by Karen Abbott
Kilpatrick, H. Judson, 360
King, Lucy, 383–84
Knight, Judson, 406
Knights of the Golden Circle, 97
Knights Templar, 56
knitting, 115, 124
Knoxville, Tennessee, 295
Ku Klux Klan, 97
Ladies Memorial Association, 414
Lamb, William, 390
Lamon, Ward Hill, 53, 349, 420
land mines, 183–84
Lane, Joseph, 24, 108
latrines, 15, 146
Lawton, Hattie, 159–60
Lebanon, Kentucky, 289
Lee, Fitzhugh, 242
Lee, Robert E., 181, 213, 218, 242, 256, 261, 267, 287, 294, 305, 327, 338, 368, 397, 405, 408, 426
at Antietam, 247–49
at Chancellorsville, 293
at Five Forks, 408
at Fredericksburg, 268–71
at Gettysburg, 296, 303–4
Overland Campaign, 368, 369, 379–80
Seven Days Battles, 224–27
Special Order No. 191, 247
at Spotsylvania, 368, 379
in the Wilderness, 368, 379
leeches, 93
Leesburg, Virginia, 12
Letcher, John, 295
Leveson-Gower, Granville George, 356
Lewis, Pryce, 108–10, 156, 215
Libby Prison, 160–61, 161, 162–66, 205, 229–30, 325–26, 345–46, 365–67
Liberia, 125
Ligon’s Prison, 37–39
Lincoln, Abraham, xi, 11, 18, 19, 24, 26–27, 38, 41, 50, 58, 60, 61, 64, 67, 75, 115, 171, 173, 184, 315, 320, 337, 349, 358, 397, 403, 415, 420
assassination of, 423
cabinet of, 26, 61, 105, 115, 117, 246
Emancipation Proclamation, 248, 305
McClellan and, 61, 94, 134, 156, 193, 214, 242, 248, 261, 264–65
Pinkerton agency and, 69–70, 70
Proclamation of Amnesty and Reconstruction, 324
Trent Affair and, 121, 129
war strategy, 58, 61, 94, 100, 134, 156, 248, 264, 267, 278
Lincoln, Mary Todd, 27, 38, 60, 67, 122, 321, 337
Lincoln, Tad, 60, 70
Lincoln, Willie, 60, 70, 148
Lind, Jenny, 40
Logan, Captain, 280–82, 289
Lohmann, F. W. E., 254
London, 304, 305, 309, 320–22, 350, 356–59, 376–78, 403
theater, 419–20
London Morning Post, 321, 378
London Standard, 321
Long, Dick, 219
Longstreet, James, 256, 264, 279
Lookout Mountain, 322
Louisville, Kentucky, 97, 279, 313
Lounsbury, William, 162–63
Lowe, Thaddeus, 155–56
Lynchburg, Virginia, 408
Mackall, Lily, 110, 111, 117
Madison, James, 84
Maginnis, Arthur, 235
Magruder, John, 155, 183, 184
mail, 73, 107, 299
army carriers, 151, 214, 245, 261, 265, 269, 291, 298
postwar, 424–26
stamp shortages, 73
underground information and, 97
malaria, 100, 194–95, 286, 290–92, 415, 416, 418
Mallory, Stephen, 24
Malvern Hill, 227
Manassas, Virginia, 20–22, 27, 31, 31, 32–36, 232, 242–46, 265
First Battle of Bull Run, 19, 22, 30, 31–36, 37, 47, 53, 57, 63, 68, 80, 266
Second Battle of Bull Run, 244–46
manifest destiny (term), 377
Mansion House Hospital, 122
Marshall, John, 40
martial law, 61, 158, 204, 316
Martin, Frederick, 49
Martindale, John, 314
Martinsburg, Virginia, 3–10, 19, 49–56, 96, 103, 133, 139, 187, 234–35, 258, 259, 268, 295–96, 349, 391, 421
Maryland, 9, 26, 97, 100–101, 104, 159, 246–49, 316, 380, 392
Battle of Antietam, 247–48, 248, 249
as border state, 9, 50
slavery, 14, 26, 143
Maryland News Sheet, 203
Mason, James, 121, 129, 304, 305, 323, 370, 371, 387
“Maud Miller” (Whittier), 194–95
McClellan, George, 19, 51, 58, 58, 59–60, 64, 82, 91, 112, 113, 115, 121–22, 178, 216, 256, 270, 394
at Antietam, 247–49
farewell address to troops, 264–65
Rose Greenhow’s surveillance on, 66–74, 105, 109, 122, 173, 176
at Harrison’s Landing, 226–28, 231, 231, 232, 242
leadership style, 59–60, 94, 121, 151–52, 213, 247–48
Lincoln and, 61, 94, 134, 156, 193, 214, 242, 248, 261, 264–65
Peninsula Campaign and, 152–57, 180–86, 193–99, 210–14, 218, 232, 242
procrastination of, 61, 89, 99, 105, 121, 134, 155–56, 183, 246, 264
replaced with Burnside, 264–65
Second Battle of Bull Run, 244–46
Seven Days Battles, 224–27
at Seven Pines, 210–14
strategy of, 61, 89, 94, 99, 151–52, 184, 193, 224, 261
McCullough, John R., 326–28, 329
McDowell, Irvin, 19, 22, 30, 32, 190, 203
at Bull Run, 32–35
McKee, Major, 196, 197–98
McNiven, Thomas, 253
McVay, Clifford, 240–41, 250–51
Meade, George, 329
Meagher, Thomas F., 178
measles, 148–49, 416
Mechanicsville Turnpike, 225–26, 397
medical care, 16–17, 32, 38, 51, 57, 185, 226, 242–43
amputations, 17, 34, 57, 185, 280, 293
Confederate, 42–43, 75–76, 258
examinations, 12, 179
female doctors, 366
poor hygiene and bacterial infections, 298
for pregnant soldiers, 277–78
prison, 81, 148–50, 230, 314
smuggled drugs, 100–101, 101, 102, 222
surgeons, 17, 34, 185, 245, 366
Union, 12, 16–17, 32, 34, 89–95, 211–12, 226, 242–43, 245, 246, 290, 393–94
for venereal disease, 89–90
Memminger, Christopher, 43–44
Memphis, 286
Meridian, Mississippi, 357
Mexican-American War, 22, 44, 59, 138, 155, 211
Michigan, 12, 15, 80, 416, 417
minié balls, 32, 64, 182, 206
Mississippi, xii, 61, 128, 134, 357
Mississippi River, 209, 278, 303–4, 359
Missouri, 50, 61, 134
as border state, 61
slavery, 61
Mix, James, 316
Mobile Bay, Alabama, 386
Montgomery, Alabama, 295
Montgomery, Walter, 419–20
Montgomery County, Maryland, 143
Montreal, 376
morphine, 100, 245
Morris Island, 306
Morse code, 25, 113
Moschzisker, Dr. Von, 167
Mosquito Fleet, 113
Mount Washington Female College, 7
Munson’s Hill, 60, 64
My Imprisonment and the First Year of Abolition Rule (Greenhow), 304, 321–22
“My Southern Soldier Boy,” 240
Nalle House, 246
Napoléon Bonaparte, 59, 335–36
Napoléon III, 323, 335–39
Nashville, 286
New Inlet, 306, 307
New Jersey, 128, 277
New Orleans, 316, 317, 420
fall of, 209
New York, xi, 5, 45, 73, 81, 266
draft riots, 298
New York Fire Zouaves, 34
New York Herald, 205
New York Military Gazette, 266
New York Times, 23, 150, 322, 324
New York Tribune, 19, 58, 89, 189
Night Hawk, 388, 389
Nine Mile Road, 297
95th Illinois Infantry, 277
Niphon, 388
Norfolk, Virginia, 3
18, 363
North, xi, xii, 23, 61, 78, 342
press, 19, 66, 89, 118, 218, 232, 286, 311, 322–24, 377
songs, 122, 411
See also specific states; Union; Union army; Union espionage
North Carolina, xi, 113, 144, 216, 316, 348, 397
Northrop, Lucius B., 254
Norton, Charles, 277
Nurse and Spy in the Union Army (Edmonds), 394–95, 414
nurses, 51
Confederate, 42–43, 75–76, 258
Union, 90–91, 120–23, 211–12, 226–27, 242–43, 271, 393–94
See also medical care
Oak Grove, Battle of, 224–25
Oberlin, Ohio, 300, 414, 415
Ohio, 81, 134, 300, 414, 415, 422
“Old Abe’s Lament,” 67, 112
“Old Capital Prison,” 68, 141–42, 142, 143–50, 166–77, 209, 217, 236–41, 246, 250–51, 299, 388, 403
“Old Zip Coon,” 237
O’Melia, Mary, 127
Onderdunk, Mary E., 116–17
O’Neale, Eliza, 144
O’Neale, John, 6, 143–44
123rd Ohio Regiment, 298
141st Pennsylvania Infantry, 277
153rd New York Regiment, 299
Oregon, 24, 42
O’Sullivan, John, 377
Overland Campaign, 368, 369, 379–80
Paducah, Kentucky, 134
Palmer, Charles, 254, 341
Palmerston, Lord, 356, 371
paper money, 50, 153, 154, 164, 409
Paris, 304, 305, 322–34, 335–40, 356–59, 373, 377
parole, 242–43
passes, 190–92, 221
Patterson, Robert, 6, 19, 49–50, 53
Pauline of the Potomac, 275
Pegram, John, 279
Pelham, John, 102
Pemberton, Betsy, 127
Pemberton, Jim, 127
Peninsula Campaign, 152–57, 180–86, 193–99, 210–14, 218, 232, 240, 242
Pennsylvania, 39
Pennsylvania Abolition Society, 39
pensions, military, 418–19
Pet, 307
Petersburg, siege of, 379
Phantom, 306–8
Philadelphia, 39, 45, 78, 100, 128, 246, 244, 295, 381, 405, 421
Philadelphia Inquirer, 188
Phillips, Eugenia, 114–15, 317
Phillips, Philip, 114–15
photography, war, 147, 247
Phyfe, Duncan, 111
picket duty, 63–65, 182, 183, 221, 244, 342
Pierce, Franklin, 26
Pierrepont, Edwards, 169–75
Pinkerton, Allan, 69–70, 70, 71–74, 84–88, 104–18, 155–57, 179, 180, 183, 194, 215, 216, 224, 261, 264, 328
report on Belle Boyd, 220–21
surveillance on Rose Greenhow, 69–74, 84–89, 104–18, 141–42, 156, 169, 172
Pius IX, Pope, 371
plug-uglies, 45
Poe, Edgar Allan, 40, 124, 216
“Gold-Bug, The” 24
Raven, The, 124, 235
“Tell-Tale Heart, The,” 325
Poe, Orlando M., 99, 151, 157, 243, 267, 270, 291, 394
Pole, R. W., 406
Pollard, Mr., 351, 352
Pope, John, 223, 243, 246
Popes Creek, 100
Porter, Andrew, 146
Porter, Fitz Hugh, 224
Porter, Stephen, 307, 308
Port Royal, South Carolina, 252
Postmaster Line, 97
Post Office Department, 27, 73, 107, 151
post offices, postwar, 424–26
Potomac River, 4, 21, 30, 60, 64, 81, 100, 215, 246, 251, 328, 402
pregnancy, 128–29, 296, 298
of female soldiers, 277–78
press, 19, 64, 81, 100, 237
British, 321, 378, 393, 403
on female spies, 115–18, 238
Northern, 19, 66, 89, 118, 218, 232, 286, 311, 322–24, 377
Southern, 39, 46–47, 61, 96, 103, 118, 124, 158, 165, 194, 215, 218, 286, 296, 303, 328, 425
underground information in, 96, 407
Preston, William, 74
prisons, 36, 68
black market, 164
Belle Boyd in, 234–41, 246, 250–51, 259, 298–300, 312–15, 403
civilians in, 141–50, 167–77, 209, 234–41, 29–300, 312–15
conditions, 145–50, 161, 209, 234, 238, 299, 311, 314, 366, 367
Confederate, 36–39, 42–48, 75–81, 158–66, 227–30, 309–11, 325–26, 344–46, 365–67, 406
“dead” escapees, 326–28
escapes, 80–81, 162–66, 177, 209, 227–30, 309–11, 325–26, 345–48, 365–67, 380
exchange of inmates, 250–51, 370–71
food, 80, 117, 164–65, 209, 367
Rose Greenhow in, 141–47, 147, 148–50, 166–77, 209, 217, 234, 240
medical care, 81, 148–50, 2230, 314
Richmond, 36, 37–39, 42–48, 75–81, 158–66, 227–33, 309–11, 325–26, 344–46, 365–67
Union, 68, 141–42, 142, 143–47, 147, 148–50, 167–77, 209, 217, 234–41, 250–51, 299–300, 312–15
profanity, 5, 16, 139
prostitution, 13, 45, 61, 62–63, 91, 116, 278
brothels, 13, 45, 91, 278, 295
Butler’s General Order No. 28 on, 316
camp followers, 62–63, 139
Joseph Hooker and, 278
puerperal fever, 298
Quakers, 125
Quebec, 376
quinine, 290
smuggled, 100–101, 101, 102, 222
railroads, 6, 27, 56, 122, 136, 244, 268–69, 296, 309, 407
Rains, G. J., 306
Raleigh, North Carolina, 216
rape, 9–10, 28, 41, 49, 111
Rappahannock River, 81, 243, 257, 265, 267–69
rats, 148, 161, 284
rebel yell, 33–34, 225, 282
recognition system, 255
Reconstruction, 425, 426
Reid, James, 266, 271, 275–76, 278, 290, 291, 300–302, 394
Republicans, 121, 425, 426, 427
reveille, 14
Rex, Dr. George, 220
Rhode Island, 80
Richmond, xi, xii, 19, 27, 35, 37–48, 50, 61, 96, 124, 152–54, 183, 190, 210, 213, 215–17, 224–33, 251–58, 303, 319, 340, 360, 369
bread riot, 283, 283, 284–88, 340
fall of, 397, 408–11, 411, 412
martial law, 158
postwar, 424–29
prisons, 36–39, 42–48, 75–81, 158–66, 227–33, 309–11, 325–26, 344–46, 365–67
siege of, 193–94, 209, 225–27
society, 38–42, 128, 216–17
Underground, 248, 252–58, 269, 286–88, 309–11, 325–32, 341–48, 360–67, 380–84, 384, 385, 396–98, 405–12, 424
Union espionage in, 42–48, 75–83, 124–30, 156–66, 193–94, 227–33, 252–58, 286–88, 309–11, 325–32, 341–48, 360–67, 380–85, 396–98, 405–12
wartime population, 43
Richmond, Fredericksburg & Potomac Railroad, 257, 268–69, 309
Richmond Dispatch, 39, 46, 82, 124
Richmond Examiner, 46, 158, 286, 328, 351
Richmond Underground, 248, 252–58, 269, 286–88, 309–11, 325–32, 341–48, 360–67, 380–84, 384, 385, 396–98, 405–12, 424
Richmond Whig, 118, 296, 324
Rich Mountain, 51, 59
Roane, Louisa, 248
Robbins, Jerome, 91, 91, 92–95, 119–20, 123, 151, 152, 157, 184, 226–27, 242–43, 265, 275–76, 290–91, 300–302, 393–95, 417, 419
Robert E. Lee, 100
Robertson, John, 416
Michigan in the War, 416–17
Ross, Erasmus, 162–63, 345
Rowley, Merritt, 342, 344
Rowley, William S., 254–55, 329, 341, 342
Ruth, Samuel, 269, 327, 406
saloons, 13, 57
salt, 77
San Francisco, 23
San Jacinto, USS, 121
Savannah, 100, 397
Scott, Thomas A., 88, 104
Scott, Winfield, 94
Scottish immigrants, 253, 266
scouts, 27, 54, 106, 328
Scully, John, 215
“Secesh” industry, 266, 266
secession, xi, xii, 4, 5, 9, 24, 26, 41, 50, 74, 79, 220, 295, 335
2nd Iowa Infantry, 62
2nd Michigan Infantry, 12, 21, 35, 61–65, 90, 151, 157, 184, 243, 245, 249, 267, 394, 416
2nd Virginia Infantry, 4, 207
2nd Wisconsin Infantry, 21
Secret Line, 96–97
secret service, 69–74
Confederate, 20–30, 51–56, 66–74, 84–88, 96–103, 133–50, 187–92, 200–209, 218–23, 250–51, 258–60, 293–300, 303–5, 312–19, 349–55
double agents, 73
Hooker and, 328–29
Pinkerton agency, 69–74, 84–89, 104–18, 141–42, 155–57, 169, 172, 216, 224, 261, 264, 328
Richmond Underground, 252–58, 269, 286–88, 309–11, 325–32, 341–48, 360–67, 380–84, 384, 385, 396–98, 405–12, 424
Underground Railroad (Confederate), 27, 96–103
Union, 27, 42–48, 51, 55, 75–83, 124–30, 156–66, 178–86, 193–99, 220–33, 242–49, 252–58, 286–88, 309–11, 325–32, 341–48, 360–67, 380–85, 396–98, 405–12
See also Confederate espionage; specific spies; Union espionage
Seelye, Linus, 394, 414,415
Semmes, Raphael, 370, 371
Senate, US, 71, 144
Senate Military Affairs Committee, 22
Seven Days Battles, 224–27
Seven Pines, Battle of, 210–14
Seventh Michigan, 269
Seventh New York Infantry, 14
7th Pennsylvania Volunteers, 49
7th Virginia Infantry, 133
17th Massachusetts Infantry, 420
73rd Ohio, 219
74th New York, 162
79th New York Highlanders, 266, 271
Seward, William, 47, 84, 117–18
sewing, 4–5, 16, 26, 42, 51, 115, 126, 253
role in espionage, 74, 113, 229–30, 253, 256
Shakespeare, William, 373, 404
Sharpe, George H., 328–29, 424
Sheldon, J. S., 174
Shenandoah Valley, xiv, 3–10, 14, 19, 50, 54, 58, 96, 99, 105, 133–40, 187–92, 200–214, 218–23, 224, 234, 261, 264, 295–97, 369, 391
Sheridan, Philip, 277, 408
Sherman, Francis, 235
Sherman, William Tecumseh, 357, 369, 386, 394, 397
Shields, James, 188–89, 190, 203, 218
Shiloh, Battle of, 209
shoes, 100, 382–83
shortages of, 103, 268
Shorter, John Gill, 295
sideburns, 264
6th New York Cavalry, 97
slavery, xii, 6, 23, 125, 127, 143
abolition of, 61, 93, 403
auctions, 39, 125
black soldiers, 305–6
blockade runners and, 306–8, 349–55, 356