
Bevin, Ernest, 25, 33, 88, 107, 108, 110
Bidault, Georges, 33
Bilbo, Theodore G., 20, 104
Billboard, 182
Bingham, Barry, 243
Blanshard, Paul, 152
Bloom, Sol, 23, 30, 34, 173
Boettiger, John, 178
Boettiger, John Roosevelt (grandson), 322
Bogomolov, Alexander E., 54
compliments Eleanor at Geneva, 57
Bohlen, Charles E. (Chip), 90, 91–92, 95, 122–23, 141, 142
Bokhari, Mr., 193
Bolling, Richard, 249, 292
Borisov, Alexander, 42–43
Bourne, Dorothy, 199, 315
Bowers, Claude G., 203
Bowles, Chester, 17n, 143, 196, 197, 200, 202, 204, 282–83, 305, 306, 319
Bowles, Dorothy Stebbins, 200
Bowman, Isaiah, 101–2
Brandeis University, 164, 310
Bricker, John W., 219
Bricker amendment, 206, 219, 220, 221
Bromfield, Louis, 98
Browder, Earl, 14
Brown, Harrison, 19
Brown, Richard, 315
Bryan, Julien, 237
Buckley, William F., 279, 322
Bugbee, Emma, 237
Bunche, Ralph J., 24, 129, 130, 237, 239, 251, 341
Burma, 201
Burns, James M., 249
Butler, Paul, 248, 254, 255, 265, 270, 283, 293–98
Bye, George, 43, 150, 185, 311
Byelorussians, 31
Byrne, Doris, 14
Byrnes, James, 14, 19, 23, 24, 27, 29, 33, 34, 35, 36, 41, 90, 92, 114n
Caffery, Jefferson, 195
“Calf Path, The,” 183
Campaigns, see Democrats/Democratic party
Campobello, 184, 333
and Franklin D. Roosevelt memorial plans, 327
Canada, 30, 327
Canfield, Cass, 185, 200, 311
Carey, James, 235, 335
Carlin, George, 16
Carman, Harry J., 222–23, 225, 227
Cassin, René, 42, 50–51, 63, 65, 67n, 343n, 344
Cecil, Robert Viscount, 32
Celler, Emanuel, 335
Chandor, Douglas, 171
Chang, Peng-Chun, 46, 48–49
Chiang Kai-shek, Mme., 201, 309
Chicago Tribune, 92
Chichibu, Princess (Setsuko Matsudaira), 227
Chile, 203
China, 22
see also Formosa; Red China
Christie, Lansdell, 319, 331
Churchill, Winston, 5, 26, 31, 78, 85, 181
Eleanor on at war’s end, 11–12
“Iron Curtain” speech, she fears influence on Truman, 71
Jewish refugee question and, 103
visits Hyde Park, 71
CIO-PAC, 15
Citizens Committee for Children, 17, 165, 314
Civil rights, American, 207, 290, 327–28
and drafting of Human Rights Declaration and Covenant, 50–51, 53–55, 58–59
and 1956 presidential campaign, 247–55, 258, 262, 269
Clark, Joseph, 283
Clay, Lucius, 93
Clemens, Cyril, 160, 205
Clifford, Clark, 144, 145
Cochrane, Louise Morley, 26, 330
Cohen, Benjamin V., 38, 96, 121, 123n, 128, 152, 326
Cohen, Felix S., 102
Cohen, Morris Raphael, 102
Cold war, Eleanor and, 16, 63, 201, 203, 335
ADA v. PCA question, 80–82
alienated by Soviet Union, 96–97
atomic energy control question, Baruch Plan and, 77
Berlin blockade, her presence in Paris reassuring, 188
breakup of Allied unity, her view of Soviet role in, 73, 76–78
Communism not military threat, 149
confrontation with Communists (1948), 63–65
criticizes Wallace for anti-American speeches in Europe, 82–83
Czech Communist coup, her fear of Third World War, 94
European reconstruction question, Marshall Plan, 86–96 passim
fear of growing U.S. military influence, 75–76
first Soviet sputnik, 276
her hopes for communication with Soviets, 276, 278
her views on Soviet Union, 69–71
Khrushchev “honest” when saying war unthinkable, 276
McCarthyism, views on and encounters with, 233–37, 242, 285
military preparedness not enough to meet Soviet challenges, 283
misgivings about U.S. “get tough” policy, 74–75
planned visits to Russia, 74, 93
senses growing rift between Russia and Red China, China should be recognized, 284
Stevenson man to deal with Soviets (1952 campaign), 213
supports non-Communist progressive programs, 79–82
suspicious of Churchill’s policies, 71–72
Third World pro-Soviet leanings, 192–93
trip to Northern Europe, fear of U.S. and Russia in, 188–91
trip to Russia and, thoughts on Communism and Third World, 273–74
Truman Doctrine question, 82–86
UN support necessary to ease, 71–72
visit to Yugoslavia, their view of Communism, 231–33
Yugoslav relief question, 85–86
see also Communists/Communism; Soviet Union
Columbia Bicentennial Conference, 243
Commager, Henry S., 294, 295
Commission on the Status of Women, 324
Commission to Study the Organization of Peace, 18
Committee for Democratic Voters, 331
Communist “Peace” Congresses, 189
Communists/Communism, 14–15, 76–77, 148–49
see also Cold war; Soviet Union
Confucius, 46
Connally, Tom, 23, 24, 25, 34
Consumers League, 321
Cook, Nancy, 169–70, 320
Cordier, Andrew W., 342
Corr, Maureen, 171–72, 195, 223, 229, 231, 233, 273, 287, 310–11, 318–19, 320, 330, 331, 333, 337, 338
Cousins, Norman, 326
Craig, May, 104, 142, 155
Cuba, 306, 325, 338
Eleanor Page 41